Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764611
I. Mayordomo, J. Bernhard
In this paper the implementation of an automatic leakage cancellation for UHF (Ultra High Frequency) RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) readers is presented. The system architecture and the control algorithms are described in detail. The proposed architecture has been completely implemented and measurements have been carried out for evaluation. The system is demonstrated to adaptively change the control signals to achieve an optimal leakage cancellation for every situation. It is shown that the Control Module keeps the leakage cancellation level between 41 dB and 46 dB, despite the leakage properties being changed by means of a phase shifter. It is also demonstrated that without such a module, the leakage power increases exponentially as the leakage properties change; e.g. from −41 dBm to −3 dBm with 30° phase shift. Finally, the system time response has been measured and the system operation has been evaluated in a reflective environment.
{"title":"Implementation of an adaptive leakage cancellation control for passive UHF RFID readers","authors":"I. Mayordomo, J. Bernhard","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764611","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the implementation of an automatic leakage cancellation for UHF (Ultra High Frequency) RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) readers is presented. The system architecture and the control algorithms are described in detail. The proposed architecture has been completely implemented and measurements have been carried out for evaluation. The system is demonstrated to adaptively change the control signals to achieve an optimal leakage cancellation for every situation. It is shown that the Control Module keeps the leakage cancellation level between 41 dB and 46 dB, despite the leakage properties being changed by means of a phase shifter. It is also demonstrated that without such a module, the leakage power increases exponentially as the leakage properties change; e.g. from −41 dBm to −3 dBm with 30° phase shift. Finally, the system time response has been measured and the system operation has been evaluated in a reflective environment.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115323619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764632
M. Goller, M. Brandner
The extended reader ranges in the UHF band enable many new applications of RFID systems in the logistic sector. However, this also introduces false positive reads which can cause severe performance issues in the backend system. The performance of RFID gates as basic building blocks of RFID systems directly determines the overall behavior of the RFID application. Approaches to improve the robustness of gates with respect to false positive reads include the heuristic incorporation of proximity sensors and the use of multiple antennae. In this paper we present a comparison of three gate concepts which differ in complexity of the underlying algorithms and hardware requirements. We experimentally evaluate the performance of these gates in a standard conveyor belt application under real-world conditions.
{"title":"Experimental evaluation of RFID gate concepts","authors":"M. Goller, M. Brandner","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764632","url":null,"abstract":"The extended reader ranges in the UHF band enable many new applications of RFID systems in the logistic sector. However, this also introduces false positive reads which can cause severe performance issues in the backend system. The performance of RFID gates as basic building blocks of RFID systems directly determines the overall behavior of the RFID application. Approaches to improve the robustness of gates with respect to false positive reads include the heuristic incorporation of proximity sensors and the use of multiple antennae. In this paper we present a comparison of three gate concepts which differ in complexity of the underlying algorithms and hardware requirements. We experimentally evaluate the performance of these gates in a standard conveyor belt application under real-world conditions.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116197353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764634
J. Xi, Hailong Zhu, Terry Tao Ye
Printed RFID antenna is a promising solution for itemlevel tagging applications. In order to integrate the antenna printing with the package printing process, it is highly preferred that antenna geometries are printed on paper substrates. However, the electromagnetic property and thickness of paper substrates are subject to change. Thus wideband and material-insensitive printed RFID antennas are desired. This paper presents an analytical model for wideband tag antenna designs. Two matching scenarios, i.e. single-tuned match and double-tuned match, are particularly discussed in detail. Two slim-line antennas printed on paper with screen printing technique are proposed. They benefit from the single-tuned/double-tuned bandwidth optimization and demonstrate a great potential in conductive ink saving. Influences of dielectrics on the bandwidth performance are also studied. It is demonstrated that the proposed double-tuned antenna can cover the whole UHF RFID band, and can tolerate a considerable variation in the permittivity like 1∼9 on thin paper substrates.
