Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are commonly regarded as the Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP). PBDEs are ubiquitous, flame retardants widely found in synthetic polymers, clothing, plastics. PBDEs are threat to the safety of environment and health. Many reclamation studies such as biotransformation, remediation, and neutralisation are reported by chemical and biological processes. Out of the all the biological stood out due to its environmental-friendly and less production or formation of more potent daughter compounds than the parent. Bacterial species such as Pseudomonas, are majorly involved in eradication/removal of the environmental contaminant. The current study highlights the need to use consortium of the microbial species than a single strain and to increase its efficiency one can focus on involving inter-species (bacteria-fungus, bacteria-algae, fungus-algae) and concentrate on the enzymes released for the reductive-oxidative debromination of the PBDEs. The need is to centre the determination of the PBDEs in India and use indigenous organisms for the removal studies targeting the Indian scenario of the PBDEs production, consumption and release.
{"title":"Biodegradation of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers: A Minireview","authors":"Mini Review Article, Mehak Puri","doi":"10.33140/acmmj.01.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/acmmj.01.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are commonly regarded as the Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP). PBDEs are ubiquitous, flame retardants widely found in synthetic polymers, clothing, plastics. PBDEs are threat to the safety of environment and health. Many reclamation studies such as biotransformation, remediation, and neutralisation are reported by chemical and biological processes. Out of the all the biological stood out due to its environmental-friendly and less production or formation of more potent daughter compounds than the parent. Bacterial species such as Pseudomonas, are majorly involved in eradication/removal of the environmental contaminant. The current study highlights the need to use consortium of the microbial species than a single strain and to increase its efficiency one can focus on involving inter-species (bacteria-fungus, bacteria-algae, fungus-algae) and concentrate on the enzymes released for the reductive-oxidative debromination of the PBDEs. The need is to centre the determination of the PBDEs in India and use indigenous organisms for the removal studies targeting the Indian scenario of the PBDEs production, consumption and release.","PeriodicalId":221473,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical and Medical Microbiology","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132310909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1101/2022.11.30.22282668
M. Abdulsamad, F. Ebrahim, S. Tabal, S. Bashir, A. Aburgiga, M. Milad, M. Bareem
The begging of 2020 saw the development and trials of vaccines against Covid-19 at an unprecedented pace. The first half of 2021 has seen vaccine rollout in many countries, on the other hand, Immunity to covid-19 has exhibited to minimize the risk of having a severe infection and initiate an excellent degree against the disease. This study compares Anti-Spike IgG antibodies among vaccinated people with or without previous exposure to the coronavirus. To determine whether a single dose of sputnik V can produce significant antibody titer amongst previously infected cases and design vaccine dosage regimens accordingly. This study was performed at the Libyan biotechnology research Centre from August 2021 to December 2021. Blood samples were collected from 1811 adult males and females vaccinated with and without a history of exposure to covid-19. Previously infected individuals' record was noted separately. Samples were immediately analyzed by Beckman Unicel Dxl 600, Access immunoassay system. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9 Software. A P-value >0.5 was not significant. The Majority of candidates 60% of the total samples were males and on analysis, it was found that 72% of patients were seropositive, on the other hand, individuals who were vaccinated and have naive antibodies from the previous infection showed slightly higher immunological response rather than vaccinated patients without previous infected and this finding can help the policymakers to design a single-dose vaccine regimen for the former category. Keywords: Sputnik V, COVID-19, Antibody, Vaccine.
