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The age and palaeomagnetism of Jurassic dykes, western Dronning Maud Land: implications for Gondwana breakup 西Dronning Maud地侏罗纪岩脉的时代和古地磁:冈瓦纳断裂的意义
Pub Date : 2021-09-14 DOI: 10.1144/SP518-2021-44
M. Morake, J. N. F. O'Kennedy, M. Knoper, M. de Kock, J. Kramers, G. Grantham, G. Belyanin, M. Elburg
Abstract New 40Ar/39Ar data from dykes intruded into Sverdrupfjella and Ahlmanryggen, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, indicate that dyke emplacement commenced at c. 207 Ma and lasted until c. 178 Ma. Whereas the ages ascribed to the Karoo-age magmatism contributing to Gondwana breakup are typically inferred as being c. 182 Ma, the data indicate that ages older than c.192 Ma in the broader Karoo Province are restricted to western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, indicating the locality where breakup was initiated. Limited palaeomagnetic data from c. 178–185 Ma dykes combined with published palaeomagnetic data from similar-aged dykes in Vestfjella and the Ferrar Province, suggest that Antarctica had already drifted/rifted significantly away from southern Africa from c. 207 to c. 180 Ma, earlier than previously thought. The data, if correct, require a re-evaluation of the ages ascribed to ocean-floor anomalies used to constrain reconstructions of Gondwana and may provide insight into the history of microcontinental blocks including the Falkland Islands, Haag nunataks, Ellsworth–Whitmore block and Maurice Ewing Bank. Supplementary material: Petrography, Ar isotope data from all samples and summary of ages are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5612838
南极Dronning Maud地Sverdrupfjella和Ahlmanryggen岩脉的40Ar/39Ar新资料表明,岩脉侵位开始于c. 207 Ma,持续至c. 178 Ma。由于卡鲁时代的岩浆作用导致冈瓦纳大陆的破裂,人们通常推断其年龄为182ma,但数据表明,其年龄大于192ma在更广阔的卡鲁省,Ma仅限于南极洲的Dronning Maud Land西部,这表明了分裂开始的位置。来自公元前178-185 Ma岩脉的有限古地磁数据,结合Vestfjella和Ferrar省类似年龄岩脉的已发表的古地磁数据,表明南极洲在公元前207年至公元前180 Ma之间已经从非洲南部明显漂移/裂离,比之前认为的要早。如果数据正确,则需要重新评估归因于海底异常的年龄,这些异常用于限制冈瓦纳的重建,并可能为包括福克兰群岛,Haag nunataks, Ellsworth-Whitmore块体和Maurice Ewing Bank在内的微大陆块体的历史提供见解。补充资料:岩石学,所有样品的Ar同位素数据和年龄摘要可在https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5612838上获得
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引用次数: 3
Geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopic studies of Paleoproterozoic (c. 2.3 Ga) meta-lamprophyre from the Rapuru area, Nellore Schist Belt, southern India: implications for back-arc basin magmatism and its relevance to the Columbia supercontinent assembly 印度南部Nellore片岩带Rapuru地区古元古代(约2.3 Ga)变质煌斑岩的地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素研究:弧后盆地岩浆作用及其与哥伦比亚超大陆组合的关系
Pub Date : 2021-09-06 DOI: 10.1144/SP513-2021-4
T. Meshram, S. Mahapatro, J. Aravind, M. Dora, S. Baswani, G. Gopalakrishna, R. Meshram, V. V. Sesha Sai, K. Randive, Jitendra Das
Abstract This study reports on two lamprophyre dykes from the Rapuru area along the margin of the Eastern Dharwar Craton (EDC) and the Nellore Schist Belt (NSB). The Rapuru lamprophyre (RL) dykes are situated along the southern extension of the Prakassam Alkaline Province (PAP). The RL dykes are deformed, yet still preserve a porphyritic–panidiomorphic texture, with mica phenocrysts, and amphibole and feldspars in the groundmass. Geochemically, the RL dykes have a low Mg# (0.28–0.37), and Ni (30–60 ppm) and Cr (119–228 ppm) concentrations that indicate their evolved nature, such as for other reported lamprophyres from the PAP and EDC. This is further supported by Sr–Nd isotopic ratios that show an affinity towards a mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)–ocean island basalt (OIB)-like signature and a juvenile magmatic nature. The RL seems to have been affected by two major influences, namely, the primary source region, which is geochemically juvenile similar to the compositional field of enriched-MORB, and the continental lithosphere. Such magmas are known to have formed in a back-arc-basin environment. The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio (c. 0.7012–0.7045) and initial εNd ratios (3.13–7.93) are in line with back-arc basin basalts recorded in other parts of the world. The field observations and bulk-rock Sr–Nd radiogenic isotope values in the present study support the Paleoproterozoic nature of the RL. This concurrence of juvenile radiogenic isotopes and fluid-related trace element compositions apparently suggest dehydration of a subducted-slab-triggered metasomatism of the overlying mantle wedge in a subduction-related geodynamic setting. Such intrusive lamprophyre rocks of older ages are limited in India as well as other parts of the world. The 2.1 and 1.8 Ga rocks are widely considered to represent the initial accretion and final break-up of an erstwhile Columbia supercontinent assembly. We argue that the RL were formed in the Paleoproterozoic during the waxing stages of the Columbia supercontinent assembly in a back-arc basin environment, most probably due to the low degree of partial melting of the asthenosphere–lithospheric interaction caused by the introduction of an influx of subduction components into the arc–back-arc basin system.
