The construction industry is rapidly growing in Sri Lanka, leading to an increase in the amount of waste generated from building projects. This waste often ends up in landfills or is disposed of in an unorganised manner, causing environmental and health hazards. While there is a growing body of research on Construction & Demolition (C&D) Waste Management (WM) including Zero waste, there is lack of studies available on the management of WM issues according to the life cycle of building projects in Sri Lanka. Hence, this study aims to investigate the C&D WM issues in Sri Lanka according to the life cycle of building projects. The study adopts a qualitative approach that involves conducting two rounds of expert interviews following the Delphi method and using manual content analysis to analyse the collected data. According to building life cycle, WM issues are categorised as Preconstruction; Construction and Building Renovation; Use and Operate; Demolitions and Repurpose and Material Recovery and Production. The research is significant as it provides insight into the current issues of C&D WM in Sri Lanka and offers recommendations for improvement. By categorising the issues based on the different stages of the project life cycle, it becomes easier to identify where in the process the C&D WM issues are most prevalent and to develop targeted solutions to address them.
{"title":"Construction and demolition waste management issues in building project life cycle stages: a case of Sri Lanka","authors":"H. C. Victar, K. Waidyasekara","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.33","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry is rapidly growing in Sri Lanka, leading to an increase in the amount of waste generated from building projects. This waste often ends up in landfills or is disposed of in an unorganised manner, causing environmental and health hazards. While there is a growing body of research on Construction & Demolition (C&D) Waste Management (WM) including Zero waste, there is lack of studies available on the management of WM issues according to the life cycle of building projects in Sri Lanka. Hence, this study aims to investigate the C&D WM issues in Sri Lanka according to the life cycle of building projects. The study adopts a qualitative approach that involves conducting two rounds of expert interviews following the Delphi method and using manual content analysis to analyse the collected data. According to building life cycle, WM issues are categorised as Preconstruction; Construction and Building Renovation; Use and Operate; Demolitions and Repurpose and Material Recovery and Production. The research is significant as it provides insight into the current issues of C&D WM in Sri Lanka and offers recommendations for improvement. By categorising the issues based on the different stages of the project life cycle, it becomes easier to identify where in the process the C&D WM issues are most prevalent and to develop targeted solutions to address them.","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130856763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has left a significant impact on the survival of the global construction industry and its stakeholders including quantity surveyors. Outsourcing is recognised as a business strategy which can be tried for consultants quantity surveying organisations for surviving in the construction industry during a pandemic period. Due to the absence of previous studies that evaluated the effectiveness of outsourcing consultants quantity surveying activities in the Sri Lankan context following the pandemic, this study intends to fill the aforementioned research gap. As a result, the research was aimed at examining the feasibility of outsourcing key consultants' quantity surveying activities in the Sri Lankan context following the pandemic. A thorough literature review was carried out in order to investigate the possibility of outsourcing key consultant quantity surveying activities in Sri Lanka during the post-pandemic era. To achieve the goal of this research, a mixed-method approach with structured expert interviews and a questionnaire survey was used. Thematic analysis using QSR Nvivo version 12 software and the RII method was used to analyse the data. The most suitable activities for outsourcing in Sri Lanka during the post-pandemic era were identified as BIM model creation, BOQ preparation, and BOQ verification. The study's findings revealed the possibility of outsourcing the quantity surveying activities of consultants in Sri Lanka during the post-pandemic era. Furthermore, the findings of this study can be used to identify prevalent motivating factors for introducing or improving the outsourcing concept as well as to put into practice within consultant quantity surveying organisations.
