Pub Date : 2022-05-25DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2067329
J. Kitawaki, S. Akira, T. Harada, N. Maeda, M. Momoeda, I. Ota, Taku Murakami, T. Sunaya, Kazufumi Hirano
Abstract Purpose To collect real-world safety and clinical outcome data on the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) for functional/organic heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and dysmenorrhoea in Japanese women (J-MIRAI). Materials and methods In this prospective, multicentre, single-cohort, open-label, post-authorisation study, we assessed menstrual blood loss after LNG-IUS insertion by changes from baseline in pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) scores. Scores for the menorrhagia multi-attribute scale (MMAS) were collected for 12 months to assess quality of life. Results We included 47 patients with complete PBAC score and patient diary data. The median PBAC score before LNG-IUS insertion was 159.0, which decreased significantly to 6.0 at 12 months post-insertion; for patients with adenomyosis (n = 20), PBAC score decreased from 174.5 pre-insertion to 19.5 at 12 months. The number of patient-reported bleeding days was correlated with PBAC score ≥5. The proportion of women with prolonged bleeding decreased from 85.7% to 34.6% by the study’s end. Some women reported no bleeding after the first 90-day reference period. The mean MMAS overall score significantly increased from 50.50 before insertion to 88.67 at 12 months. Conclusions Japanese women with functional/organic HMB experienced substantial reductions in bleeding symptoms and improvements in quality of life after 12-month use of the LNG-IUS.
{"title":"Bleeding patterns of women with heavy menstrual bleeding or dysmenorrhoea using the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system: results from a real-world observational study in Japan (J-MIRAI)","authors":"J. Kitawaki, S. Akira, T. Harada, N. Maeda, M. Momoeda, I. Ota, Taku Murakami, T. Sunaya, Kazufumi Hirano","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2067329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2067329","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose To collect real-world safety and clinical outcome data on the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) for functional/organic heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and dysmenorrhoea in Japanese women (J-MIRAI). Materials and methods In this prospective, multicentre, single-cohort, open-label, post-authorisation study, we assessed menstrual blood loss after LNG-IUS insertion by changes from baseline in pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) scores. Scores for the menorrhagia multi-attribute scale (MMAS) were collected for 12 months to assess quality of life. Results We included 47 patients with complete PBAC score and patient diary data. The median PBAC score before LNG-IUS insertion was 159.0, which decreased significantly to 6.0 at 12 months post-insertion; for patients with adenomyosis (n = 20), PBAC score decreased from 174.5 pre-insertion to 19.5 at 12 months. The number of patient-reported bleeding days was correlated with PBAC score ≥5. The proportion of women with prolonged bleeding decreased from 85.7% to 34.6% by the study’s end. Some women reported no bleeding after the first 90-day reference period. The mean MMAS overall score significantly increased from 50.50 before insertion to 88.67 at 12 months. Conclusions Japanese women with functional/organic HMB experienced substantial reductions in bleeding symptoms and improvements in quality of life after 12-month use of the LNG-IUS.","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"83 1","pages":"300 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88609599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-18DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2075844
Paula da Cunha Pereira, I. Monteiro, L. Bahamondes
Abstract Background Our objectives were to determine the knowledge and interest in apps for natural contraception among women and Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBGYN) residents. Study design An online survey was sent to Brazilian women to gather sociodemographic data, knowledge and interest towards fertility-awareness contraceptive methods and smartphone apps for this purpose. Also, we sent an online survey to OBGYN residents to evaluate the reproductive physiology knowledge of natural contraception and interest in improving it and knowledge and smartphone apps for this purpose. Results A total of 730 women answered the survey, and 638 were included in the study and 94 OBGYN residents answered the survey. Among the respondent women 386 (60.5%) were interested in more information about natural contraception, 226 (35.5%) showed interest in use natural contraception, 85 (13.3%) indicated that they were users of natural contraception, 15 (16.8%) of this group currently uses an app for this purpose and 485 (76%) considers a practical option to have an app for natural contraception. Regarding the respondent residents all answers were included in the study; 62 (65.9%) knew the right definition of ‘Natural Contraception’, 52 (55.3%) showed interest in information about this topic and 78 (82.9%) considers a practical option to have an app for natural contraception. Conclusions Less than 15% of the respondent women use natural contraception although about 60% expressed some interest in learning more, and that among OBGYN residents, half showed interest.
