Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00251-0
Josef Yayan, Kurt Rasche
A deficiency in alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AD) leads to increased activity of proteolytic enzymes. The consequence is a damage of airways and alveoli and, ultimately, the development of emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Gender-specific differences in terms of comorbidities are still unclear due to the rarity of this genetic autosomal recessive disease. This retrospective observational study was conducted from January 1, 2005, to November 30, 2022, in the Department of Pneumology, HELIOS University-Clinic Wuppertal, University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany. Eleven patients with COPD due to A1AD could be included into the study (6 males, 54.5%; 95% CI 23.4–83.3%) with a mean age of 53.9 ± 11.6 years. The male study participants were of normal weight body mass index 24.17 ± 4.67, while the females were obese 31.2 ± 4.87 (p = 0.054). More women were smokers (60%, p = 0.567). Furthermore, all of the women had panlobular emphysema (100%, p = 0.455). All subjects suffered from COPD, with most male subjects in severe advanced stages (50%, p = 0.545). No case of liver involvement was observed in this study. The findings of this study showed no statistically relevant gender-specific differences in comorbidities of patients with COPD due to A1AD.
{"title":"No gender-specific differences in comorbidities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency","authors":"Josef Yayan, Kurt Rasche","doi":"10.1186/s43168-023-00251-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-023-00251-0","url":null,"abstract":"A deficiency in alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AD) leads to increased activity of proteolytic enzymes. The consequence is a damage of airways and alveoli and, ultimately, the development of emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Gender-specific differences in terms of comorbidities are still unclear due to the rarity of this genetic autosomal recessive disease. This retrospective observational study was conducted from January 1, 2005, to November 30, 2022, in the Department of Pneumology, HELIOS University-Clinic Wuppertal, University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany. Eleven patients with COPD due to A1AD could be included into the study (6 males, 54.5%; 95% CI 23.4–83.3%) with a mean age of 53.9 ± 11.6 years. The male study participants were of normal weight body mass index 24.17 ± 4.67, while the females were obese 31.2 ± 4.87 (p = 0.054). More women were smokers (60%, p = 0.567). Furthermore, all of the women had panlobular emphysema (100%, p = 0.455). All subjects suffered from COPD, with most male subjects in severe advanced stages (50%, p = 0.545). No case of liver involvement was observed in this study. The findings of this study showed no statistically relevant gender-specific differences in comorbidities of patients with COPD due to A1AD.","PeriodicalId":22426,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138523848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-23DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00246-x
Eman Badawy Abdelfattah, Sahar Samir Abdelmaksoud, Heba Mohamed Shalaby, Saad Shehata Abo-zid, Mahmoud M. Aboulmagd M. Youssef, Ahmed Ali Elshebiny, Hieba Gamal Ezzelregal
COVID-19 has an important component of organ damage which is COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. It is necessary to assess the risk in patients to develop a thrombophylaxis plan. The higher prevalence of key thrombophilic genetic variants, such as mutation of the C677T-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in Eastern Mediterranean countries, makes it challenging to use the same criteria in other world countries with differing thrombophilic panels. To find the incidence of MTHFR gene polymorphism in a cohort of Egyptian patients with COVID-19, and its association with thromboembolic events. This was a prospective observational cohort study, done at Ain-Shams University isolation Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. It included 33 patients with COVID-19 and 13 healthy controls. The patients underwent lab investigations: HRCT chest in which the extent of radiological affection was described in terms of severe form (> 50% of lungs are affected) and non-severe form (< 50% of lungs are affected) and assessment of MTHFR-C677T genotypes. Then follow-up for 28 days for vascular thrombotic manifestations. Out of 33 patients, MTHFR-gene mutation was found in 10 (incidence rate 30.3%). Severe form of affection in the HRCT chest was significantly related to mutation of the MTHFR gene (P value = 0.009). Patient cure and discharge were significantly related to the absence of mutation of MTHFR-gene (P value = 0.025), whereas death and radiological evidence of thrombosis were significantly related to the presence of MTHFR-gene mutation (P value = 0.027 and 0.022 respectively). Age > 55 years (60% sensitivity, 100% specificity, PPV 100%), albumin ≤ 3.2 gm/dl (50% sensitivity, 95.65% specificity, PPV83.3%), and ferritin > 453 ng/L (70% sensitivity, 82.61% specificity, PPV 63.6%) were predictors of mutation of MTHFR-gene. Incidence of mutation of MTHFR-gene was 30.3% in COVID-19 patients. Results suggest a potential association between inherited MTHFR gene mutation and severe form of COVID-19, thromboembolic events, and mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05679414. https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S000CU2V&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00056R5&ts=2&cx=lrrb7q . Retrospectively registered. 9th Jan 2023.