新冠肺炎疫情对全球建筑行业及其包括工料测量师在内的利益相关者的生存造成了重大影响。外包被认为是一种商业策略，可以尝试顾问工料测量机构在大流行期间在建筑业生存。由于缺乏先前的研究，评估外包顾问数量测量活动的有效性在斯里兰卡大流行后的背景下，本研究打算填补上述研究空白。因此，这项研究的目的是审查在大流行病之后将主要顾问的工料测量活动外包给斯里兰卡的可行性。进行了彻底的文献审查，以调查大流行后时期斯里兰卡外包关键顾问工料测量活动的可能性。为了达到本研究的目的，采用了结构化专家访谈和问卷调查相结合的混合方法。采用QSR Nvivo version 12软件进行主题分析，采用RII方法对数据进行分析。在大流行后的时代，斯里兰卡最适合外包的活动被确定为BIM模型创建、BOQ准备和BOQ验证。研究结果表明，在大流行后时期，斯里兰卡有可能将顾问的工料测量活动外包。此外，这项研究的结果可用于找出普遍的激励因素，以引入或改善外判概念，并在顾问工料测量机构内付诸实施。
{"title":"Outsourcing consultant quantity surveying activities during the post-pandemic era","authors":"D. Samarathunga, I. Gamage, V. Lingasabesan","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.68","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has left a significant impact on the survival of the global construction industry and its stakeholders including quantity surveyors. Outsourcing is recognised as a business strategy which can be tried for consultants quantity surveying organisations for surviving in the construction industry during a pandemic period. Due to the absence of previous studies that evaluated the effectiveness of outsourcing consultants quantity surveying activities in the Sri Lankan context following the pandemic, this study intends to fill the aforementioned research gap. As a result, the research was aimed at examining the feasibility of outsourcing key consultants' quantity surveying activities in the Sri Lankan context following the pandemic. A thorough literature review was carried out in order to investigate the possibility of outsourcing key consultant quantity surveying activities in Sri Lanka during the post-pandemic era. To achieve the goal of this research, a mixed-method approach with structured expert interviews and a questionnaire survey was used. Thematic analysis using QSR Nvivo version 12 software and the RII method was used to analyse the data. The most suitable activities for outsourcing in Sri Lanka during the post-pandemic era were identified as BIM model creation, BOQ preparation, and BOQ verification. The study's findings revealed the possibility of outsourcing the quantity surveying activities of consultants in Sri Lanka during the post-pandemic era. Furthermore, the findings of this study can be used to identify prevalent motivating factors for introducing or improving the outsourcing concept as well as to put into practice within consultant quantity surveying organisations.","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132184893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Industrialisation has led to a massive increment in resource consumption and waste generation, which demands improved management strategies for Waste Management (WM), especially in Industrial Zones (IZ). Thus, the application of Industrial Symbiosis (IS) in an IZ is demanded as a solution. It is a collaborative approach in which different industries and organisations work together to create a closed-loop system that maximises resource efficiency, reduces waste, and improves environmental sustainability. Sri Lankan IZs still have not yet established a proper method to manage industrial waste, which has led to heaps of waste. Since IS is an effective and timely solution for this issue, this paper was intended to analyse barriers to the potential implementation of IS for better WM of IZs in Sri Lanka. A qualitative research approach with two case studies were used in this study. A total of 12 interviews were conducted and collected data was analysed using code-based content analysis. The barriers were extracted through the analysis of case findings using an abductive analysis. The empirical findings revealed 34 barriers under six categories, namely economic, organisational, regulatory, technological, risk and information. The higher initial cost, lack of financial ability, competition among participants, unavailability of institutional support, and lack of regulatory incentives for IS initiations were some of the key barriers identified in this study. The knowledge generated through this research can be used by respective industry practitioners to take informed decisions in addressing these barriers, which will be crucial to unlocking the potential of IS in IZ.