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Antibody response to the Sputnik Vaccine in previous infected Patients and non-infected one","authors":"M. Abdulsamad, F. Ebrahim, S. Tabal, S. Bashir, A. Aburgiga, M. Milad, M. Bareem","doi":"10.1101/2022.11.30.22282668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.30.22282668","url":null,"abstract":"The begging of 2020 saw the development and trials of vaccines against Covid-19 at an unprecedented pace. The first half of 2021 has seen vaccine rollout in many countries, on the other hand, Immunity to covid-19 has exhibited to minimize the risk of having a severe infection and initiate an excellent degree against the disease. This study compares Anti-Spike IgG antibodies among vaccinated people with or without previous exposure to the coronavirus. To determine whether a single dose of sputnik V can produce significant antibody titer amongst previously infected cases and design vaccine dosage regimens accordingly. This study was performed at the Libyan biotechnology research Centre from August 2021 to December 2021. Blood samples were collected from 1811 adult males and females vaccinated with and without a history of exposure to covid-19. Previously infected individuals' record was noted separately. Samples were immediately analyzed by Beckman Unicel Dxl 600, Access immunoassay system. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9 Software. A P-value >0.5 was not significant. The Majority of candidates 60% of the total samples were males and on analysis, it was found that 72% of patients were seropositive, on the other hand, individuals who were vaccinated and have naive antibodies from the previous infection showed slightly higher immunological response rather than vaccinated patients without previous infected and this finding can help the policymakers to design a single-dose vaccine regimen for the former category. Keywords: Sputnik V, COVID-19, Antibody, Vaccine.","PeriodicalId":221473,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical and Medical Microbiology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123030400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Herbal medicines and food products have extensively been looked upon for decades due to their biocompatible nature and the least adverse effects. At the same pace, plant-based cosmetics and toiletries are capturing the market due to their eco-friendly nature and compatibility with human skin. The marketed soaps and hand washes are based on toxic fatty acid salts, surfactants, and perfumes that are not only harmful to the skin but to the environment as well. The commonly used surfactant in soaps and hand washes, sodium lauryl sulfate makes the skin dry and sensitive. Moreover, the water getting polluted by SLS when entering the water bodies, makes the aquatic life vulnerable. So, it becomes important to formulate such hand washes that are biocompatible, without compromising their cleansing action and anti-microbial properties. This piece of work explores the formulation of an anti-bacterial hand wash having a good cleansing action to serve the purpose of maintaining personal hygiene in a biocompatible and eco-friendly way. Results: Herbal hand wash gel was prepared and evaluated using plant extracts, having potent anti-microbial action (minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.4cm and 3.7 cm for S. aureus and P.aeruginosa respectively). Conclusion: Formulation of plant based hand wash products by replacing the synthetic surfactants with natural saponins and antimicrobial extracts can be useful for regular use on skin, while reducing the toxic load on environment as well.
{"title":"Formulation and Evaluation of Anti-Microbial Herbal Hand Wash Gel Containing Aqueous Extract of Sapindus Mukorossi","authors":"Jagtar Singh, Mohit Sharma, Thakur Prava, Ritik Kaundal, Ritika Behl, Suryadev Tripathi","doi":"10.33140/acmmj.01.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/acmmj.01.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Herbal medicines and food products have extensively been looked upon for decades due to their biocompatible nature and the least adverse effects. At the same pace, plant-based cosmetics and toiletries are capturing the market due to their eco-friendly nature and compatibility with human skin. The marketed soaps and hand washes are based on toxic fatty acid salts, surfactants, and perfumes that are not only harmful to the skin but to the environment as well. The commonly used surfactant in soaps and hand washes, sodium lauryl sulfate makes the skin dry and sensitive. Moreover, the water getting polluted by SLS when entering the water bodies, makes the aquatic life vulnerable. So, it becomes important to formulate such hand washes that are biocompatible, without compromising their cleansing action and anti-microbial properties. This piece of work explores the formulation of an anti-bacterial hand wash having a good cleansing action to serve the purpose of maintaining personal hygiene in a biocompatible and eco-friendly way. Results: Herbal hand wash gel was prepared and evaluated using plant extracts, having potent anti-microbial action (minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.4cm and 3.7 cm for S. aureus and P.aeruginosa respectively). Conclusion: Formulation of plant based hand wash products by replacing the synthetic surfactants with natural saponins and antimicrobial extracts can be useful for regular use on skin, while reducing the toxic load on environment as well.","PeriodicalId":221473,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical and Medical Microbiology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122538772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Researc H Article, Navika Gupta, S. Chandra, Anu T. Singh, M. Jaggi
The objective of the present study was to isolate oleanolic acid from the roots of Lantana camara, and characterize it chemically using DSC, HPLC, and FTIR methods, and additionally carrying out a short term assay for assessment of its mutagenic potential by conducting bacterial reverse mutation test to evaluate the ability of the “Oleanolic acid (Pentacyclic Triterpenoid)” to induce point mutations in tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium in both presence and absence of exogenous metabolic activation system (S9) containing microsomal enzymes. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), High Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers were used to chemically analyze the isolated molecule. Oleanolic acid was utilized to carry out Preliminary Cytotoxicity and mutagenicity study. According to the results of spectrophotometric research, oleanolic acid extracted from Lantana camara roots exhibits identical spectrum characteristics to standard oleanolic acid also the mutagenic potential of Oleanolic acid (Pentacyclic Triterpenoid). Oleanolic acid was found to be non-mutagenic in all five test strains of Salmonella typhimurium—TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535, and TA1537 employing plate incorporation assays. It may be determined that oleanolic acid isolated from Lantana camara roots gives identical, identifiable signals and absorbance like previously reported reference standard based on the results of DLC, HPLC, and FTIR spectra and their interpretation and was determined that oleanolic acid purified from Lantana camara roots is non-mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium.
