Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2024.2310328
Thomas Barbiero, Haiwen Zhou
{"title":"Culture and Economic Development in Late Comers: Comparing China and India","authors":"Thomas Barbiero, Haiwen Zhou","doi":"10.1080/10971475.2024.2310328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2024.2310328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22382,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Economy","volume":"61 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139687893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2024.2303793
Chenyu Jin, Cihangir Kan
{"title":"Determinants of Chinese Exports of Metal Manufactures and Discussion on Export Potential During Pandemic: Based on Trade Gravity Model","authors":"Chenyu Jin, Cihangir Kan","doi":"10.1080/10971475.2024.2303793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2024.2303793","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22382,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Economy","volume":"55 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139526783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2023.2295638
H. Karamelikli, Serdar Ongan, Ismet Gocer, Mine Aysen Doyran
{"title":"Production-Driven and Non-Production-Driven Bilateral Trade Balance: Assessing Trade Deficits between the United States and China and the COVID-19 Epidemic","authors":"H. Karamelikli, Serdar Ongan, Ismet Gocer, Mine Aysen Doyran","doi":"10.1080/10971475.2023.2295638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2023.2295638","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22382,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139383722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2023.2281211
Fuqi Cui, Xiang Gao, Zhan Wang
{"title":"The Crowding-Out Effect of ESG Practices on Social Welfare: Evidence from China","authors":"Fuqi Cui, Xiang Gao, Zhan Wang","doi":"10.1080/10971475.2023.2281211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2023.2281211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22382,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Economy","volume":"59 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139241613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-28DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2023.2266097
Qiang Wu, Ying Chen, Yayou Huang, Aoxue Wang, Chunling Wang
AbstractInternational educational exchanges have brought favorable conditions for bilateral economic and trade cooperation. Taking 54 countries along the “Belt and Road” as a sample, the article links the “Belt and Road” education exchange with China’s export and analyzes the internal logic mechanism of education exchange affecting China’s export. The study found that studying in China and opening Confucius Institutes significantly promoted China’s export to countries along the line. Among them, Confucius Institutes promote China’s export less than overseas education, and the trade creation effect of overseas education in China is significantly different in different types, regions, and economic development levels. Further research shows that education exchanges can promote China’s export by promoting human capital accumulation in trade partners and establishing internationally friendly relations. Because of this, the international community should actively carry out educational exchanges, enrich exchange forms, improve the level and quality of educational exchanges, and provide international talent support for trade cooperation while promoting the construction of friendly economic and trade relations.Keywords: The belt and roadeducation exchangeconfucius instituteexport AcknowledgmentsWe thank this paper’s anonymous and non-anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments.Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the 2022 key project of the Hubei Provincial Education Science Plan: Research on the Impact of Higher Education Development on Industrial Structure Optimization in Hubei Province [grant number 2022GA091].This work was also supported by the 2022 Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Guidance Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education: Evaluation of International Competitiveness of Higher Education and Research on Countermeasures and Suggestions for the Development of Higher Education in Hubei [grant number 22G160].