{"title":"The Potential of industrial symbiosis: an analysis of barriers to its implementation for better waste management in industrial zones in Sri Lanka","authors":"P. Herath, P. Dissanayake, G. Thisakya","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.85","url":null,"abstract":"Industrialisation has led to a massive increment in resource consumption and waste generation, which demands improved management strategies for Waste Management (WM), especially in Industrial Zones (IZ). Thus, the application of Industrial Symbiosis (IS) in an IZ is demanded as a solution. It is a collaborative approach in which different industries and organisations work together to create a closed-loop system that maximises resource efficiency, reduces waste, and improves environmental sustainability. Sri Lankan IZs still have not yet established a proper method to manage industrial waste, which has led to heaps of waste. Since IS is an effective and timely solution for this issue, this paper was intended to analyse barriers to the potential implementation of IS for better WM of IZs in Sri Lanka. A qualitative research approach with two case studies were used in this study. A total of 12 interviews were conducted and collected data was analysed using code-based content analysis. The barriers were extracted through the analysis of case findings using an abductive analysis. The empirical findings revealed 34 barriers under six categories, namely economic, organisational, regulatory, technological, risk and information. The higher initial cost, lack of financial ability, competition among participants, unavailability of institutional support, and lack of regulatory incentives for IS initiations were some of the key barriers identified in this study. The knowledge generated through this research can be used by respective industry practitioners to take informed decisions in addressing these barriers, which will be crucial to unlocking the potential of IS in IZ.","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128270487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The nature of the contractual relationship between the contractor and the client creates opportunities for opportunistic behaviour (OB) on the part of the contractor, which can result in project delays, cost overruns, and quality issues. Project governance (PG) is a set of processes, policies, and procedures that aim to ensure the effective management and control of projects. It was identified that PG helps to minimise different issues related to construction projects where different stakeholders are involved. The use of trust and formal control as PG modes in the global construction industry is well-established. However, there is a lack of research specifically focusing on the appropriate PG modes to minimise the effects of Contractors’ Opportunistic Behaviour (COB) in the Sri Lankan construction industry. The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of PG modes to minimise COB. To address this research gap, a qualitative research approach was adopted in this study. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to gather knowledge and theories about PG modes and COB. Furthermore, case studies were conducted to investigate the synergy between the identified PG modes and COB management in the Sri Lankan context. These case studies involved real-world construction projects in Sri Lanka, where the researchers’ collected data through interviews. By analysing the findings of the literature review and case studies, this study aims to provide insights into the suitable PG modes that can be used to minimise the effects of COB in the Sri Lankan construction industry. The findings suggest that PG modes can be effective in COB. The use of a hybrid mode, for example, can create a partnership-like relationship between the client and the contractor, which promotes cooperation and trust while having some contractual obligations. Similarly, the use of a formal control mode, which involves the use of detailed contracts, can help to clarify the rights and obligations of the parties involved and reduce the likelihood of OB. Overall, the paper highlights the importance of PG in managing contractual relationships and minimising OB. It provides practical recommendations for clients and other stakeholders on how to select and implement appropriate PG modes to ensure successful project outcomes.
{"title":"The Use of project governance modes to minimise contractors’ opportunistic behaviour","authors":"B. Arsecularatne","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.86","url":null,"abstract":"The nature of the contractual relationship between the contractor and the client creates opportunities for opportunistic behaviour (OB) on the part of the contractor, which can result in project delays, cost overruns, and quality issues. Project governance (PG) is a set of processes, policies, and procedures that aim to ensure the effective management and control of projects. It was identified that PG helps to minimise different issues related to construction projects where different stakeholders are involved. The use of trust and formal control as PG modes in the global construction industry is well-established. However, there is a lack of research specifically focusing on the appropriate PG modes to minimise the effects of Contractors’ Opportunistic Behaviour (COB) in the Sri Lankan construction industry. The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of PG modes to minimise COB. To address this research gap, a qualitative research approach was adopted in this study. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to gather knowledge and theories about PG modes and COB. Furthermore, case studies were conducted to investigate the synergy between the identified PG modes and COB management in the Sri Lankan context. These case studies involved real-world construction projects in Sri Lanka, where the researchers’ collected data through interviews. By analysing the findings of the literature review and case studies, this study aims to provide insights into the suitable PG modes that can be used to minimise the effects of COB in the Sri Lankan construction industry. The findings suggest that PG modes can be effective in COB. The use of a hybrid mode, for example, can create a partnership-like relationship between the client and the contractor, which promotes cooperation and trust while having some contractual obligations. Similarly, the use of a formal control mode, which involves the use of detailed contracts, can help to clarify the rights and obligations of the parties involved and reduce the likelihood of OB. Overall, the paper highlights the importance of PG in managing contractual relationships and minimising OB. It provides practical recommendations for clients and other stakeholders on how to select and implement appropriate PG modes to ensure successful project outcomes.","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129448806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In today's world, energy and human life are inextricably linked. Due to the scarcity of fossil fuels and rising prices, the world is shifting to renewable energy sources to acquire energy. The economic downturn and the government's inability to import fuel have exacerbated the energy crisis in the Sri Lankan context. Every day, prolonged power outages become a part of people's lives, which drives people to find alternative solutions. Even though solar PV systems are a popular renewable energy source in Sri Lanka, having an on-grid solar system has no advantages during power outages. Thus, Sri Lanka has an apparent demand for off-grid solar systems. Therefore, this study investigates the merits and demerits of utilising off-grid solar systems from key stakeholders' perspectives. Three key stakeholders were identified: government authorities, off-grid solar service provider companies and off-grid solar users. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders were conducted after a thorough literature review. The collected interview data were analysed manually using content analysis. The study's findings revealed the significant merits of using off-grid solar systems in the Sri Lankan context as; the benefit of an uninterrupted power supply and reducing the national grid demand. The study revealed significant demerits: unavailability of proper regulations, capital-intensive investment, no return on investment and the lack of qualified people in the off-grid solar sector. The respective industry practitioners and stakeholders can use the knowledge gained from this study to promote and utilise future policy implications in the off-grid solar sector.
