Abstract Noise is unwanted sound that can cause health problems and environmental comfort at a certain level and time. Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NHL) is a type of sensorineural hearing loss caused by exposure to sufficient/loud noise over a long period of time. This study was conducted to determine the effect of noise on the hearing of workers working in the Ground Handling area of Samarinda airport, to determine the noise level received by workers in the Airport Ground Handling Area, and to know the importance of using PPE on the hearing of workers while doing work. The noise measurement method is measuring at predetermined points using a Sound Level Meter. Then, it was continued by measuring the hearing level of workers in a soundproof room alternately using audiometry, then a correlation test was carried out to determine the relationship between the two variables, namely noise and the hearing level of workers. Based on the results of the study, it is known from the results of the average hearing that has been correlated with total noise exposure in the work area, it can be seen that the hearing level of workers is decreasing over time, this is due to the amount of noise exposure received by workers during work activities.
{"title":"Hubungan tingkat intensitas bunyi dengan penurunan daya dengar pekerja","authors":"Asmar Adhan Ramadhan, Pratiwi Sri Wardani, Devina Rayzy Perwitasari Sutaji Putri","doi":"10.30872/ppj.v2i2.781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v2i2.781","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Noise is unwanted sound that can cause health problems and environmental comfort at a certain level and time. Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NHL) is a type of sensorineural hearing loss caused by exposure to sufficient/loud noise over a long period of time. This study was conducted to determine the effect of noise on the hearing of workers working in the Ground Handling area of Samarinda airport, to determine the noise level received by workers in the Airport Ground Handling Area, and to know the importance of using PPE on the hearing of workers while doing work. The noise measurement method is measuring at predetermined points using a Sound Level Meter. Then, it was continued by measuring the hearing level of workers in a soundproof room alternately using audiometry, then a correlation test was carried out to determine the relationship between the two variables, namely noise and the hearing level of workers. Based on the results of the study, it is known from the results of the average hearing that has been correlated with total noise exposure in the work area, it can be seen that the hearing level of workers is decreasing over time, this is due to the amount of noise exposure received by workers during work activities.","PeriodicalId":221598,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Physics Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125703970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Supercapacitor is an alternative media for electrical storage, this media is different from conventional battery and capacitor, supercapacitor is capacitor with bigger capacitance than battery. The purpose of this research is to find out how long it takes in the process of charging and discharging the voltage on the supercapacitor, by using 3 methods of charging and discharging namely charging and discharging singly, series and parallel. From the results obtained, the time of charging on single pair supercapacitor needs 5 hours and the time for discharging supercapacitor needs 11 hours and thirty minutes. The process on two supercapacitors in series, the time to charging needs 27 hours and the time to discharging needs 12 hours, while the two parallel supercapacitors needs 5 hours to fill and needs 15 hours to empty the supercapacitor.
{"title":"studi penggunaan superkapasitor sebagai media penyimpan energi","authors":"Nurhasmia Nurhasmia","doi":"10.30872/ppj.v2i2.770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v2i2.770","url":null,"abstract":"Supercapacitor is an alternative media for electrical storage, this media is different from conventional battery and capacitor, supercapacitor is capacitor with bigger capacitance than battery. The purpose of this research is to find out how long it takes in the process of charging and discharging the voltage on the supercapacitor, by using 3 methods of charging and discharging namely charging and discharging singly, series and parallel. From the results obtained, the time of charging on single pair supercapacitor needs 5 hours and the time for discharging supercapacitor needs 11 hours and thirty minutes. The process on two supercapacitors in series, the time to charging needs 27 hours and the time to discharging needs 12 hours, while the two parallel supercapacitors needs 5 hours to fill and needs 15 hours to empty the supercapacitor.","PeriodicalId":221598,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Physics Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125661236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melti Lestiyani Lestiyani, S. Muliyono, Devina Rayzy Perwitasari Sutaji Putri
Research has been carried out on the relationship between the level of sound intensity and the distance on region 1 and region 2 from a power generator set (genset) at the Dayaku Raja Hospital, Kota Bangun. The sound intensity level value (β) is used as the dependent variable and the distance value (d) is used as the independent variable. Measurement distance in region 1 is 7 meters, while in region 2 is 30 meters, where measurement space of β is 1 meter used Sound Level Meter. Furthermore, average of β plotted with the distance (d), which the distance from the outer surface of the gensets house wall to measurement point of β (region 1) and the distance from the inner surface of the halfway house wall to measurement point of β (region 2) which the longer of the distance the smaller β are produced, where the linier curves with negative gradient are produced, that is (-1,6dB/m)d + 71,9dB (region 1) dan β = (-0,2dB/m)d + 50,1dB (region 2). On the research, β is on the range of 60 dB to 70 dB on region 1 and 40 dB to 50 dB on region 2 are produced. Thus, β from a power generator (genset) at the Dayaku Raja Hospital Kota Bangun less than Noise Threshold Value based on Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi No. 13/MEN/X/2011.
