Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-79-88
V. Serdyuk, T. Serdyuk
The article presents the results of a study of the causes of depopulation of the population of Ukraine and identified the relationship between changes in the demographic situation of the country and the availability of access to housing. The UN forecasts on changes in the population of post-Soviet countries are given. It is shown that the reduction in the population of Ukraine during the century will reach 45%. In the 30 years of independence, the population has shrunk by about 10 million. The most active part of women and men aged 25-35 is leaving the country. The catastrophic situation is the excess of mortality over the birth rate by more than 2 times and a significant reduction in the birth rate. Ukraine is a leader in population depopulation among European and post-Soviet countries. The average regional center "disappears" from the map of Ukraine in terms of population every year. A comparative analysis of housing construction in Ukraine and other post-Soviet countries is given. During the 30 years of independence, Ukraine has not reached the total volume of housing construction in 1990. Relative volumes of housing construction (m2 / person per year) in Ukraine are several times lower than the level of this indicator in neighboring countries. Due to lack of access to housing, more than 60% of young people aged 18-34 are forced to live with their parents. Excessively high credit rates and low wages significantly impede access to housing and lead to excessive migration outside the country. The lack of real measures to change the negative trend of population decline creates problems leading to irreversible population losses. It is proposed to implement a number of measures that will contribute to the growth of housing construction, which will have a positive impact on demographic processes in the country.
{"title":"URGENCY OF GROWTH OF HOUSING IN UKRAINE IN A DEMOGRAPHIC CRISIS","authors":"V. Serdyuk, T. Serdyuk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-79-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-79-88","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of the causes of depopulation of the population of Ukraine and identified the relationship between changes in the demographic situation of the country and the availability of access to housing. The UN forecasts on changes in the population of post-Soviet countries are given. It is shown that the reduction in the population of Ukraine during the century will reach 45%. In the 30 years of independence, the population has shrunk by about 10 million. The most active part of women and men aged 25-35 is leaving the country. The catastrophic situation is the excess of mortality over the birth rate by more than 2 times and a significant reduction in the birth rate. Ukraine is a leader in population depopulation among European and post-Soviet countries. The average regional center \"disappears\" from the map of Ukraine in terms of population every year. \u0000A comparative analysis of housing construction in Ukraine and other post-Soviet countries is given. During the 30 years of independence, Ukraine has not reached the total volume of housing construction in 1990. Relative volumes of housing construction (m2 / person per year) in Ukraine are several times lower than the level of this indicator in neighboring countries. Due to lack of access to housing, more than 60% of young people aged 18-34 are forced to live with their parents. Excessively high credit rates and low wages significantly impede access to housing and lead to excessive migration outside the country. The lack of real measures to change the negative trend of population decline creates problems leading to irreversible population losses. It is proposed to implement a number of measures that will contribute to the growth of housing construction, which will have a positive impact on demographic processes in the country.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134476265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-21-31
Y. Biks
The article presents a comparative analysis of methods for determining the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams (second design task), based on the deformation approach according to current standards of calculation DBN B.2.6-98: 2009 "Concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Substantive provisions". The results of determining the maximum value of the bending moment in the Mu beam by five methods based on the use of a curvilinear diagram of "stress-strain" (nonlinear deformation model of Bambura A.M., new deformation model of Pavlikov A.M., deformation-force model Romashko V.M.), simplified bilinear diagram of "stress-strain" (Popov V.O., Wojciechivski O.V.) as well as a simplified rectangular form of «stress-strain» diagram (Babayev V.M., Bambura A.M., Pustovoitova O.M., etc.). It is shown that the calculation of bearing capacity for all these methods differs from the normative according to DBN and DSTU [1, 2] within 1%. In this case, according to the author, the simplest in terms of engineering use and interpretation of the implemented algorithm is a rectangular dependence, and the most complex is the method of deformation-force model Romashko V.M.