{"title":"Merits and demerits of off-grid solar systems: key stakeholders’ perspectives","authors":"D. Ranasinghe, K. Waidyasekara, D. Weerasooriya","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.63","url":null,"abstract":"In today's world, energy and human life are inextricably linked. Due to the scarcity of fossil fuels and rising prices, the world is shifting to renewable energy sources to acquire energy. The economic downturn and the government's inability to import fuel have exacerbated the energy crisis in the Sri Lankan context. Every day, prolonged power outages become a part of people's lives, which drives people to find alternative solutions. Even though solar PV systems are a popular renewable energy source in Sri Lanka, having an on-grid solar system has no advantages during power outages. Thus, Sri Lanka has an apparent demand for off-grid solar systems. Therefore, this study investigates the merits and demerits of utilising off-grid solar systems from key stakeholders' perspectives. Three key stakeholders were identified: government authorities, off-grid solar service provider companies and off-grid solar users. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders were conducted after a thorough literature review. The collected interview data were analysed manually using content analysis. The study's findings revealed the significant merits of using off-grid solar systems in the Sri Lankan context as; the benefit of an uninterrupted power supply and reducing the national grid demand. The study revealed significant demerits: unavailability of proper regulations, capital-intensive investment, no return on investment and the lack of qualified people in the off-grid solar sector. The respective industry practitioners and stakeholders can use the knowledge gained from this study to promote and utilise future policy implications in the off-grid solar sector.","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117220432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The construction industry is crucial to the global economy, significantly contributing to local economies and their overall productivity. This is evident in India also, where the construction sector has substantially driven economic growth and development. However, as this industry grows, it poses a significant risk to environmental degradation. While sustainability in construction industry is often investigated from the perspective of design and planning phases, there is also growing recognition of the importance of addressing sustainability during construction phase. A quantitative approach was utilised to investigate the degree to which sustainable practices during construction phase (SPCPs) are implemented in India. Data was gathered from clients, contractors, and consultants, and 40 responses were obtained from 147 respondents contacted. The level of implementation of SPCPs was ranked, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to test the significant difference in perceptions among the three groups of respondents. The results indicated that five most frequently implemented SPCPs are: (i) health and safety inspection and auditing; (ii) health and safety training and education; (iii) preservation of archaeological sites, vegetation, and trees; (iv) construction equipment/machinery handling and utilisation strategy and (v) quality management systems. Some of the other fundamental sustainable practices that are under-implemented are: (i) construction noise/ vibration reduction measures; (ii) preassembly or off-site fabrication; (iii) sustainability assessment and recognition program and (iv) stormwater and greywater management plan. Findings of this study can provide guidance to construction industry practitioners in identifying areas that require enhancements, thereby fostering a collaborative approach towards advancing sustainable development goals
{"title":"Sustainability practices implemented in the Indian construction industry: a focus of construction phase","authors":"N. Thounaojam, G. Devkar, B. Laishram","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.81","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry is crucial to the global economy, significantly contributing to local economies and their overall productivity. This is evident in India also, where the construction sector has substantially driven economic growth and development. However, as this industry grows, it poses a significant risk to environmental degradation. While sustainability in construction industry is often investigated from the perspective of design and planning phases, there is also growing recognition of the importance of addressing sustainability during construction phase. A quantitative approach was utilised to investigate the degree to which sustainable practices during construction phase (SPCPs) are implemented in India. Data was gathered from clients, contractors, and consultants, and 40 responses were obtained from 147 respondents contacted. The level of implementation of SPCPs was ranked, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to test the significant difference in perceptions among the three groups of respondents. The results indicated that five most frequently implemented SPCPs are: (i) health and safety inspection and auditing; (ii) health and safety