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2014 Third Mediterranean Photonics Conference最新文献

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Rateless codes mitigation technique in a turbulent indoor Free Space Optics link 湍流室内自由空间光学链路中的无速率码抑制技术
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866479
R. Pernice, A. Andò, D. Musso, F. Lionti, A. Parisi, S. Mangione, G. Adamo, L. Curcio, S. Stivala, A. Busacca
Free Space Optics (FSO) links are affected by several impairments and, among them, optical turbulence is the most important factor that can degrade the link quality. Due to the presence of this phenomenon, the signal irradiance detected by the receiver fluctuates, thus causing erasure errors and fading events. In this work, we present an indoor Free Space Optics link, in which several turbulence conditions are generated by using two heating elements. We show that the generated turbulence causes erasure errors and packet losses during the data transmission, and we also compare the statistical distribution of the samples with the theoretical models. Moreover, we demonstrate how the application of the most recent rateless codes, i.e., RaptorQ codes, can strongly improve the link quality. In particular, results show that the Packet Error Rate strongly decreases when employing RaptorQ codes. Finally, we conclude that, by properly setting the encoding/decoding parameters, we can correctly receive the whole transmitted data without any errors.
自由空间光学(FSO)链路受到多种损伤的影响,其中光湍流是影响链路质量的最重要因素。由于这种现象的存在,接收机检测到的信号辐照度波动,从而引起擦除错误和衰落事件。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个室内自由空间光学链路,其中使用两个加热元件产生了几个湍流条件。我们证明了产生的湍流会导致数据传输过程中的擦除错误和数据包丢失,并将样本的统计分布与理论模型进行了比较。此外,我们还演示了最新的无速率码(即RaptorQ码)的应用如何极大地提高了链路质量。结果表明,采用RaptorQ码后,包错误率显著降低。最后,我们得出结论,通过正确设置编码/解码参数,我们可以正确接收整个传输数据,没有任何错误。
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引用次数: 11
Fiber coupled Er3+: Chalcogenide microsphere amplifier in mid-IR wavelength range 中红外光纤耦合Er3+:硫化物微球放大器
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866469
G. Palma, T. Castellano, O. Losito, T. Yano, V. Nazabal, J. Taguchi, A. Moreac, M. Ferrari, F. Prudenzano
A mid-IR amplifier constituted of a tapered chalcogenide fiber coupled to an Er3+-doped chalcogenide microsphere has been optimized via a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The numerical model is based on the coupled mode theory and on the erbium rate equations, including the main transitions among the ion energy levels. The PSO has allowed the optimal choice of the microsphere and taper fiber radius, fiber angle taper, fiber-microsphere gap in order to maximize the amplifier gain, which is close to G=7 dB, calculated for a pump power Pp = 100 mW and the input signal power Ps = -50 dBm, at signal wavelength λ=4500 nm.
采用粒子群优化算法优化了由掺Er3+的硫族化物微球与锥形硫族化物光纤耦合构成的中红外放大器。该数值模型基于耦合模式理论和铒速率方程,包括离子能级间的主要跃迁。在信号波长λ=4500 nm时,当泵浦功率Pp = 100 mW,输入信号功率Ps = -50 dBm时,放大器增益接近G=7 dB。
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引用次数: 0
Design of a compact high-performance InP ring resonator 一种紧凑的高性能InP环形谐振器的设计
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866452
D. D’Agostino, G. Carnicella, C. Ciminelli, H. Ambrosius, M. Smit
This work reports on the design of a ring resonator with a high quality factor compatible with InP based generic foundry processes. The resonator consists of a spiral delay line, coupled to a waveguide via a Multimode Interference Coupler with unequal splitting ratio. The spiral loss is greatly reduced by using low-doped shallowly etched waveguides with millimeter bending radii. Based on a measured propagation loss of 0.3 dB/cm, a quality factor of 106 and an extinction ratio of about 10 dB are expected for a ring length of 80 mm. By folding the ring into a spiral the chip size is reduced significantly, resulting in a footprint of 2.5 mm × 3.6 mm.
