Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.34259/ijew.19.609305309
Afaf H. Ali, Ihtesham Ahmed, S. Saher
{"title":"Synthesis of Non Precious Metals (NPM) Electrocatalysts for Higher ORR Efficiency in Fuel Cell Applications","authors":"Afaf H. Ali, Ihtesham Ahmed, S. Saher","doi":"10.34259/ijew.19.609305309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.609305309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124387551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-17DOI: 10.34259/ijew.19.609292299
Nanjing
{"title":"Analysis of Heat Generation Hardness Distribution and Tensile Strength of Friction Plug Welding","authors":"Nanjing","doi":"10.34259/ijew.19.609292299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.609292299","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115903810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-15DOI: 10.34259/ijew.19.609288291
S. Rannels, M. Falconieri, K. S. Phillips, E. Wolpert, T. Weaver
{"title":"Comparison of Satellite and Ground based Solar Data for Peshawar, Pakistan","authors":"S. Rannels, M. Falconieri, K. S. Phillips, E. Wolpert, T. Weaver","doi":"10.34259/ijew.19.609288291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.609288291","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129547301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-07DOI: 10.34259/ijew.19.609280287
F. Ullah
This paper gives a brief review of the concept of sensor networks which has become feasible due to large scale development in micro electro-mechanical systems technology and wireless communications. First of all, sensor node deployment and sensor networks applications are presented, and then various issues regarding sensor node lifetime are discussed. Then, to solve sensor node issues, various energy conservation techniques, their advantages and limitations are discussed. The energy conservation techniques are compared using MATLAB and best routing protocol is shown. Lastly, wireless power transfer to replenish sensor node battery is discussed. A review of wireless power transfer history and various development in this technology is also given to solve the energy issue of sensor node. Research issues for efficiency improvement of wireless sensor network are also discussed. Keywords— Wireless sensor network (WSN), energy conservation, wireless energy transfer, Routing, energy harvesting.
{"title":"Energy Efficient Routing Protocols and Introduction to Wireless Recharging of Sensor Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"F. Ullah","doi":"10.34259/ijew.19.609280287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.609280287","url":null,"abstract":"This paper gives a brief review of the concept of sensor networks which has become feasible due to large scale development in micro electro-mechanical systems technology and wireless communications. First of all, sensor node deployment and sensor networks applications are presented, and then various issues regarding sensor node lifetime are discussed. Then, to solve sensor node issues, various energy conservation techniques, their advantages and limitations are discussed. The energy conservation techniques are compared using MATLAB and best routing protocol is shown. Lastly, wireless power transfer to replenish sensor node battery is discussed. A review of wireless power transfer history and various development in this technology is also given to solve the energy issue of sensor node. Research issues for efficiency improvement of wireless sensor network are also discussed. Keywords— Wireless sensor network (WSN), energy conservation, wireless energy transfer, Routing, energy harvesting.","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132750486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.34259/ijew.19.609275279
J. Anwar
{"title":"Mitigating Low Frequency Oscillations in Interconnected Power System","authors":"J. Anwar","doi":"10.34259/ijew.19.609275279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.609275279","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115618418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.34259/ijew.19.609269274
Faizan Dad, M. I. Khan, A. Wajid
{"title":"Performance Analysis of Micro Strip Patch Antenna at 2.4 GHz using Metamaterial","authors":"Faizan Dad, M. I. Khan, A. Wajid","doi":"10.34259/ijew.19.609269274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.609269274","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134137610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.34259/ijew.19.609310313
A. Khan, M. S. Khattak, M. Khan, Saadia Rehman
Temperature is a key driving force in hydrological cycle, defining the extent of climate change. It causes the alteration in hydrological cycle process, limiting and intensifying the rainfall, increasing the rate of evapotranspiration and changes the crop pattern and duration over a region. Its future analysis is utmost to cope with negative effects of climate change over a specified region. This study also investigates, the future temperature pattern over Gomal River Basin (GRB). To undertake the study, downscaled daily temperature data of four General Circulation Models (GCMS) namely; bcc_csm1_1_m, mpi_esm_mr, ncar_ccsm4 and ncc_noresm1_m and their ensemble mean were first compared and validated with observed data for the period of 1980-2005. After that, temperature was projected for the mid-century (2020-2060) for the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5. The analysis were carried out based on the four seasons; winter (December-February), spring (March-May), summer (June-August) and autumn (September-November). The results indicate that, the basin temperature was accurately predicted by the ensemble mean of the four GCMs with R value of 0.9. All the GCMs projected a warming in future in all seasons. Winter warming is more compared to other seasons. Proper adaptation strategies are needed to cope with the adverse impacts of global warming in the basin. Keywords— Temperature, Climate Change, CMIP5, GCMs, GRB
