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2022 26th International Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing (ICSTCC)最新文献

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Combined MPC and reinforcement learning for traffic signal control in urban traffic networks 结合MPC和强化学习的城市交通网络交通信号控制
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931771
Willemijn Remmerswaal, D. Sun, A. Jamshidnejad, B. Schutter
In general, the performance of model-based controllers cannot be guaranteed under model uncertainties or disturbances, while learning-based controllers require an extensively sufficient training process to perform well. These issues especially hold for large-scale nonlinear systems such as urban traffic networks. In this paper, a new framework is proposed by combining model predictive control (MPC) and reinforcement learning (RL) to provide desired performance for urban traffic networks even during the learning process, despite model uncertainties and disturbances. MPC and RL complement each other very well, since MPC provides a sub-optimal and constraint-satisfying control input while RL provides adaptive control laws and can handle uncertainties and disturbances. The resulting combined framework is applied for traffic signal control (TSC) of an urban traffic network. A case study is carried out to compare the performance of the proposed framework and other baseline controllers. Results show that the proposed combined framework outperforms conventional control methods under system uncertainties, in terms of reducing traffic congestion.
一般来说,基于模型的控制器在模型不确定性或干扰下的性能是无法保证的,而基于学习的控制器需要一个足够广泛的训练过程才能表现良好。这些问题尤其适用于城市交通网络等大规模非线性系统。本文提出了一种结合模型预测控制(MPC)和强化学习(RL)的新框架,即使在模型不确定和干扰的情况下,也能在学习过程中为城市交通网络提供理想的性能。MPC和RL可以很好地互补,因为MPC提供了次优和满足约束的控制输入,而RL提供了自适应控制律,可以处理不确定性和干扰。将所得到的组合框架应用于城市交通网络的交通信号控制。进行了一个案例研究,以比较所提出的框架和其他基准控制器的性能。结果表明,在系统不确定性条件下,该组合框架在减少交通拥堵方面优于传统的控制方法。
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引用次数: 2
System Identification and Process Modelling of Dynamic Systems Using Machine Learning 使用机器学习的动态系统识别和过程建模
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931831
Ravi kiran Inapakurthi, K. Mitra
Nonlinear system identification of complex and nonlinear unit operations and unit processes requires accurate modelling approaches. For this, first-principles based models were initially explored as they enable the causal explanation available among variables. However, the numerical integration issues along with the availability of voluminous data for developing data-based models has resulted in the shift from the conventional modelling approach to Machine Learning (ML) based modelling. In this study, Support Vector Regression (SVR) is used to model complex Industrial Grinding Circuit (IGC). To aid the accurate model requirement in process systems engineering domain, the tunable parameters of SVR are optimized using a novel multi-objective optimization formulation, which helps in minimizing the chances of over-fitting while simultaneously ensuring accurate models for IGC. The formulation is optimized using evolutionary algorithm to track and retain the most accurate models. The Pareto optimal SVR models have a minimum accuracy of 99. 786% and the prediction performance of the best model selected using knee point from the Pareto optimal set is compared with a model selected using arbitrary approach to show the competitiveness of the proposed technique.
复杂和非线性单元操作和单元过程的非线性系统识别需要精确的建模方法。为此,最初探索了基于第一性原理的模型,因为它们使变量之间的因果解释可用。然而,数值积分问题以及用于开发基于数据的模型的大量数据的可用性导致了从传统建模方法向基于机器学习(ML)的建模的转变。本研究采用支持向量回归(SVR)对复杂工业磨削电路(IGC)进行建模。为了满足过程系统工程领域对模型的精确要求,采用一种新颖的多目标优化方法对支持向量回归的可调参数进行优化,在保证模型精确的同时,最大限度地减少了过度拟合的可能性。该配方使用进化算法进行优化,以跟踪和保留最准确的模型。Pareto最优SVR模型的最小精度为99。利用Pareto最优集的膝点选择的最佳模型的预测性能与使用任意方法选择的模型进行了比较,以显示所提出技术的竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal network transmission to minimize state-estimation error and channel usage 优化网络传输以最小化状态估计误差和信道使用
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931801
Sayeh Rezaee, César Nieto, Abhyudai Singh
We consider the problem of transmitting the state value of a dynamical system through a communication network. The dynamics of the error in state estimation is modeled using a stochastic hybrid system formalism, where the error grows exponentially over time. Transmission occurs over the network at specific times to acquire the system's state, and whenever a transmission is triggered, the error is reset to a zero-mean random variable. Our goal is to uncover transmission strategies that minimize a combination of the steady-state error variance and the average number of transmissions per unit of time. We found that a constant Poisson rate of transmission results in a heavy-tailed distribution for the estimation error. Next, we consider a random non-threshold transmission rate that varies as a power law of the error. Finally, we explore a threshold-based rate in which transmission occurs exactly when the error reaches a threshold. Our results show that if the error's variance after transmission is small enough, a threshold-based strategy is the optimal paradigm. On the other hand, if this variance is large, and the error does not grow fast enough, the random non-threshold transmission strategy emerges as optimal. These analytical results are verified by simulations of the stochastic hybrid system.