{"title":"ANALYTICAL LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY’S DETERMINATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS BY DIFFERENT \"STRESS-STRAIN\" DEPENDENCIES","authors":"Y. Biks","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-21-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-21-31","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a comparative analysis of methods for determining the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams (second design task), based on the deformation approach according to current standards of calculation DBN B.2.6-98: 2009 \"Concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Substantive provisions\". The results of determining the maximum value of the bending moment in the Mu beam by five methods based on the use of a curvilinear diagram of \"stress-strain\" (nonlinear deformation model of Bambura A.M., new deformation model of Pavlikov A.M., deformation-force model Romashko V.M.), simplified bilinear diagram of \"stress-strain\" (Popov V.O., Wojciechivski O.V.) as well as a simplified rectangular form of «stress-strain» diagram (Babayev V.M., Bambura A.M., Pustovoitova O.M., etc.). It is shown that the calculation of bearing capacity for all these methods differs from the normative according to DBN and DSTU [1, 2] within 1%. In this case, according to the author, the simplest in terms of engineering use and interpretation of the implemented algorithm is a rectangular dependence, and the most complex is the method of deformation-force model Romashko V.M.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123628028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-55-62
Alen Bondar, M. Maksymenko, Oleksandr Volodymyrovych Pelekh, Bohdan Serhiiovych Panchenko
The peculiarities of parking design in a highly urbanized living environment, which are the spread of multi-level ramp and automated parking lots during the period of mass motorization of developed countries. Current trends tend to gradually integrate parking lots with residential, public, office buildings, as well as natural terrain and landscape. The article examines the experience of major cities around the world (London, Tokyo, Singapore, UAE, European cities), which allows us to formulate the following main directions of development of parking space: greening of parking buildings; use of cooperative parking lots; allocation of an area with shared use of parking spaces; movement to the gradual abandonment of parking; adaptability of parking lots and their reconstruction for other functions while reducing demand. The domestic practice of designing parking lots focused on residential development is analyzed. It was found that the most common are open plan parking and underground built-in (mainly for business and elite class). The main problems of parking space development in Ukraine are revealed: low level of design and construction of separate multilevel ramp and mechanized parking lots, unresolved issue of storage and maintenance of cars in housing construction, which is actively growing in urban cities. An effective approach to the placement of parking lots in the conditions of modern urbanization in order to rationally use the existing urban area of Vinnytsia and optimize the city's transport network by integrating parking lots into it is considered. The state of motorization, organization of parking space, problems in Ukraine and in the city of Vinnytsia are analyzed.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT AND PROBLEMS OF PARKING SPACE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN URBANIZATION","authors":"Alen Bondar, M. Maksymenko, Oleksandr Volodymyrovych Pelekh, Bohdan Serhiiovych Panchenko","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-55-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-55-62","url":null,"abstract":"The peculiarities of parking design in a highly urbanized living environment, which are the spread of multi-level ramp and automated parking lots during the period of mass motorization of developed countries. Current trends tend to gradually integrate parking lots with residential, public, office buildings, as well as natural terrain and landscape. The article examines the experience of major cities around the world (London, Tokyo, Singapore, UAE, European cities), which allows us to formulate the following main directions of development of parking space: greening of parking buildings; use of cooperative parking lots; allocation of an area with shared use of parking spaces; movement to the gradual abandonment of parking; adaptability of parking lots and their reconstruction for other functions while reducing demand. The domestic practice of designing parking lots focused on residential development is analyzed. It was found that the most common are open plan parking and underground built-in (mainly for business and elite class). The main problems of parking space development in Ukraine are revealed: low level of design and construction of separate multilevel ramp and mechanized parking lots, unresolved issue of storage and maintenance of cars in housing construction, which is actively growing in urban cities. An effective approach to the placement of parking lots in the conditions of modern urbanization in order to rationally use the existing urban area of Vinnytsia and optimize the city's transport network by integrating parking lots into it is considered. The state of motorization, organization of parking space, problems in Ukraine and in the city of Vinnytsia are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114536423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-93-100
Viacheslav Dzhedzhula