在Kota Bangun的Dayaku Raja医院，对声强水平与1区和2区与发电机组的距离之间的关系进行了研究。声强级值(β)作为因变量，距离值(d)作为自变量。区域1的测量距离为7米，区域2为30米，其中β的测量空间为1米，使用声级计。此外,β绘制的平均距离(d),发电机组的外表面的距离的房子墙测量角度β(区域1)和内表面的距离的一半房子墙上测量角度β(区域2)的时间距离越小产生β,划线的曲线与负梯度是在哪里生产的,这是(1、6 db / m) d + 71, 9 db(区域1)丹β= (0,2 db / m) 50 d + 1 db(区域2)。在研究中,β在区域1的范围为60 dB至70 dB，在区域2的范围为40 dB至50 dB。因此，根据Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi No. 13/MEN/X/2011, Kota banun Dayaku Raja医院发电机(发电机组)的β小于噪声阈值。
{"title":"Kaitan Tingkat Intensitas Bunyi terhadap Jarak dari Mesin Pembangkit Listrik (Genset) di RSUD Dayaku Raja Kota Bangun","authors":"Melti Lestiyani Lestiyani, S. Muliyono, Devina Rayzy Perwitasari Sutaji Putri","doi":"10.30872/ppj.v2i2.773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v2i2.773","url":null,"abstract":"Research has been carried out on the relationship between the level of sound intensity and the distance on region 1 and region 2 from a power generator set (genset) at the Dayaku Raja Hospital, Kota Bangun. The sound intensity level value (β) is used as the dependent variable and the distance value (d) is used as the independent variable. Measurement distance in region 1 is 7 meters, while in region 2 is 30 meters, where measurement space of β is 1 meter used Sound Level Meter. Furthermore, average of β plotted with the distance (d), which the distance from the outer surface of the gensets house wall to measurement point of β (region 1) and the distance from the inner surface of the halfway house wall to measurement point of β (region 2) which the longer of the distance the smaller β are produced, where the linier curves with negative gradient are produced, that is (-1,6dB/m)d + 71,9dB (region 1) dan β = (-0,2dB/m)d + 50,1dB (region 2). On the research, β is on the range of 60 dB to 70 dB on region 1 and 40 dB to 50 dB on region 2 are produced. Thus, β from a power generator (genset) at the Dayaku Raja Hospital Kota Bangun less than Noise Threshold Value based on Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi No. 13/MEN/X/2011.","PeriodicalId":221598,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Physics Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122667182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Direct Current (DC) magnetron sputtering is one of the Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) technique that use plasma as a medium. In this experiment, vacuum pumps, vacuum tubes (plasma reactor), capacitor, MOT transformers, HV bridge diodes, and regulator transformers is the main instrumen of DC magnetron sputtering. By ionizing the trapped gas inside the vacuum tube we created the plasma. The ionization process can be done by giving DC high voltage electricity to the trapped gas in the plasma reactor that formed plasma. DC high voltage electricity (at 800-1600 Volt) can be form using regulator transformers, MOT transformers, HV bridge diodes, and HV capacitor. Plasma’s are ignited with the distance between the electrodes which is 2, 4, 6, and 8 cm and two different vacuum pump. From the experiment we got plasma at 35 Volt on regulator transformers or 464 Volt that measure on the electrodes.
