Green and sustainable chemistry education provides opportunities to comprehend and base chemistry knowledge on relevant social and historical contexts, reflecting on fairer and sustainable realities. For this purpose, this work discusses the possibilities and challenges observed during a chemistry teacher training course at a Brazilian university, analyzing how the undergraduates utilized the formative experiences provided by the discipline and how they reinterpreted them when developing didactic sequences based on socio-scientific issues. Using discursive textual analysis, we studied the self-assessments and the didactic sequences produced. The activities developed were positively evaluated by the students and provided the opportunity to create didactic sequences with potential application in schools, founded on cooperative and democratic dynamics and topics that were locally important. On the other hand, the students had some difficulties including chemistry content, mainly considering their relationship with the topics addressed. However, the process proved to be fundamental for the students to perceive themselves as teachers, in addition to provoking them toward (re)constructions and other possibilities.
{"title":"Green and Sustainable Chemistry Teacher Education: Experiences from a Brazilian University","authors":"Caroindes J. C. Gomes, Vânia G. Zuin Zeidler","doi":"10.3390/suschem4030020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4030020","url":null,"abstract":"Green and sustainable chemistry education provides opportunities to comprehend and base chemistry knowledge on relevant social and historical contexts, reflecting on fairer and sustainable realities. For this purpose, this work discusses the possibilities and challenges observed during a chemistry teacher training course at a Brazilian university, analyzing how the undergraduates utilized the formative experiences provided by the discipline and how they reinterpreted them when developing didactic sequences based on socio-scientific issues. Using discursive textual analysis, we studied the self-assessments and the didactic sequences produced. The activities developed were positively evaluated by the students and provided the opportunity to create didactic sequences with potential application in schools, founded on cooperative and democratic dynamics and topics that were locally important. On the other hand, the students had some difficulties including chemistry content, mainly considering their relationship with the topics addressed. However, the process proved to be fundamental for the students to perceive themselves as teachers, in addition to provoking them toward (re)constructions and other possibilities.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90624894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sumalatha Bonthula, S. Bonthula, Ramyakrishna Pothu, R. Srivastava, Rajender Boddula, A. B. Radwan, N. Al-Qahtani
In recent years, copper-based nanomaterials have gained significant attention for their practical applications due to their cost-effectiveness, thermal stability, selectivity, high activity, and wide availability. This review focuses on the synthesis and extensive applications of copper nanomaterials in environmental catalysis, addressing knowledge gaps in pollution management. It highlights recent advancements in using copper-based nanomaterials for the remediation of heavy metals, organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, and other contaminants. Also, it will be helpful to young researchers in improving the suitability of implementing copper-based nanomaterials correctly to establish and achieve sustainable goals for environmental remediation.
{"title":"Recent Advances in Copper-Based Materials for Sustainable Environmental Applications","authors":"Sumalatha Bonthula, S. Bonthula, Ramyakrishna Pothu, R. Srivastava, Rajender Boddula, A. B. Radwan, N. Al-Qahtani","doi":"10.3390/suschem4030019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4030019","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, copper-based nanomaterials have gained significant attention for their practical applications due to their cost-effectiveness, thermal stability, selectivity, high activity, and wide availability. This review focuses on the synthesis and extensive applications of copper nanomaterials in environmental catalysis, addressing knowledge gaps in pollution management. It highlights recent advancements in using copper-based nanomaterials for the remediation of heavy metals, organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, and other contaminants. Also, it will be helpful to young researchers in improving the suitability of implementing copper-based nanomaterials correctly to establish and achieve sustainable goals for environmental remediation.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86261990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuliya Logvina, Sónia Fernandes, Luís Pinto da Silva, J. E. da Silva
A sustainable matrix based on eucalyptol essential oil/sawdust was developed and applied on laminated plywood. This finish aims to serve as a eucalyptol odor slow release. Eucalyptol odor release was monitored with gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID: Limits of Detection and Quantification of 0.70 g/m3 and 2.11 g/m3, respectively, and with linearity up to 18.6 g/m3). Measurement of the eucalyptol odor released was performed during a six-month period, and it was found that the release followed a first-order exponential decay with a decay rate constant of 0.0169 per day. The half-life was determined to be of 48 days. The granulometry and particle size porosity of sawdust were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. A sawdust size fraction of 112–200 μm showed the best eucalyptol absorption capacity, with 1:3 masses ratio (sawdust:eucalyptol). The release duration of eucalyptol is influenced by the quantity of the eucalyptol–sawdust composite and the aperture size for release. Through the determination of this relationship, it was found that applying 15.0 g of the composite through a 0.8 mm diameter aperture resulted in a 6-month eucalyptol release period. This outcome is regarded as highly favorable, considering the inherent high volatility of eucalyptol and the relatively small amount of composite required for future product applications. The new product is characterized by a carbon footprint (considering the industry frontiers) of 5.94 kg CO2eq/m2 of plywood floor.