本文报道了一种环形谐振器的设计,该谐振器具有与基于InP的通用铸造工艺兼容的高质量因数。谐振器由螺旋延迟线组成,通过非等分裂比的多模干涉耦合器与波导耦合。采用低掺杂、弯曲半径为毫米的浅刻蚀波导,大大降低了螺旋损耗。基于测量的传播损耗为0.3 dB/cm,对于长度为80 mm的环,期望质量因子为106,消光比约为10 dB。通过将环折叠成螺旋状,芯片尺寸显着减小,导致占地面积为2.5 mm × 3.6 mm。
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引用次数: 4
Signal to Noise Ratio of silicon photomultipliers measured in the continuous wave regime 连续波状态下硅光电倍增管的信噪比测量
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866473
G. Adamo, D. Agrò, S. Stivala, A. Parisi, A. Tomasino, L. Curcio, R. Pernice, C. Giaconia, A. Busacca, G. Fallica
We performed a Signal to Noise Ratio characterization, in the continuous wave regime, at different bias voltages, frequencies and temperatures, on a novel class of silicon photomultipliers fabricated in planar technology on silicon p-type substrate. Signal to Noise Ratio has been measured as the ratio of the photogenerated current, filtered and averaged by a lock-in amplifier, and the Root Mean Square deviation of the overall current flowing to the device. The measured noise takes into account the shot noise, resulting from the photocurrent and the dark current. We have also performed a comparison between our SiPMs and a photomultiplier tube in terms of Signal to Noise Ratio, as a function of the temperature of the SiPM package and at different bias voltages. Furthermore, Excess Noise Factor measurements of the SiPM, as a function of the applied bias, are shown and discussed. Our results show the outstanding performance of this novel class of SiPMs even without the need of any cooling system.
我们对在硅p型衬底上采用平面技术制造的新型硅光电倍增管进行了连续波下,不同偏置电压、频率和温度下的信噪比表征。信噪比被测量为由锁相放大器滤波和平均的光产生电流的比值,以及流向器件的总电流的均方根偏差。所测噪声考虑了由光电流和暗电流产生的散粒噪声。我们还在SiPM封装温度和不同偏置电压下的信噪比方面对我们的SiPM和光电倍增管进行了比较。此外,还显示并讨论了SiPM的多余噪声因子测量,作为施加偏置的函数。我们的研究结果表明,即使不需要任何冷却系统,这种新型sipm也具有出色的性能。
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引用次数: 19
Optical dispersion relations as a fundamental tool for the superluminal relativistic limit 光色散关系是研究超光速相对论极限的基本工具
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866475
A. Cutolo
The superluminal relativistic limit (SRL), which states that the velocity of light in vacuum (c) cannot be passed by any object, is wrongly considered a postulate of the special theory of relativity (STR) even if Einstein himself never claimed something like that. We derive the SRL as a direct consequence of the classical causality principle and of the optical dispersion relations. Attention is paid to the case of vacuum with gravitational fields where the SRL can lose its validity in agreement with the quantum electrodynamics.
超光速相对论极限(SRL)指出,真空中的光速(c)不能被任何物体通过,这被错误地认为是狭义相对论(STR)的一个假设,尽管爱因斯坦自己从未宣称过类似的东西。我们推导出SRL作为经典因果原理和光色散关系的直接结果。注意在有引力场的真空情况下,SRL可能会失去与量子电动力学一致的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
On-line tests of an optical fiber long-period grating subjected to gamma irradiation 辐照下光纤长周期光栅的在线测试
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866486
D. Sporea, A. Stăncălie, D. Negut, G. Pilorget, S. Delepine-Lesoille, L. Lablonde
The paper reports the outcomes of the tests we conducted as on-line measurements for the evaluation of an optical fiber long period grating (LPG) produced, by fusion technique, in F-doped radiation hardened optical fiber subjected to gamma irradiation. The dosimetry was performed with an Alanine-EPR dosimetry system and the maximum total irradiation dose reached was (45 +/- 0.8)kGy. Before the irradiation the temperature sensitivity of the LPG was 27.8 pm/°C, while the value of this parameter post irradiation was found to be 29.3 pm/°C. The spectral characteristics of the grating were measured (i) in the laboratory with an ANDO AQ6317C optical spectrum analyzer and (ii) on-line, for the first time, with a LUNA OBR 4600 backscatter reflectometer, operating in the frequency acquisition mode. Such on-line measurement enables the study of recovery effects during the irradiation. The central wavelength of the LPG shifted under gamma irradiation by 16 pm/kGy (for a total dose of 45 kGy). At room temperature the recovery of the irradiation induced shift of the wavelength dip was almost complete in about 120 h, at a rate of 6.7 pm/h. Post irradiation heating of the sensor produced the reversing of the recovery effect.
