Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267799
W. M. Lim, M. Do, Jianguo Ma, K. Yeo
A low noise amplifier (LNA) with excellent gain flatness operating at the frequency range of 5.1 GHz to 5.9 GHz is designed using a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process. From a supply voltage of 1.5 V, the two-stage cascode LNA exhibits a minimum noise figure (NF/sub min/) of 2.59 dB to 3.13 dB within the required bandwidth. The LNA has a S/sub 11/ and S/sub 22/ of -25 dB and -27 dB at 5.5 GHz respectively. A reversed isolation (S/sub 12/) of 100 dB was achieved. A power gain (S/sub 21/) of 14.6 dB with variations less than /spl plusmn/ 0.4% was obtained within 5.1 GHz and 5.9 GHz. Input IP3 and 1 dB compression points of the LNA are -9.05 dBm and -17.12 dBm respectively.
{"title":"A broadband CMOS LNA for WLAN applications","authors":"W. M. Lim, M. Do, Jianguo Ma, K. Yeo","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267799","url":null,"abstract":"A low noise amplifier (LNA) with excellent gain flatness operating at the frequency range of 5.1 GHz to 5.9 GHz is designed using a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process. From a supply voltage of 1.5 V, the two-stage cascode LNA exhibits a minimum noise figure (NF/sub min/) of 2.59 dB to 3.13 dB within the required bandwidth. The LNA has a S/sub 11/ and S/sub 22/ of -25 dB and -27 dB at 5.5 GHz respectively. A reversed isolation (S/sub 12/) of 100 dB was achieved. A power gain (S/sub 21/) of 14.6 dB with variations less than /spl plusmn/ 0.4% was obtained within 5.1 GHz and 5.9 GHz. Input IP3 and 1 dB compression points of the LNA are -9.05 dBm and -17.12 dBm respectively.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126552104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267825
T. Pratt, M.L. Wheeler
This work explores the utilization of arrays to enhance ultrawideband (UWB) performance in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments and to provide range extension through operation in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments. Processing algorithms are described and evaluated using measured data sets provided by UltRaLab. Array processing is used to excise inconsistent detections and to provide estimates of measurement reliability for use in localization solvers. Angle-of-arrival (AOA)-based metrics are considered for time-of-arrival (TOA) systems, and TOA-based metrics are investigated for time difference-of-arrival (TDOA) systems. General trends suggest that the integration of array processing can significantly enhance performance in non-LOS, low SNR environments.
{"title":"Array processing in UWB localization","authors":"T. Pratt, M.L. Wheeler","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267825","url":null,"abstract":"This work explores the utilization of arrays to enhance ultrawideband (UWB) performance in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments and to provide range extension through operation in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments. Processing algorithms are described and evaluated using measured data sets provided by UltRaLab. Array processing is used to excise inconsistent detections and to provide estimates of measurement reliability for use in localization solvers. Angle-of-arrival (AOA)-based metrics are considered for time-of-arrival (TOA) systems, and TOA-based metrics are investigated for time difference-of-arrival (TDOA) systems. General trends suggest that the integration of array processing can significantly enhance performance in non-LOS, low SNR environments.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125460512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267814
Ping Liu, Zhengyuan Xu, Jin Tang
In a typical impulse radio ultra-wideband (UWB) communication environment, transmitted signal carries user's information in pulse positions and undergoes fading from a number of propagation paths. A conventional RAKE receiver may explore path diversity for better performance, but is unable to suppress multiple access interference. Multiuser receiver can significantly improve detection performance. However, it requires channel state information. To seek this information, we adopt a channel input/output model that exhibits a structure similar to a code-division multiple access system. In particular, code matrices for each user can be defined from its unique time-hopping sequence. Then subspace technique is applied to estimate each channel after some necessary modification due to particular formats of defined inputs. Subsequently, zero-forcing and minimum mean-square-error receivers are designed, applicable for both uplink and downlink, and different from existing multiuser detection (MUD) methods that assume perfect channel knowledge.
{"title":"Subspace multiuser receivers for UWB communication systems","authors":"Ping Liu, Zhengyuan Xu, Jin Tang","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267814","url":null,"abstract":"In a typical impulse radio ultra-wideband (UWB) communication environment, transmitted signal carries user's information in pulse positions and undergoes fading from a number of propagation paths. A conventional RAKE receiver may explore path diversity for better performance, but is unable to suppress multiple access interference. Multiuser receiver can significantly improve detection performance. However, it requires channel state information. To seek this information, we adopt a channel input/output model that exhibits a structure similar to a code-division multiple access system. In particular, code matrices for each user can be defined from its unique time-hopping sequence. Then subspace technique is applied to estimate each channel after some necessary modification due to particular formats of defined inputs. Subsequently, zero-forcing and minimum mean-square-error receivers are designed, applicable for both uplink and downlink, and different from existing multiuser detection (MUD) methods that assume perfect channel knowledge.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123563507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267834
H. Schantz
This paper provides a historical overview of ultra-wideband antennas presenting some of the key advances at the root of modern designs.