Due to the constant growth of energy costs, the management of enterprises is forced to find ways to reduce energy consumption and the first step in this process is to conduct an energy audit. One of the significant consumers of thermal and electrical energy in industry is the ventilation and air conditioning systems. The main way to reduce the energy consumption of these systems is to implement the utilization of exhaust air heat, and the main problem is the complicated design of heat recovery devices and economic assessment of the feasibility of their implementation. Despite the obvious need for implementation of systems for the utilization of exhaust air heat, the high cost of their implementation raises questions about the feasibility of implementation and cost recovery of these energy-saving measures. One of the proven areas of heat recovery in exhaust systems is the use of exhaust gas recuperators. These devices allow to carry out utilization of the heat of the exhaust air and transfer the heat to the heating of the supply air in the systems located at certain distances from each other. Installation of heat-retaining and heating heat exchangers in existing systems allows to slightly increase the load on the fan and do without its replacement. According to the results of the actually performed energy audit at one of the industrial enterprises of Ukraine, the task in the technical and economical arrangement of the given method of energy-saving was set. The article considers approaches to the construction of a system of hydrochloric acid heat utilization of the exhaust air heat from the warehouse premises. The calculation and selection of heat exchangers were carried out, and the economical feasibility of the implementation of this energy utilization system was determined. The results of the research are implemented in the thermodernization of a real industrial facility. In the example of this object economical indicators of the implementation of systems of hydrocarbon, and recycling were determined. The use of systems for utilization of exhaust heat allows to significantly increase the energy efficiency of ventilation systems, reduce heating costs, reduce the cost of production and increase the profitability of the enterprise.
{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF FEASIBILITY STUDY METHODS OF UTILIZATION HEAT EXHAUST AIR SYSTEMS OF PRODUCTION BUILDINGS","authors":"Viacheslav Dzhedzhula","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-93-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-93-100","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the constant growth of energy costs, the management of enterprises is forced to find ways to reduce energy consumption and the first step in this process is to conduct an energy audit. One of the significant consumers of thermal and electrical energy in industry is the ventilation and air conditioning systems. The main way to reduce the energy consumption of these systems is to implement the utilization of exhaust air heat, and the main problem is the complicated design of heat recovery devices and economic assessment of the feasibility of their implementation. Despite the obvious need for implementation of systems for the utilization of exhaust air heat, the high cost of their implementation raises questions about the feasibility of implementation and cost recovery of these energy-saving measures. \u0000One of the proven areas of heat recovery in exhaust systems is the use of exhaust gas recuperators. These devices allow to carry out utilization of the heat of the exhaust air and transfer the heat to the heating of the supply air in the systems located at certain distances from each other. Installation of heat-retaining and heating heat exchangers in existing systems allows to slightly increase the load on the fan and do without its replacement. \u0000According to the results of the actually performed energy audit at one of the industrial enterprises of Ukraine, the task in the technical and economical arrangement of the given method of energy-saving was set. \u0000The article considers approaches to the construction of a system of hydrochloric acid heat utilization of the exhaust air heat from the warehouse premises. The calculation and selection of heat exchangers were carried out, and the economical feasibility of the implementation of this energy utilization system was determined. The results of the research are implemented in the thermodernization of a real industrial facility. In the example of this object economical indicators of the implementation of systems of hydrocarbon, and recycling were determined. \u0000The use of systems for utilization of exhaust heat allows to significantly increase the energy efficiency of ventilation systems, reduce heating costs, reduce the cost of production and increase the profitability of the enterprise.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122669569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-63-72
V. Serdyuk, T. Serdyuk, Kateryna Bauman
As of 2021, Ukraine has an extremely difficult situation with the energy supply of the economy and the heating season. Ukraine is losing several times more energy per unit of living space than other European countries with similar climatic conditions. The amount of energy losses during its production, transportation and operation of the building are reflected in the utility tariffs of consumers. We have large energy losses during its transportation (it's about 30-60%). A targeted state program for the renovation of heating networks with the involvement of local budgets should be developed. The mass reconstruction of boilers and heating networks in the framework of the project "Improving the energy efficiency of district heating of Ukraine" for loans from local budgets and borrowed funds from international financial institutions is relevant. The use of preliminary isolated pipes gives a number of advantages, such as: reduction of heat losses in networks, reduction of costs for repairing outdated and ineffective heating networks of centralized heat suppl.
