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Medicina, pravo in družba: sodobne dileme IV最新文献

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Upravljanje podacima i informacijama u zdravstvenim informacijskim sustavima Republike Hrvatske - sigurnost, zaštita i odgovornost
Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.18690/978-961-286-478-1.12
Marija Boban
Every provider of electronic services in the Republic of Croatia as well as in the European union, including healthcare services providers, is exposed to the risk of data and information disclosure on a daily basis. In accordance with the General Data Protection Regulation and the Law on Data and Information in Health of the Republic of Croatia, they must implement technical and organizational measures to increase the level of data protection. The author in this paper emphasizes the methodology of security and data protection and liability in risk management in health information systems by applying international standards, ISO 27799: 2016 in particular in accordance with the applicable legal framework in the field of protection of personal data and information in health care, which ensures a high level of protection, with a clear identification of the liability of supervisory entities in the management of data and information in health care.
克罗地亚共和国和欧洲联盟的每个电子服务提供商,包括医疗保健服务提供商,每天都面临数据和信息泄露的风险。根据《一般数据保护条例》和《克罗地亚共和国健康数据和信息法》,它们必须采取技术和组织措施,提高数据保护水平。本文作者通过应用国际标准ISO 27799,强调了卫生信息系统风险管理中的安全和数据保护和责任方法:2016年,特别是根据医疗保健领域个人数据和信息保护领域的适用法律框架,该框架确保了高水平的保护,并明确确定了监管实体在医疗保健数据和信息管理方面的责任。
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引用次数: 0
Health-Related Activities in Turkish Football Law 土耳其足球法中与健康有关的活动
Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.18690/978-961-286-478-1.14
Yener Ünver, Jocelyne Alayan
Unlawful action cannot be justified even when it is committed in sport or the health field. Although character-wise, both fields are covered by different legal rules, both of them lie under the discipline of law and must be conducted within the rule of law. Theoretically, doping can be considered as fraud, although to this date, no doping actions were incriminated. It is regulated as a disciplinary offense (Turkish Football Federal Disciplinary Directive, art. 61). The usage and possession of drugs by athletes is considered a criminal offense (Turkish Criminal Code, art. 18 & ors.) and a legitimate reason for an athlete’s contract termination. A football player who organizes or uses a counterfeit report concealing a health problem or represents a fraudulent statement to the official authority is considered to have committed a fraud crime (Turkish Criminal Code, art. 24 & ors.) as well as a disciplinary offense (Turkish Football Federal Disciplinary Directive, art. 47-48).
即使在体育或卫生领域采取非法行动,也不能为其辩护。虽然这两个领域的性质不同,但它们都属于法律的范畴,都必须在法治的范围内进行。理论上,兴奋剂可以被认为是欺诈,尽管到目前为止,没有兴奋剂行为被定罪。它被规定为一种违纪行为(土耳其足球联邦纪律指令,第2条)。61)。运动员使用和持有药物被视为刑事犯罪(《土耳其刑法典》第16条)。(18 & ors.)以及运动员终止合同的正当理由。足球运动员组织或使用隐瞒健康问题的伪造报告或向官方当局提供欺诈性陈述的,将被视为犯有诈骗罪(《土耳其刑法》第16条)。24 & ors.)以及违纪行为(《土耳其足球联邦纪律指令》第15条)。47-48)。
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引用次数: 0
Evtanazija skozi prizmo sodne prakse ESČP – večna tabu tema ali kmalu priznana pravica?
Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.18690/978-961-286-478-1.20
Sanja Čahuk, Matej Galič, Jasmina Mitev, Tea Unger, Tim Zupan
Death has been a taboo theme for a pretty long time, however, nowadays it is a topic that occasionally boils out and causes a turbulent reaction in the media. The origin of the concept comes from Greek language, which in translation means "easy death". Euthanasia is most often defined as a patient's execution, with the help of a physician. In most countries, euthanasia is forbidden, but we know the exception of certain countries that they allow to certain limits. Some try to indirectly consolidate euthanasia by alternative approaches such as Palliative care to relieve the patient's pain. However, it is necessary in the light of legal thinking about this topic to open the horizons and look at the moment of death from another point of view. Every individual has the right to life, but does that mean he also has the right to death?
很长一段时间以来,死亡一直是一个禁忌话题,然而,现在这个话题偶尔会爆发,并在媒体上引起动荡的反应。这个概念起源于希腊语,在翻译中意思是“容易死亡”。安乐死通常被定义为病人在医生的帮助下执行死刑。在大多数国家,安乐死是被禁止的,但我们知道某些国家是例外,他们允许某些限制。有些人试图通过其他方法间接巩固安乐死,如缓和治疗,以减轻病人的痛苦。然而,有必要从法律的角度来思考这个问题,打开视野,从另一个角度来看待死亡的时刻。每个人都有生存的权利,但这是否意味着他也有死亡的权利?