{"title":"Characterization of Lantana Camara Roots (Pentacyclic Triterpenoid) and Mutagenicity Testing of Extracted Oleanolic Acid Using Salmonella Typhimurium","authors":"Researc H Article, Navika Gupta, S. Chandra, Anu T. Singh, M. Jaggi","doi":"10.33140/acmmj.01.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/acmmj.01.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study was to isolate oleanolic acid from the roots of Lantana camara, and characterize it chemically using DSC, HPLC, and FTIR methods, and additionally carrying out a short term assay for assessment of its mutagenic potential by conducting bacterial reverse mutation test to evaluate the ability of the “Oleanolic acid (Pentacyclic Triterpenoid)” to induce point mutations in tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium in both presence and absence of exogenous metabolic activation system (S9) containing microsomal enzymes. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), High Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers were used to chemically analyze the isolated molecule. Oleanolic acid was utilized to carry out Preliminary Cytotoxicity and mutagenicity study. According to the results of spectrophotometric research, oleanolic acid extracted from Lantana camara roots exhibits identical spectrum characteristics to standard oleanolic acid also the mutagenic potential of Oleanolic acid (Pentacyclic Triterpenoid). Oleanolic acid was found to be non-mutagenic in all five test strains of Salmonella typhimurium—TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535, and TA1537 employing plate incorporation assays. It may be determined that oleanolic acid isolated from Lantana camara roots gives identical, identifiable signals and absorbance like previously reported reference standard based on the results of DLC, HPLC, and FTIR spectra and their interpretation and was determined that oleanolic acid purified from Lantana camara roots is non-mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium.","PeriodicalId":221473,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical and Medical Microbiology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121660839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hepatitis B infection is usually higher among health workers than the general population, particularly in the sub-Saharan region. WHO recommends vaccination for all health care workers (HCWs) against the highly infectious, blood borne virus: HBV. However, previous studies reported that knowledge of HCWs toward the hepatitis B infection, Hepatitis B vaccine and their vaccination coverage was low and vary among HCWs in different settings. Objective: This study was aimed to assess knowledge about HBV infection, HBV vaccine and status of HBV vaccination among healthcare workers in TASH, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March 10 to September 10, 2020. Methods and Materials: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted on 358 HCWs who were selected randomly. Stratified random sampling method was used to collect the data using self-administered questionnaire. Then, the data was entered into Epi-data 4.2 version and was exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26 for analysis. All covariates that showed p value < 0.25 in binary logistic analysis were further analyzed by multiple logistic regressions to detect true predictors. Result: Among the health care workers, who participated in this study, 180 (51.4%) of them had adequate knowledge on the HBV infection. Medical doctors were the most knowledgeable among the HCWs, with interns [AOR=11.3(95% CI=4.5- 28.6)], consultant physicians [AOR=7(95% CI=3.1-15.9)] & resident physicians [AOR=3.5(95% CI=1.9-6.9)] being significant predictors of good knowledge. Vaccination coverage was 60% which was predicted by a shorter work experience [AOR=4.7(95%=1.4-5.8)]. Conclusion: This study reveals that general knowledge level of HCWs about HBV is inadequate and vaccine coverage is suboptimal. Thus, concerned stakeholders should devote more efforts to improve the health care workers awareness about the virus and role of its vaccine and also more work to avail vaccine