{"title":"Incidence of thrombophilic gene polymorphism (MTHFR C677T) in Egyptian COVID-19 patients and its clinical implications","authors":"Eman Badawy Abdelfattah, Sahar Samir Abdelmaksoud, Heba Mohamed Shalaby, Saad Shehata Abo-zid, Mahmoud M. Aboulmagd M. Youssef, Ahmed Ali Elshebiny, Hieba Gamal Ezzelregal","doi":"10.1186/s43168-023-00246-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-023-00246-x","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has an important component of organ damage which is COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. It is necessary to assess the risk in patients to develop a thrombophylaxis plan. The higher prevalence of key thrombophilic genetic variants, such as mutation of the C677T-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in Eastern Mediterranean countries, makes it challenging to use the same criteria in other world countries with differing thrombophilic panels. To find the incidence of MTHFR gene polymorphism in a cohort of Egyptian patients with COVID-19, and its association with thromboembolic events. This was a prospective observational cohort study, done at Ain-Shams University isolation Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. It included 33 patients with COVID-19 and 13 healthy controls. The patients underwent lab investigations: HRCT chest in which the extent of radiological affection was described in terms of severe form (> 50% of lungs are affected) and non-severe form (< 50% of lungs are affected) and assessment of MTHFR-C677T genotypes. Then follow-up for 28 days for vascular thrombotic manifestations. Out of 33 patients, MTHFR-gene mutation was found in 10 (incidence rate 30.3%). Severe form of affection in the HRCT chest was significantly related to mutation of the MTHFR gene (P value = 0.009). Patient cure and discharge were significantly related to the absence of mutation of MTHFR-gene (P value = 0.025), whereas death and radiological evidence of thrombosis were significantly related to the presence of MTHFR-gene mutation (P value = 0.027 and 0.022 respectively). Age > 55 years (60% sensitivity, 100% specificity, PPV 100%), albumin ≤ 3.2 gm/dl (50% sensitivity, 95.65% specificity, PPV83.3%), and ferritin > 453 ng/L (70% sensitivity, 82.61% specificity, PPV 63.6%) were predictors of mutation of MTHFR-gene. Incidence of mutation of MTHFR-gene was 30.3% in COVID-19 patients. Results suggest a potential association between inherited MTHFR gene mutation and severe form of COVID-19, thromboembolic events, and mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05679414. https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S000CU2V&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00056R5&ts=2&cx=lrrb7q . Retrospectively registered. 9th Jan 2023.","PeriodicalId":22426,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138523862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00245-y
Ghufran Lutfi Ismaeel, Mohanad Ali Abdulhadi, Lubna R. Al-Ameer, Sally Salih Jumaa, Israa M. Essa, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Abbas F. Almulla, Ronak Taher Ali
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. The main pathological features of ALI are increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability, edema, uncontrolled migration of neutrophils to the lungs, and diffuse alveolar damage, resulting in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate the antioxidant activities of flavanols in a rat model of acute lung injury (ALI). PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched to obtain the relevant papers. Nine studies with 343 rat models of ALI were included in this study. We investigated oxidative stress with the corresponding 95% CI. Estimating the correlation and 95% CIs for the inflammatory agents and oxidative stress in the intervention group, compared with that in the control group (ALI), respectively (correlation: 0.635; 95% CI, 0.560–0.699, P value = 0.000, Z value= 12.648) and (correlation: 0.317; 95% CI, 0.189–0.434, P value = 0.00, Z value= 4.7). In conclusion, investigating the effects of different flavanols on oxidative stress in lung injury may provide a useful therapeutic strategy in ALI mouse models. However, the final conclusion on treatment efficacy should be sufficient for prospective controlled randomized trials.