{"title":"How Does International Education Exchange Affect China’s Exports? Evidence 54 Countries along the “Belt and Road” in 2007–2018","authors":"Qiang Wu, Ying Chen, Yayou Huang, Aoxue Wang, Chunling Wang","doi":"10.1080/10971475.2023.2266097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2023.2266097","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractInternational educational exchanges have brought favorable conditions for bilateral economic and trade cooperation. Taking 54 countries along the “Belt and Road” as a sample, the article links the “Belt and Road” education exchange with China’s export and analyzes the internal logic mechanism of education exchange affecting China’s export. The study found that studying in China and opening Confucius Institutes significantly promoted China’s export to countries along the line. Among them, Confucius Institutes promote China’s export less than overseas education, and the trade creation effect of overseas education in China is significantly different in different types, regions, and economic development levels. Further research shows that education exchanges can promote China’s export by promoting human capital accumulation in trade partners and establishing internationally friendly relations. Because of this, the international community should actively carry out educational exchanges, enrich exchange forms, improve the level and quality of educational exchanges, and provide international talent support for trade cooperation while promoting the construction of friendly economic and trade relations.Keywords: The belt and roadeducation exchangeconfucius instituteexport AcknowledgmentsWe thank this paper’s anonymous and non-anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments.Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the 2022 key project of the Hubei Provincial Education Science Plan: Research on the Impact of Higher Education Development on Industrial Structure Optimization in Hubei Province [grant number 2022GA091].This work was also supported by the 2022 Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Guidance Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education: Evaluation of International Competitiveness of Higher Education and Research on Countermeasures and Suggestions for the Development of Higher Education in Hubei [grant number 22G160].","PeriodicalId":22382,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Economy","volume":"137 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136159000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2023.2266966
Qiujie Zheng, Weiyang Diao, Yonggang Lu, Yunfeng Wang, Guangqing Chi
AbstractWith rapid industrialization and urbanization in China, a large rural population has migrated to cities and left their rural homestead land (RHL) idled. Land use policy on RHL utilization is crucial to the efficient use of land resources. However, due to farmers’ limited knowledge of regulations and lack of participation in rural land governance, their preference is sometimes overlooked in the policy-making process. The purpose of this paper is to examine farmers’ preferences for the two primary RHL utilization programs, i.e., transfer and surrender. We conducted a farmer household survey of 405 households in rural areas in Changchun at Jilin Province, China in 2018 and estimated farmers’ willingness to participate in the mechanisms using a bivariate ordered probit model. Various options under the two mechanisms are also investigated. We find a positive correlation between rural households’ willingness to participate in these two mechanisms. This is the first comprehensive study taking into consideration the correlation and tradeoff in farmers’ choice between the two mechanisms. The results shed light on the heterogeneity of households’ needs and interests in RHL utilization, an important component to be considered in rural development policy-making decisions.Keywords: Rural homestead landfarmers’ preferenceChina Disclosure statementThe authors report there are no competing interests to declare.Notes1 Village collective is a notion traced to the socialist era of agricultural collectivization associated with the Maoist period. Communist rule under Mao redefined the Chinese village as a socialist collective, both an administrative and economic unit. Under collectivization, rural resources were collectively owned, meaning that rural resources were owned not by individual peasants or households, but by “a community body that is seen as the legitimate entity representing the interests of all its constituents” (Kan, Citation2016; Yep, Citation2015).2 The bivariate ordered probit model, even for only two dimensions, does not easily extend to ordered logit model framework due to computation complications (Greene & Hensher, Citation2010). While for multinomial choices, the probit model has limited use due to the need to evaluate multiple integrals of the normal distribution. Instead, the logit model has been used widely in various fields (Greene, Citation2012).3 We also collected 19 observations at a labor market in Changchun and place them in the Other category.4 The survey implementation and data collection were led by the second author whose university does not have an institutional review board for ethics approval of research involving human subjects. The university does not require ethics approval of research. However, to ensure ethical practices, we took certain steps. First, at the beginning of the survey questionnaire, we clearly stated the purpose of the survey and the estimated time needed to complete it. We described that the survey is