{"title":"Exploration of printing-friendly RFID antenna designs on paper substrates","authors":"J. Xi, Hailong Zhu, Terry Tao Ye","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764634","url":null,"abstract":"Printed RFID antenna is a promising solution for itemlevel tagging applications. In order to integrate the antenna printing with the package printing process, it is highly preferred that antenna geometries are printed on paper substrates. However, the electromagnetic property and thickness of paper substrates are subject to change. Thus wideband and material-insensitive printed RFID antennas are desired. This paper presents an analytical model for wideband tag antenna designs. Two matching scenarios, i.e. single-tuned match and double-tuned match, are particularly discussed in detail. Two slim-line antennas printed on paper with screen printing technique are proposed. They benefit from the single-tuned/double-tuned bandwidth optimization and demonstrate a great potential in conductive ink saving. Influences of dielectrics on the bandwidth performance are also studied. It is demonstrated that the proposed double-tuned antenna can cover the whole UHF RFID band, and can tolerate a considerable variation in the permittivity like 1∼9 on thin paper substrates.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122011372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764609
Hoon-Do Choi, Yeonsu Jung, Yunju Baek
With the increasing amount of traffic volume on containers, not only identification but also location estimation of assets has become an important issue in logistics automation in a port environment. The locating system is generally composed of tags, readers, and a location engine. Tags are attached to the object and obtain information via communication with readers that are installed around the tags. The engine continuously attempts to estimate the location of tags by using the obtained information. However, if we attempt to apply this common locating system to a port environment for logistics automation, the system performance is degraded because there are many steel obstacles that cause interference in the RF communication and measurement. In this paper, we propose a two-step approach for location estimation in harsh port environments. We divided readers into two types (fixed and mobile readers); hence, the location method operates in two steps for efficient wireless communication and precise measurement. We implemented all the system components and installed these at a real port for evaluation. The communication and estimation success rate is more than 50% better than that of the existing general locating system, and the location precision is substantially increased.
{"title":"Two-step locating system for harsh marine port environments","authors":"Hoon-Do Choi, Yeonsu Jung, Yunju Baek","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764609","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing amount of traffic volume on containers, not only identification but also location estimation of assets has become an important issue in logistics automation in a port environment. The locating system is generally composed of tags, readers, and a location engine. Tags are attached to the object and obtain information via communication with readers that are installed around the tags. The engine continuously attempts to estimate the location of tags by using the obtained information. However, if we attempt to apply this common locating system to a port environment for logistics automation, the system performance is degraded because there are many steel obstacles that cause interference in the RF communication and measurement. In this paper, we propose a two-step approach for location estimation in harsh port environments. We divided readers into two types (fixed and mobile readers); hence, the location method operates in two steps for efficient wireless communication and precise measurement. We implemented all the system components and installed these at a real port for evaluation. The communication and estimation success rate is more than 50% better than that of the existing general locating system, and the location precision is substantially increased.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127219110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764608
A. Wille, Magdalena Broll, S. Winter
RFID localization is a promising new field of work that is eagerly awaited for many different types of applications. For use in a medical context, special requirements and limitations must be taken into account, especially regarding accuracy, reliability and operating range. In this paper we present an experimental setup for a medical navigation system based on RFID. For this we applied a machine learning algorithm, namely support vector regression, to phase difference data gathered from multiple RFID receivers. The performance was tested on six datasets of different shape and placement within the volume spanned by the receivers. In addition, two grid based training sets of different size were considered for the regression. Our results show that it is possible to reach an accuracy of tag localization that is sufficient for some medical applications. Although we could not reach an overall accuracy of less than one millimeter in our experiments so far, the deviation was limited to two millimeters in most cases and the general results indicate that application of RFID localization even to highly critical applications, e. g., for brain surgery, will be possible soon.
{"title":"Phase difference based RFID navigation for medical applications","authors":"A. Wille, Magdalena Broll, S. Winter","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764608","url":null,"abstract":"RFID localization is a promising new field of work that is eagerly awaited for many different types of applications. For use in a medical context, special requirements and limitations must be taken into account, especially regarding accuracy, reliability and operating range. In this paper we present an experimental setup for a medical navigation system based on RFID. For this we applied a machine learning algorithm, namely support vector regression, to phase difference data gathered from multiple RFID receivers. The performance was tested on six datasets of different shape and placement within the volume spanned by the receivers. In addition, two grid based training sets of different size were considered for the regression. Our results show that it is possible to reach an accuracy of tag localization that is sufficient for some medical applications. Although we could not reach an overall accuracy of less than one millimeter in our experiments so far, the deviation was limited to two millimeters in most cases and the general results indicate that application of RFID localization even to highly critical applications, e. g., for brain surgery, will be possible soon.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131962567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764617
Pavel V. Nikitin, K. S. Rao, Sander Lam
In this paper, we present RFID tags which double as paperclips. These tags use standard metal paperclip bodies as antennas. This way, the paper holding function of each paperclip is augmented by its RFID functionality. Paperclip tags can be designed so that as they slide on or off the stack of papers, their antenna wires either touch or separate, changing tag sensitivity and causing tags to be activated or deactivated. We provide a survey of the prior work, describe the concept of a paperclip tag, demonstrate several prototypes accompanied by experimental results and electromagnetic simulations, and discuss possible applications and future work.