{"title":"Sustainable Sawdust/Eucalyptol Absorption Matrix for Odor Slow-Release in Plywood Floor","authors":"Yuliya Logvina, Sónia Fernandes, Luís Pinto da Silva, J. E. da Silva","doi":"10.3390/suschem4030018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4030018","url":null,"abstract":"A sustainable matrix based on eucalyptol essential oil/sawdust was developed and applied on laminated plywood. This finish aims to serve as a eucalyptol odor slow release. Eucalyptol odor release was monitored with gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID: Limits of Detection and Quantification of 0.70 g/m3 and 2.11 g/m3, respectively, and with linearity up to 18.6 g/m3). Measurement of the eucalyptol odor released was performed during a six-month period, and it was found that the release followed a first-order exponential decay with a decay rate constant of 0.0169 per day. The half-life was determined to be of 48 days. The granulometry and particle size porosity of sawdust were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. A sawdust size fraction of 112–200 μm showed the best eucalyptol absorption capacity, with 1:3 masses ratio (sawdust:eucalyptol). The release duration of eucalyptol is influenced by the quantity of the eucalyptol–sawdust composite and the aperture size for release. Through the determination of this relationship, it was found that applying 15.0 g of the composite through a 0.8 mm diameter aperture resulted in a 6-month eucalyptol release period. This outcome is regarded as highly favorable, considering the inherent high volatility of eucalyptol and the relatively small amount of composite required for future product applications. The new product is characterized by a carbon footprint (considering the industry frontiers) of 5.94 kg CO2eq/m2 of plywood floor.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77794924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renuka Singh, Seema Gupta, M. K. Bharty, C. Tripathi, D. Guin
In this paper, we illustrate the synthesis, characterization, and application of a Bovine Serum Albumin-stabilized copper nanocluster (BSA@CuNCs)-based photoluminescence (PL) bifunctional sensor for the selective and rapid sensing of picric acid (PA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Blue-emitting copper nanoclusters were synthesized using one-pot synthesis at room temperature. The PL intensity of BSA@CuNCs was shown to be quenched (“Turn-off”) with an increase in the concentration of PA and intensified (“Turn-on”) with the addition of H2O2. The quenching of PL intensity of BSA@CuNCs was shown to be extremely selective and rapid towards PA. A linear decrease in the PL emission intensity of BSA@CuNCs was observed with a PA concentration in the range of 0–15 μM. An extremely low detection limit of 60 nM (3σ/k) was calculated. The as-prepared BSA@CuNCs also exhibited superior selectivity for PA detection in aqueous medium. The developed sensor was also utilized for the sensing of PA in natural water samples. The probe was found to be extremely sensitive towards the detection of H2O2. An increase in the PL intensity of BSA@CuNCs was seen with the addition of H2O2, with a detection limit of 0.11 μM.