{"title":"Transfer or Surrender Rural Homestead Land? An Investigation of farmers’ Preferences in China","authors":"Qiujie Zheng, Weiyang Diao, Yonggang Lu, Yunfeng Wang, Guangqing Chi","doi":"10.1080/10971475.2023.2266966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2023.2266966","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractWith rapid industrialization and urbanization in China, a large rural population has migrated to cities and left their rural homestead land (RHL) idled. Land use policy on RHL utilization is crucial to the efficient use of land resources. However, due to farmers’ limited knowledge of regulations and lack of participation in rural land governance, their preference is sometimes overlooked in the policy-making process. The purpose of this paper is to examine farmers’ preferences for the two primary RHL utilization programs, i.e., transfer and surrender. We conducted a farmer household survey of 405 households in rural areas in Changchun at Jilin Province, China in 2018 and estimated farmers’ willingness to participate in the mechanisms using a bivariate ordered probit model. Various options under the two mechanisms are also investigated. We find a positive correlation between rural households’ willingness to participate in these two mechanisms. This is the first comprehensive study taking into consideration the correlation and tradeoff in farmers’ choice between the two mechanisms. The results shed light on the heterogeneity of households’ needs and interests in RHL utilization, an important component to be considered in rural development policy-making decisions.Keywords: Rural homestead landfarmers’ preferenceChina Disclosure statementThe authors report there are no competing interests to declare.Notes1 Village collective is a notion traced to the socialist era of agricultural collectivization associated with the Maoist period. Communist rule under Mao redefined the Chinese village as a socialist collective, both an administrative and economic unit. Under collectivization, rural resources were collectively owned, meaning that rural resources were owned not by individual peasants or households, but by “a community body that is seen as the legitimate entity representing the interests of all its constituents” (Kan, Citation2016; Yep, Citation2015).2 The bivariate ordered probit model, even for only two dimensions, does not easily extend to ordered logit model framework due to computation complications (Greene & Hensher, Citation2010). While for multinomial choices, the probit model has limited use due to the need to evaluate multiple integrals of the normal distribution. Instead, the logit model has been used widely in various fields (Greene, Citation2012).3 We also collected 19 observations at a labor market in Changchun and place them in the Other category.4 The survey implementation and data collection were led by the second author whose university does not have an institutional review board for ethics approval of research involving human subjects. The university does not require ethics approval of research. However, to ensure ethical practices, we took certain steps. First, at the beginning of the survey questionnaire, we clearly stated the purpose of the survey and the estimated time needed to complete it. We described that the survey is ","PeriodicalId":22382,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Economy","volume":"8 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135567569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2023.2266967
Yanyan Gao, Shunfeng Song, Jun Sun
AbstractThe economic disparity between southern and northern China has widened in the past decade. This article explores the roles of the north-south stretched backbone high-speed rails (HSRs) in the widened north-south economic gap in China. By constructing panel data of 283 cities between 2005 and 2016 and estimating the difference in GDP and per-capita GDP of northern and southern cities before and after the first north-south stretched HSR, we show that the north-south economic gap widened by about 8% as the opening of the Beijing-Shanghai HSR, the first north-south stretched HSR. Further channel analysis reveals that the north-south gaps in population, fixed asset investment, public expenditure, and the relative size of secondary industry to tertiary industry also widened. These results suggest that fast transportation improvement caused by long-distance backbone HSRs can contribute to accelerating the large-scale regional disparity.Keywords: High-speed railnorth-south economic gapChina AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Miss Lin Zhang at the School of Economic and Management in Southeast University for her excellent research assistance and the funding support from the China National Social Science Foundations (Grant no. 22&ZD066 [Yanyan Gao] and 22BJY036 [Jun Sun]) and the Social Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant no. 22EYB016 [Jun Sun]).Disclosure statementThe authors declare no conflict of interest.Data availability statementThe data and STATA code replicating tables and figures in this article are available from the corresponding author upon request.Notes1 The southern and northern regions of mainland China are mainly divided by Qinling Mountain and the Huai River (see Figure 1).2 See https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1753244091798247208&wfr=spider&for=pc.3 See https://www.163.com/dy/article/GDP7CIOE0519DFFO.html.4 For example, the Jing-Hu HSR connected areas with a total population accounting for about 27% of national population, with 11 cities having a population over one million, with a total of 568 trains in service each day. This HSR line realized a net profit of 6.58 billion RMB in 2015, which increased to 9.5 billion in 2019. It has become the most profitable HSR line in the world. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing%E2%80%93Shanghai_high-speed_railway.5 Panel B of Figure 2 is not contradictory to the result in Table B2 (Online Appendix), which shows that northern per-capita GDP is lower than the south. There are two differences. First, Panel B graphs the trends in the mean of logged per-capita GDP, while in Table B2 (Online Appendix) the per-capita GDP is the sum of northern (southern) GDP divided by the sum of northern (southern) population. Second, the northern and southern cities are defined by their centroids rather than simply by provinces used in Table B2 (Online Appendix). However, by graphing the trends in the same way to Table B2 (Online Appendix), i.e., the sum of northern (southern) GDP divided by the sum