{"title":"Pembangkitan Plasma Menggunakan Metode High-Voltage Direct Current Untuk Aplikasi Direct Current Magnetron Sputtering","authors":"Syarifah Nihlah Yahya, Fadli Robiandi, Ikal Maknun","doi":"10.30872/ppj.v2i2.778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v2i2.778","url":null,"abstract":"Direct Current (DC) magnetron sputtering is one of the Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) technique that use plasma as a medium. In this experiment, vacuum pumps, vacuum tubes (plasma reactor), capacitor, MOT transformers, HV bridge diodes, and regulator transformers is the main instrumen of DC magnetron sputtering. By ionizing the trapped gas inside the vacuum tube we created the plasma. The ionization process can be done by giving DC high voltage electricity to the trapped gas in the plasma reactor that formed plasma. DC high voltage electricity (at 800-1600 Volt) can be form using regulator transformers, MOT transformers, HV bridge diodes, and HV capacitor. Plasma’s are ignited with the distance between the electrodes which is 2, 4, 6, and 8 cm and two different vacuum pump. From the experiment we got plasma at 35 Volt on regulator transformers or 464 Volt that measure on the electrodes.","PeriodicalId":221598,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Physics Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133995463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noise is a sound that humans do not want and it is an environmental factor that can negatively affect health. To overcome the noise issue, many efforts have been made to reduce noise levels. An example is the manufacture of the walls of a house using materials with sound and absorbent standards. The materials used can also be derived from types of wood such as plywood, wood panels and calciboards. Therefore, the value of its sound absorption coefficient is calculated to find out which active material is to be used in the manufacture of the building. Based on the research results, the value of the sound absorption coefficient of the three types of materials, it can be seen that the shape of the graph and its analysis states that the lowest sound absorption coefficient is most likely at the lower frequencies and the highest value of the sound absorption coefficient tends to be at the higher frequencies. In fact, when viewed as a whole, the magnitude and magnitude of the sound absorption coefficient on the graph is not in line with the increase in the frequency value.
{"title":"Analisis Koefisien Serapan (Absorbsi) kebisingan pada Bahan Kayu (Triplek, Papan Kayu dan Kalsiboard)","authors":"Siti Istikhomah, Syahrir Syahrir, Adrianus Inu Natalisanto","doi":"10.30872/ppj.v2i1.748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v2i1.748","url":null,"abstract":"Noise is a sound that humans do not want and it is an environmental factor that can negatively affect health. To overcome the noise issue, many efforts have been made to reduce noise levels. An example is the manufacture of the walls of a house using materials with sound and absorbent standards. The materials used can also be derived from types of wood such as plywood, wood panels and calciboards. Therefore, the value of its sound absorption coefficient is calculated to find out which active material is to be used in the manufacture of the building. Based on the research results, the value of the sound absorption coefficient of the three types of materials, it can be seen that the shape of the graph and its analysis states that the lowest sound absorption coefficient is most likely at the lower frequencies and the highest value of the sound absorption coefficient tends to be at the higher frequencies. In fact, when viewed as a whole, the magnitude and magnitude of the sound absorption coefficient on the graph is not in line with the increase in the frequency value.","PeriodicalId":221598,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Physics Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128518477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to measure the UV intensity received by the welders during working time and compare the results of measured radiation intensity which is obtained with the NAB in Regulation of the Minister of Manpower No. 05 of 2018 that is 0,0008 mW/cm2. The reason for using this NAB is for compare value while welding process with the value were allowed from Regulation of the Minister of Manpower. This study has been done in some workshops using the UV Meter and focused on the welders’ eye, elbow and calf area with 10 repetitions in each area. The results for eye area were 0.0749 mW/cm2, for elbow area were 0.0843 mW/cm2and for calf area were 0.0934 mW/cm2and all the results obtained exceed the NAB. The high value is caused by the environmental conditions is open and also affected by indeterminate sunlight, the risks received the welders in watery eye and headache because of the welder are disobey in using PPE while welding process.
{"title":"Menentukan Intensitas Radiasi UV yang Diterima Pekerja Pengelasan dengan Titik Area Mata, Siku, dan Betis","authors":"Muliana Dai, Kadek Subagiada, Adrianus Inu Natalisanto","doi":"10.30872/ppj.v2i1.736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v2i1.736","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to measure the UV intensity received by the welders during working time and compare the results of measured radiation intensity which is obtained with the NAB in Regulation of the Minister of Manpower No. 05 of 2018 that is 0,0008 mW/cm2. The reason for using this NAB is for compare value while welding process with the value were allowed from Regulation of the Minister of Manpower. This study has been done in some workshops using the UV Meter and focused on the welders’ eye, elbow and calf area with 10 repetitions in each area. The results for eye area were 0.0749 mW/cm2, for elbow area were 0.0843 mW/cm2and for calf area were 0.0934 mW/cm2and all the results obtained exceed the NAB. The high value is caused by the environmental conditions is open and also affected by indeterminate sunlight, the risks received the welders in watery eye and headache because of the welder are disobey in using PPE while welding process.","PeriodicalId":221598,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Physics Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127323767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Putri Islam Nur Hikmah, Mislan Mislan, Rahmiati Munir
Information of temperature and humidity in planting media is very important for cultivation activities and the process of plant growth, where the real time process is very useful to determine the watering process on planting media. The purpose of the research that has been done was to design a monitoring system for soil temperature and humidity on the planting media and to make an automatic plant watering sprinkler by detecting soil moisture. A design for monitoring soil temperature and humidity on planting media has been made with a microcontroller. This instrument works when the pump detects soil with a range from 0-3 cm/Hg for dry, 3.1-6 cm/Hg for moist and 6-7.9 cm/Hg for wet. When the soil is dry, the pump will work by removing water and stop when the soil is damp or wet.
