Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2023.2174396
E. Pląskowska, Katarzyna Patejuk, M. Lorenc, Jakub Grzeszczuk
{"title":"Lichens and Fungi on Sandstone Tombs at the Historical Jewish Cemetery in Wrocław (Poland)","authors":"E. Pląskowska, Katarzyna Patejuk, M. Lorenc, Jakub Grzeszczuk","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2023.2174396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2023.2174396","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44681784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-09DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2023.2174798
Meng Wu, Bingjian Zhang, Qiong Zhang, Qian Cheng, Siwei Jiang, Li Li
Peach gum was the most common and widely used exudate gum in ancient China. In this study, polyclonal antibodies to peach gum were prepared using the protein of peach gum as the antigen. The polyclonal antibodies were used to identify peach gum with high sensitivity and specificity by biotin–streptavidin-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BA-ELISA). The binders used in the ancient paintings of the Forbidden City and the Dazu Rock Carvings were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the binders of the Dazu Rock Carvings were diverse, including collagen, ovalbumin, casein, peach gum, and lacquer, and that collagen and peach gum coexisted in most samples of the Forbidden City. This study demonstrates ELISA's high efficiency in analyzing binders in ancient paintings.
{"title":"Determination of Peach Gum in Ancient Chinese Paintings by Biotin–Streptavidin-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay","authors":"Meng Wu, Bingjian Zhang, Qiong Zhang, Qian Cheng, Siwei Jiang, Li Li","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2023.2174798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2023.2174798","url":null,"abstract":"Peach gum was the most common and widely used exudate gum in ancient China. In this study, polyclonal antibodies to peach gum were prepared using the protein of peach gum as the antigen. The polyclonal antibodies were used to identify peach gum with high sensitivity and specificity by biotin–streptavidin-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BA-ELISA). The binders used in the ancient paintings of the Forbidden City and the Dazu Rock Carvings were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the binders of the Dazu Rock Carvings were diverse, including collagen, ovalbumin, casein, peach gum, and lacquer, and that collagen and peach gum coexisted in most samples of the Forbidden City. This study demonstrates ELISA's high efficiency in analyzing binders in ancient paintings.","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136156563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-24DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2023.2167040
S. Soleymani, L. Russ
ABSTRACT Magnetic audiovisual (AV) media makes up a significant part of cultural heritage. It contains elements such as sounds, images, and other data for future access. Mould growth can impact magnetic media deterioration. Over time, mould impedes element retrieval and can even cause its total loss, resulting in the loss of our cultural heritage. Therefore, proper maintenance of magnetic media is required to ensure data retention. This paper presents the findings of an international online survey to better understand current knowledge surrounding mould-affected magnetic media. Information on magnetic media is limited, resulting in the question: what are the current experiences and practices surrounding mould on magnetic media in the cultural heritage sector? The aim of the project was to seek audiovisual conservators and film practitioners’ opinions about magnetic media (full coat magnetic film, magnetic audio, and video tapes), conservation processes, and their experience with mould. An on-line survey using Qualtrics software was employed. The survey indicated that mould is present in magnetic media collections regardless of substrate but may be limited to less than a quarter of magnetic media with various dual mechanical–chemical treatments used to combat mould growth. Mould continues to impact element retrieval and thus mould treatment is an important factor in deterioration prevention to ensure data retention.