{"title":"https://www.ijew.io/paper/projecting-future-temperature-using-cmip5-gcms-over-transboundary-gomal-river-basin","authors":"A. Khan, M. S. Khattak, M. Khan, Saadia Rehman","doi":"10.34259/ijew.19.609310313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.609310313","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature is a key driving force in hydrological cycle, defining the extent of climate change. It causes the alteration in hydrological cycle process, limiting and intensifying the rainfall, increasing the rate of evapotranspiration and changes the crop pattern and duration over a region. Its future analysis is utmost to cope with negative effects of climate change over a specified region. This study also investigates, the future temperature pattern over Gomal River Basin (GRB). To undertake the study, downscaled daily temperature data of four General Circulation Models (GCMS) namely; bcc_csm1_1_m, mpi_esm_mr, ncar_ccsm4 and ncc_noresm1_m and their ensemble mean were first compared and validated with observed data for the period of 1980-2005. After that, temperature was projected for the mid-century (2020-2060) for the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5. The analysis were carried out based on the four seasons; winter (December-February), spring (March-May), summer (June-August) and autumn (September-November). The results indicate that, the basin temperature was accurately predicted by the ensemble mean of the four GCMs with R value of 0.9. All the GCMs projected a warming in future in all seasons. Winter warming is more compared to other seasons. Proper adaptation strategies are needed to cope with the adverse impacts of global warming in the basin. Keywords— Temperature, Climate Change, CMIP5, GCMs, GRB","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132453005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.34259/ijew.19.608253257
Muhammad Safdar, Alamgir Ahmad Khattak, A. Khan, Abdul Basit
Due to the environmental concerns the focus is on clean energy generation globally. Hydrokinetic is one such emerging technology that is clean and abundantly available in Pakistan. Also we have energy crises so in areas where these resources are abundant if fed from locally generated electricity, the load on central grid can be reduced. This paper focuses on a battery-less system for hydrokinetics. PMSG is used and then a rectifier to convert its output to DC. This changing DC is then converted to a fixed 12 volts and regulated. Eliminating storage the output of this converter is fed to a UPS which changes it to alternating current of fixed voltage and frequency. Keywords— Buck converter, permanent magnet synchronous generator, hydrokinetic.
{"title":"Rural Electrification Through an Efficient Regulated System","authors":"Muhammad Safdar, Alamgir Ahmad Khattak, A. Khan, Abdul Basit","doi":"10.34259/ijew.19.608253257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.608253257","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the environmental concerns the focus is on clean energy generation globally. Hydrokinetic is one such emerging technology that is clean and abundantly available in Pakistan. Also we have energy crises so in areas where these resources are abundant if fed from locally generated electricity, the load on central grid can be reduced. This paper focuses on a battery-less system for hydrokinetics. PMSG is used and then a rectifier to convert its output to DC. This changing DC is then converted to a fixed 12 volts and regulated. Eliminating storage the output of this converter is fed to a UPS which changes it to alternating current of fixed voltage and frequency. Keywords— Buck converter, permanent magnet synchronous generator, hydrokinetic.","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121148551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-22DOI: 10.34259/ijew.19.608258268
R. Shah, M. Jamil, K. Shahzad, Abdual Basit
{"title":"Compatative Analysis of Linear and Nonlinear Control Strategies for Grid-tie Inverter in PV based Distributed Generation Systems","authors":"R. Shah, M. Jamil, K. Shahzad, Abdual Basit","doi":"10.34259/ijew.19.608258268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.608258268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114305342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.34259/ijew.21.808226231
Kashif Abbas, W. Alam
Technological advancements have a broad scope in terms of experimental, analytical, field cases and numerical studies in complex petroleum engineering projects. These can be pertinent to transportation system and gathering and safety in oil and gas production. The current research was aimed at examining the challenges pertinent to safety prognostic technology as well as various ways in which it can be implemented for resolving issues in complex petroleum engineering projects. For the conduct of this research, qualitative methodology was used and primary data was assessed to present critical evaluation of the stated aim. The interviews were conducted from 10 petroleum engineers working in different public and private companies in Pakistan. The snowball technique followed by thematic analysis data analysis technique was applied for the generation of primary findings. The results of the research examined that safety prognostic technologies are significant in terms of enhancing safety, reliability and reducing the possible errors in maintenance. It has further examined that in complex engineering systems, there are multiple propagation paths to different consequences some of which might differ with respect to the most single faults. Keywords— Complex Petroleum Engineering Projects, Safety Prognostic Technology, Diagnostic Models.
{"title":"Assessing Safety Prognostic Technology for Complex Petroleum Engineering Projects","authors":"Kashif Abbas, W. Alam","doi":"10.34259/ijew.21.808226231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34259/ijew.21.808226231","url":null,"abstract":"Technological advancements have a broad scope in terms of experimental, analytical, field cases and numerical studies in complex petroleum engineering projects. These can be pertinent to transportation system and gathering and safety in oil and gas production. The current research was aimed at examining the challenges pertinent to safety prognostic technology as well as various ways in which it can be implemented for resolving issues in complex petroleum engineering projects. For the conduct of this research, qualitative methodology was used and primary data was assessed to present critical evaluation of the stated aim. The interviews were conducted from 10 petroleum engineers working in different public and private companies in Pakistan. The snowball technique followed by thematic analysis data analysis technique was applied for the generation of primary findings. The results of the research examined that safety prognostic technologies are significant in terms of enhancing safety, reliability and reducing the possible errors in maintenance. It has further examined that in complex engineering systems, there are multiple propagation paths to different consequences some of which might differ with respect to the most single faults. Keywords— Complex Petroleum Engineering Projects, Safety Prognostic Technology, Diagnostic Models.","PeriodicalId":221480,"journal":{"name":"International journal of Engineering Works","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125119811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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