{"title":"Photoluminescent Copper Nanoclusters in “Turn-Off/Turn-On” Sensing of Picric Acid/Hydrogen Peroxide","authors":"Renuka Singh, Seema Gupta, M. K. Bharty, C. Tripathi, D. Guin","doi":"10.3390/suschem4020017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4020017","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we illustrate the synthesis, characterization, and application of a Bovine Serum Albumin-stabilized copper nanocluster (BSA@CuNCs)-based photoluminescence (PL) bifunctional sensor for the selective and rapid sensing of picric acid (PA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Blue-emitting copper nanoclusters were synthesized using one-pot synthesis at room temperature. The PL intensity of BSA@CuNCs was shown to be quenched (“Turn-off”) with an increase in the concentration of PA and intensified (“Turn-on”) with the addition of H2O2. The quenching of PL intensity of BSA@CuNCs was shown to be extremely selective and rapid towards PA. A linear decrease in the PL emission intensity of BSA@CuNCs was observed with a PA concentration in the range of 0–15 μM. An extremely low detection limit of 60 nM (3σ/k) was calculated. The as-prepared BSA@CuNCs also exhibited superior selectivity for PA detection in aqueous medium. The developed sensor was also utilized for the sensing of PA in natural water samples. The probe was found to be extremely sensitive towards the detection of H2O2. An increase in the PL intensity of BSA@CuNCs was seen with the addition of H2O2, with a detection limit of 0.11 μM.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90655781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water pollution caused by emerging contaminants such as pharmaceutical compounds is a growing problem worldwide. In this reported work, graphene oxide (GO) was directly used to remove an antihistamine drug, cetirizine. GO was prepared from graphite using a modified Hummer’s method and was characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), field scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), etc. GO was demonstrated to be a highly efficient adsorbent for removing cetirizine from an aqueous solution. The adsorption of cetirizine on GO at various pH levels showed that in acidic pH with the adsorption shows faster kinetics and complete removal of cetirizine within 10 min, followed by neutral pH, which showed relatively slower kinetics but complete removal of cetirizine. However, at basic pH, GO could not completely remove cetirizine after 24 h. At a neutral pH, GO showed maximum adsorption of 81.30 mg g−1 of cetirizine. The adsorption isotherm results showed good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm. The BET surface area analysis showed the presence of mesoporosity in GO. In addition, the BET analysis further revealed a type IV isotherm curve being followed. A plausible mechanism is also discussed in the paper. The recyclability experiment demonstrates an adsorption efficiency of 85% after four cycles. The thermodynamic study reveals that adsorption is thermodynamically less favorable at higher temperatures. Hence, the current study successfully demonstrates the use of GO as an efficient adsorbent in removing cetirizine. It also studies the various factors and interactions affecting adsorption. Thus, this study sheds light on the adsorption characteristics of cetirizine on graphene oxide.
{"title":"Adsorption Characteristics of Cetirizine on Graphene Oxide","authors":"Tuhin Bhattacharjee, Arnab Bhattacharjee, Deepmoni Deka, Mihir Kumar Purkait, Devasish Chowdhury, Gitanjali Majumdar","doi":"10.3390/suschem4020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4020016","url":null,"abstract":"Water pollution caused by emerging contaminants such as pharmaceutical compounds is a growing problem worldwide. In this reported work, graphene oxide (GO) was directly used to remove an antihistamine drug, cetirizine. GO was prepared from graphite using a modified Hummer’s method and was characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), field scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), etc. GO was demonstrated to be a highly efficient adsorbent for removing cetirizine from an aqueous solution. The adsorption of cetirizine on GO at various pH levels showed that in acidic pH with the adsorption shows faster kinetics and complete removal of cetirizine within 10 min, followed by neutral pH, which showed relatively slower kinetics but complete removal of cetirizine. However, at basic pH, GO could not completely remove cetirizine after 24 h. At a neutral pH, GO showed maximum adsorption of 81.30 mg g−1 of cetirizine. The adsorption isotherm results showed good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm. The BET surface area analysis showed the presence of mesoporosity in GO. In addition, the BET analysis further revealed a type IV isotherm curve being followed. A plausible mechanism is also discussed in the paper. The recyclability experiment demonstrates an adsorption efficiency of 85% after four cycles. The thermodynamic study reveals that adsorption is thermodynamically less favorable at higher temperatures. Hence, the current study successfully demonstrates the use of GO as an efficient adsorbent in removing cetirizine. It also studies the various factors and interactions affecting adsorption. Thus, this study sheds light on the adsorption characteristics of cetirizine on graphene oxide.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135643223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abygail Camacho Ramirez, M. Meléndez-Zamudio, Antonio Guerra Contreras, M. Brook
Highly efficient silicone surfactants are typically based on polyether hydrophiles. As part of a program to increase the natural content of silicones, we describe the synthesis of silicone surfactants with amino acid hydrophiles (cysteine, arginine, and lysine). The compounds were prepared using a radial thiol–ene reaction with vinylsilicones for cysteine derivatives and a catalyst-free aza-Michael reaction with arginine and lysine. Short chain surfactants with silicone monomer:hydrophile ratios of 5:1 or less (e.g., telechelic silicones of lysine-linker-(Me2OSi)n-linker-lysine n = 10) were ineffective at stabilizing emulsions of silicone oil (D4): water. However, excellent surfactants were realized as the chain length (n) increased to 25 or 50, stabilizing water-in-oil emulsions with high water content (80% or 90%). The surfactants, especially the longer chain compounds, were stable against pH except <4 or >9 and survived freeze/thaw cycles. These surfactants contain 12–25% natural materials, improving their sustainability compared to those containing synthetic hydrophiles.