training and education; (iii) preservation of archaeological sites, vegetation, and trees; (iv) construction equipment/machinery handling and utilisation strategy and (v) quality management systems. Some of the other fundamental sustainable practices that are under-implemented are: (i) construction noise/ vibration reduction measures; (ii) preassembly or off-site fabrication; (iii) sustainability assessment and recognition program and (iv) stormwater and greywater management plan. Findings of this study can provide guidance to construction industry practitioners in identifying areas that require enhancements, thereby fostering a collaborative approach towards advancing sustainable development goals","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"340 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117293595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Productivity is a critical performance indicator of the construction industry, and thus warrants effective and efficient construction productivity measurement (CPM). Building information modelling (BIM), a digital representation of the building process, plays a significant role in effective and efficient CPM. Considering the high mandatory requirements for enhancement in construction productivity measurement, this paper aims to review the state-of-the-art literature on BIM-integrated CPM, to identify gaps in the existing body of knowledge and explore future research trends. The aim is achieved through a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis where the data are retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar and proposes future research directions. In total 260 publications were identified from the initial search, and 56 were shortlisted for full-text analysis after several levels of screening including duplication, title and abstract checking. Finally, 21 were narrowed yielded for detailed review for this study. The results mapped the yearly publication trend, publications by source and the co-occurrence of terms. The findings help to identify a suite of BIM-integrated CPM methods used in the construction industry and provide a foundation for future research in CPM. A framework is developed to illustrate the knowledge gap and future directions identified in this study. Accordingly, the findings revealed that existing studies on utilising BIM for CPM are limited to only 3D and 4D BIM. Further, there is a lack of studies on the feasibility of using BIM for CPM, fully automated BIM integrated CPM tools and real-time CPM through BIM.
生产力是建筑行业的一个重要绩效指标，因此保证了有效和高效的建筑生产力测量(CPM)。建筑信息模型(BIM)是建筑过程的数字表示，在有效和高效的CPM中起着重要作用。考虑到提高建筑生产力测量的高强制性要求，本文旨在回顾bim集成CPM的最新文献，找出现有知识体系中的差距，并探索未来的研究趋势。目的是通过系统的文献综述和文献计量分析，其中数据从Web of Science, Scopus和Google Scholar中检索，并提出未来的研究方向。从最初的检索中总共确定了260份出版物，经过重复、标题和摘要检查等几个层次的筛选，56份入选全文分析。最后，为本研究的详细审查，缩小了21个。结果绘制了年度出版物趋势、来源出版物和术语共现情况。这些发现有助于确定一套用于建筑行业的bim集成CPM方法，并为未来的CPM研究奠定基础。本文开发了一个框架来说明本研究中确定的知识差距和未来方向。因此，研究结果显示，现有的研究利用BIM的CPM仅限于3D和4D BIM。此外，缺乏对BIM在CPM中使用的可行性、全自动BIM集成CPM工具以及通过BIM进行实时CPM的研究。
{"title":"Building information modelling for construction productivity measurement","authors":"S. Archchana, W. Pan","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.25","url":null,"abstract":"Productivity is a critical performance indicator of the construction industry, and thus warrants effective and efficient construction productivity measurement (CPM). Building information modelling (BIM), a digital representation of the building process, plays a significant role in effective and efficient CPM. Considering the high mandatory requirements for enhancement in construction productivity measurement, this paper aims to review the state-of-the-art literature on BIM-integrated CPM, to identify gaps in the existing body of knowledge and explore future research trends. The aim is achieved through a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis where the data are retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar and proposes future research directions. In total 260 publications were identified from the initial search, and 56 were shortlisted for full-text analysis after several levels of screening including duplication, title and abstract checking. Finally, 21 were narrowed yielded for detailed review for this study. The results mapped the yearly publication trend, publications by source and the co-occurrence of terms. The findings help to identify a suite of BIM-integrated CPM methods used in the construction industry and provide a foundation for future research in CPM. A framework is developed to illustrate the knowledge gap and future directions identified in this study. Accordingly, the findings revealed that existing studies on utilising BIM for CPM are limited to only 3D and 4D BIM. Further, there is a lack of studies on the feasibility of using BIM for CPM, fully automated BIM integrated CPM tools and real-time CPM through BIM.","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116992257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Bandara, M. Gowsiga, A. Asmone, R.A.A. Dilogini