本文提供了超宽带天线的历史概述，介绍了现代设计的一些关键进展。
{"title":"A brief history of UWB antennas","authors":"H. Schantz","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267834","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a historical overview of ultra-wideband antennas presenting some of the key advances at the root of modern designs.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128356664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267823
A. Mohammadian, A. Rajkotia, S. Soliman
An ultra-wideband (UWB), stripline-fed Vivaldi antenna is characterized both numerically and experimentally. Three-dimensional far-field measurements are conducted and accurate antenna gain and efficiency as well as gain variation versus frequency in the boresight direction are measured. Using two Vivaldi antennas, a free-space communication link is set up. The impulse response of the cascaded antenna system is obtained using full-wave numerical electromagnetic time-domain simulations. These results are compared with frequency-domain measurements using a network analyzer. Full-wave numerical simulation of the free-space channel is performed using a two step process to circumvent the computationally intense simulation problem. Vector transfer function concept is used to obtain the overall system transfer function and the impulse response.
{"title":"Characterization of UWB transmit-receive antenna system","authors":"A. Mohammadian, A. Rajkotia, S. Soliman","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267823","url":null,"abstract":"An ultra-wideband (UWB), stripline-fed Vivaldi antenna is characterized both numerically and experimentally. Three-dimensional far-field measurements are conducted and accurate antenna gain and efficiency as well as gain variation versus frequency in the boresight direction are measured. Using two Vivaldi antennas, a free-space communication link is set up. The impulse response of the cascaded antenna system is obtained using full-wave numerical electromagnetic time-domain simulations. These results are compared with frequency-domain measurements using a network analyzer. Full-wave numerical simulation of the free-space channel is performed using a two step process to circumvent the computationally intense simulation problem. Vector transfer function concept is used to obtain the overall system transfer function and the impulse response.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130186108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267805
S. Hoyos, Brian M. Sadler, G. Arce
Ultra-wideband (UWB) systems employ short, low power pulses. Analog receiver designs can accommodate the required bandwidths, but come at a cost of reduced flexibility. Digital approaches, on the other hand, provide flexibility in receiver signal processing but are limited by analog-to-digital (ADC) resolution and power consumption. In this paper we consider reduced complexity digital receivers, in which the ADC is limited to a single bit per sample. We study three one-bit ADC schemes: fixed reference, stochastic reference, and sigma-delta modulation (SDM). These are compared for two types of receivers based on (i) matched filtering, and (ii) a transmitted-reference. Bit error rate (BER) expressions are developed for these systems, and compared to full resolution implementations with negligible quantization error. The analysis includes the impact of quantization noise, filtering, and oversampling. In particular, for an additive white Gaussian noise channel, we show that the SDM scheme with oversampling can achieve the BER performance of a full resolution digital receiver.
{"title":"Dithering and /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulation in mono-bit digital receivers for ultra-wideband communications","authors":"S. Hoyos, Brian M. Sadler, G. Arce","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267805","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-wideband (UWB) systems employ short, low power pulses. Analog receiver designs can accommodate the required bandwidths, but come at a cost of reduced flexibility. Digital approaches, on the other hand, provide flexibility in receiver signal processing but are limited by analog-to-digital (ADC) resolution and power consumption. In this paper we consider reduced complexity digital receivers, in which the ADC is limited to a single bit per sample. We study three one-bit ADC schemes: fixed reference, stochastic reference, and sigma-delta modulation (SDM). These are compared for two types of receivers based on (i) matched filtering, and (ii) a transmitted-reference. Bit error rate (BER) expressions are developed for these systems, and compared to full resolution implementations with negligible quantization error. The analysis includes the impact of quantization noise, filtering, and oversampling. In particular, for an additive white Gaussian noise channel, we show that the SDM scheme with oversampling can achieve the BER performance of a full resolution digital receiver.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114184734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267889
Katsuyuki Haneda, Jun-Ichi Takada
In this paper, a new ultra wideband (UWB) channel estimation algorithm, UWB-SAGE (space alternating generalized expectation maximization) is proposed. In the algorithm, a novel UWB signal model which is an extension of the conventional wideband signal model is employed in order to estimate the UWB channel with SAGE algorithm. The algorithm divides the measured data into individual ray paths and estimates the directions of arrival, propagation time, and the variation of the amplitude and phase during the propagation for each signal. The measurement campaign in indoor environment was conducted and it was shown that the algorithm could correctly extract the inherent propagation phenomena of the channel. The estimation result can be very useful for the design and analysis of UWB communication system, especially for the evaluation of waveform distortion and multipath effect.