{"title":"Quercetin for inhibition of inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in lung injury model: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ghufran Lutfi Ismaeel, Mohanad Ali Abdulhadi, Lubna R. Al-Ameer, Sally Salih Jumaa, Israa M. Essa, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Abbas F. Almulla, Ronak Taher Ali","doi":"10.1186/s43168-023-00245-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-023-00245-y","url":null,"abstract":"Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. The main pathological features of ALI are increased alveolar-capillary membrane permeability, edema, uncontrolled migration of neutrophils to the lungs, and diffuse alveolar damage, resulting in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate the antioxidant activities of flavanols in a rat model of acute lung injury (ALI). PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched to obtain the relevant papers. Nine studies with 343 rat models of ALI were included in this study. We investigated oxidative stress with the corresponding 95% CI. Estimating the correlation and 95% CIs for the inflammatory agents and oxidative stress in the intervention group, compared with that in the control group (ALI), respectively (correlation: 0.635; 95% CI, 0.560–0.699, P value = 0.000, Z value= 12.648) and (correlation: 0.317; 95% CI, 0.189–0.434, P value = 0.00, Z value= 4.7). In conclusion, investigating the effects of different flavanols on oxidative stress in lung injury may provide a useful therapeutic strategy in ALI mouse models. However, the final conclusion on treatment efficacy should be sufficient for prospective controlled randomized trials.","PeriodicalId":22426,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138523847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00236-z
Safy Zahid Kaddah, Yousef Mohamed Amin Soliman, Heba Mousa, Naglaa Moustafa, Eman Kamal Ibrahim
The co-existence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known as overlap syndrome, and both conditions share common risk factors and are associated with co-morbidities and poor outcomes. Sixty stable COPD patients were included in the study. We assessed body measurements, pulmonary functions to diagnose and assess COPD severity, arterial blood gases, STOB-BANG questionnaire (SBQ), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and polysomnography (PSG) for diagnosis and classification of OSA severity. The aim of the study is to assess predictors of OSA among COPD patients. The prevalence of overlap syndrome was 70% among studied stable COPD patients, with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1, and SBQ and ESS were statistically higher in overlap syndrome with p values < 0.001 and 0.002, respectively. Oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was 42.72 ± 30.02 for overlap in comparison to 13.18 ± 5.80 for COPD with a significant p value of < 0.001, and T90 was significantly increased in the overlap group (26.75 ± 10.37) than the COPD-only group (1.8 ± 0.98, p value ≤ 0.001). We found a direct correlation between the GOLD stage and severity of OSA in overlap syndrome. The best cutoff value for the detection of overlap syndrome was ESS = 9 (sensitivity = 88.6% and specificity = 62.5%) and SBQ = 5 (sensitivity = 63.6% and specificity = 93.8%). Overlap syndrome represents 70% of stable COPD patients. A direct relation was found between the GOLD stage and OSA severity in overlap syndrome. ESS and SBQ can be used for screening for OSA in COPD patients but with a lower cutoff value than those used for the general population. Retrospectively registered, registration number is NCT05605431, date of registration October 29, 2022.
{"title":"Predictors of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"Safy Zahid Kaddah, Yousef Mohamed Amin Soliman, Heba Mousa, Naglaa Moustafa, Eman Kamal Ibrahim","doi":"10.1186/s43168-023-00236-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-023-00236-z","url":null,"abstract":"The co-existence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known as overlap syndrome, and both conditions share common risk factors and are associated with co-morbidities and poor outcomes. Sixty stable COPD patients were included in the study. We assessed body measurements, pulmonary functions to diagnose and assess COPD severity, arterial blood gases, STOB-BANG questionnaire (SBQ), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and polysomnography (PSG) for diagnosis and classification of OSA severity. The aim of the study is to assess predictors of OSA among COPD patients. The prevalence of overlap syndrome was 70% among studied stable COPD patients, with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1, and SBQ and ESS were statistically higher in overlap syndrome with p values < 0.001 and 0.002, respectively. Oxygen desaturation index (ODI) was 42.72 ± 30.02 for overlap in comparison to 13.18 ± 5.80 for COPD with a significant p value of < 0.001, and T90 was significantly increased in the overlap group (26.75 ± 10.37) than the COPD-only group (1.8 ± 0.98, p value ≤ 0.001). We found a direct correlation between the GOLD stage and severity of OSA in overlap syndrome. The best cutoff value for the detection of overlap syndrome was ESS = 9 (sensitivity = 88.6% and specificity = 62.5%) and SBQ = 5 (sensitivity = 63.6% and specificity = 93.8%). Overlap syndrome represents 70% of stable COPD patients. A direct relation was found between the GOLD stage and OSA severity in overlap syndrome. ESS and SBQ can be used for screening for OSA in COPD patients but with a lower cutoff value than those used for the general population. Retrospectively registered, registration number is NCT05605431, date of registration October 29, 2022.","PeriodicalId":22426,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138523844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00248-9
Alireza Ziaei Moghaddam, Reza Basiri, Nema Mohamadian Roshan
Mucormycosis is a life-threatening infection caused by fungi in the Mucorales species. It mainly affects diabetes patients and other immune-compromised hosts. The infection can involve multiple organ systems, with the lungs being the second most common site. We report a case of a 40-year-old female who had a mass that resembled a tumor, a very rare manifestation of the disease which we were able to diagnose, treat, and now report as it is essential to initiate treatment as early as possible due to its aggressive behavior and high mortality rate.