{"title":"Do Backbone High-Speed Rails Widen the North-South Gap in China?","authors":"Yanyan Gao, Shunfeng Song, Jun Sun","doi":"10.1080/10971475.2023.2266967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2023.2266967","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe economic disparity between southern and northern China has widened in the past decade. This article explores the roles of the north-south stretched backbone high-speed rails (HSRs) in the widened north-south economic gap in China. By constructing panel data of 283 cities between 2005 and 2016 and estimating the difference in GDP and per-capita GDP of northern and southern cities before and after the first north-south stretched HSR, we show that the north-south economic gap widened by about 8% as the opening of the Beijing-Shanghai HSR, the first north-south stretched HSR. Further channel analysis reveals that the north-south gaps in population, fixed asset investment, public expenditure, and the relative size of secondary industry to tertiary industry also widened. These results suggest that fast transportation improvement caused by long-distance backbone HSRs can contribute to accelerating the large-scale regional disparity.Keywords: High-speed railnorth-south economic gapChina AcknowledgmentsThe authors thank Miss Lin Zhang at the School of Economic and Management in Southeast University for her excellent research assistance and the funding support from the China National Social Science Foundations (Grant no. 22&ZD066 [Yanyan Gao] and 22BJY036 [Jun Sun]) and the Social Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant no. 22EYB016 [Jun Sun]).Disclosure statementThe authors declare no conflict of interest.Data availability statementThe data and STATA code replicating tables and figures in this article are available from the corresponding author upon request.Notes1 The southern and northern regions of mainland China are mainly divided by Qinling Mountain and the Huai River (see Figure 1).2 See https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1753244091798247208&wfr=spider&for=pc.3 See https://www.163.com/dy/article/GDP7CIOE0519DFFO.html.4 For example, the Jing-Hu HSR connected areas with a total population accounting for about 27% of national population, with 11 cities having a population over one million, with a total of 568 trains in service each day. This HSR line realized a net profit of 6.58 billion RMB in 2015, which increased to 9.5 billion in 2019. It has become the most profitable HSR line in the world. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing%E2%80%93Shanghai_high-speed_railway.5 Panel B of Figure 2 is not contradictory to the result in Table B2 (Online Appendix), which shows that northern per-capita GDP is lower than the south. There are two differences. First, Panel B graphs the trends in the mean of logged per-capita GDP, while in Table B2 (Online Appendix) the per-capita GDP is the sum of northern (southern) GDP divided by the sum of northern (southern) population. Second, the northern and southern cities are defined by their centroids rather than simply by provinces used in Table B2 (Online Appendix). However, by graphing the trends in the same way to Table B2 (Online Appendix), i.e., the sum of northern (southern) GDP divided by the sum ","PeriodicalId":22382,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Economy","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2023.2266547
Ni Lar, Hiroyuki Taguchi
AbstractThis study investigates whether latecomer provinces in China have experienced premature deindustrialization or reindustrialization by examining the positions of the provincial industry-income nexus using the latecomer index. The latecomer index facilitates the identification of the downward (premature deindustrialization) and upward (reindustrialization) positions of the nexus for latecomer provinces. The empirical analysis reveals that, for the nationwide level, the premature deindustrialization effect remains during the total sample period of 1992–2020 reflecting the initial regime prioritizing eastern coastal industrialization, whereas the pace of the premature deindustrialization is slowed down in the periods of 2002–2020 and 2009–2020 due to a series of industrial policies under the subsequent regime. At the regional level, the reindustrialization impact dominates the premature deindustrialization effect in the eastern and central regions, whereas this effect dominates the reindustrialization impact in the western region. The study identifies the existence of reindustrialization in China in the regional analysis, whereas extant literature on reindustrialization focuses only on European cases.Keywords: Industry-income nexusindustrial policieslatecomer indexpremature deindustrializationreindustrialization Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 See the website: https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519.2 See the website: https://spc.jst.go.jp/statistics/stats_index.html. For the regional classification (eastern, central, and western), also see this website and Appendix A.3 The “industry” is not synonymous with manufacturing because it contains mining and construction as well. However, the industry is usually characterized by manufacturing because of its dominant share.4 UNCTAD (Citation2022) originally traced the industrial policy evolution by dividing the four decades (1978–2018) into three phases: 1978–2001, 2002–2008, and 2009–2019. This study focuses on the latter two phases because the first phase corresponds to the Deng Xiaoping’s reform and opening-up regime.5 Beijing’s GRP per capita is chosen as a denominator in computing the latecomer index because it records the highest level of GRP per capita. However, the choice of denominators does not affect the estimation result (only affects the size of the latecomer index and its coefficient), just because the denominator is, once decided, commonly used in computing the latecomer index of each province.6 The turning point of the inverted U-shaped curve, computed by −θ3/−2 θ4 in Column (a) of Table 3 is approximately 5,000 USD, which is in a reasonable level within the sample range, and comparable to those of Thailand (5,000 USD from Lar & Taguchi, Citation2022) and Indonesia (6,285 USD from Islami & Hastiadi, Citation2020).