背景:卫生工作者中的乙型肝炎感染率通常高于一般人群，特别是在撒哈拉以南地区。世卫组织建议所有卫生保健工作者接种高传染性血源性病毒HBV疫苗。然而，先前的研究报道，卫生保健工作者对乙型肝炎感染、乙型肝炎疫苗及其疫苗接种覆盖率的了解程度较低，并且在不同环境下卫生保健工作者之间存在差异。目的:本研究旨在评估2020年3月10日至9月10日埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴TASH地区医护人员对HBV感染、HBV疫苗和HBV疫苗接种情况的了解情况。方法与材料:对随机抽取的358名医护人员进行以医院为基础的横断面研究。采用分层随机抽样的方法，采用自填问卷收集资料。然后将数据输入Epi-data 4.2版本，导出到SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) 26版本进行分析。对于二元logistic分析中p值< 0.25的协变量，进一步进行多元logistic回归分析，检测真实预测因子。结果:参与本研究的医护人员中，有180人(51.4%)对HBV感染有充分的了解。医生是卫生保健工作者中知识最渊博的，实习生[AOR=11.3(95% CI=4.5- 28.6)]、会诊医师[AOR=7(95% CI=3.1-15.9)]和住院医师[AOR=3.5(95% CI=1.9-6.9)]是良好知识的显著预测因子。疫苗接种率为60%，这是由较短的工作经验预测的[AOR=4.7(95%=1.4-5.8)]。结论:本研究揭示了卫生保健工作者对HBV的一般知识水平不足，疫苗覆盖率不理想。因此，有关利益攸关方应加大努力，提高卫生保健工作者对病毒及其疫苗作用的认识，并加大疫苗利用力度
{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge on Hepatitis B infection, Hepatitis B Vaccine and Vaccination Status Among Health Care Workers in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/acmmj.01.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/acmmj.01.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis B infection is usually higher among health workers than the general population, particularly in the sub-Saharan region. WHO recommends vaccination for all health care workers (HCWs) against the highly infectious, blood borne virus: HBV. However, previous studies reported that knowledge of HCWs toward the hepatitis B infection, Hepatitis B vaccine and their vaccination coverage was low and vary among HCWs in different settings. Objective: This study was aimed to assess knowledge about HBV infection, HBV vaccine and status of HBV vaccination among healthcare workers in TASH, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March 10 to September 10, 2020. Methods and Materials: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted on 358 HCWs who were selected randomly. Stratified random sampling method was used to collect the data using self-administered questionnaire. Then, the data was entered into Epi-data 4.2 version and was exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26 for analysis. All covariates that showed p value < 0.25 in binary logistic analysis were further analyzed by multiple logistic regressions to detect true predictors. Result: Among the health care workers, who participated in this study, 180 (51.4%) of them had adequate knowledge on the HBV infection. Medical doctors were the most knowledgeable among the HCWs, with interns [AOR=11.3(95% CI=4.5- 28.6)], consultant physicians [AOR=7(95% CI=3.1-15.9)] & resident physicians [AOR=3.5(95% CI=1.9-6.9)] being significant predictors of good knowledge. Vaccination coverage was 60% which was predicted by a shorter work experience [AOR=4.7(95%=1.4-5.8)]. Conclusion: This study reveals that general knowledge level of HCWs about HBV is inadequate and vaccine coverage is suboptimal. Thus, concerned stakeholders should devote more efforts to improve the health care workers awareness about the virus and role of its vaccine and also more work to avail vaccine","PeriodicalId":221473,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical and Medical Microbiology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116487326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a proteolytic enzyme that indirectly regulates serum LDL cholesterol by destroying LDL receptors. The main role of proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type9 (PCSK9) inhibitor in cholesterol regulation was elucidated in clinical studies. It is produced in the liver but is also present in the kidney and intestine. It prevents HMGCo from synthesizing cholesterol. SREBP-2 is a reductase that is induced by statins. In a dose-dependent manner, increasing SREBP-2 levels enhanced LDL-R and PCSK9 gene expression. At the minimum, two procedures have been developed to overcome the plasma level of PCSK9 prohibit. This is the LDLR test, polyclonal antibodies, and sentience oligonucleotide. Lower dosage statin treatment with a proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type9 inhibitor will be most efficient in lowering LDL and avoiding statin adverse effects. In multiple long-term trials, statins have been found to reduce cardiovascular mortality by 30% and stroke incidence by 20%. In this way, we conclude the role of PCSK9 in hypercholesterolemia.