{"title":"Pulmonary mucormycosis presenting as a tumor-like mass in an uncontrolled diabetic patient: a rare case report","authors":"Alireza Ziaei Moghaddam, Reza Basiri, Nema Mohamadian Roshan","doi":"10.1186/s43168-023-00248-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-023-00248-9","url":null,"abstract":"Mucormycosis is a life-threatening infection caused by fungi in the Mucorales species. It mainly affects diabetes patients and other immune-compromised hosts. The infection can involve multiple organ systems, with the lungs being the second most common site. We report a case of a 40-year-old female who had a mass that resembled a tumor, a very rare manifestation of the disease which we were able to diagnose, treat, and now report as it is essential to initiate treatment as early as possible due to its aggressive behavior and high mortality rate.","PeriodicalId":22426,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138523849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00244-z
Reham Abdallah Mohamed, Ahmed Mohammed Mahmoud Hany, Asmaa Abdelhakim Nafady
The duration of immunological persistence in COVID-19-vaccinated individuals is considered a matter of concern. Some studies have shown that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies degrade rapidly. Due to diminishing immunity after vaccination, some people may catch an infection again after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The purpose of the present study was to measure the COVID-19 post-vaccination infection reported by the vaccinated participants and to identify possible associated risk factors among hospital attendants in Qena city. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 285 participants who received COVID-19 vaccines and were aged 18 years or more. A structured questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. 13.7% of the vaccinated participants reported catching the COVID-19 infection after vaccination. Healthcare workers were more susceptible to the COVID-19 infection after vaccination than non-healthcare workers. Post-vaccination infection among participants who received Viral vector vaccines, Inactivated vaccines, and mRNA vaccines were 16.7%, 15.7%, and 3.6%, respectively. Healthcare professionals need to take strict preventive measures since, even after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, they are more vulnerable to infection than non-healthcare personnel. mRNA vaccines can be given in place of viral vector vaccinations because they show a reduced incidence of post-vaccination infection.
{"title":"COVID-19 Post- vaccination infection among hospital attendants in Qena city","authors":"Reham Abdallah Mohamed, Ahmed Mohammed Mahmoud Hany, Asmaa Abdelhakim Nafady","doi":"10.1186/s43168-023-00244-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-023-00244-z","url":null,"abstract":"The duration of immunological persistence in COVID-19-vaccinated individuals is considered a matter of concern. Some studies have shown that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies degrade rapidly. Due to diminishing immunity after vaccination, some people may catch an infection again after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The purpose of the present study was to measure the COVID-19 post-vaccination infection reported by the vaccinated participants and to identify possible associated risk factors among hospital attendants in Qena city. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 285 participants who received COVID-19 vaccines and were aged 18 years or more. A structured questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. 13.7% of the vaccinated participants reported catching the COVID-19 infection after vaccination. Healthcare workers were more susceptible to the COVID-19 infection after vaccination than non-healthcare workers. Post-vaccination infection among participants who received Viral vector vaccines, Inactivated vaccines, and mRNA vaccines were 16.7%, 15.7%, and 3.6%, respectively. Healthcare professionals need to take strict preventive measures since, even after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, they are more vulnerable to infection than non-healthcare personnel. mRNA vaccines can be given in place of viral vector vaccinations because they show a reduced incidence of post-vaccination infection.","PeriodicalId":22426,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138523854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00241-2
Hend M. Esmaeel, Hamdy S. Mohamed, Asmaa R. Khalaf, Hamza A. Mahmoud, Doaa Gadallah