摘要研究了东Dharwar克拉通(EDC)和Nellore片岩带(NSB)边缘的Rapuru地区的两条煌斑岩脉。Rapuru煌斑岩(RL)岩脉位于Prakassam碱性省(PAP)的南部延伸。RL脉岩虽已变形,但仍保持着斑岩-泛自形结构,在地质体中有云母斑晶、角闪洞和长石。地球化学上,RL岩脉具有较低的Mg#(0.28-0.37)、Ni (30-60 ppm)和Cr (119-228 ppm)浓度,表明其演化性质,与PAP和EDC的其他煌斑岩相似。Sr-Nd同位素比值进一步支持了这一观点,显示出与洋中脊玄武岩(MORB) -洋岛玄武岩(OIB)相似的特征和幼年岩浆性质。RL受两个主要因素的影响,即原生烃源区(与富集- morb成分场相似)和大陆岩石圈的影响。这种岩浆是在弧后盆地环境中形成的。初始87Sr/86Sr比值(c. 0.7012-0.7045)和初始εNd比值(3.13-7.93)与世界其他地区弧后盆地玄武岩记录一致。本研究的野外观测和块状岩石Sr-Nd放射性成因同位素值支持RL的古元古代性质。这种幼年放射性成因同位素和流体相关微量元素组成的同时出现,显然表明在与俯冲有关的地球动力学背景下,上覆地幔楔的俯冲板块引发的交代作用发生脱水。这种更古老的侵入煌斑岩在印度和世界其他地区都是有限的。2.1 Ga和1.8 Ga岩石被广泛认为代表了前哥伦比亚超大陆组合的初始增生和最终分裂。我们认为,RL形成于古元古代,在弧后盆地环境下哥伦比亚超大陆组合的上蜡阶段,很可能是由于俯冲成分流入弧-弧后盆地体系,导致软流圈-岩石圈相互作用的部分熔融程度较低。
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引用次数: 2
The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event: where do we stand? 托瓦西亚海洋缺氧事件:我们站在哪里?
Pub Date : 2021-08-24 DOI: 10.1144/SP514-2021-74
M. Reolid, E. Mattioli, L. V. Duarte, W. Ruebsam
Abstract The study of past climate changes is pivotal for understanding the complex biogeochemical interactions through time between the geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, which are critical for predicting future global changes. The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, also known as the Jenkyns Event, was a hyperthermal episode that occurred during the early Toarcian (c. 183 Ma; Early Jurassic) and resulted in numerous collateral effects including global warming, enhanced weathering, sea-level change, carbonate crisis, marine anoxia–dysoxia and biotic crisis. The IGCP-655 project of the IUGS–UNESCO has constituted an international network of researchers with different disciplinary skills who have collaborated and shared conceptual advances on uncovering drivers of the environmental changes and ecosystem responses. This volume, Carbon Cycle and Ecosystem Response to the Jenkyns Event in the Early Toarcian (Jurassic), presents 16 works that investigate the early Toarcian environmental changes related to the global warming, sea-level rise, carbon cycle perturbation and second-order mass extinction through biostratigraphy, micropalaeontology, palaeontology, ichnology, palaeoecology, sedimentology, integrated stratigraphy, inorganic, organic and isotopic geochemistry, and cyclostratigraphy.