{"title":"Natural contraception apps knowledge among Brazilian women and Obstetrics and Gynaecology residents","authors":"Paula da Cunha Pereira, I. Monteiro, L. Bahamondes","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2075844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2075844","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Our objectives were to determine the knowledge and interest in apps for natural contraception among women and Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBGYN) residents. Study design An online survey was sent to Brazilian women to gather sociodemographic data, knowledge and interest towards fertility-awareness contraceptive methods and smartphone apps for this purpose. Also, we sent an online survey to OBGYN residents to evaluate the reproductive physiology knowledge of natural contraception and interest in improving it and knowledge and smartphone apps for this purpose. Results A total of 730 women answered the survey, and 638 were included in the study and 94 OBGYN residents answered the survey. Among the respondent women 386 (60.5%) were interested in more information about natural contraception, 226 (35.5%) showed interest in use natural contraception, 85 (13.3%) indicated that they were users of natural contraception, 15 (16.8%) of this group currently uses an app for this purpose and 485 (76%) considers a practical option to have an app for natural contraception. Regarding the respondent residents all answers were included in the study; 62 (65.9%) knew the right definition of ‘Natural Contraception’, 52 (55.3%) showed interest in information about this topic and 78 (82.9%) considers a practical option to have an app for natural contraception. Conclusions Less than 15% of the respondent women use natural contraception although about 60% expressed some interest in learning more, and that among OBGYN residents, half showed interest.","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"374 1","pages":"289 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80547535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2057470
J. Cea García
The study by Palacios et al. [1] did not clearly establish the purposes or endpoints. The authors have included the most relevant articles on the 4mg DRSPOP. However, they are not devoid of limitations. The weaknesses of the multicenter phase III clinical trial by Archer et al. [3], conducted on 713 subjects (7638 cycles) that stated a similar contraceptive efficacy between DRSPOP and combined oral contraceptives (COCs), include the noncomparative design and the fact that cycle-control and drug adherence assessments were based on participants’ diaries [4]. Palacios et al. [5] performed the first report on DRSPOP providing clinical efficacy similar to COCs, with a good safety profile, and favourable cycle control in a significant number of participants with cardiovascular risk factors. The main weaknesses are the noncomparative design and the high discontinuation rate given that 3333 women-years cases would have been needed to assess the statistical number of events without any hormonal influence and the total observational period of the studies enrolled 1102 women-years, as the primary endpoint was the definition of Pearl index. They found differences in the Pearl index between European trials and USA trial. The USA trial by Kimble et al. [6] included, as inclusion criteria, participants with regular menstrual cycles. The safety of DRSPOP was evaluated in 1006 women. Reasons for participants-drop out of the study were reported. No cases of thromboembolic disease were reported, although the sample size may have been too low to observe rare events. This effect could be explained by the fact that a greater number of subjects is needed to demonstrate an effect of this type (>10,000 users). This was a single-arm, noncomparative study; therefore, no direct comparisons can be made with other types of contraception. The study product, trial procedures (such as multiple site visits) or socioeconomic factors may have contributed to a high dropout rate. Overall, there was a high level of participant satisfaction. Although 86 % agreed or strongly agreed that they were satisfied with DRSPOP, some of the 269 women lost to follow-up may have disliked the study drug due to bleeding, a tolerability issue or even pregnancy. Other phase III clinical trial by Palacios et al. [7] specified the primary and secondary endpoints and used statistical methods in order to calculate the number needed to treat, employing non-inferiority tests, sample size calculations, and confidence intervals for results. The limitation of the study remains in the rate of patients with data available for the bleeding and spotting analyses during the 9 cycles of treatment. Another limitation is that they compared two different dosing regimens (continuous vs. 24/4) and this makes the analyses of some parameters like scheduled bleedings more challenging. In the case of the study by Regidor et al. [8], the main limitation is that the baseline mean values of clotting factor VII and protein C acti