{"title":"RFID paperclip tags","authors":"Pavel V. Nikitin, K. S. Rao, Sander Lam","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764617","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present RFID tags which double as paperclips. These tags use standard metal paperclip bodies as antennas. This way, the paper holding function of each paperclip is augmented by its RFID functionality. Paperclip tags can be designed so that as they slide on or off the stack of papers, their antenna wires either touch or separate, changing tag sensitivity and causing tags to be activated or deactivated. We provide a survey of the prior work, describe the concept of a paperclip tag, demonstrate several prototypes accompanied by experimental results and electromagnetic simulations, and discuss possible applications and future work.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132193463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764618
Botao Shao, Qiang Chen, Ran Liu, Li-Rong Zheng
This paper reports on the development of a 10-bit chipless RFID tag on flexible plastic substrate. This tag is based on sympathetic oscillations of a group of LC circuits with different resonant frequencies. Sophisticated designs including the placement of capacitors involved in each LC circuit, and various LC combinations are examined for the trade-off of the readability and the tag sizes. Moreover, the antennas for detecting the proposed tags are presented. The measurement results show that the proposed tag possesses remarkable readability for a read range up to 21 cm and more importantly, it is suited for tagging liquid-bearing containers, which are widely used in food and medical industries. In addition, this tag is reconfigurable on circuit level, enabling a potential pathway towards the realization of low cost RFID tags for HF/VHF band applications.
{"title":"A reconfigurable chipless RFID tag based on sympathetic oscillation for liquid-bearing applications","authors":"Botao Shao, Qiang Chen, Ran Liu, Li-Rong Zheng","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764618","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the development of a 10-bit chipless RFID tag on flexible plastic substrate. This tag is based on sympathetic oscillations of a group of LC circuits with different resonant frequencies. Sophisticated designs including the placement of capacitors involved in each LC circuit, and various LC combinations are examined for the trade-off of the readability and the tag sizes. Moreover, the antennas for detecting the proposed tags are presented. The measurement results show that the proposed tag possesses remarkable readability for a read range up to 21 cm and more importantly, it is suited for tagging liquid-bearing containers, which are widely used in food and medical industries. In addition, this tag is reconfigurable on circuit level, enabling a potential pathway towards the realization of low cost RFID tags for HF/VHF band applications.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129330790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764635
Botao Shao, Qiang Chen, Ran Liu, Li-Rong Zheng
The development of RFID technology are requiring high performance and low cost tag antennas than ever before. To meet these demands, linear tapering technique is firstly proposed in the design of planar tag antennas. With this strategy, the current distribution along antenna arms is effectively assigned by varying the antenna line width. Compared with conventional ones, the tapered antennas can reduce the material cost by over 40% not only for PCB (Printed Circuit Board) processed, but also for ink-jet printing produced dipole and meander line antennas, while they still maintain comparable performance. With an identical volume of conducting material, the tapered antennas can achieve better radiation performance than non-tapered ones on antenna gains and radiation efficiencies. The method has been successfully verified by applying it onto 869 MHz and 2.45 GHz antennas. The influence of the tapering technique on antenna bandwidth is also investigated.