{"title":"Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Suhu dan Kelembaban Tanah pada Media Tanam Berbasis Mikrokontroler ATMEGA328P","authors":"Putri Islam Nur Hikmah, Mislan Mislan, Rahmiati Munir","doi":"10.30872/ppj.v2i1.752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v2i1.752","url":null,"abstract":"Information of temperature and humidity in planting media is very important for cultivation activities and the process of plant growth, where the real time process is very useful to determine the watering process on planting media. The purpose of the research that has been done was to design a monitoring system for soil temperature and humidity on the planting media and to make an automatic plant watering sprinkler by detecting soil moisture. A design for monitoring soil temperature and humidity on planting media has been made with a microcontroller. This instrument works when the pump detects soil with a range from 0-3 cm/Hg for dry, 3.1-6 cm/Hg for moist and 6-7.9 cm/Hg for wet. When the soil is dry, the pump will work by removing water and stop when the soil is damp or wet.","PeriodicalId":221598,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Physics Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125625312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. W. A. Al Asyrafi, Adrianus Inu Natalisanto, Rahmat Gunawan
Rochelle Salt is the first synthesis Crystal made by Pierre Siegnette La Rocchelle in France. Rochelle Salt have several characteriztion one of them is piezoelectric effect where the crystal can change the kinetic energy to electrical energy instead this is the one of rewenable source altenative energy. Rochelle Salt can be made with tartar cream and washing soda reacted with distilled water as a solvent. The solution is reacted until there is no more reaction or supersaturation condition. Wait the solution for 2 days until the crystal seed appears. The crystal growth using the method of growing crystal in solution for 1 month until the crystal bigger enough for research to find the piezoelectric effect. Based on the result that have been obtained, Rochelle Salt have piezoelectric effect. Crystal hit using with wooden hitter and metal hitter, the voltage is increase when the crystal is hit by hitter. The piezoelectric also disappear along with time.
罗谢尔盐是法国的Pierre Siegnette La Rochelle合成的第一个晶体。罗谢尔盐有几个特点，其中一个是压电效应，晶体可以将动能转化为电能，这是一种可再生的替代能源。罗谢尔盐可以用酒石膏和洗涤苏打与蒸馏水反应作为溶剂制成。将溶液进行反应，直到不再有反应或过饱和状态。等待2天，直到晶体种子出现。晶体生长采用在溶液中生长晶体1个月的方法，直到晶体足够大，以便研究发现压电效应。根据所得到的结果，罗谢尔盐具有压电效应。晶体敲击用木制敲打器和金属敲打器，当晶体被敲打时电压升高。压电也随着时间的推移而消失。
{"title":"Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Rochelle Salt Crystal","authors":"M. W. A. Al Asyrafi, Adrianus Inu Natalisanto, Rahmat Gunawan","doi":"10.30872/ppj.v2i1.745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v2i1.745","url":null,"abstract":"Rochelle Salt is the first synthesis Crystal made by Pierre Siegnette La Rocchelle in France. Rochelle Salt have several characteriztion one of them is piezoelectric effect where the crystal can change the kinetic energy to electrical energy instead this is the one of rewenable source altenative energy. Rochelle Salt can be made with tartar cream and washing soda reacted with distilled water as a solvent. The solution is reacted until there is no more reaction or supersaturation condition. Wait the solution for 2 days until the crystal seed appears. The crystal growth using the method of growing crystal in solution for 1 month until the crystal bigger enough for research to find the piezoelectric effect. Based on the result that have been obtained, Rochelle Salt have piezoelectric effect. Crystal hit using with wooden hitter and metal hitter, the voltage is increase when the crystal is hit by hitter. The piezoelectric also disappear along with time.","PeriodicalId":221598,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Physics Journal","volume":"271 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123113499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knowing the condition of the waters is very important for the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. The condition of the waters so as not to have a bad impact on aquatic ecosystems can be known through temperature and salinity parameters. Seawater temperature is the distribution of heat in the ocean caused by the movement of water and other factors. The salinity of seawater is the level of saltiness or the level of salt dissolved in seawater. Temperature can be measured using a thermometer and salinity is measured using a refractometer. However, using these tools requires time, effort, cost, and manual data retrieval processes. Therefore, this research aims to make a temperature and salinity measuring instrument and determine the relationship between Voltage and salinity in the seawater. This research used the method of measuring electrical conductivity (DHL) to determine a change in magnitude. The temperature and salinity design consisted of an Arduino Uno, a YL-38 Module, and copper as an electrode, and a DS18B20 Temperature Sensor. the result of this research shows that has been done, the average error presentation of salinity is 0.00732% and temperature is 0.044 %. Through this research, salinity and the temperature instrument produced using electrodes made of copper and DS18B20 which operate at a Voltage of 4,8 Volts. The obtained a linear graph between stress and salinity. The relationship between voltage and salinity is directly proportional, the higher the salinity of seawater, the greater the output voltage.