The respiratory system is the most frequently affected system by COVID-19. However, a variety of extra-pulmonary systems can be influenced by COVID-19 with subsequent morbidity and mortality. This study aim is to report the most frequent extra pulmonary presentations of COVID-19 with comparison to patients with primary pulmonary presentation. Risk factors for ICU admission in both groups were examined. In this prospective comparative cross-sectional study, detailed demographics, medical history, clinical assessment, and computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest were done to all recruited patients with COVID-19. This study included a total of 1664 confirmed COVID-19 patients. The patients were categorized into two groups. Patients with pulmonary manifestations included 716 patients while 948 patients presented with extrapulmonary manifestations. Patients in the extrapulmonary group were older. The prevalence of certain chronic comorbid conditions was higher in the extra pulmonary group as cardiac, CNS, hepatic, and renal diseases, while chronic respiratory disorders were more prevalent in the pulmonary group (P value: < 0.0001). No significant difference in CT severity score between both groups. CORAD 5 was predominant in the pulmonary group (P value: < 0.0001). Most cases in both groups required hospital admission either inward or in ICU with higher frequency of ICU admission was observed in the pulmonary group. The significant risk factors for ICU admission in both groups were critically ill category of patients, CT severity, low oxygen saturation level, and the presence of comorbid chronic disease (P < 0.0001 with adjusted Odds ratio). CNS, cardiac, renal, and metabolic dysfunctions exert significant risk for ICU admission in the extrapulmonary group. Atypical or non-respiratory manifestations could be the presentation of a respiratory pathogen as reported in COVID-19. Our work highlights the extrapulmonary presentation of COVID-19. Older male patients were more prone to present with extra pulmonary symptoms. CNS, cardiac, renal, and metabolic dysfunctions were the most affected systems. This could impact the level of care required for patient management and the extent of resource utility.
{"title":"Extra pulmonary versus pulmonary presentation of COVID-19 patients: comparative study","authors":"Hend M. Esmaeel, Hamdy S. Mohamed, Asmaa R. Khalaf, Hamza A. Mahmoud, Doaa Gadallah","doi":"10.1186/s43168-023-00241-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-023-00241-2","url":null,"abstract":"The respiratory system is the most frequently affected system by COVID-19. However, a variety of extra-pulmonary systems can be influenced by COVID-19 with subsequent morbidity and mortality. This study aim is to report the most frequent extra pulmonary presentations of COVID-19 with comparison to patients with primary pulmonary presentation. Risk factors for ICU admission in both groups were examined. In this prospective comparative cross-sectional study, detailed demographics, medical history, clinical assessment, and computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest were done to all recruited patients with COVID-19. This study included a total of 1664 confirmed COVID-19 patients. The patients were categorized into two groups. Patients with pulmonary manifestations included 716 patients while 948 patients presented with extrapulmonary manifestations. Patients in the extrapulmonary group were older. The prevalence of certain chronic comorbid conditions was higher in the extra pulmonary group as cardiac, CNS, hepatic, and renal diseases, while chronic respiratory disorders were more prevalent in the pulmonary group (P value: < 0.0001). No significant difference in CT severity score between both groups. CORAD 5 was predominant in the pulmonary group (P value: < 0.0001). Most cases in both groups required hospital admission either inward or in ICU with higher frequency of ICU admission was observed in the pulmonary group. The significant risk factors for ICU admission in both groups were critically ill category of patients, CT severity, low oxygen saturation level, and the presence of comorbid chronic disease (P < 0.0001 with adjusted Odds ratio). CNS, cardiac, renal, and metabolic dysfunctions exert significant risk for ICU admission in the extrapulmonary group. Atypical or non-respiratory manifestations could be the presentation of a respiratory pathogen as reported in COVID-19. Our work highlights the extrapulmonary presentation of COVID-19. Older male patients were more prone to present with extra pulmonary symptoms. CNS, cardiac, renal, and metabolic dysfunctions were the most affected systems. This could impact the level of care required for patient management and the extent of resource utility.","PeriodicalId":22426,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138523845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00222-5
Heba A. Ali
{"title":"Quality of life and its relation to pediatric asthma severity","authors":"Heba A. Ali","doi":"10.1186/s43168-023-00222-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-023-00222-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22426,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86757354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00220-7
Ghada Youssef, Khalid M. Wagih, Hossam M. Abdel Hamid
{"title":"Safety and efficacy of tocilizumab in critically ill patients with COVID-19: an observational study","authors":"Ghada Youssef, Khalid M. Wagih, Hossam M. Abdel Hamid","doi":"10.1186/s43168-023-00220-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-023-00220-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22426,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86835438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.1186/s43168-023-00218-1
E. AbdelFattah, Ashraf Madkour, Shimaa I. Amer, N. Ahmed
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