Kanaram Choupra, Ashish Kumar Aheer, A. Dandia, Meenakshi Jain, Amit Sharma
The extensive usefulness of N-heterocycles as potent bioactive motifs has attracted researchers to expand newer methods for their efficient synthesis. Particularly, indoles are widely known for their prevalent pharmacological properties. Green chemistry provides various facile synthetic tools viz. alternative energy resources, nonconventional solvents, nano-catalysts, etc. Modern strategies of using ultrasound waves as alternative energy resource in organic synthesis lead to the development of environment friendly and cost effective techniques. The chemical and mechanical effects of ultrasound waves impart significant enhancement in both stoichiometric and catalytic reactions. The exclusive physicochemical properties of water offer its widespread utility for carrying out organic reactions in it. The aim of this review article is to provide an inclusive summary of combined use of ultrasound and aqueous media for the facile synthesis of biologically vital indole derivatives.
{"title":"Recent Developments in Ultrasound-Promoted Aqueous-Mediated Greener Synthesis of Biologically Vital Indole Derivatives","authors":"Kanaram Choupra, Ashish Kumar Aheer, A. Dandia, Meenakshi Jain, Amit Sharma","doi":"10.1055/a-2081-9249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2081-9249","url":null,"abstract":"The extensive usefulness of N-heterocycles as potent bioactive motifs has attracted researchers to expand newer methods for their efficient synthesis. Particularly, indoles are widely known for their prevalent pharmacological properties. Green chemistry provides various facile synthetic tools viz. alternative energy resources, nonconventional solvents, nano-catalysts, etc. Modern strategies of using ultrasound waves as alternative energy resource in organic synthesis lead to the development of environment friendly and cost effective techniques. The chemical and mechanical effects of ultrasound waves impart significant enhancement in both stoichiometric and catalytic reactions. The exclusive physicochemical properties of water offer its widespread utility for carrying out organic reactions in it. The aim of this review article is to provide an inclusive summary of combined use of ultrasound and aqueous media for the facile synthesis of biologically vital indole derivatives.","PeriodicalId":22135,"journal":{"name":"SynOpen","volume":"07 1","pages":"243 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43994769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ethyl diazoacetate (EDA) is a very important reagent for different types of organic reactions. It can be used to synthesize cyclopropanes, cyclopropenes, triazoles and pyrazolines, and also for cycloaddition reactions, reactions involving transition metals, olefinations of aldehydes, when it is necessary to introduce an ester group in the molecule scaffold, and in processes like continuous flow methods. In summary, EDA is a first-choice reagent for many organic chemists in their daily reactions.
{"title":"Ethyl Diazoacetate","authors":"G. Aquino, F. Silva-Jr, S. Ferreira","doi":"10.1055/a-2038-6055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2038-6055","url":null,"abstract":"Ethyl diazoacetate (EDA) is a very important reagent for different types of organic reactions. It can be used to synthesize cyclopropanes, cyclopropenes, triazoles and pyrazolines, and also for cycloaddition reactions, reactions involving transition metals, olefinations of aldehydes, when it is necessary to introduce an ester group in the molecule scaffold, and in processes like continuous flow methods. In summary, EDA is a first-choice reagent for many organic chemists in their daily reactions.","PeriodicalId":22135,"journal":{"name":"SynOpen","volume":"07 1","pages":"110 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49654945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bai research group 19 constructed three dimensional Ni carbon nanofibers (Ni/CNFs) and explored it as heterogeneous catalyst for Heck coupling reaction. Iodobenzene and n -butyl acrylate reacted successfully taking small amount of catalyst Ni/CNFs and Et 3 N as base in N -methylpyrrolidone solvent to furnish butyl cinnamate with good product selectivity
{"title":"Nickel-Catalyzed Heck Reaction","authors":"P. Gahlot, Kavita Mittal","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1751432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1751432","url":null,"abstract":"Bai research group 19 constructed three dimensional Ni carbon nanofibers (Ni/CNFs) and explored it as heterogeneous catalyst for Heck coupling reaction. Iodobenzene and n -butyl acrylate reacted successfully taking small amount of catalyst Ni/CNFs and Et 3 N as base in N -methylpyrrolidone solvent to furnish butyl cinnamate with good product selectivity","PeriodicalId":22135,"journal":{"name":"SynOpen","volume":"07 1","pages":"114 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42779809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zinc oxide presents a remarkable activity as catalyst or co-catalyst in different dehydrogenative processes. Borrowing hydrogen reactions as well as acceptorless dehydrogenative condensations have been reported with ZnO, affording value added compounds in fine and bulk chemistry.