{"title":"Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Suhu dan Salinias pada Air Laut","authors":"Azizah Bella Azizah Bella, Devina Rayzy Perwitasari Sutaji Putri, Idris Mandang","doi":"10.30872/ppj.v2i1.767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/ppj.v2i1.767","url":null,"abstract":"Knowing the condition of the waters is very important for the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. The condition of the waters so as not to have a bad impact on aquatic ecosystems can be known through temperature and salinity parameters. Seawater temperature is the distribution of heat in the ocean caused by the movement of water and other factors. The salinity of seawater is the level of saltiness or the level of salt dissolved in seawater. Temperature can be measured using a thermometer and salinity is measured using a refractometer. However, using these tools requires time, effort, cost, and manual data retrieval processes. Therefore, this research aims to make a temperature and salinity measuring instrument and determine the relationship between Voltage and salinity in the seawater. This research used the method of measuring electrical conductivity (DHL) to determine a change in magnitude. The temperature and salinity design consisted of an Arduino Uno, a YL-38 Module, and copper as an electrode, and a DS18B20 Temperature Sensor. the result of this research shows that has been done, the average error presentation of salinity is 0.00732% and temperature is 0.044 %. Through this research, salinity and the temperature instrument produced using electrodes made of copper and DS18B20 which operate at a Voltage of 4,8 Volts. The obtained a linear graph between stress and salinity. The relationship between voltage and salinity is directly proportional, the higher the salinity of seawater, the greater the output voltage.","PeriodicalId":221598,"journal":{"name":"Progressive Physics Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121336006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiara Nur Hikmaulida, Memi Nor Hayati, Sri Wahyuningsih
The statistical method used to analyze spatial data and spatial statistics. The case study in this study is the average number of hotspots in East Kalimantan by Regency / City in 2016-2018. This study aims to analyze the presence or absence of spatial autocorrelation in the data on the number of hotspots, determine the distribution pattern of hotspots, as well as determine the level of vulnerability of potential areas for forest and land fires in East Kalimantan by Regency / City in 2016-2018. The method used to analyze spatial autocorrelation globally and determine the distribution patterns is the Moran Index. Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA) to analyze spatial autocorrelation locally. Spatial autocorrelation analysis results globally using the Moran Index with α = 25% shows that there is a spatial autocorrelation in the average number of hotspots in East Kalimantan in 2016-2018. The distribution pattern of hotspots in East Kalimantan is the pattern of spread which shows that in 2016-2018 the hotspots spread in each district / city of East Kalimantan. Meanwhile, the results of the local analysis using LISA showed that there were spatial autocorrelations in several districts / cities in East Kalimantan. The method used to determine the level of vulnerability of potential forest and land fires is Flexibly Shaped Spatial Scan Statistics and LISA. The results showed that the regencies / cities included in the category of forest and land fire hazard were Samarinda City, Bontang City, Kutai Kartanegara District and East Kutai.
用于分析空间数据和空间统计的统计学方法。本研究的案例研究是2016-2018年东加里曼丹按摄政/城市划分的热点平均数量。本研究旨在分析热点数量数据中是否存在空间自相关，确定热点分布格局，并确定2016-2018年东加里曼丹省各县/市森林和土地火灾潜在区域的脆弱性水平。从全局角度分析空间自相关性并确定其分布格局的方法是Moran指数。局部空间自相关指示器(Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation, LISA)用于局部分析空间自相关。采用α = 25%的Moran指数进行全球空间自相关分析结果表明，2016-2018年东加里曼丹地区热点平均数量存在空间自相关。东加里曼丹热点分布格局为传播格局，2016-2018年热点分布于东加里曼丹各区/市。同时，利用LISA的局部分析结果表明，东加里曼丹的几个区/市存在空间自相关性。用于确定潜在森林和土地火灾脆弱性等级的方法是灵活形空间扫描统计和LISA。结果表明，被列入森林和土地火灾危险类别的县/市为萨玛林达市、邦塘市、库台Kartanegara区和东库台。
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