{"title":"URGENCY OF RENOVATION OF OBSOLETE INQUARTERLY HEAT NETWORKS","authors":"V. Serdyuk, T. Serdyuk, Kateryna Bauman","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-63-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-63-72","url":null,"abstract":"As of 2021, Ukraine has an extremely difficult situation with the energy supply of the economy and the heating season. Ukraine is losing several times more energy per unit of living space than other European countries with similar climatic conditions. The amount of energy losses during its production, transportation and operation of the building are reflected in the utility tariffs of consumers. We have large energy losses during its transportation (it's about 30-60%). A targeted state program for the renovation of heating networks with the involvement of local budgets should be developed. The mass reconstruction of boilers and heating networks in the framework of the project \"Improving the energy efficiency of district heating of Ukraine\" for loans from local budgets and borrowed funds from international financial institutions is relevant. The use of preliminary isolated pipes gives a number of advantages, such as: reduction of heat losses in networks, reduction of costs for repairing outdated and ineffective heating networks of centralized heat suppl.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133921758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-43-48
Georgy Ratushnyak, Y. Biks, A. Lyalyuk
According to the analysis of domestic and foreign literature sources, it is noted that reducing energy consumption to create an optimal microclimate of buildings involves reducing heat loss through external enclosing structures. Construction of new buildings and thermal modernization of existing ones is carried out with the use of different properties of thermal insulation materials, passport data of manufacturers on their characteristics need to be clarified in determining the energy efficiency of buildings. Mineral wool was selected for experimental studies of thermal insulation material used to improve the thermal insulation shell. The energy efficiency of mineral wool was studied using an installation with a climate chamber with a homogeneous heat flux over the cross-sectional area of the sample. To register the change in the amount of heat flux, thermocouples were used, which are located at different points of the climate chamber with a sample of mineral wool. Data on the change in temperature during the observation period before the stabilization of the heat flux was determined by the automatic registration unit. The change in time of the temperature regime at different points of the mineral wool sample is obtained. The thermal conductivity, which characterizes the efficiency of the thermal insulation material made of mineral wool, was calculated according to the known Fourier formula for stationary thermal regime from the values of the temperature difference in the characteristic cross sections of the sample. The discrepancy between the values of thermal conductivity of the investigated sample and the passport data of thermal conductivity of mineral wool provided by its manufacturer is revealed.