{"title":"Lysine-Based Silicone Surfactants","authors":"Abygail Camacho Ramirez, M. Meléndez-Zamudio, Antonio Guerra Contreras, M. Brook","doi":"10.3390/suschem4020015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4020015","url":null,"abstract":"Highly efficient silicone surfactants are typically based on polyether hydrophiles. As part of a program to increase the natural content of silicones, we describe the synthesis of silicone surfactants with amino acid hydrophiles (cysteine, arginine, and lysine). The compounds were prepared using a radial thiol–ene reaction with vinylsilicones for cysteine derivatives and a catalyst-free aza-Michael reaction with arginine and lysine. Short chain surfactants with silicone monomer:hydrophile ratios of 5:1 or less (e.g., telechelic silicones of lysine-linker-(Me2OSi)n-linker-lysine n = 10) were ineffective at stabilizing emulsions of silicone oil (D4): water. However, excellent surfactants were realized as the chain length (n) increased to 25 or 50, stabilizing water-in-oil emulsions with high water content (80% or 90%). The surfactants, especially the longer chain compounds, were stable against pH except <4 or >9 and survived freeze/thaw cycles. These surfactants contain 12–25% natural materials, improving their sustainability compared to those containing synthetic hydrophiles.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80581772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Green chemistry and engineering encourage the usage of renewable sources, in replacement fossil fuels. The sector of bio-based products is one of the most predominant examples of such replacements in different fields. However, the impact of biomasses usage is far from being negligible or net zero. A life cycle perspective is required in order to assess all the different environmental impacts related to biomass exploitation and usage, in particular when dedicated sources are used. This study points out the importance of including the results of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) early in the design of new bio-based products, to identify the stage of the value chain with the greatest hotspots and set proper eco-design strategies. At the same time, the use of the LCA results may support purchasing activities through comparing products with different burdens. In this manuscript, a focus on land compartment is carried out, given its relevance to the cultivation phase. Five analysis methods are selected for further description. Three are classified as multi-impact approach methodologies (ReCiPe 2016, IMPACT World + and EF 3.0) since they are able to translate mass and energy balances into several impact categories at the same time, not only those on land comparts which are also included. In addition, the LANCA® model and the True pricing method for agri-food products are discussed, underlining the importance of their usage when a detailed review of the impact on soil is necessary (e.g., during an environmental impact assessment). They are compared in this paper, underlining the main differences and potential fields of application.
绿色化学和工程鼓励使用可再生能源来替代化石燃料。生物基产品部门是这类替代品在不同领域的最主要例子之一。然而，使用生物质的影响远非可以忽略不计或净为零。需要从生命周期的角度来评估与生物质的开发和使用有关的所有不同的环境影响，特别是在使用专用来源时。本研究指出，在新生物基产品的设计早期纳入生命周期评估(LCA)的结果，对于识别价值链中最大热点阶段并制定适当的生态设计策略具有重要意义。同时，LCA结果的使用可以通过比较不同负担的产品来支持采购活动。在这份手稿中，考虑到其与耕作阶段的相关性，对土地隔间进行了关注。选择五种分析方法进行进一步描述。其中三种方法被归类为多影响方法(ReCiPe 2016, IMPACT World +和EF 3.0)，因为它们能够同时将质量和能量平衡转化为几个影响类别，而不仅仅是包括土地比较。此外，还讨论了农业食品的LANCA®模型和True定价方法，强调了在需要详细审查对土壤的影响时(例如，在环境影响评估期间)使用它们的重要性。本文对它们进行了比较，强调了它们的主要区别和潜在的应用领域。
{"title":"Bio-Based Chemicals from Dedicated or Waste Biomasses: Life Cycle Assessment for Evaluating the Impacts on Land","authors":"D. Cespi","doi":"10.3390/suschem4020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4020014","url":null,"abstract":"Green chemistry and engineering encourage the usage of renewable sources, in replacement fossil fuels. The sector of bio-based products is one of the most predominant examples of such replacements in different fields. However, the impact of biomasses usage is far from being negligible or net zero. A life cycle perspective is required in order to assess all the different environmental impacts related to biomass exploitation and usage, in particular when dedicated sources are used. This study points out the importance of including the results of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) early in the design of new bio-based products, to identify the stage of the value chain with the greatest hotspots and set proper eco-design strategies. At the same time, the use of the LCA results may support purchasing activities through comparing products with different burdens. In this manuscript, a