{"title":"Critical commentary on ‘Oestrogen-free oral contraception with a 4 mg drospirenone-only pill: new data and a review of the literature’","authors":"J. Cea García","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2057470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2057470","url":null,"abstract":"The study by Palacios et al. [1] did not clearly establish the purposes or endpoints. The authors have included the most relevant articles on the 4mg DRSPOP. However, they are not devoid of limitations. The weaknesses of the multicenter phase III clinical trial by Archer et al. [3], conducted on 713 subjects (7638 cycles) that stated a similar contraceptive efficacy between DRSPOP and combined oral contraceptives (COCs), include the noncomparative design and the fact that cycle-control and drug adherence assessments were based on participants’ diaries [4]. Palacios et al. [5] performed the first report on DRSPOP providing clinical efficacy similar to COCs, with a good safety profile, and favourable cycle control in a significant number of participants with cardiovascular risk factors. The main weaknesses are the noncomparative design and the high discontinuation rate given that 3333 women-years cases would have been needed to assess the statistical number of events without any hormonal influence and the total observational period of the studies enrolled 1102 women-years, as the primary endpoint was the definition of Pearl index. They found differences in the Pearl index between European trials and USA trial. The USA trial by Kimble et al. [6] included, as inclusion criteria, participants with regular menstrual cycles. The safety of DRSPOP was evaluated in 1006 women. Reasons for participants-drop out of the study were reported. No cases of thromboembolic disease were reported, although the sample size may have been too low to observe rare events. This effect could be explained by the fact that a greater number of subjects is needed to demonstrate an effect of this type (>10,000 users). This was a single-arm, noncomparative study; therefore, no direct comparisons can be made with other types of contraception. The study product, trial procedures (such as multiple site visits) or socioeconomic factors may have contributed to a high dropout rate. Overall, there was a high level of participant satisfaction. Although 86 % agreed or strongly agreed that they were satisfied with DRSPOP, some of the 269 women lost to follow-up may have disliked the study drug due to bleeding, a tolerability issue or even pregnancy. Other phase III clinical trial by Palacios et al. [7] specified the primary and secondary endpoints and used statistical methods in order to calculate the number needed to treat, employing non-inferiority tests, sample size calculations, and confidence intervals for results. The limitation of the study remains in the rate of patients with data available for the bleeding and spotting analyses during the 9 cycles of treatment. Another limitation is that they compared two different dosing regimens (continuous vs. 24/4) and this makes the analyses of some parameters like scheduled bleedings more challenging. In the case of the study by Regidor et al. [8], the main limitation is that the baseline mean values of clotting factor VII and protein C acti","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"2 1","pages":"269 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75865110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-14DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2057469
C. Fiala, A. Agostini, T. Bombas, R. Lertxundi, M. Ľubušký, M. Parachini, K. Gemzell‐Danielsson
Abstract Objective: The Parliamentary Assembly invited the member states of the Council of Europe to ‘guarantee women's effective exercise of their right of access to a safe and legal abortion’. While abortion legislation and statistics give an impression of the legislative, cultural, and religious views of the societies and the socio-economic health of the female population, only one study conducted in 2011 looked into the current legislation and trends in terminations of pregnancy in the European Union. Materials and Methods: From January 2017 to December 2018, a group of experts, the authors of the present article, liaised with colleagues practising in 32 European countries to collect data on abortion legislation and statistics using three different questionnaires. Results: The article presents the results of this initiative and compares the status quo and recent trends in abortion legislation and statistics across Europe. Conclusions: The European legislations are still very heterogenous and abortion rates vary widely between countries, confirming that laws do not correlate with abortion rates. This compilation of data, also available on a website (www.abort-report.eu), may help to change laws to better meet the needs of women who decided to have an abortion as a solution to the underlying problem of an unwanted pregnancy.