{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS MADE OF MINERAL COTTON","authors":"Georgy Ratushnyak, Y. Biks, A. Lyalyuk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-43-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-43-48","url":null,"abstract":"According to the analysis of domestic and foreign literature sources, it is noted that reducing energy consumption to create an optimal microclimate of buildings involves reducing heat loss through external enclosing structures. Construction of new buildings and thermal modernization of existing ones is carried out with the use of different properties of thermal insulation materials, passport data of manufacturers on their characteristics need to be clarified in determining the energy efficiency of buildings. Mineral wool was selected for experimental studies of thermal insulation material used to improve the thermal insulation shell. The energy efficiency of mineral wool was studied using an installation with a climate chamber with a homogeneous heat flux over the cross-sectional area of the sample. To register the change in the amount of heat flux, thermocouples were used, which are located at different points of the climate chamber with a sample of mineral wool. Data on the change in temperature during the observation period before the stabilization of the heat flux was determined by the automatic registration unit. The change in time of the temperature regime at different points of the mineral wool sample is obtained. The thermal conductivity, which characterizes the efficiency of the thermal insulation material made of mineral wool, was calculated according to the known Fourier formula for stationary thermal regime from the values of the temperature difference in the characteristic cross sections of the sample. The discrepancy between the values of thermal conductivity of the investigated sample and the passport data of thermal conductivity of mineral wool provided by its manufacturer is revealed.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131193649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-89-92
Viacheslav Dzhedzhula, Iryna Finyk
The article considers one of the effective ways of solving the problem of excessive consumption in residential buildings of Ukraine – holding energy certification. Formulated the purpose of the article, which is to justify the reduction residential energy consumption by implementing energy specification. The main task is to assess the significance of the target function of certification and definition the most influential factors in its conduct. The types of achievement of energy efficiency of residential buildings for new buildings and existing ones are given housing stock. The most effective priority way in the direction of increasing the energy efficiency of residential the building is the energy audit of the buildings. The leading companies on providing services of energy certification of buildings and were considered and their characteristic features are considered. The main criteria of the assessment of certification companies on energy audit were analyzed. Conclusions were drawn on the importance of energy certification for both individual and individual a citizen, and for the state as a whole. Economic benefit of energy certification method in future is proved.
{"title":"ENERGY CERTIFICATION IS AN EFFECTIVE METHOD OF REDUCING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS","authors":"Viacheslav Dzhedzhula, Iryna Finyk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-89-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-89-92","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers one of the effective ways of solving the problem of excessive consumption in residential buildings of Ukraine – holding energy certification. Formulated the purpose of the article, which is to justify the reduction residential energy consumption by implementing energy specification. The main task is to assess the significance of the target function of certification and definition the most influential factors in its conduct. The types of achievement of energy efficiency of residential buildings for new buildings and existing ones are given housing stock. The most effective priority way in the direction of increasing the energy efficiency of residential the building is the energy audit of the buildings. The leading companies on providing services of energy certification of buildings and were considered and their characteristic features are considered. The main criteria of the assessment of certification companies on energy audit were analyzed. Conclusions were drawn on the importance of energy certification for both individual and individual a citizen, and for the state as a whole. Economic benefit of energy certification method in future is proved.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125652583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-5-13
Volodymyr O Popov, Oleksandr V. Voiсehivsky
The paper contains developed the method of reinforcement of reinforced concrete bridge supports by arrangement of reinforced concrete casing on the example of an emergency bridge structure located on the state road M-12 in the Gajsin town, Vinnitsa region. Have been proven that for the further long-term operation of bridge supports, in addition to the reinforcement device, it is also necessary to seal the expansion joints of the span structure located directly above the supports. Have been described the main components of intermediate bridge supports erected in Ukraine during the second half of the 20th century. Have been considered typical defects, which were occurred on the two-cantilever supports of bridge structures during long-term operation. Have been estimated the degree of danger of each of the defects. Have been proved the systemic nature of defects and damages of prefabricated reinforced concrete crossbars. Have been considered the probable causes of defects at the bridge supports are considered, namely, destruction of bridges expansion joints. As a result, regular, long-term non-project soaking of supports; violation of the solidity of the concrete protective layer of the working reinforcement of the cantilever parts of the crossbars due its overload; destruction of the mixture from the seams of monolithic semi-crossbars due to its low strength; reinforcement corrosion; loss of frost resistance of concrete; increase in dynamic influences. Have been considered the design and typical defects of standard prefabricated concrete trusses, which are installed on bridge supports for direct perception of loads from the span structure. Have been considered the standard methods of strengthening bridge supports and trusses, their advantages and disadvantages. The paper focuses on the importance and necessity of restoring the tightness of expansion joints by using modern Maurer type constructions in conjunction with the installation of waterproof monolithic or overhead plates of reinforced span structures. Have been proposed an original form of clips for double-console bridge supports in the form of double-trapezoids which significantly improve their architectural expressiveness and optimize the structural scheme of supports. Have been proposed to use self-compressing concrete to save material costs and time during the construction of temporary special and auxiliary devices (formwork) for monolithic casing. Have been proposed an effective methodology and a rational technological sequence for performing work on strengthening. Have been summarized the practical experience of performing construction and installation works on monolithic supports with self-compacting concrete mixes according to the method proposed by the authors of the article which were made according to the technology of Sika. Have been summarized the experience of bridge operation after sealing expansion joints and overhaul of bridge supports.