摘要对过去气候变化的研究是理解地、大气、水圈和生物圈之间复杂的生物地球化学相互作用的关键,是预测未来全球变化的关键。toarian Oceanic缺氧事件,也被称为詹金斯事件,是发生在toarian早期(约183ma;早侏罗世),并导致了许多附带效应,包括全球变暖、风化作用增强、海平面变化、碳酸盐危机、海洋缺氧和生物危机。iugu -教科文组织的IGCP-655项目构成了一个由具有不同学科技能的研究人员组成的国际网络,他们在揭示环境变化和生态系统反应的驱动因素方面进行了合作和分享概念进展。本卷《侏罗纪早陶拉纪詹金斯事件的碳循环和生态系统响应》,通过生物地层学、微体古生物学、古生物学、技术、古生态学、沉积学、综合地层学、无机、有机和同位素地球化学以及旋回地层学等方法,介绍了与全球变暖、海平面上升、碳循环扰动和二级大灭绝相关的早陶拉纪环境变化的16项研究成果。
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引用次数: 11
Improved blattoid insect and conchostracan zonation for the Late Carboniferous, Pennsylvanian, of Euramerica 欧美宾夕法尼亚地区晚石炭世改良的扁虫类和贝壳纲的分带
Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.1144/SP512-2021-93
J. Schneider, F. Scholze, A. Ross, B. M. Blake, S. Lucas
Abstract For the biostratigraphy of mixed continental-marine and purely continental sections in the palaeotropical belt of Euramerica, 9 insect and 8 conchostracan zones are newly defined or improved. These zones encompass the time interval from the Early Pennsylvanian (middle Bashkirian) up into the early Permian (early Asselian) of the Euramercian biotic province. They are linked as much as possible to the marine Standard Global Chronostrigraphic Scale by common occurrences of insects and/or conchostracans with conodonts in mixed marine-continental sections as well as by the thus far available and reliable radioisotopic ages of associated volcanic rocks. This insect and conchostracan zonation is an alternative tool to the well-established macro-plant biostratigraphy of the Pennsylvanian. In contrast to the latter, only single specimens of insects or conchostracans, even if more rare than plant remains, allow biostratigraphic dating with a similar high temporal resolution.
摘要在欧洲美洲古热带陆-海混合剖面和纯大陆剖面的生物地层学研究中,新定义或改进了9个昆虫带和8个甲壳纲带。这些带涵盖了从早宾夕法尼亚(巴什基良中期)到早二叠纪(早亚塞利亚)的欧亚生物省的时间间隔。通过在海相-大陆混合剖面中常见的带有牙形刺的昆虫和/或贝壳类动物,以及迄今为止可获得的可靠的伴生火山岩的放射性同位素年龄,它们尽可能地与海洋标准全球年表相联系。这种昆虫和甲壳纲的分带是一种替代工具,以建立大型植物生物地层学的宾夕法尼亚。与后者相比,只有昆虫或贝壳类动物的单一标本,即使比植物遗骸更罕见,也可以用类似的高时间分辨率进行生物地层测年。
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引用次数: 8
Geochemical and palaeomagnetic characteristics of the Vestfold Hills mafic dykes in the Prydz Bay region: implications of a Paleoproterozoic connection between East Antarctica and Proto-India Prydz Bay地区Vestfold Hills基性岩脉的地球化学和古地磁特征:东南极洲与原印度古元古代联系的意义
Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.1144/SP518-2021-33
M. Pandit, A. Pivarunas, J. Meert
Abstract The Archean age granite gneiss basement along the Prydz Bay coastline in East Antarctica hosts north–south-, east–west-, NE–SW- and NW–SE-trending mafic dyke swarms in the Vestfold Hills region that intruded between 2420 and 1250 Ma. The orientations of dykes do not show a direct correlation with the dyke geochemistry. Instead the dykes can be broadly discriminated into high-Mg and Fe-rich tholeiites. The former type is more siliceous, large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), high field strength elements (HFSEs) and light REEs enriched crystallized from a fractionated melt with a notable crustal component or fluid enrichment through the previous subduction process. The Fe-rich tholeiites are less siliceous, have lower abundances of LILEs and REEs, that indicates derivation from an undifferentiated, primitive melt. The geochemical characteristics of both types underline a shallow level and a high degree of melting in the majority of cases, and a broadly island arc basalt (IAB) affinity. Palaeomagnetic analysis of hand samples shows directional groups consistent with geochemical groupings. The Vestfold Hills dykes show a possible linkage with the coeval mafic dykes in the Eastern Dharwar and Bastar cratons of the South Indian Block, based on the similarity in the Paleoproterozoic palaeolatitudes.