{"title":"Abortion: legislation and statistics in Europe","authors":"C. Fiala, A. Agostini, T. Bombas, R. Lertxundi, M. Ľubušký, M. Parachini, K. Gemzell‐Danielsson","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2057469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2057469","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: The Parliamentary Assembly invited the member states of the Council of Europe to ‘guarantee women's effective exercise of their right of access to a safe and legal abortion’. While abortion legislation and statistics give an impression of the legislative, cultural, and religious views of the societies and the socio-economic health of the female population, only one study conducted in 2011 looked into the current legislation and trends in terminations of pregnancy in the European Union. Materials and Methods: From January 2017 to December 2018, a group of experts, the authors of the present article, liaised with colleagues practising in 32 European countries to collect data on abortion legislation and statistics using three different questionnaires. Results: The article presents the results of this initiative and compares the status quo and recent trends in abortion legislation and statistics across Europe. Conclusions: The European legislations are still very heterogenous and abortion rates vary widely between countries, confirming that laws do not correlate with abortion rates. This compilation of data, also available on a website (www.abort-report.eu), may help to change laws to better meet the needs of women who decided to have an abortion as a solution to the underlying problem of an unwanted pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"1 1","pages":"345 - 352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73155649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-11DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2054982
Irene Valero, R. García-Jiménez, A. M. Weber-Fernandez, Rocío Díaz-Acedo, María José Fobelo-Lozano, L. Cerrillos, Rosa Ostos
Abstract Objective Our main goal was to evaluate whether a treatment protocol based on the combination of mifepristone and misoprostol for second-trimester foetal loss was more effective than misoprostol monotherapy. Methods This was an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional two-centre study of women receiving treatment for second-trimester pregnancy loss. Patients were recruited in two centres that used different treatment protocols: combined mifepristone–misoprostol treatment or misoprostol monotherapy. Results A total of 99 patients were included in the study: 41 in the mifepristone–misoprostol combined treatment group and 58 in the misoprostol monotherapy group. The combined treatment group had shorter times to expulsion and shorter hospitalisations, as well as higher rates of hospital discharge within 24 h and complete abortion within the first 6 h and 12 h. There were no differences regarding secondary effects and complication rates. Conclusion A combination of mifepristone and misoprostol appears to be a feasible option for the treatment of second-trimester pregnancy loss.
{"title":"Combination of mifepristone and misoprostol vs misoprostol monotherapy for treatment of second-trimester pregnancy loss","authors":"Irene Valero, R. García-Jiménez, A. M. Weber-Fernandez, Rocío Díaz-Acedo, María José Fobelo-Lozano, L. Cerrillos, Rosa Ostos","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2054982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2054982","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Our main goal was to evaluate whether a treatment protocol based on the combination of mifepristone and misoprostol for second-trimester foetal loss was more effective than misoprostol monotherapy. Methods This was an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional two-centre study of women receiving treatment for second-trimester pregnancy loss. Patients were recruited in two centres that used different treatment protocols: combined mifepristone–misoprostol treatment or misoprostol monotherapy. Results A total of 99 patients were included in the study: 41 in the mifepristone–misoprostol combined treatment group and 58 in the misoprostol monotherapy group. The combined treatment group had shorter times to expulsion and shorter hospitalisations, as well as higher rates of hospital discharge within 24 h and complete abortion within the first 6 h and 12 h. There were no differences regarding secondary effects and complication rates. Conclusion A combination of mifepristone and misoprostol appears to be a feasible option for the treatment of second-trimester pregnancy loss.","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"113 1","pages":"341 - 344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75759021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2054983
L. Bahamondes, María Y. Makuch
Abstract Purpose We assess the awareness of Brazilian women about non-contraceptive benefits of contraceptives and compare non-health with health care providers. Material and methods We conducted a survey in Brazil using a questionnaire administered via Google Forms asking women to respond about the awareness of non-contraceptive benefits of combined oral contraceptives (COCs), depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), 52 mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS), etonogestrel (ENG)-implant, copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD), and male condom. Results We received 2,068 completed questionnaires, 720 women (34.8%) aged ≤ 29 years and 236 (11.4%) were physicians or nurses. Only one third of the respondents were aware that COC use is associated with decreased risks of ovarian and endometrial cancers; 296 (16.1%) about that the use of DMPA is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer, and 253 (13.8%) were aware about that the users of the Cu-IUD present lower risk of cervical cancer. We identified significant differences between non-health care providers when compared to physicians or nurses. Conclusions We found low awareness regarding the associated lower risk of ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer associated with the use of some contraceptives, evidencing the need to provide more information about the non-contraceptive benefits during training for health care providers.