{"title":"Zinc Oxide (ZnO): an Amphoteric Metal Oxide with Dehydrogenating Activity","authors":"R. Ballesteros-Garrido, Rosa Adam","doi":"10.1055/a-2063-4007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2063-4007","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc oxide presents a remarkable activity as catalyst or co-catalyst in different dehydrogenative processes. Borrowing hydrogen reactions as well as acceptorless dehydrogenative condensations have been reported with ZnO, affording value added compounds in fine and bulk chemistry.","PeriodicalId":22135,"journal":{"name":"SynOpen","volume":"07 1","pages":"142 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41953197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A heterogeneous CoOCN composite, synthesized via a one-pot reaction of [Co(NO3)2] and urea at 500 °C in muffle furnace. The composite was fully characterized by the FTIR, Raman, powder XRD and XPS techniques. The catalyst was found to be efficient for the hydrations of aryl alkynes and nitriles under aerobic conditions. Apart of that, the catalyst exhibits high catalytic performance for the reduction of nitroarenes under the inert gas free conditions. This multitasking CoOCN was found to be highly significant for the all derivatives of nitrobenzene, alkynes and nitriles as good to excellent yields were obtained. The catalyst was recovered quantitatively from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and consequently reused for seven consecutive cycles in all reactions without significant loss of catalytic activity. Hence, the synthesized CN doped CoOCN composite worked as multitasking catalyst for various value added organic transformations, and it is highly economical and reusable upto seven catalytic cycles without any activation, even the last cycle was producing a reasonable yields up to 48-50%.
{"title":"CN-Doped Cobalt Oxide Composite: An Economic and Reusable Catalyst with Multitasking Catalytic Capability for Alkyne and Nitrile Hydrations and Nitro Reductions","authors":"A. K. Srivastava, Himanshu Khandaka, R. Joshi","doi":"10.1055/a-2025-2759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2025-2759","url":null,"abstract":"A heterogeneous CoOCN composite, synthesized via a one-pot reaction of [Co(NO3)2] and urea at 500 °C in muffle furnace. The composite was fully characterized by the FTIR, Raman, powder XRD and XPS techniques. The catalyst was found to be efficient for the hydrations of aryl alkynes and nitriles under aerobic conditions. Apart of that, the catalyst exhibits high catalytic performance for the reduction of nitroarenes under the inert gas free conditions. This multitasking CoOCN was found to be highly significant for the all derivatives of nitrobenzene, alkynes and nitriles as good to excellent yields were obtained. The catalyst was recovered quantitatively from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and consequently reused for seven consecutive cycles in all reactions without significant loss of catalytic activity. Hence, the synthesized CN doped CoOCN composite worked as multitasking catalyst for various value added organic transformations, and it is highly economical and reusable upto seven catalytic cycles without any activation, even the last cycle was producing a reasonable yields up to 48-50%.","PeriodicalId":22135,"journal":{"name":"SynOpen","volume":"07 1","pages":"121 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46415615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trisha Mitra, S. Joardar, S. Chakravorty, Manoj Majumdar, M. Kundu, B. Roy
Linearly fused Retinoids derivatives have been synthesized via a straightforward pathway using palladium-catalyzed reductive Heck cyclization strategy. The synthesis involved a four step linear approach utilizing iodination, sulfonylation or benzylation or esterfication, palladium- catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling and palladium mediated reductive Heck cyclization.
{"title":"Palladium-Mediated Reductive Heck Cyclization for the Synthesis of Fused Retinoid Derivatives","authors":"Trisha Mitra, S. Joardar, S. Chakravorty, Manoj Majumdar, M. Kundu, B. Roy","doi":"10.1055/a-2022-3227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2022-3227","url":null,"abstract":"Linearly fused Retinoids derivatives have been synthesized via a straightforward pathway using palladium-catalyzed reductive Heck cyclization strategy. The synthesis involved a four step linear approach utilizing iodination, sulfonylation or benzylation or esterfication, palladium- catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling and palladium mediated reductive Heck cyclization.","PeriodicalId":22135,"journal":{"name":"SynOpen","volume":"07 1","pages":"58 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46011844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, frustrated Lewis pairs have been widely used in small molecules activation and catalytic transformations. This graphic review is aimed to provide the fundamental understanding of frustrated Lewis pair reactivity and the exploitation thereof in catalytic reactions.
{"title":"Frustrated Lewis Pair Catalyzed Reactions","authors":"Rundong Zhou, Zoleykha Tavandashti, J. Paradies","doi":"10.1055/a-2005-5443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2005-5443","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, frustrated Lewis pairs have been widely used in small molecules activation and catalytic transformations. This graphic review is aimed to provide the fundamental understanding of frustrated Lewis pair reactivity and the exploitation thereof in catalytic reactions.","PeriodicalId":22135,"journal":{"name":"SynOpen","volume":"07 1","pages":"46 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44278826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selective syntheses of coumarin and benzofuran derivatives were achieved via HClO4-mediated intermolecular annulation using phenols and α-methoxy-β-ketoesters. Coumarins are formed under dehydrated conditions, whereas benzofurans are formed in the presence of water. In the synthetic process of benzofurans, α-methoxy-β-ketoesters are converted into α-methoxyacetophenones, and the methoxy group is an important element in the intermolecular annulation.
{"title":"Selective Syntheses of Coumarin and Benzofuran Derivatives Using Phenols and α-Methoxy-β-ketoesters","authors":"R. Miyata, Takashi Shigeta, S. Kumazawa, M. Egi","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1751408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1751408","url":null,"abstract":"Selective syntheses of coumarin and benzofuran derivatives were achieved via HClO4-mediated intermolecular annulation using phenols and α-methoxy-β-ketoesters. Coumarins are formed under dehydrated conditions, whereas benzofurans are formed in the presence of water. In the synthetic process of benzofurans, α-methoxy-β-ketoesters are converted into α-methoxyacetophenones, and the methoxy group is an important element in the intermolecular annulation.","PeriodicalId":22135,"journal":{"name":"SynOpen","volume":"07 1","pages":"8 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47941007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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