{"title":"METHOD OF REINFORCEMENT OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE SUPPORTS BY ARRANGEMENT OF BITRAPEZOIDAL CASINGS","authors":"Volodymyr O Popov, Oleksandr V. Voiсehivsky","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-5-13","url":null,"abstract":"The paper contains developed the method of reinforcement of reinforced concrete bridge supports by arrangement of reinforced concrete casing on the example of an emergency bridge structure located on the state road M-12 in the Gajsin town, Vinnitsa region. Have been proven that for the further long-term operation of bridge supports, in addition to the reinforcement device, it is also necessary to seal the expansion joints of the span structure located directly above the supports. Have been described the main components of intermediate bridge supports erected in Ukraine during the second half of the 20th century. Have been considered typical defects, which were occurred on the two-cantilever supports of bridge structures during long-term operation. Have been estimated the degree of danger of each of the defects. Have been proved the systemic nature of defects and damages of prefabricated reinforced concrete crossbars. \u0000Have been considered the probable causes of defects at the bridge supports are considered, namely, destruction of bridges expansion joints. As a result, regular, long-term non-project soaking of supports; violation of the solidity of the concrete protective layer of the working reinforcement of the cantilever parts of the crossbars due its overload; destruction of the mixture from the seams of monolithic semi-crossbars due to its low strength; reinforcement corrosion; loss of frost resistance of concrete; increase in dynamic influences. Have been considered the design and typical defects of standard prefabricated concrete trusses, which are installed on bridge supports for direct perception of loads from the span structure. Have been considered the standard methods of strengthening bridge supports and trusses, their advantages and disadvantages. The paper focuses on the importance and necessity of restoring the tightness of expansion joints by using modern Maurer type constructions in conjunction with the installation of waterproof monolithic or overhead plates of reinforced span structures. Have been proposed an original form of clips for double-console bridge supports in the form of double-trapezoids which significantly improve their architectural expressiveness and optimize the structural scheme of supports. Have been proposed to use self-compressing concrete to save material costs and time during the construction of temporary special and auxiliary devices (formwork) for monolithic casing. Have been proposed an effective methodology and a rational technological sequence for performing work on strengthening. \u0000Have been summarized the practical experience of performing construction and installation works on monolithic supports with self-compacting concrete mixes according to the method proposed by the authors of the article which were made according to the technology of Sika. Have been summarized the experience of bridge operation after sealing expansion joints and overhaul of bridge supports.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126237884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-38-42
A. Morgun, Tian Zhengfeng
The topic is devoted to the topical problem of foundation construction and soil mechanics - elastic-plastic modeling of joint work of the system "soil base - brown pile" in order to determine the bearing capacity of the foundation to ensure stability and low subsidence of the structure, thus avoiding its possible uneven subsidence or destruction. To do this, it is necessary to provide forecasting and numerical implementation of calculations of the pile foundation structure. From the standpoint of the mechanics of a dispersed elastic-plastic medium, the idea of the peculiarities of the behavior under the load of a brown pile with an extended heel in clay swellable soils is presented. The calculations take into account the main content of the theory of elastic-plastic processes - the dependence of the stress- deformed state on the load history. The main computational equation of the soil model is the integral equation received K. Brebbia [1]. Depending on the properties of the soil and the applied stresses, the sediment of the building is carried out as a result of compaction or extrusion of the soil from under the foundation. In both cases, the phenomenon of subsidence is due to soil flow, so it is natural that to the forefront of solving static problems of foundation construction is a condition or equation that determines the boundary between solid and fluid state of the soil depending on stresses. The application of numerical MGE to the solution of the nonlinear problem of geomechanics is substantiated by theoretical calculations, supported and illustrated by data of numerical calculation