研究了动态系统状态值在通信网络中的传输问题。状态估计误差的动态采用随机混合系统形式建模,其中误差随时间呈指数增长。传输在特定的时间通过网络进行,以获取系统的状态,每当触发传输时,误差被重置为零均值随机变量。我们的目标是揭示传输策略,使稳态误差方差和每单位时间的平均传输数的组合最小化。我们发现,恒定的泊松传输速率会导致估计误差的重尾分布。接下来,我们考虑一个随机的非阈值传输速率,它随误差的幂律而变化。最后,我们探索了一个基于阈值的速率,在这个速率中,当错误达到阈值时,传输就会发生。我们的研究结果表明,如果传输后的误差方差足够小,基于阈值的策略是最优范式。另一方面,如果该方差较大,且误差增长不够快,则随机无阈值传输策略为最优。这些分析结果通过随机混合系统的仿真得到了验证。
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引用次数: 3
Model Predictive Control of Simulated Moving Bed Chromatographic Processes Using Conservation Element/Solution Element Method 守恒元/溶液元法在模拟移动床色谱过程中的模型预测控制
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931774
Valentin Plamenov Chernev, Lino O. Santos, A. Wouwer, A. Kienle
Simulated moving bed chromatographic (SMB) processes are used for difficult separations in pharmaceutical, biotechnological and petrochemical industries. Due to high sensitivity to disturbances these processes are usually operated in open-loop mode under suboptimal conditions. In the present work, operation of such processes based on the online optimizing model predictive control (MPC) using the full blown chromatographic model is proposed. For the fast and accurate solution of the underlying model described by a system of partial differential algebraic equations, the so-called space-time conservation element/solution method (CE/SE) is used. As an application example, the separation of racemic mixture of bicalutamides, one of which is a valuable active pharmaceutical component, is considered. To evaluate the performance of the controller, reference tracking (change of the purity requirements) and disturbance rejection (change of the composition of the feed mixture) scenarios are simulated. Since there is no plant-model mismatch, the controller is able to follow the change of the reference from complete to reduced purity separation closely. However, the results of the disturbance rejection simulation shows that the controller requires an adaption mechanism in order to efficiently reject the disturbance.
模拟移动床色谱(SMB)过程用于制药,生物技术和石油化工行业的难分离。由于对干扰的高度敏感性,这些过程通常在次优条件下以开环模式运行。本文提出了一种基于全色谱模型在线优化模型预测控制(MPC)的过程控制方法。为了快速准确地求解由偏微分代数方程组描述的底层模型,采用了所谓的时空守恒元/解法(CE/SE)。作为一个应用实例,考虑了比卡鲁胺外消旋混合物的分离,其中比卡鲁胺是一种有价值的活性药物成分。为了评估控制器的性能,模拟了参考跟踪(纯度要求的变化)和干扰抑制(饲料混合物组成的变化)场景。由于不存在植物模型不匹配,控制器能够密切跟踪参考从完全纯度分离到降低纯度分离的变化。然而,干扰抑制仿真结果表明,为了有效地抑制干扰,控制器需要自适应机制。
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引用次数: 0
Vehicle Trajectory Planning for Collision Avoidance with Mobile Obstacles 移动障碍物下车辆避碰轨迹规划
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931808
Ovidiu Pauca, A. Maxim, C. Caruntu
Travelling on crowded roads, vehicles usually move in a dynamic environment where, fixed and mobile obstacles can be detected. This paper proposes a solution for a trajectory planner that can be used to compute paths so that, both fixed and mobile obstacles can be overpassed. The trajectory planner, based on the information from sensors regarding the distance to the other vehicles, computes the time moments when the vehicle has to overpass the obstacles. The generated trajectory is a time function that, based on these time moments, leads the vehicle to avoid a collision with the obstacles. The proposed trajectory planner is tested in three scenarios, where the obstacles are fixed or mobile. The results prove the effectiveness of the proposed trajectory planning solution.