{"title":"Awareness of the non-contraceptive benefits of reversible contraceptive methods in a cohort of Brazilian women: an exploratory study","authors":"L. Bahamondes, María Y. Makuch","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2054983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2054983","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose We assess the awareness of Brazilian women about non-contraceptive benefits of contraceptives and compare non-health with health care providers. Material and methods We conducted a survey in Brazil using a questionnaire administered via Google Forms asking women to respond about the awareness of non-contraceptive benefits of combined oral contraceptives (COCs), depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), 52 mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS), etonogestrel (ENG)-implant, copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD), and male condom. Results We received 2,068 completed questionnaires, 720 women (34.8%) aged ≤ 29 years and 236 (11.4%) were physicians or nurses. Only one third of the respondents were aware that COC use is associated with decreased risks of ovarian and endometrial cancers; 296 (16.1%) about that the use of DMPA is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer, and 253 (13.8%) were aware about that the users of the Cu-IUD present lower risk of cervical cancer. We identified significant differences between non-health care providers when compared to physicians or nurses. Conclusions We found low awareness regarding the associated lower risk of ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer associated with the use of some contraceptives, evidencing the need to provide more information about the non-contraceptive benefits during training for health care providers.","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"142 1","pages":"294 - 299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75519307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-29DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2057471
J. Amy
{"title":"Stand up and engage!","authors":"J. Amy","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2057471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2057471","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"14 1","pages":"173 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82241057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2045935
Susan Walker
Abstract Objectives This paper looks at how trends in contraceptive prescribing by General Practices in England were affected by the Covid pandemic and lockdown. It compares English prescribing data from May 2014 to May 2021, including the period of ‘lockdown’, from April 20-June 20. Design & Setting A retrospective analysis of the English Prescribing Dataset which reports monthly on prescribed items from English General Practices was carried out. Data on all forms of prescribed contraceptive methods were extracted using British National Formulary (BNF) codes, and total quantities tabulated by method, then transformed into ‘months of contraception provided’ by each method. Results Prescription of the combined oral contraceptive pill reduced by 22% during the period of lockdown compared to the same three months in 2019. Prescriptions of Progestogen-Only pills remained stable. This continued a trend in oral contraceptive prescribing evident from May14. Prescription of long-acting methods reduced during the period of lockdown, with the greatest reductions in implants (76% reduction from pre-lockdown levels), intra-uterine systems (79% reduction from pre-lockdown levels) and intrauterine devices (76% reduction from pre-lockdown levels). These rates of contraceptive provision recovered quickly after the period of lockdown ended. Conclusions The disruption of face-to-face contraceptive consultations in General Practice during a Covid-19 ‘lockdown’ has resulted in a reduction in oestrogen –containing methods compared to progestogen-only methods, which require less face-to-face monitoring. Implant and intrauterine contraceptive device prescription reduced by three quarters over the first three months of lockdown, but rebounded in the next year.
{"title":"Effect of the Covid pandemic on progestogen-only and oestrogen-containing contraceptive prescribing in general practice: a retrospective analysis of English prescribing data","authors":"Susan Walker","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2045935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2045935","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives This paper looks at how trends in contraceptive prescribing by General Practices in England were affected by the Covid pandemic and lockdown. It compares English prescribing data from May 2014 to May 2021, including the period of ‘lockdown’, from April 20-June 20. Design & Setting A retrospective analysis of the English Prescribing Dataset which reports monthly on prescribed items from English General Practices was carried out. Data on all forms of prescribed contraceptive methods were extracted using British National Formulary (BNF) codes, and total quantities tabulated by method, then transformed into ‘months of contraception provided’ by each method. Results Prescription of the combined oral contraceptive pill reduced by 22% during the period of lockdown compared to the same three months in 2019. Prescriptions of Progestogen-Only pills remained stable. This continued a trend in oral contraceptive prescribing evident from May14. Prescription of long-acting methods reduced during the period of lockdown, with the greatest reductions in implants (76% reduction from pre-lockdown levels), intra-uterine systems (79% reduction from pre-lockdown levels) and intrauterine devices (76% reduction from pre-lockdown levels). These rates of contraceptive provision recovered quickly after the period of lockdown ended. Conclusions The disruption of face-to-face contraceptive consultations in General Practice during a Covid-19 ‘lockdown’ has resulted in a reduction in oestrogen –containing methods compared to progestogen-only methods, which require less face-to-face monitoring. Implant and intrauterine contraceptive device prescription reduced by three quarters over the first three months of lockdown, but rebounded in the next year.","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"1 1","pages":"272 - 277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78072334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2045933
V. Maas, M. Poels, Angela L Stam, Natalie Lieftink, A. Franx, M. P. Koster
Abstract Purpose While most preconception care (PCC) interventions are aimed at women, men are also in need of PCC to reduce risk factors affecting the spermatozoa quality. The objective of this study is to explore male perceptions regarding the need to engage in PCC. Materials and methods In a mixed-method cross-sectional study, 229 men participated with a questionnaire and 14 individual semi-structured interviews were conducted. Questionnaires data were analysed using multiple regression analyses. The interviews were analysed using thematic analyses. Results Most men did not retrieve preconceptional information (n = 135; 59.0%) nor visited a preconceptional consult (n = 182; 79.5%). Men who categorised their preconceptional lifestyle as unhealthy (score ≤6 out of 10) less often retrieved information (adjusted OR 0.36 [95% CI 0.14–0.93]) than men with a healthy preconceptional lifestyle. While several men expressed their fear for infertility, this did not lead to an increased uptake of PCC as men felt they were healthy enough already. Conclusion Despite high awareness of the positive influence of a healthy lifestyle, the perceived need for preparing for pregnancy among men remains low. Tailoring preconceptional information towards male needs provides a window of opportunity to improve men’s reproductive health and possibly the health of future generations.