{"title":"Pharmacology and Therapeutic Potential of Pcsk9 Inhibitors","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/acmmj.01.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/acmmj.01.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a proteolytic enzyme that indirectly regulates serum LDL cholesterol by destroying LDL receptors. The main role of proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type9 (PCSK9) inhibitor in cholesterol regulation was elucidated in clinical studies. It is produced in the liver but is also present in the kidney and intestine. It prevents HMGCo from synthesizing cholesterol. SREBP-2 is a reductase that is induced by statins. In a dose-dependent manner, increasing SREBP-2 levels enhanced LDL-R and PCSK9 gene expression. At the minimum, two procedures have been developed to overcome the plasma level of PCSK9 prohibit. This is the LDLR test, polyclonal antibodies, and sentience oligonucleotide. Lower dosage statin treatment with a proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type9 inhibitor will be most efficient in lowering LDL and avoiding statin adverse effects. In multiple long-term trials, statins have been found to reduce cardiovascular mortality by 30% and stroke incidence by 20%. In this way, we conclude the role of PCSK9 in hypercholesterolemia.","PeriodicalId":221473,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical and Medical Microbiology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128546150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-03DOI: 10.20944/preprints202111.0080.v1
Han Wang, Xiaoshu Zhou, W. Du, Lina Huang
Background. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an advanced technology for the latest 20 years. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are the major innovations for AI, which has been applied for multiple fields. Ophthalmology has become to be one of the most significant disciplines for human healthcare. Methodology. This study utilizes methods of text mining and bibliometric analysis to explore applications of AI to ophthalmology. 179 related articles from Web of Science (WOS) and 96 papers from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) are explored during the period of 2000 to 2021. A descriptive analysis of major trends, journal releasing, topic mapping and quotation relationships is implemented in this paper. Leading authors, journals, institutions, nations and references in the related research are identified. Results. Findings show that the application of AI technologies in ophthalmologic diagnosis with optical coherence tomography (OCT) fundus images is the core topic for this area’s studies, especially for diabetic retinopathy (DR), aged macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma. It is also be predicted as the core direction over the recent years. Besides, The USA, England and China is the most competitive countries in this scientific filed. Journals of Ophthalmology, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, Acta Ophthalmologica and Scientific Reports are the top five journal related to the research area. There is a significant difference between WOS and CNKI databases pertaining to the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to ophthalmology, especially for the historic development, topic mapping and discipline category. Finally, the potential academic value of interdisciplinary subject of “AI in Ophthalmology” and tradition Chinese medicine (TRM) is discussed. Limitations and suggestions for the future research is indicated at the end of this paper.
背景。人工智能(AI)是近20年来的一项先进技术。机器学习(ML)和深度学习(DL)是人工智能的主要创新，已经应用于多个领域。眼科学已成为人类医疗保健最重要的学科之一。方法。本研究采用文本挖掘和文献计量分析的方法，探讨人工智能在眼科中的应用。本文对2000 - 2021年中国科学网络(WOS)的179篇相关论文和中国知网(CNKI)的96篇相关论文进行了检索。本文对主要趋势、期刊发布、主题映射和引文关系进行了描述性分析。识别相关研究的主要作者、期刊、机构、国家和参考文献。结果。研究结果表明，人工智能技术在光学相干断层扫描(OCT)眼底图像眼科诊断中的应用是该领域研究的核心课题，特别是对糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)、老年性黄斑变性(AMD)和青光眼的诊断。这也被预测为未来几年的核心发展方向。此外，美国、英国和中国是这一科学领域最具竞争力的国家。《Ophthalmology》、《Investigative ophthalology and Visual Science》、《Eye》、《Acta ophthal》和《Scientific Reports》是与该研究领域相关的前五大期刊。人工智能(AI)在眼科领域的应用，WOS与CNKI数据库在历史发展、主题映射、学科分类等方面存在显著差异。最后，对“眼科学人工智能”与中医交叉学科的潜在学术价值进行了探讨。文章最后指出了研究的局限性和对未来研究的建议。
{"title":"The application of Artificial Intelligence to Ophthalmology: A bibliometric study (2000-2021)","authors":"Han Wang, Xiaoshu Zhou, W. Du, Lina Huang","doi":"10.20944/preprints202111.0080.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202111.0080.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an advanced technology for the latest 20 years. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are the major innovations for AI, which has been applied for multiple fields. Ophthalmology has become to be one of the most significant disciplines for human healthcare. Methodology. This study utilizes methods of text mining and bibliometric analysis to explore applications of AI to ophthalmology. 179 related articles from Web of Science (WOS) and 96 papers from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) are explored during the period of 2000 to 2021. A descriptive analysis of major trends, journal releasing, topic mapping and quotation relationships is implemented in this paper. Leading authors, journals, institutions, nations and references in the related research are identified. Results. Findings show that the application of AI technologies in ophthalmologic diagnosis with optical coherence tomography (OCT) fundus images is the core topic for this area’s studies, especially for diabetic retinopathy (DR), aged macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma. It is also be predicted as the core direction over the recent years. Besides, The USA, England and China is the most competitive countries in this scientific filed. Journals of Ophthalmology, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, Acta Ophthalmologica and Scientific Reports are the top five journal related to the research area. There is a significant difference between WOS and CNKI databases pertaining to the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to ophthalmology, especially for the historic development, topic mapping and discipline category. Finally, the potential academic value of interdisciplinary subject of “AI in Ophthalmology” and tradition Chinese medicine (TRM) is discussed. Limitations and suggestions for the future research is indicated at the end of this paper.","PeriodicalId":221473,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical and Medical Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132137775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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