Every day, supermarkets create municipal solid waste, which makes up about 25% of all solid waste made in urban areas of Sri Lanka. Poor waste management in Sri Lankan supermarkets can have a big effect on greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, and public health by contaminating water, soil, and the air. To address this challenge, recycling, and resource recovery are two of the best sustainable waste management practices. Hence, the study aims to investigate the applicability of recycling and resource recovery techniques for Sri Lankan supermarket solid wastes. The research choice adopted in this study was a mixed method with a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews. A questionnaire survey with 70 participants from top-level management, middle management, and the front-line staff was conducted to identify waste types and management practices, and a semi-structured interview with three professionals who have experience in this field was conducted to validate the survey. Further statistical analysis and manual content analysis were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that the main waste types generated by Sri Lankan supermarkets are food, plastic, polythene, paper, and cardboard. Biogas and composting were found to be the most applicable on-site resource recovery techniques for these types of waste, and other techniques such as gasification, deinking for paper recycling, and recycling of plastic and polythene waste required the involvement of third-party resource recovery plants. The study can aid researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in coming up with and using waste management policies, laws, and guidelines for Sri Lankan supermarkets and other similar contexts.
{"title":"Applicability of recycling and resource recovery for solid waste of Sri Lankan supermarkets","authors":"K. Bandara, M. Gowsiga, A. Asmone, R.A.A. Dilogini","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.18","url":null,"abstract":"Every day, supermarkets create municipal solid waste, which makes up about 25% of all solid waste made in urban areas of Sri Lanka. Poor waste management in Sri Lankan supermarkets can have a big effect on greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, and public health by contaminating water, soil, and the air. To address this challenge, recycling, and resource recovery are two of the best sustainable waste management practices. Hence, the study aims to investigate the applicability of recycling and resource recovery techniques for Sri Lankan supermarket solid wastes. The research choice adopted in this study was a mixed method with a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews. A questionnaire survey with 70 participants from top-level management, middle management, and the front-line staff was conducted to identify waste types and management practices, and a semi-structured interview with three professionals who have experience in this field was conducted to validate the survey. Further statistical analysis and manual content analysis were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that the main waste types generated by Sri Lankan supermarkets are food, plastic, polythene, paper, and cardboard. Biogas and composting were found to be the most applicable on-site resource recovery techniques for these types of waste, and other techniques such as gasification, deinking for paper recycling, and recycling of plastic and polythene waste required the involvement of third-party resource recovery plants. The study can aid researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in coming up with and using waste management policies, laws, and guidelines for Sri Lankan supermarkets and other similar contexts.","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127639225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The construction industry is highly diverse and interconnects with many other industries The industry generated job opportunities to many and a significant economic multiplier. However, it was observed that an economic change in the country affects the industry adversely. The depletion of foreign currency reserves has significantly impacted Sri Lanka's construction industry in the recent past, from 2019 to date. Many stakeholders are currently encountering many issues, and as a result, many construction projects are in temporary shutdown. This study aimed to investigate the impact of foreign currency depletion on the Sri Lankan construction industry. The data collected from 15 semi-structured interviews conducted among professionals from the construction industry who work under contractors and professionals from the finance industry who are involved in the economic sector. A detailed literature study was undertaken to determine the causes and effects of the depletion of foreign reserves and qualitative semi-structured interviews were used to identify the positive and negative effects of the depletion of foreign currency on the construction industry. As a result, the findings featured results such as financial issues, unemployment, and frequent price escalation as severe impacts on the industry. The discussion also highlighted the strategies which are already imposed and suggested by the government and construction organisations. It included, implementing more foreign-funded projects, outsourcing new contracting or consulting overseas projects and expanding the export industry. Finally, the paper reveals the possible remedial strategies to minimise the impact of foreign currency depletion in the future.