{"title":"Mould on Magnetic Media: What Are the Current Preservation Practices by Audiovisual Conservation Practitioners?","authors":"S. Soleymani, L. Russ","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2023.2167040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2023.2167040","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Magnetic audiovisual (AV) media makes up a significant part of cultural heritage. It contains elements such as sounds, images, and other data for future access. Mould growth can impact magnetic media deterioration. Over time, mould impedes element retrieval and can even cause its total loss, resulting in the loss of our cultural heritage. Therefore, proper maintenance of magnetic media is required to ensure data retention. This paper presents the findings of an international online survey to better understand current knowledge surrounding mould-affected magnetic media. Information on magnetic media is limited, resulting in the question: what are the current experiences and practices surrounding mould on magnetic media in the cultural heritage sector? The aim of the project was to seek audiovisual conservators and film practitioners’ opinions about magnetic media (full coat magnetic film, magnetic audio, and video tapes), conservation processes, and their experience with mould. An on-line survey using Qualtrics software was employed. The survey indicated that mould is present in magnetic media collections regardless of substrate but may be limited to less than a quarter of magnetic media with various dual mechanical–chemical treatments used to combat mould growth. Mould continues to impact element retrieval and thus mould treatment is an important factor in deterioration prevention to ensure data retention.","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":"68 1","pages":"704 - 719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44816546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-12DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2022.2164833
Chengquan Qiao, Yuxuan Gong, D. Gong
{"title":"Distribution of In-plane Physical Properties of Handmade Xuan Paper: Revealing the Effects of the Sheet Forming Process and the Folded State on Handmade Xuan Paper","authors":"Chengquan Qiao, Yuxuan Gong, D. Gong","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2022.2164833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2022.2164833","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47593494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2022.2156223
Zhu Lei, Yi Weitong, Lan Desheng, Zhou Ping, Jiang Yonghui, Xia Yin, Hun Yungang, Li Xiaoxi, Hou Miaole, Chen Xi, Fu Qianli
ABSTRACT In this paper, the structural mechanical analysis of the Terracotta Warriors, using 3D laser scanning technology and finite element methodology (FEM) is presented. The workflow of the case study mainly includes three steps along with the application of different software. The first step is to capture the point cloud using a 3D laser scanner and the reversed modeling using Geomagic Studio. Next, the model is imported into Hypermesh to accomplish mesh generation. Finally, the meshed model is imported into ABAQUS for analysis. The workflow constitutes an innovation for introducing a mesh generation method that is commonly used in biomechanics by Hypermesh, software that offers benefits such as functional and simple operation. In the analysis, cases such as sculpture at different incline angles to the ground and some particular conditions are included. The results indicate that apart from the ankle, the thigh and hip joints also remain in an adverse position under gravity. Given that the ground for storage and exhibition is not ideally flat, the stress on the whole structure can be reduced by rotating the sculpture at an appropriate angle.
{"title":"A Complete Methodology for Structural Finite Element Analysis of Terracotta Sculptures Based on a 3D Scanned Model: A Case Study on the Terracotta Warriors (China)","authors":"Zhu Lei, Yi Weitong, Lan Desheng, Zhou Ping, Jiang Yonghui, Xia Yin, Hun Yungang, Li Xiaoxi, Hou Miaole, Chen Xi, Fu Qianli","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2022.2156223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2022.2156223","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, the structural mechanical analysis of the Terracotta Warriors, using 3D laser scanning technology and finite element methodology (FEM) is presented. The workflow of the case study mainly includes three steps along with the application of different software. The first step is to capture the point cloud using a 3D laser scanner and the reversed modeling using Geomagic Studio. Next, the model is imported into Hypermesh to accomplish mesh generation. Finally, the meshed model is imported into ABAQUS for analysis. The workflow constitutes an innovation for introducing a mesh generation method that is commonly used in biomechanics by Hypermesh, software that offers benefits such as functional and simple operation. In the analysis, cases such as sculpture at different incline angles to the ground and some particular conditions are included. The results indicate that apart from the ankle, the thigh and hip joints also remain in an adverse position under gravity. Given that the ground for storage and exhibition is not ideally flat, the stress on the whole structure can be reduced by rotating the sculpture at an appropriate angle.","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46807272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2022.2156037
M. Brunet, L. Robbiola, C. Brouca-Cabarrecq, P. Sciau
{"title":"Analysis of Chromate-based Primers for Protection of Aluminium Alloys on Historical Aircraft","authors":"M. Brunet, L. Robbiola, C. Brouca-Cabarrecq, P. Sciau","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2022.2156037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2022.2156037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42622156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-06DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2022.2153466
Ahmet Cihat Ari, Mustafa Tosun, Y. Eker
{"title":"Polymer Matrix and Stone Powder Based Composite Mortar for the Restoration of Sille Stone Structures","authors":"Ahmet Cihat Ari, Mustafa Tosun, Y. Eker","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2022.2153466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2022.2153466","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46618606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-22DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2022.2142283
T. Palomar, Alberto Moure
ABSTRACT The scientific research output of individuals and institutions is commonly evaluated by the number of publications in journals with high impact factor and their corresponding citations. However, the interdisciplinary character of journals reporting advances in conservation science favors their spread over different categories of the Journal Citation Report (JCR). Here we report an analysis of the evolution of the impact factor, the percentile, and the citations on the JCR indexed conservation journals over the last ten years. Our analysis shows that of the 57 conservation journals indexed in the JCR, only eight of them have an impact factor. These journals are distributed across different categories in the Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI), and these categories are sometimes not suitable and decrease their metric impact. This analysis was complemented by a worldwide survey of conservation professionals on their opinions about publishing in these journals. The survey showed two different perspectives about conservation science journals in relation to the background and work of the responders. Conservators and restorers prefer conservation journals with case studies; while researchers prefer high-impact journals, even if they lie outside of the conservation area, so the overall impact factor of conservation journals remains low (low JIF, low Q values). This dichotomy could be fixed with the creation of a new category for heritage science journals in JCR.