{"title":"Premature Deindustrialization or Reindustrialization in China’s Latecomer Provinces","authors":"Ni Lar, Hiroyuki Taguchi","doi":"10.1080/10971475.2023.2266547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2023.2266547","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis study investigates whether latecomer provinces in China have experienced premature deindustrialization or reindustrialization by examining the positions of the provincial industry-income nexus using the latecomer index. The latecomer index facilitates the identification of the downward (premature deindustrialization) and upward (reindustrialization) positions of the nexus for latecomer provinces. The empirical analysis reveals that, for the nationwide level, the premature deindustrialization effect remains during the total sample period of 1992–2020 reflecting the initial regime prioritizing eastern coastal industrialization, whereas the pace of the premature deindustrialization is slowed down in the periods of 2002–2020 and 2009–2020 due to a series of industrial policies under the subsequent regime. At the regional level, the reindustrialization impact dominates the premature deindustrialization effect in the eastern and central regions, whereas this effect dominates the reindustrialization impact in the western region. The study identifies the existence of reindustrialization in China in the regional analysis, whereas extant literature on reindustrialization focuses only on European cases.Keywords: Industry-income nexusindustrial policieslatecomer indexpremature deindustrializationreindustrialization Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 See the website: https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519.2 See the website: https://spc.jst.go.jp/statistics/stats_index.html. For the regional classification (eastern, central, and western), also see this website and Appendix A.3 The “industry” is not synonymous with manufacturing because it contains mining and construction as well. However, the industry is usually characterized by manufacturing because of its dominant share.4 UNCTAD (Citation2022) originally traced the industrial policy evolution by dividing the four decades (1978–2018) into three phases: 1978–2001, 2002–2008, and 2009–2019. This study focuses on the latter two phases because the first phase corresponds to the Deng Xiaoping’s reform and opening-up regime.5 Beijing’s GRP per capita is chosen as a denominator in computing the latecomer index because it records the highest level of GRP per capita. However, the choice of denominators does not affect the estimation result (only affects the size of the latecomer index and its coefficient), just because the denominator is, once decided, commonly used in computing the latecomer index of each province.6 The turning point of the inverted U-shaped curve, computed by −θ3/−2 θ4 in Column (a) of Table 3 is approximately 5,000 USD, which is in a reasonable level within the sample range, and comparable to those of Thailand (5,000 USD from Lar & Taguchi, Citation2022) and Indonesia (6,285 USD from Islami & Hastiadi, Citation2020).","PeriodicalId":22382,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Economy","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136063291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-03DOI: 10.1080/10971475.2023.2198466
Khurshid M. Kiani
{"title":"Notice of Duplicate Publication: “Financial Factors and Financial Crises: Evidence from Financial Statements of Mainland Chinese Firms”","authors":"Khurshid M. Kiani","doi":"10.1080/10971475.2023.2198466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2023.2198466","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22382,"journal":{"name":"The Chinese Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":"I - I"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75705114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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