{"title":"The Impact of the depletion of foreign currency reserves on the Sri Lankan construction industry","authors":"N. Jayasinghe, R. Palliyaguru","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.84","url":null,"abstract":"The construction industry is highly diverse and interconnects with many other industries The industry generated job opportunities to many and a significant economic multiplier. However, it was observed that an economic change in the country affects the industry adversely. The depletion of foreign currency reserves has significantly impacted Sri Lanka's construction industry in the recent past, from 2019 to date. Many stakeholders are currently encountering many issues, and as a result, many construction projects are in temporary shutdown. This study aimed to investigate the impact of foreign currency depletion on the Sri Lankan construction industry. The data collected from 15 semi-structured interviews conducted among professionals from the construction industry who work under contractors and professionals from the finance industry who are involved in the economic sector. A detailed literature study was undertaken to determine the causes and effects of the depletion of foreign reserves and qualitative semi-structured interviews were used to identify the positive and negative effects of the depletion of foreign currency on the construction industry. As a result, the findings featured results such as financial issues, unemployment, and frequent price escalation as severe impacts on the industry. The discussion also highlighted the strategies which are already imposed and suggested by the government and construction organisations. It included, implementing more foreign-funded projects, outsourcing new contracting or consulting overseas projects and expanding the export industry. Finally, the paper reveals the possible remedial strategies to minimise the impact of foreign currency depletion in the future.","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129985536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Sridarran, S. Jayakodi, S. Peiris, N. de Silva, J. Lai, U. Rathnayake, P. Dissanayake
Facilities Management (FM) is a multidisciplinary profession at the core of building operations management. As such, it requires a wide range of skills that differ significantly from region to region due to variable industry sizes, maturity levels, characteristics of building stocks and services, and occupant cultures. Consequently, it is essential to cultivate the necessary knowledge and skills to produce competent FM professionals to cater to the demand of the FM industry. Worldwide, various professional bodies have specified essential competencies for the FM profession. This study aims to reveal the current state of such competencies in the FM industry in Sri Lanka. Accordingly, a scrupulous literature review was conducted to identify the FM competencies. Twelve competency attributes germane to the Sri Lankan context were identified, and subsequently, a web-based questionnaire survey was conducted to analyse their importance and competence levels. The mean ratings were calculated using the received responses and were used to develop an Importance-Competence Analysis (ICA) matrix. The results indicated that ‘operations and maintenance’, ‘leadership’ and ‘technology’ are the prioritised competencies that need improvements through appropriate education and training.
{"title":"Exploring the facilities management education needs in Sri Lanka","authors":"P. Sridarran, S. Jayakodi, S. Peiris, N. de Silva, J. Lai, U. Rathnayake, P. Dissanayake","doi":"10.31705/wcs.2023.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.42","url":null,"abstract":"Facilities Management (FM) is a multidisciplinary profession at the core of building operations management. As such, it requires a wide range of skills that differ significantly from region to region due to variable industry sizes, maturity levels, characteristics of building stocks and services, and occupant cultures. Consequently, it is essential to cultivate the necessary knowledge and skills to produce competent FM professionals to cater to the demand of the FM industry. Worldwide, various professional bodies have specified essential competencies for the FM profession. This study aims to reveal the current state of such competencies in the FM industry in Sri Lanka. Accordingly, a scrupulous literature review was conducted to identify the FM competencies. Twelve competency attributes germane to the Sri Lankan context were identified, and subsequently, a web-based questionnaire survey was conducted to analyse their importance and competence levels. The mean ratings were calculated using the received responses and were used to develop an Importance-Competence Analysis (ICA) matrix. The results indicated that ‘operations and maintenance’, ‘leadership’ and ‘technology’ are the prioritised competencies that need improvements through appropriate education and training.","PeriodicalId":221447,"journal":{"name":"11th World Construction Symposium - 2023","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131394315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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