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引用次数: 0
Obaveza ljekara na pružanje medicinskih usluga v. prigovor savjesti u medicini
Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.18690/978-961-286-478-1.10
Maja Čolaković, Herzegovina
The patient's right to available and accessible healthcare is correlated with the physician's obligation to provide the appropriate medical services. More recently, in medical practice in several countries, there have been an increasing number of cases where physicians (and other healthcare providers) refuse to provide a specific medical service, referring to their religious and moral beliefs i.e. the right to conscientious objection. Do physicians violate their professional obligation to act for the benefit of the patient and provide the necessary medical services? Does this interfere with the patient's right to self-determination and his other rights? Does this lead to discrimination against patients and indirect imposition of physicians' moral and religious beliefs? These are just several questions raised in theory and practice due to the conscientious objection in medicine. This paper explores the doctrinal and legislative approaches of the right to conscientious objection in medicine in Europe and worldwide.
患者获得现有和可获得的医疗保健的权利与医生提供适当医疗服务的义务是相关的。最近,在一些国家的医疗实践中,医生(和其他保健提供者)以其宗教和道德信仰(即出于良心拒服兵役的权利)为由拒绝提供特定医疗服务的案例越来越多。医生是否违反了他们为病人利益行事和提供必要医疗服务的职业义务?这是否妨碍了病人的自决权和其他权利?这是否会导致对病人的歧视和医生的道德和宗教信仰的间接强加?这些只是由于医学上的良心反对而在理论和实践中提出的几个问题。本文探讨了欧洲和世界范围内医学中良心拒服兵役权的理论和立法途径。
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引用次数: 0
Doping v športu - pravni vidiki v Republiki Sloveniji
Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.18690/978-961-286-478-1.6
Miha Šepec
In the article, the authoress deals with the problem of liability for damages in the health care sector. In Slovenia and comparative law the s. c. classic system still prevails. That is a fault-based compensation system, which is used in all cases of determining liability for damages and therefore does not apply only to health care. However, in some countries, due to the problems caused by the aforementioned systems, they have decided to introduce the s. c. no-guilt damages system. An essential feature of such compensation schemes is the payment of (major) medical damage to the patient, even in cases where the physician's fault is not precisely established. It is mainly about enforcing the principle of protecting the rights of the weaker party (a patient), when interfering with one of his greatest goods (his/her health). This trend is also increasingly present in classic compensation systems: primarily, the rules of civil litigation are being softened.
在该条中,提交人讨论了保健部门的损害赔偿责任问题。在斯洛文尼亚和比较法中,南斯拉夫古典制度仍然盛行。这是一种基于过失的赔偿制度,适用于所有确定损害赔偿责任的案件,因此不仅适用于医疗保健。然而,在一些国家,由于上述制度带来的问题,他们决定引入s.c.无过失损害赔偿制度。这种赔偿方案的一个基本特点是赔偿病人的(重大)医疗损害,即使在医生的过错没有得到确切确定的情况下也是如此。它主要是关于在干涉弱者(病人)最大利益之一(他/她的健康)时,执行保护弱者(病人)权利的原则。这一趋势也越来越多地出现在传统的赔偿制度中:主要是民事诉讼规则正在软化。
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引用次数: 0
Nalezljive bolezni sodobnega časa
Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.18690/978-961-286-478-1.15
Zoran Simonović
Infectious diseases have shaped human history, and they still represent significant public health risks nowadays. As new infectious disease agents emerge, old microbes are evolving and acquiring the possibility for more effective human transmission. Some of them become resistant to medicines and spread to new geographical areas. Sometimes public health measures are implemented suboptimally, which makes spreading easier among the human population. The spread of contagious diseases is facilitated by changes in living conditions, mass gatherings, urbanization, growing international trade, and traveling. The most important infectious diseases, which we have encountered in modern times and were or are still representing global public health threats and public health burden, are malaria, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, influenza, infectious diarrhea, Ebola, MERS, SARS, measles, Zika, West Nile fever, Covid-19 and others. In this article, we describe some epidemiological characteristics of some of these infectious diseases.
传染病塑造了人类历史,如今仍是重大的公共卫生风险。随着新的传染病病原体的出现,旧的微生物正在进化并获得更有效的人类传播的可能性。其中一些对药物产生抗药性并传播到新的地理区域。有时,公共卫生措施的实施不够理想,这使得病毒更容易在人群中传播。生活条件的变化、大规模集会、城市化、日益增长的国际贸易和旅行促进了传染病的传播。近代以来我们遇到的最重要的传染病是疟疾、艾滋病毒/艾滋病、结核病、流感、传染性腹泻、埃博拉、中东呼吸综合征、非典型肺炎、麻疹、寨卡病毒、西尼罗热、新冠肺炎等,它们曾经或仍然构成全球公共卫生威胁和公共卫生负担。在本文中,我们描述了这些传染病的一些流行病学特征。
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引用次数: 0
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Medicina, pravo in družba: sodobne dileme IV
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