{"title":"Analysis of the Impact Factor and JCR Rankings in Conservation Science Journals: Why JCR Should Have a Heritage Category","authors":"T. Palomar, Alberto Moure","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2022.2142283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2022.2142283","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The scientific research output of individuals and institutions is commonly evaluated by the number of publications in journals with high impact factor and their corresponding citations. However, the interdisciplinary character of journals reporting advances in conservation science favors their spread over different categories of the Journal Citation Report (JCR). Here we report an analysis of the evolution of the impact factor, the percentile, and the citations on the JCR indexed conservation journals over the last ten years. Our analysis shows that of the 57 conservation journals indexed in the JCR, only eight of them have an impact factor. These journals are distributed across different categories in the Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI), and these categories are sometimes not suitable and decrease their metric impact. This analysis was complemented by a worldwide survey of conservation professionals on their opinions about publishing in these journals. The survey showed two different perspectives about conservation science journals in relation to the background and work of the responders. Conservators and restorers prefer conservation journals with case studies; while researchers prefer high-impact journals, even if they lie outside of the conservation area, so the overall impact factor of conservation journals remains low (low JIF, low Q values). This dichotomy could be fixed with the creation of a new category for heritage science journals in JCR.","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42818122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2022.2130100
A. Schmidt
ABSTRACT Correct material identification is considered essential when documenting museum objects. This study examines the morphology of mammal hair and records the geographical use of common species in Inuit fur clothing collected by the National Museum of Denmark (NMD) from c. 1830–1940 in the Bering Strait region, Alaska, Arctic Canada, and Greenland. Through hair microscopy, the purpose is to test whether original identifications are correct to assess the origin of unique Inuit garments. By means of transmitted light microscopy (TLM) of stained, 1 µm thick cross-sectioned hairs and undyed, longitudinally mounted hairs, the research reveals that specific morphological structures are characteristic of the common native reindeer/caribou, musk ox, members of the seal family, domestic dog, wolf, Arctic fox, polar bear, and wolverine. Rarer animals (hare, lynx, otter, etc.) are not part of this study because of limitations in the collection. Hairs from seal species are difficult to distinguish from one another. Hairs from dog and wolf are distinguishable but have relatively similar morphology. Therefore, to confirm identification, supplementary analyses are required. The hair microscopy technique was used on 49 garments in NMD’s collections, and the results were compared to the original macroscopic species identification. The study revealed that the latter method is often erroneous when it comes to dog/wolf and wolverine fur.
{"title":"Species Identification of Common Native Arctic Mammals in Inuit Fur Clothing Based on Hair Microscopy","authors":"A. Schmidt","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2022.2130100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2022.2130100","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Correct material identification is considered essential when documenting museum objects. This study examines the morphology of mammal hair and records the geographical use of common species in Inuit fur clothing collected by the National Museum of Denmark (NMD) from c. 1830–1940 in the Bering Strait region, Alaska, Arctic Canada, and Greenland. Through hair microscopy, the purpose is to test whether original identifications are correct to assess the origin of unique Inuit garments. By means of transmitted light microscopy (TLM) of stained, 1 µm thick cross-sectioned hairs and undyed, longitudinally mounted hairs, the research reveals that specific morphological structures are characteristic of the common native reindeer/caribou, musk ox, members of the seal family, domestic dog, wolf, Arctic fox, polar bear, and wolverine. Rarer animals (hare, lynx, otter, etc.) are not part of this study because of limitations in the collection. Hairs from seal species are difficult to distinguish from one another. Hairs from dog and wolf are distinguishable but have relatively similar morphology. Therefore, to confirm identification, supplementary analyses are required. The hair microscopy technique was used on 49 garments in NMD’s collections, and the results were compared to the original macroscopic species identification. The study revealed that the latter method is often erroneous when it comes to dog/wolf and wolverine fur.","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":"68 1","pages":"691 - 703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43929787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-13DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2022.2133916
Maria Brunskog, T. Miyakoshi
{"title":"Lost and Found: Documentary Evidence and Scientific Examination of a Mid-Eighteenth Century Japanese Urushi Box","authors":"Maria Brunskog, T. Miyakoshi","doi":"10.1080/00393630.2022.2133916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2022.2133916","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21990,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Conservation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42162413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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