{"title":"Exploring male perceptions regarding the need to engage in preconception care – a mixed-method study amongst Dutch (prospective) fathers","authors":"V. Maas, M. Poels, Angela L Stam, Natalie Lieftink, A. Franx, M. P. Koster","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2045933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2045933","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose While most preconception care (PCC) interventions are aimed at women, men are also in need of PCC to reduce risk factors affecting the spermatozoa quality. The objective of this study is to explore male perceptions regarding the need to engage in PCC. Materials and methods In a mixed-method cross-sectional study, 229 men participated with a questionnaire and 14 individual semi-structured interviews were conducted. Questionnaires data were analysed using multiple regression analyses. The interviews were analysed using thematic analyses. Results Most men did not retrieve preconceptional information (n = 135; 59.0%) nor visited a preconceptional consult (n = 182; 79.5%). Men who categorised their preconceptional lifestyle as unhealthy (score ≤6 out of 10) less often retrieved information (adjusted OR 0.36 [95% CI 0.14–0.93]) than men with a healthy preconceptional lifestyle. While several men expressed their fear for infertility, this did not lead to an increased uptake of PCC as men felt they were healthy enough already. Conclusion Despite high awareness of the positive influence of a healthy lifestyle, the perceived need for preparing for pregnancy among men remains low. Tailoring preconceptional information towards male needs provides a window of opportunity to improve men’s reproductive health and possibly the health of future generations.","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"289 1","pages":"322 - 329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74960418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2045934
Ayse Akalin
Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of a reproductive health course on sexual myths, sexual attitudes and gender perceptions of university students. Methods A quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design was conducted among 222 undergraduate students. Data were collected using a questionnaire form, the Sexual Myths Scale, the Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale and the Perception of Gender Scale. Results Comparison of pre-test with post-test results showed that the course achieved an improvement in sexual attitudes (p < 0.001), a positive effect on gender perceptions (p < 0.05) and a decrease in sexual myth beliefs (p < 0.001) among participants. Conclusion The results indicate the importance of educating young people about reproductive health. Courses on reproductive and sexual health should be integrated into the curriculum of first year undergraduate education.
{"title":"The effect of a reproductive health course on sexual myths, sexual attitudes and gender perceptions among university students","authors":"Ayse Akalin","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2022.2045934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2022.2045934","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effect of a reproductive health course on sexual myths, sexual attitudes and gender perceptions of university students. Methods A quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design was conducted among 222 undergraduate students. Data were collected using a questionnaire form, the Sexual Myths Scale, the Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale and the Perception of Gender Scale. Results Comparison of pre-test with post-test results showed that the course achieved an improvement in sexual attitudes (p < 0.001), a positive effect on gender perceptions (p < 0.05) and a decrease in sexual myth beliefs (p < 0.001) among participants. Conclusion The results indicate the importance of educating young people about reproductive health. Courses on reproductive and sexual health should be integrated into the curriculum of first year undergraduate education.","PeriodicalId":22423,"journal":{"name":"The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care","volume":"1 1","pages":"330 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84051158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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