focus on land compartment is carried out, given its relevance to the cultivation phase. Five analysis methods are selected for further description. Three are classified as multi-impact approach methodologies (ReCiPe 2016, IMPACT World + and EF 3.0) since they are able to translate mass and energy balances into several impact categories at the same time, not only those on land comparts which are also included. In addition, the LANCA® model and the True pricing method for agri-food products are discussed, underlining the importance of their usage when a detailed review of the impact on soil is necessary (e.g., during an environmental impact assessment). They are compared in this paper, underlining the main differences and potential fields of application.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87330531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hassan El Itawi, S. Fadlallah, P. Perré, F. Allais
The microfluidic production of simple (microspheres) and core–shell (microcapsules) polymer microparticles, often called microencapsulation, has been the scope of several research works since the 1980s. It is a fast, thrifty, and efficient process because of its controlled properties, tuneability, and yield, which can reach 100%. However, the question of its greenness, sustainability, and scalability remains unclear, and more awareness/education is required in this field. The sustainability of production processes using microfluidic techniques can be realized/discussed based on three pillars: (i) waste generation, (ii) the solvents employed, and (iii) raw materials. On the other hand, although the scaling-up of these processes was reported on in several papers as procedures in which hundreds or thousands of microfluidic chips are set in parallel, the sustainability of this scale-up has not been addressed to our knowledge. This opinion paper highlights the advantages of microfluidic encapsulation processes, their greenness according to the above-mentioned pillars, (i–iii) and the necessary considerations to scale them up while preserving their sustainability.
{"title":"Microfluidics for Polymer Microparticles: Opinion on Sustainability and Scalability","authors":"Hassan El Itawi, S. Fadlallah, P. Perré, F. Allais","doi":"10.3390/suschem4020013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4020013","url":null,"abstract":"The microfluidic production of simple (microspheres) and core–shell (microcapsules) polymer microparticles, often called microencapsulation, has been the scope of several research works since the 1980s. It is a fast, thrifty, and efficient process because of its controlled properties, tuneability, and yield, which can reach 100%. However, the question of its greenness, sustainability, and scalability remains unclear, and more awareness/education is required in this field. The sustainability of production processes using microfluidic techniques can be realized/discussed based on three pillars: (i) waste generation, (ii) the solvents employed, and (iii) raw materials. On the other hand, although the scaling-up of these processes was reported on in several papers as procedures in which hundreds or thousands of microfluidic chips are set in parallel, the sustainability of this scale-up has not been addressed to our knowledge. This opinion paper highlights the advantages of microfluidic encapsulation processes, their greenness according to the above-mentioned pillars, (i–iii) and the necessary considerations to scale them up while preserving their sustainability.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76305974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Montes, D. Valor, C. Pereyra, E. Martínez de la Ossa
The objective of this work was evaluation of the supercritical antisolvent extraction (SAE) process to generate microparticles with antioxidant activity from Moringa leaves. A biodegradable polymer was used as an inductor of particle precipitation. An ethanolic extract of 25 mg/mL was used in the SAE process, during which the influences of pressure (100–200 bar), temperature (35–55 °C) and extract–polymer ratio (0.11–0.33) on particle size and antioxidant activity were evaluated. An extract flow rate of 3 mL/min, a supercritical CO2 (scCO2) flow rate of 30 g CO2/min and a nozzle diameter of 100 µm were kept constant. The identification of several compounds of Moringa leaves, namely, coumaric acid and quercetin 3D glucoside, were determined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activity of the extract and the precipitates was measured with 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Spherical microparticles with diameters in the range of 2–5 µm were obtained, with moderate antioxidant activity.