{"title":"WORK OF DRILLING PILLS WITH EXTENDED HEEL IN SWELLING SOILS BY NUMERICAL METHOD OF BOUNDARY ELEMENTS","authors":"A. Morgun, Tian Zhengfeng","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-38-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-1-38-42","url":null,"abstract":"The topic is devoted to the topical problem of foundation construction and soil mechanics - elastic-plastic modeling of joint work of the system \"soil base - brown pile\" in order to determine the bearing capacity of the foundation to ensure stability and low subsidence of the structure, thus avoiding its possible uneven subsidence or destruction. To do this, it is necessary to provide forecasting and numerical implementation of calculations of the pile foundation structure. \u0000From the standpoint of the mechanics of a dispersed elastic-plastic medium, the idea of the peculiarities of the behavior under the load of a brown pile with an extended heel in clay swellable soils is presented. \u0000The calculations take into account the main content of the theory of elastic-plastic processes - the dependence of the stress- deformed state on the load history. \u0000The main computational equation of the soil model is the integral equation received K. Brebbia [1]. \u0000Depending on the properties of the soil and the applied stresses, the sediment of the building is carried out as a result of compaction or extrusion of the soil from under the foundation. \u0000In both cases, the phenomenon of subsidence is due to soil flow, so it is natural that to the forefront of solving static problems of foundation construction is a condition or equation that determines the boundary between solid and fluid state of the soil depending on stresses. \u0000The application of numerical MGE to the solution of the nonlinear problem of geomechanics is substantiated by theoretical calculations, supported and illustrated by data of numerical calculation","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125594309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-06DOI: 10.31649/2311-1429-2021-2-81-87
G. Ratushnyak, O. Pankevych, V. Pankevych
An analytical review of publications on the energy efficiency of translucent elements (windows, doors) of the enclosing structures of the building. The urgency of developing an expert system that would allow modeling the decision-making process in diagnosing thermal insulation at the stage of operation of the building, and was based on multicriteria analysis of elements of the building's enclosing structures. To develop such a system, the factors influencing the energy efficiency of translucent structures are analyzed. Influence factors are grouped into three blocks - technical, technological and operational. The paper analyzes a detailed analysis of each group of factors and identifies their design features, quantitative and qualitative characteristics that affect the increase in energy efficiency. The results of automated calculation of energy efficiency of windows in the program "Energy calculator of windows and doors OKNA.ua", which takes into account the quantitative characteristics of windows. The possibility of using this automated service of calculation of windows at technical inspection of the existing building and diagnosing energy efficiency of a heat-insulating cover of the building is analyzed in the work.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF LIGHTTRANSPARENT ENVIRONMENTAL STRUCTURES OF BUILDINGS","authors":"G. Ratushnyak, O. Pankevych, V. Pankevych","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2021-2-81-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2021-2-81-87","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical review of publications on the energy efficiency of translucent elements (windows, doors) of the enclosing structures of the building. The urgency of developing an expert system that would allow modeling the decision-making process in diagnosing thermal insulation at the stage of operation of the building, and was based on multicriteria analysis of elements of the building's enclosing structures. To develop such a system, the factors influencing the energy efficiency of translucent structures are analyzed. Influence factors are grouped into three blocks - technical, technological and operational. The paper analyzes a detailed analysis of each group of factors and identifies their design features, quantitative and qualitative characteristics that affect the increase in energy efficiency. The results of automated calculation of energy efficiency of windows in the program \"Energy calculator of windows and doors OKNA.ua\", which takes into account the quantitative characteristics of windows. The possibility of using this automated service of calculation of windows at technical inspection of the existing building and diagnosing energy efficiency of a heat-insulating cover of the building is analyzed in the work.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131000682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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