{"title":"Linearly-tapered RFID tag antenna with 40% material reduction for ultra-low-cost applications","authors":"Botao Shao, Qiang Chen, Ran Liu, Li-Rong Zheng","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764635","url":null,"abstract":"The development of RFID technology are requiring high performance and low cost tag antennas than ever before. To meet these demands, linear tapering technique is firstly proposed in the design of planar tag antennas. With this strategy, the current distribution along antenna arms is effectively assigned by varying the antenna line width. Compared with conventional ones, the tapered antennas can reduce the material cost by over 40% not only for PCB (Printed Circuit Board) processed, but also for ink-jet printing produced dipole and meander line antennas, while they still maintain comparable performance. With an identical volume of conducting material, the tapered antennas can achieve better radiation performance than non-tapered ones on antenna gains and radiation efficiencies. The method has been successfully verified by applying it onto 869 MHz and 2.45 GHz antennas. The influence of the tapering technique on antenna bandwidth is also investigated.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"118 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120827467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764615
A. Sample, J. Braun, Aaron N. Parks, Joshua R. Smith
The most significant barrier to improving passive RFID tag performance for both fixed function ID tags and enhanced RFID tags is the limitation on the amount of power that can be harvested for operation. This paper presents a novel approach for incorporating solar harvesting capability into existing passive RFID tags without increasing the parts count or changing the tag assembly process. Our approach employs the tag's antenna as a dual function element in which the antenna simultaneously harvests RF energy, communicates with the RFID reader, and harvests solar energy for auxiliary power. This is accomplished by using low cost, printable photovoltaics deposited on flexible substrate to form part of the antenna's radiating structure. Several prototype UHF RFID antennas are demonstrated using commercially available thin film, amorphous solar cells. To quantify the improvement in tag performance, Intel's WISP was used as an initial test vehicle. The effective read range of the tag was increased by six times and exceeded the reader's sensitivity limitations. Additionally, the new antenna allowed for sensing and computing operations to take place independent of the RFID reader under typical office lighting conditions.
{"title":"Photovoltaic enhanced UHF RFID tag antennas for dual purpose energy harvesting","authors":"A. Sample, J. Braun, Aaron N. Parks, Joshua R. Smith","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764615","url":null,"abstract":"The most significant barrier to improving passive RFID tag performance for both fixed function ID tags and enhanced RFID tags is the limitation on the amount of power that can be harvested for operation. This paper presents a novel approach for incorporating solar harvesting capability into existing passive RFID tags without increasing the parts count or changing the tag assembly process. Our approach employs the tag's antenna as a dual function element in which the antenna simultaneously harvests RF energy, communicates with the RFID reader, and harvests solar energy for auxiliary power. This is accomplished by using low cost, printable photovoltaics deposited on flexible substrate to form part of the antenna's radiating structure. Several prototype UHF RFID antennas are demonstrated using commercially available thin film, amorphous solar cells. To quantify the improvement in tag performance, Intel's WISP was used as an initial test vehicle. The effective read range of the tag was increased by six times and exceeded the reader's sensitivity limitations. Additionally, the new antenna allowed for sensing and computing operations to take place independent of the RFID reader under typical office lighting conditions.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122623362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-12DOI: 10.1109/RFID.2011.5764613
Michael Buettner, D. Wetherall
We present the design and evaluation of a flexible UHF RFID reader that enables new PHY/MAC designs to be prototyped and evaluated. Our reader is built using the USRP software radio platform in conjunction with software we developed in the open-source GNU Radio framework. We believe it is the first inexpensive tool that readily enables changes to the physical and MAC layer of RFID systems. We evaluate our reader and show that it can inventory commercial tags out to 6 meters, which approximates the range of a commercial reader with comparable transmit power. We then show two applications of our reader. The first evaluates the real-world performance of the EPC frame selection algorithm and finds that it performs better than expected. Second, using the Intel WISP programmable RFID tag, we implement and evaluate an extension to the Gen 2 standard that results in up to a five-fold increase in sample rate for streamed sensor data.
{"title":"A software radio-based UHF RFID reader for PHY/MAC experimentation","authors":"Michael Buettner, D. Wetherall","doi":"10.1109/RFID.2011.5764613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFID.2011.5764613","url":null,"abstract":"We present the design and evaluation of a flexible UHF RFID reader that enables new PHY/MAC designs to be prototyped and evaluated. Our reader is built using the USRP software radio platform in conjunction with software we developed in the open-source GNU Radio framework. We believe it is the first inexpensive tool that readily enables changes to the physical and MAC layer of RFID systems. We evaluate our reader and show that it can inventory commercial tags out to 6 meters, which approximates the range of a commercial reader with comparable transmit power. We then show two applications of our reader. The first evaluates the real-world performance of the EPC frame selection algorithm and finds that it performs better than expected. Second, using the Intel WISP programmable RFID tag, we implement and evaluate an extension to the Gen 2 standard that results in up to a five-fold increase in sample rate for streamed sensor data.","PeriodicalId":222446,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on RFID","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128748450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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