在拥挤的道路上行驶,车辆通常在动态环境中行驶,可以检测到固定和移动障碍物。本文提出了一种轨迹规划器的求解方法,该方法可以用于计算路径,使固定障碍物和移动障碍物都可以越过。轨迹规划器根据传感器提供的与其他车辆的距离信息,计算出车辆必须越过障碍物的时间。生成的轨迹是一个时间函数,基于这些时间矩,引导车辆避免与障碍物碰撞。所提出的轨迹规划器在三种情况下进行了测试,其中障碍物是固定的或移动的。仿真结果证明了所提轨迹规划方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Explainable artificial intelligence for deep learning-based model predictive controllers 基于深度学习的模型预测控制器的可解释人工智能
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931794
Christian Utama, B. Karg, Christian Meske, S. Lucia
Model predictive control (MPC) has been established in a wide range of control applications as the standard approach. But applying MPC requires solving a potentially complex optimization problem online to generate a new control input signal. To avoid the expensive online computations, deep learning-based MPC has been developed, in which neural networks imitate the behavior of the MPC. When such a data-driven approximate controller is derived, there is no straightforward way to trace the reasons for its proposed actions back to its inputs, hence making the controller a black-box model. In this paper, we propose the use of SHAP, an explainable artifical intelligence technique, to generate insights from learning-based MPC for the purpose of model debugging and simplification. Our results show that SHAP can explain general control behaviors and can also support model simplification in an informed way, representing a better alternative to dimensionality reduction techniques such as principal component analysis.
模型预测控制(MPC)作为一种标准控制方法已经在广泛的控制应用中得到了应用。但是应用MPC需要在线解决一个潜在的复杂优化问题来生成一个新的控制输入信号。为了避免昂贵的在线计算,基于深度学习的MPC被开发出来,其中神经网络模仿MPC的行为。当导出这样一个数据驱动的近似控制器时,没有直接的方法将其所建议的动作的原因追溯到其输入,因此使控制器成为一个黑盒模型。在本文中,我们建议使用SHAP,一种可解释的人工智能技术,从基于学习的MPC中产生见解,用于模型调试和简化。我们的研究结果表明,SHAP可以解释一般的控制行为,也可以以知情的方式支持模型简化,代表了主成分分析等降维技术的更好替代方案。
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引用次数: 0
Chen-Fliess Series for Linear Distributed Systems with One Spatial Dimension 一维线性分布系统的Chen-Fliess级数
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931853
Natalie Pham, W. Gray
Given a smooth finite-dimensional state space system which is linear in the input, its input-output map can be represented by a Chen-Fliess series, namely, a weighted sum of iterated integrals of the input's component functions. The objective of this paper is to propose a generalized notion of a Chen- Fliess series for infinite-dimensional systems. The basic idea is to replace the real field of series coefficients with a ring of linear operators which act on the iterated integrals. The specific goals are to provide sufficient conditions for convergence of this generalized series and to exercise the theory on two specific examples: the transport equation and second-order hyperbolic partial differential equations. It will be shown in these examples that the generalized Chen-Fliess series under suitable conditions yields solutions that converge pointwise to the known classical solutions.
给定一个输入为线性的光滑有限维状态空间系统,其输入-输出映射可以用Chen-Fliess级数表示,即输入各分量函数迭代积分的加权和。本文的目的是提出无限维系统的Chen- Fliess级数的一个广义概念。其基本思想是将级数系数的实域替换为作用于迭代积分的线性算子环。具体目标是提供该广义级数收敛的充分条件,并在两个具体例子上应用该理论:输运方程和二阶双曲型偏微分方程。这些例子表明,在适当的条件下,广义Chen-Fliess级数的解点向收敛于已知的经典解。
{"title":"Chen-Fliess Series for Linear Distributed Systems with One Spatial Dimension","authors":"Natalie Pham, W. Gray","doi":"10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931853","url":null,"abstract":"Given a smooth finite-dimensional state space system which is linear in the input, its input-output map can be represented by a Chen-Fliess series, namely, a weighted sum of iterated integrals of the input's component functions. The objective of this paper is to propose a generalized notion of a Chen- Fliess series for infinite-dimensional systems. The basic idea is to replace the real field of series coefficients with a ring of linear operators which act on the iterated integrals. The specific goals are to provide sufficient conditions for convergence of this generalized series and to exercise the theory on two specific examples: the transport equation and second-order hyperbolic partial differential equations. It will be shown in these examples that the generalized Chen-Fliess series under suitable conditions yields solutions that converge pointwise to the known classical solutions.","PeriodicalId":220845,"journal":{"name":"2022 26th International Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing (ICSTCC)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114347144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Distributing Co-safe LTL Specifications to Mobile Robots 向移动机器人分发共同安全LTL规范
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931878
Ioana Hustiu, C. Mahulea, M. Kloetzer
This work considers the problem of decomposing a global motion specification given to a team of robots into parts that can be individually followed by agents, without any need of communication among them. The specification is given as a co-safe Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formula over some regions of interest from a known and static environment. The main contribution is an algorithmic method for distributing the specification, while identifying necessary sequencing relations among some regions to be visited. Each of these sequences has to be assigned to a robot, and the concurrent movement of the agents accomplishes the global imposed mission.