东南极洲Prydz湾沿岸的太古代花岗岩片麻岩基底在2420 ~ 1250 Ma之间侵入Vestfold Hills地区,发育南北、东西、NE-SW和nw - se走向的基性岩脉群。岩脉的走向与岩脉的地球化学特征没有直接的相关性。相反,这些岩脉可以被广泛地区分为高镁和富铁的拉斑岩。前一种类型是由分馏熔体结晶而成的硅质较多、大离子亲石元素(LILEs)、高场强元素(HFSEs)和富集轻稀土元素(ree),在前一种俯冲过程中具有明显的地壳成分或流体富集。富铁拉斑岩硅质较少,LILEs和ree丰度较低,表明其来源于未分异的原始熔体。这两种类型的地球化学特征都表明,大多数类型的熔融程度较浅,且具有广泛的岛弧玄武岩亲和性。手样古地磁分析显示方向分组与地球化学分组一致。根据古元古代古纬度的相似性,Vestfold Hills岩脉可能与南印度地块东Dharwar和Bastar克拉通的同世岩脉有联系。
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引用次数: 4
Initial Cenozoic magmatic activity in East Africa: new geochemical constraints on magma distribution within the Eocene continental flood basalt province 东非新生代岩浆活动:始新世陆相洪水玄武岩省岩浆分布的地球化学约束
Pub Date : 2021-08-13 DOI: 10.1144/SP518-2020-262
R. Steiner, T. Rooney, G. Girard, N. Rogers, C. Ebinger, L. Peterson, R. Phillips
Abstract The initial interaction between material rising from the African Large Low Shear Velocity Province and the African lithosphere manifests as the Eocene continental large igneous province (LIP), centred on southern Ethiopia and northern Kenya. Here we present a geographically well-distributed geochemical dataset comprising flood basalt lavas of the Eocene continental LIP to refine the regional volcano-stratigraphy into three distinct magmatic units: (1) the highly alkaline small-volume Akobo Basalt (49.4–46.6 Ma), representing the initial phase of flood basalt volcanism derived from the melting of lithospheric–mantle metasomes; (2) the primitive and spatially restricted Amaro Basalt (45.2–39.8 Ma), representing the early main phase of flood basalt volcanism derived from the melting of the upwelling thermochemical anomaly; and (3) the spatially extensive Gamo–Makonnen magmatic unit (38–28 Ma), representing the mature main phase of flood basalt volcanism that has undergone significant processing within the lithosphere and resulted in relatively homogeneous compositions. The focused intrusion of these main phase magmas over 10 myr preconditioned the African lithosphere for the localization of strain during subsequent episodes of lithospheric stretching. The focusing of strain into the region occupied by this continental LIP may have contributed to the initial extension in SW Ethiopia that is associated with the East African Rift.
摘要来自非洲大低剪切速度省的物质与非洲岩石圈的初始相互作用表现为始新世大陆大火成岩省(LIP),以埃塞俄比亚南部和肯尼亚北部为中心。本文利用始新世陆相洪水玄武岩熔岩组成的地球化学数据,将区域火山地层划分为三个不同的岩浆单元:(1)高碱性小体积Akobo玄武岩(49.4-46.6 Ma),代表岩石圈-地幔交代体熔融形成的洪水玄武岩火山作用的初始阶段;(2)阿马洛原始玄武岩(45.2 ~ 39.8 Ma),为上升流热化学异常熔融形成的洪水玄武岩火山活动的早期主期;(3)空间广泛的gmo - makonnen岩浆单元(38 ~ 28 Ma),代表了洪水玄武岩火山活动的成熟主阶段,该岩浆活动在岩石圈内经历了明显的加工,导致成分相对均匀。这些超过10 myr的主相岩浆的集中侵入为非洲岩石圈在随后的岩石圈拉伸期间的应变定位奠定了条件。压力集中到这一大陆LIP所占据的区域可能促成了与东非裂谷有关的埃塞俄比亚西南部的最初延伸。
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引用次数: 6
A global review of Carboniferous marine and non-marine bivalve biostratigraphy 石炭系海相和非海相双壳类生物地层学综述
Pub Date : 2021-08-10 DOI: 10.1144/SP512-2021-101
M. Amler, V. Silantiev
Abstract This review summarizes research on the biostratigraphic application of Carboniferous marine and non-marine bivalves worldwide, with a focus on the southern margin of Laurussia and the Palaeotethys. Preliminary and established biostratigraphic zonations based on marine and non-marine bivalves are compiled and, if possible, correlated. Bivalve taxa of potential biostratigraphic significance are discussed, and possible limitations of bivalve zonations are outlined. Although marine and non-marine bivalves have not received primary attention for biostratigraphic purposes, a wealth of as yet unused data exists practically worldwide that can assist and complement the more favoured brachiopod, foraminiferid, ammonoid and conodont biozonations.