本文报告了我们进行的在线测量测试的结果,以评估光纤长周期光栅(LPG),由融合技术生产,在f掺杂辐射硬化光纤经受伽马辐照。剂量测定采用丙氨酸- epr剂量测定系统,达到的最大总辐照剂量为(45 +/- 0.8)kGy。辐照前LPG的温度敏感性为27.8 pm/°C,辐照后该参数值为29.3 pm/°C。光栅的光谱特性进行了测量:(i)在实验室使用ANDO AQ6317C光谱分析仪,(ii)首次在线使用LUNA OBR 4600后向散射反射计,工作在频率采集模式下。这种在线测量使研究辐照期间的恢复效应成为可能。液化石油气的中心波长在γ射线照射下发生16 pm/kGy的偏移(总剂量为45 kGy)。在室温下,辐照引起的波长偏移几乎在120 h内恢复完全,速率为6.7 pm/h。传感器辐照后加热产生逆转的恢复效果。
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引用次数: 9
Radiation tolerant humidity sensors based on nano-scale TiO2-coated LPGs for high-energy physics applications 高能物理应用中基于纳米级二氧化钛涂层lpg的耐辐射湿度传感器
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866458
G. Berruti, M. Consales, A. Borriello, M. Giordano, S. Buontempo, G. Breglio, A. Makovec, P. Petagna, A. Cusano
This contribution deals with a feasibility analysis for the development of radiation tolerant fiber optic humidity sensors based on long period grating (LPG) technology to be applied in high-energy physics (HEP) experiments currently running at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). Here we propose a high-sensitivity LPG sensor coated with a finely tuned titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin layer (~100 nm thick) for relative humidity (RH) monitoring in the humidity range [0-75]%RH and in the temperature range [-10°C, 25]°C. Experimental results demonstrate the very high RH sensitivities of the proposed device (up to 1.4 nm/%RH at low humidity). The TiO2-coated LPG sensor radiation tolerance is also investigated up to 1Mrad γ-ionizing radiation dose. Collected results demonstrate the strong potentialities of the proposed technology in light of its future exploitation in HEP applications.
这篇文章涉及开发基于长周期光栅(LPG)技术的耐辐射光纤湿度传感器的可行性分析,该传感器将应用于目前在欧洲核子研究组织(CERN)进行的高能物理(HEP)实验。在这里,我们提出了一种高灵敏度的LPG传感器,该传感器表面涂有精细调谐的二氧化钛(TiO2)薄层(~100 nm厚),用于在湿度范围[0-75]%RH和温度范围[-10°C, 25]°C的相对湿度(RH)监测。实验结果表明,该装置具有非常高的相对湿度灵敏度(在低湿度下可达1.4 nm/%RH)。研究了tio2包覆LPG传感器在1Mrad γ电离辐射剂量下的辐射耐受性。收集的结果表明,鉴于其在HEP应用中的未来开发,所提出的技术具有强大的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Broadband light trapping in nanopatterned thin film amorphous silicon solar cells 纳米化薄膜非晶硅太阳能电池中的宽带光捕获
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866455
C. Martella, C. Mennucci, M. Giordano, F. Buatier de Mongeot, P. Delli Veneri, L. Mercaldo, I. Usatii
Here we report on the potentiality of the self-organised nanopatterning in view of broadband photon harvesting in thin film amorphous silicon (a-Si) solar cells. Self-organised pattern formation of glass, semiconductor and TCO interfaces is achieved recurring to low-energy Ion Beam Sputtering (IBS).
本文从薄膜非晶硅(a-Si)太阳能电池宽带光子捕获的角度报道了自组织纳米图案的潜力。低能离子束溅射(IBS)可实现玻璃、半导体和TCO界面的自组织模式形成。
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引用次数: 0
Feasibility study of aperiodic backreflectors for thin film Si solar cells with focused ion beam lithography 聚焦离子束光刻薄膜硅太阳能电池非周期背反射器的可行性研究
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866496
A. Micco, A. Ricciardi, M. Pisco, A. Cusano, V. La Ferrara, I. Usatii, L. Mercaldo, P. D. Veneri
Recently, great efforts have been carried out to design optimized metallic nano-grating back-reflectors to improve the light absorption in thin film solar cells. In this paper, is introduced a feasibility study on the prototyping of patterned substrate for solar cell fabrication. In particular, is demonstrated that the Focused Ion Beam lithography not affect the electric performances of the realized cell, giving us the opportunity to use this lithography technique for prototyping each kind of substrate for solar cell fabrication.
近年来,为了提高薄膜太阳能电池的光吸收率,金属纳米光栅背向反射器的设计得到了广泛的研究。本文介绍了一种用于太阳能电池制造的图案衬底原型的可行性研究。特别地,证明了聚焦离子束光刻不会影响所实现电池的电学性能,使我们有机会使用这种光刻技术来制作各种太阳能电池制造基板的原型。
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引用次数: 0
Fiber cavity ring-down for strain sensing using an OTDR 使用OTDR进行应变传感的光纤腔衰荡
Pub Date : 2014-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/MEPHOCO.2014.6866500
S. Silva, D. J. Passos, M. Marques, O. Frazão
This work presents a fiber CRD configuration for the measurement of strain. An Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer was used to send impulses down into the fiber loop cavity, inside of which a chirped fiber Bragg grating was placed to act as a strain sensing element. This technique could provide strain results with both conventional CRD-based configuration and the OTDR.
这项工作提出了一种用于测量应变的纤维CRD配置。使用光学时域反射计将脉冲发送到光纤环路腔中,其中放置了啁啾光纤布拉格光栅作为应变传感元件。该技术可以提供传统的基于crd的配置和OTDR的应变结果。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2014 Third Mediterranean Photonics Conference
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