{"title":"An application of SAGE algorithm for UWB propagation channel estimation","authors":"Katsuyuki Haneda, Jun-Ichi Takada","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267889","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new ultra wideband (UWB) channel estimation algorithm, UWB-SAGE (space alternating generalized expectation maximization) is proposed. In the algorithm, a novel UWB signal model which is an extension of the conventional wideband signal model is employed in order to estimate the UWB channel with SAGE algorithm. The algorithm divides the measured data into individual ray paths and estimates the directions of arrival, propagation time, and the variation of the amplitude and phase during the propagation for each signal. The measurement campaign in indoor environment was conducted and it was shown that the algorithm could correctly extract the inherent propagation phenomena of the channel. The estimation result can be very useful for the design and analysis of UWB communication system, especially for the evaluation of waveform distortion and multipath effect.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114082891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267806
Akihiko Saito, Hiroshi Harada, Atsuhiro Nishikata
This paper presents a band pass filter for ultra wideband (UWB) communication systems. The Federal Communication Commission (FCC) authorized the commercial use of the UWB technology in February 2002. Where, the frequency range of the spectrum mask in an indoor environment is from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. To transmit digital information on the maximum of 1 Gbps using this range, the band pass filter with the same passband is indispensable. We have succeeded in development of the ultra wide-band pass filter (UWBPF). In this paper, we report the fundamental transmission characteristics.
{"title":"Development of band pass filter for ultra wideband (UWB) communication systems","authors":"Akihiko Saito, Hiroshi Harada, Atsuhiro Nishikata","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267806","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a band pass filter for ultra wideband (UWB) communication systems. The Federal Communication Commission (FCC) authorized the commercial use of the UWB technology in February 2002. Where, the frequency range of the spectrum mask in an indoor environment is from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. To transmit digital information on the maximum of 1 Gbps using this range, the band pass filter with the same passband is indispensable. We have succeeded in development of the ultra wide-band pass filter (UWBPF). In this paper, we report the fundamental transmission characteristics.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114426412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267837
Honsan Sheng, A. Haimovich, A. Molisch, Jinyun Zhang
In this paper, we present results on the application of reduced-rank adaptive filtering techniques to the problem of interference suppression in ultra-wideband (UWB) communications. It is shown that reduced-rank optimum combining (OC) methods, in particular the eigen-canceler (EC), are effective in suppressing interference modeled as 802.11a signals. Simulation results are presented to show that the EC requires a shorter data record than minimum mean square error (MMSE) RAKE receivers.
{"title":"Optimum combining for time hopping impulse radio UWB RAKE receivers","authors":"Honsan Sheng, A. Haimovich, A. Molisch, Jinyun Zhang","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267837","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present results on the application of reduced-rank adaptive filtering techniques to the problem of interference suppression in ultra-wideband (UWB) communications. It is shown that reduced-rank optimum combining (OC) methods, in particular the eigen-canceler (EC), are effective in suppressing interference modeled as 802.11a signals. Simulation results are presented to show that the EC requires a shorter data record than minimum mean square error (MMSE) RAKE receivers.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115837981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-16DOI: 10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267828
M. Gong, S. Midkiff, R. Buehrer
This paper describes a new piconet formation algorithm (PFA) for ultra-wideband (UWB) networks. The algorithm adopts a master-slave configuration and tries to minimize the total transmission power of master nodes and interference within piconets. The U.S. Federal Communication Commission (FCC) has imposed strict power regulations on the transmission power of UWB devices. To comply with FCC power regulations and to maintain maximum network capacity, we propose an algorithm that selects the nodes with the minimum average distance to neighboring nodes as the master nodes forms piconets that have the minimum total emission power for a given radio range. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than a random selection algorithm in terms of power emission under all circumstances. The performance of PFA can approach the performance of the optimal k-means algorithm when the radio range is large.
{"title":"A new piconet formation algorithm for UWB ad hoc networks","authors":"M. Gong, S. Midkiff, R. Buehrer","doi":"10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UWBST.2003.1267828","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new piconet formation algorithm (PFA) for ultra-wideband (UWB) networks. The algorithm adopts a master-slave configuration and tries to minimize the total transmission power of master nodes and interference within piconets. The U.S. Federal Communication Commission (FCC) has imposed strict power regulations on the transmission power of UWB devices. To comply with FCC power regulations and to maintain maximum network capacity, we propose an algorithm that selects the nodes with the minimum average distance to neighboring nodes as the master nodes forms piconets that have the minimum total emission power for a given radio range. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than a random selection algorithm in terms of power emission under all circumstances. The performance of PFA can approach the performance of the optimal k-means algorithm when the radio range is large.","PeriodicalId":218975,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Ultra Wideband Systems and Technologies, 2003","volume":"227 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124910067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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