摘要综述了全球石炭系海相和非海相双壳类生物地层学的研究进展,重点介绍了月桂系南缘和古特提斯系。编制了基于海洋和非海洋双壳类的初步和确定的生物地层带,如果可能的话,进行了对比。讨论了具有潜在生物地层学意义的双壳类分类群,并概述了双壳类带可能存在的局限性。虽然海洋和非海洋双壳类在生物地层学研究中尚未得到主要关注,但世界范围内大量尚未使用的数据可以帮助和补充更受青睐的腕足类、有孔虫类、氨类和牙形虫类生物分带。
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引用次数: 2
Primary v. carbonate production in the Toarcian, a case study from the Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) borehole, Wales 以威尔士Llanbedr (Mochras Farm)井为例,对Toarcian地区的原生碳酸盐岩产量进行了研究
Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.1144/SP514-2021-19
Alessandro Menini, E. Mattioli, S. Hesselbo, M. Ruhl, G. Suan
Abstract The leading hypothesis for the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (T-OAE; c. 183 Ma) and the associated negative C-isotope excursion is the massive release of 12C favouring greenhouse conditions and continental weathering. The nutrient delivery to shallow basins supported productivity and, because of O2 consumption by organic-matter respiration, anoxia development. However, several studies have shown that calcareous nannoplankton experienced a decrease during the T-OAE. Nannofossil fluxes measured in the Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) borehole, Wales, UK, were the highest prior to the negative C-isotope excursion, along with high amounts of taxa indicative of nutrient-rich environments (Biscutaceae). Such conditions attest to high productivity. Fluxes show the lowest values in the core of the event, along with a size decrease of Schizosphaerella and a peak in Calyculaceae. The recovery of nannofossil fluxes and Schizosphaerella size occurred concomitant with the return of C-isotopes to more positive values. Concomitantly, deep dwellers (Crepidolithus crassus) dominated, indicating a recovery of the photic-zone productivity. These observations demonstrate that the cascade of environmental responses to the initial perturbation was more complex than previously considered. In spite of elevated nutrient delivery to epicontinental basins in the early Toarcian, carbonate and primary productions of nannoplankton were depressed in the core the T-OAE, probably because of prolonged thermohaline seawater stratification.