研究了超临界抗溶剂萃取工艺制备辣木叶抗氧化微颗粒的工艺条件。采用可生物降解聚合物作为颗粒沉淀的诱导剂。采用25 mg/mL乙醇提取物，考察了压力(100-200 bar)、温度(35-55℃)和提取物-聚合物比(0.11-0.33)对提取物粒径和抗氧化活性的影响。提取液流速为3 mL/min，超临界CO2 (scCO2)流速为30 g CO2/min，喷嘴直径为100µm。采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术对辣木叶中香豆酸和槲皮素3D糖苷进行了鉴定。用2,2-二苯基-1-苦味酰肼测定了提取物和沉淀物的抗氧化活性。得到了直径在2-5µm范围内的球形微颗粒，具有中等的抗氧化活性。
{"title":"Generation of Spherical Microparticles of Moringa Leaves through a Supercritical Antisolvent Extraction Process","authors":"A. Montes, D. Valor, C. Pereyra, E. Martínez de la Ossa","doi":"10.3390/suschem4020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4020011","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was evaluation of the supercritical antisolvent extraction (SAE) process to generate microparticles with antioxidant activity from Moringa leaves. A biodegradable polymer was used as an inductor of particle precipitation. An ethanolic extract of 25 mg/mL was used in the SAE process, during which the influences of pressure (100–200 bar), temperature (35–55 °C) and extract–polymer ratio (0.11–0.33) on particle size and antioxidant activity were evaluated. An extract flow rate of 3 mL/min, a supercritical CO2 (scCO2) flow rate of 30 g CO2/min and a nozzle diameter of 100 µm were kept constant. The identification of several compounds of Moringa leaves, namely, coumaric acid and quercetin 3D glucoside, were determined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The antioxidant activity of the extract and the precipitates was measured with 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Spherical microparticles with diameters in the range of 2–5 µm were obtained, with moderate antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79597234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roxana A. Milescu, Thomas J. Farmer, James Sherwood, Con R. McElroy, James H. Clark
Graffiti can create detrimental aesthetic and environmental damage to city infrastructure and cultural heritage and requires improved removal methods. Incumbent laser, mechanical and chemical removal techniques are often not effective, are expensive or damage the substrate. Solvents are generally hazardous and not always effective because of the insolubility of the graffiti paint. This study proposes a simple strategy for safe and effective graffiti removal, using the bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable solvent dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene™). The results showed that the type of substrate influenced the cleaning performance; in benchmark studies a non-porous substrate was easy to clean, while porous ceramic showed the presence of residual paint and yellowing when the conventional polar aprotic solvents were used. Cyrene, however, showed good removability of graffiti paint from both glazed and porous substrates, with little paint remaining in the pores of ceramic tiles. The paint suffered a reversible change in colour and a selective solubility of its components when using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; no changes occurred when Cyrene was used. While N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and N,N′-dimethylformamide were only effective when neat, a Cyrene–water mixture showed some cleaning results. The performance of Cyrene was validated with Hansen solubility parameters and represents a greener and more sustainable solvent for paint removal.
{"title":"Cyrene™, a Sustainable Solution for Graffiti Paint Removal","authors":"Roxana A. Milescu, Thomas J. Farmer, James Sherwood, Con R. McElroy, James H. Clark","doi":"10.3390/suschem4020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem4020012","url":null,"abstract":"Graffiti can create detrimental aesthetic and environmental damage to city infrastructure and cultural heritage and requires improved removal methods. Incumbent laser, mechanical and chemical removal techniques are often not effective, are expensive or damage the substrate. Solvents are generally hazardous and not always effective because of the insolubility of the graffiti paint. This study proposes a simple strategy for safe and effective graffiti removal, using the bio-based, non-toxic and biodegradable solvent dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene™). The results showed that the type of substrate influenced the cleaning performance; in benchmark studies a non-porous substrate was easy to clean, while porous ceramic showed the presence of residual paint and yellowing when the conventional polar aprotic solvents were used. Cyrene, however, showed good removability of graffiti paint from both glazed and porous substrates, with little paint remaining in the pores of ceramic tiles. The paint suffered a reversible change in colour and a selective solubility of its components when using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; no changes occurred when Cyrene was used. While N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and N,N′-dimethylformamide were only effective when neat, a Cyrene–water mixture showed some cleaning results. The performance of Cyrene was validated with Hansen solubility parameters and represents a greener and more sustainable solvent for paint removal.","PeriodicalId":22103,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135822131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：