这项工作考虑了将给定给机器人团队的全局运动规范分解成各个部分的问题,这些部分可以由代理单独遵循,而不需要它们之间的任何通信。该规范是作为已知静态环境中某些感兴趣区域的共同安全线性时序逻辑(LTL)公式给出的。主要贡献是一种算法方法来分配规范,同时在一些要访问的区域之间确定必要的排序关系。这些序列中的每一个都必须分配给一个机器人,并且代理的并发运动完成全局强加的任务。
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引用次数: 2
Parking facility management solution based on dynamic traffic distribution 基于动态交通分布的停车设施管理解决方案
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931862
Florin Sandru, Vlad-Ilie Ungureanu, I. Silea
The storage of vehicles, while they are not in operation, is one of the main challenges that infrastructure providers need to handle. The growth of personal vehicle ownership is directly impacting the demand for parking solutions, especially near areas of high interest. While an increase in capacity will require structural changes to the facilities themselves, a change in the mode the facility is used is easier to achieve. The way traffic is distributed among its area can decrease the downtime a parking resource is available and or the environmental footprint of its usage. The following paper presents a solution based on a mechanism traditionally used for distributing work among computing resources and its necessities for deployment. The presented solution provides minimal functionality even if data sources are unavailable thus allowing permanent service availability.
在车辆未运行时,车辆的存储是基础设施提供商需要应对的主要挑战之一。个人车辆拥有量的增长直接影响了对停车解决方案的需求,特别是在高兴趣区域附近。虽然能力的增加需要对设施本身进行结构上的改变,但改变设施的使用方式更容易实现。交通在其区域内分布的方式可以减少停车资源可用的停机时间或其使用的环境足迹。下面的文章提出了一种解决方案,该解决方案基于传统上用于在计算资源之间分配工作的机制及其部署的必要性。所提供的解决方案即使在数据源不可用的情况下也提供了最小的功能,从而允许永久的服务可用性。
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引用次数: 0
Least squares moment matching-based model reduction using convex optimization 基于最小二乘矩匹配的凸优化模型约简
Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931837
T. Ionescu, Lahcen El Bourkhissi, I. Necoara
In this paper, we study the problem of time-domain least squares moment matching-based model order reduction of linear systems. We first present the definition and the charac-terization of a model of order $r$ matching $rll nu$ moments of the given system. We then present the associated least squares moment matching problem in the form of a (nonconvex) optimization problem. Different from the existing results, we leave the interpolation points as decision variables and obtain an optimization problem with bilinear cost and constraints. The solution of the nonlinear least squares model reduction problem is computed at the optimal interpolation points using the efficient sequential convex programming algorithm. The proposed approach has practical advantages, since powerful convex optimization solvers, such as CVX, can be used to solve iteratively the optimization problem. A numerical example is given to illustrate the efficiency of our approach.
本文研究了基于时域最小二乘矩匹配的线性系统模型降阶问题。我们首先给出了与给定系统的$rll nu$矩匹配的$r阶模型的定义和表征。然后,我们以(非凸)优化问题的形式提出了相关的最小二乘矩匹配问题。与已有结果不同,我们将插值点作为决策变量,得到了一个具有双线性代价和约束的优化问题。利用高效的序贯凸规划算法求解非线性最小二乘模型约简问题的最优插值点。该方法具有实用的优点,因为可以使用强大的凸优化求解器(如CVX)来迭代求解优化问题。算例说明了该方法的有效性。
{"title":"Least squares moment matching-based model reduction using convex optimization","authors":"T. Ionescu, Lahcen El Bourkhissi, I. Necoara","doi":"10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSTCC55426.2022.9931837","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the problem of time-domain least squares moment matching-based model order reduction of linear systems. We first present the definition and the charac-terization of a model of order $r$ matching $rll nu$ moments of the given system. We then present the associated least squares moment matching problem in the form of a (nonconvex) optimization problem. Different from the existing results, we leave the interpolation points as decision variables and obtain an optimization problem with bilinear cost and constraints. The solution of the nonlinear least squares model reduction problem is computed at the optimal interpolation points using the efficient sequential convex programming algorithm. The proposed approach has practical advantages, since powerful convex optimization solvers, such as CVX, can be used to solve iteratively the optimization problem. A numerical example is given to illustrate the efficiency of our approach.","PeriodicalId":220845,"journal":{"name":"2022 26th International Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing (ICSTCC)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133781170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
2022 26th International Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing (ICSTCC)
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