Toarcian ocean缺氧事件(T-OAE;c. 183 Ma)和相关的负c同位素偏移是12C的大量释放,有利于温室条件和大陆风化。向浅层盆地的养分输送支持了生产力,并且由于有机质呼吸消耗了氧气,促进了缺氧的发展。然而,一些研究表明,钙质纳米浮游生物在T-OAE期间经历了减少。在英国威尔士的Llanbedr (Mochras Farm)钻孔测量的纳米化石通量在负c同位素偏移之前是最高的,同时还有大量指示营养丰富环境的分类群(食花科)。这样的条件证明生产率很高。通量在事件的核心处表现为最小值,分裂菌属的大小减小,萼花科达到峰值。纳米化石通量和Schizosphaerella大小的恢复与c同位素回归到更正的值同时发生。与此同时,深居动物(Crepidolithus crasssus)占主导地位,表明光区生产力的恢复。这些观察结果表明,环境对初始扰动的级联反应比以前认为的要复杂得多。尽管早陶拉世早期陆表盆地的营养输送增加,但在T-OAE核心,碳酸盐和纳米浮游生物的初级生产受到抑制,这可能是由于长时间的热盐海水分层。
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引用次数: 10
Existence of the Dharwar–Bastar–Singhbhum (DHABASI) megacraton since 3.35 Ga: constraints from the Precambrian large igneous province record 3.35 Ga以来Dharwar-Bastar-Singhbhum (DHABASI)巨型克拉通的存在:来自前寒武纪大火成岩省记录的约束
Pub Date : 2021-07-29 DOI: 10.1144/SP518-2021-53
R. Srivastava, R. Ernst, U. Söderlund, A. Samal, O. Pandey, G. C. Gautam
Abstract We propose a Precambrian megacraton (consisting of two or more ancient cratons), DHABASI in the Indian Shield, which includes the Dharwar, Bastar and Singhbhum cratons. This interpretation is mainly based on seven large igneous provinces (LIPs) that are identified in these three cratons over the age range of c. 3.35–1.77 Ga, a period of at least 1.6 Ga. The absence of any subsequent break-up of DHABASI since 1.77 Ga suggests that this megacraton has existed for the past 3.35 Ga. In addition to their use in recognizing this megacraton, these LIP events may also provide likely targets for Cu–Ni–Cr–Co–platinum group element deposits. We suggest that the megacraton DHABASI was an integral part of supercontinents/supercratons through Earth's history, and that it should be utilized as a distinct building block for palaeocontinental reconstructions rather than using the individual Dharwar, Bastar and Singhbhum cratons.
摘要:本文提出了印度地盾中的前寒武纪巨型克拉通DHABASI(由两个或多个古克拉通组成),包括Dharwar、Bastar和Singhbhum克拉通。这一解释主要基于在这三个克拉通中发现的7个大火成岩省(LIPs),年龄在3.35-1.77 Ga之间,至少为1.6 Ga。自1.77 Ga以来没有任何后续的DHABASI分裂表明这个巨型克拉通在过去的3.35 Ga中已经存在。这些LIP事件除了用于识别这个巨中子外,还可能为cu - ni - cr - co -铂族元素矿床提供可能的目标。我们认为DHABASI巨型克拉通是地球历史上超级大陆/超级克拉通的一个组成部分,它应该被用作古大陆重建的一个独特的组成部分,而不是单独使用Dharwar、Bastar和Singhbhum克拉通。
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引用次数: 8
About this title - Seismic Characterization of Carbonate Platforms and Reservoirs 关于本题目——碳酸盐岩台地和储层的地震表征
Pub Date : 2021-07-23 DOI: 10.1144/sp509
J. Hendry, P. Burgess, D. Hunt, X. Janson, V. Zampetti
Modern seismic data have become an essential toolkit for studying carbonate platforms and reservoirs in impressive detail. Whilst driven primarily by oil and gas exploration and development, data sharing and collaboration are delivering fundamental geological knowledge on carbonate systems, revealing platform geomorphologies and how their evolution on millennial time scales, as well as kilometric length scales, was forced by long-term eustatic, oceanographic or tectonic factors. Quantitative interrogation of modern seismic attributes in carbonate reservoirs permits flow units and barriers arising from depositional and diagenetic processes to be imaged and extrapolated between wells. This volume reviews the variety of carbonate platform and reservoir characteristics that can be interpreted from modern seismic data, illustrating the benefits of creative interaction between geophysical and carbonate geological experts at all stages of a seismic campaign. Papers cover carbonate exploration, including the uniquely challenging South Atlantic pre-salt reservoirs, seismic modelling of carbonates, and seismic indicators of fluid flow and diagenesis.
现代地震数据已经成为研究碳酸盐岩平台和储层的重要工具。虽然主要受油气勘探和开发的驱动,但数据共享和协作正在提供有关碳酸盐岩系统的基本地质知识,揭示台地地貌及其在千年时间尺度和公里长度尺度上的演变,以及长期的海平面上升、海洋或构造因素的影响。对碳酸盐岩储层的现代地震属性进行定量分析,可以对沉积和成岩过程产生的流动单元和障碍进行成像,并在井间进行外推。本卷回顾了可以从现代地震数据中解释的各种碳酸盐台地和储层特征,说明了地球物理和碳酸盐地质专家在地震活动的各个阶段之间创造性互动的好处。论文涵盖了碳酸盐岩勘探,包括独特的挑战性南大西洋盐下储层,碳酸盐岩的地震模拟,以及流体流动和成岩作用的地震指标。
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引用次数: 1
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