Epidermoid cysts in brain are commonly seen as hypo dense lesions on CT scan, hypo intense on T1W MR imaging with no post contrast enhancement and show marked restricted diffusion on DWI. Rarely they are hyper intense on T1W imaging and referred as white epidermoid. We describe two unique cases of rare white epidermoid cyst with unusual CT and MR features that showed no restriction of diffusion on DWI with a signal drop on ADC Map.
{"title":"Unusual Appearances Of White Epidermoid Cyst On CT And MRI With Pathological Correlation – Two Case Reports","authors":"Swati Shah, P. S. Shah, Deven S. Jhaveri","doi":"10.5580/2cb9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2cb9","url":null,"abstract":"Epidermoid cysts in brain are commonly seen as hypo dense lesions on CT scan, hypo intense on T1W MR imaging with no post contrast enhancement and show marked restricted diffusion on DWI. Rarely they are hyper intense on T1W imaging and referred as white epidermoid. We describe two unique cases of rare white epidermoid cyst with unusual CT and MR features that showed no restriction of diffusion on DWI with a signal drop on ADC Map.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90393981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To compare accuracy of prostate model volume measurement between 2 dimensional (2D) and 3 dimensional ultrasonography (3D). Materials and Methods: Sixty prostate models were made using devil’s tongue jelly and shaped by cutting the surface. To compare the accuracy of prostate model volume measurement according to the size and shape of the prostate model, 60 models were divided into four groups according to shape (ellipsoid vs. ellipsoid–intravesical prostate protrusion, IPP) and size (20-50ml vs. 50-80ml). In vitro measurement of prostate models using 2D-HWL, 3D Axial mode, and 3D Sagittal mode was performed and compared. Statistical analysis including simple regression analysis, Bland-Altman plot, and paired samples t-test were performed.Results: The percentage of error in the measurement of ellipsoid prostate models (20 – 80ml) was 4.50% ± 2.33 (3D Sagittal mode), 4.85% ± 1.66 (3D Axial mode), 7.09% ± 2.60 (2D HWL) and there was no statistically different accuracy comparing to true prostate model volume among three measurement methods. Pierson’s correlation coefficient revealed higher positive correlation between true volume and measured volume; 0.977 (3D Sagittal mode), 0.976 (3D Axial mode), 0.964 (2D HWL) in the ellipsoid prostate models measurement and 0.989 (3D Sagittal mode), 0.979 (3D Axial mode), 0.941 (2D HWL) in the ellipsoid-IPP model measurement. However, the percentage of error in the measurement of ellipsoid-IPP prostate models (20 – 80ml) was 4.87% ± 2.74 (3D Sagittal mode), 7.04% ± 3.36 (3D Axial mode), 23.56% ± 13.63 (2D HWL), and 2D HWL showed significantly different volume measurement comparing to true volume (p< 0.001). In addition, there was statistically significant difference between 3D Axial mode measurement and true volume (p=0.047) in the measurement of ellipsoid-IPP prostate models (50 – 80ml). Bland-Altman plot showed higher percentage of mean difference between 2D HWL and true volume in the measurement of ellipsoid-IPP prostate models (20 – 80ml). Conclusion: In measuring prostate model volume, the 3D Sagittal mode is better than 3D Axial mode or 2D HWL measurement, especially irregular larger and IPP prostate models.
{"title":"Comparison Of Accuracy Of Prostate Model Volume Measurement Between 2 Dimensional And 3 Dimensional Ultrasonography.","authors":"Soo-Youn Park, S. Hwang","doi":"10.5580/2ba9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2ba9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare accuracy of prostate model volume measurement between 2 dimensional (2D) and 3 dimensional ultrasonography (3D). Materials and Methods: Sixty prostate models were made using devil’s tongue jelly and shaped by cutting the surface. To compare the accuracy of prostate model volume measurement according to the size and shape of the prostate model, 60 models were divided into four groups according to shape (ellipsoid vs. ellipsoid–intravesical prostate protrusion, IPP) and size (20-50ml vs. 50-80ml). In vitro measurement of prostate models using 2D-HWL, 3D Axial mode, and 3D Sagittal mode was performed and compared. Statistical analysis including simple regression analysis, Bland-Altman plot, and paired samples t-test were performed.Results: The percentage of error in the measurement of ellipsoid prostate models (20 – 80ml) was 4.50% ± 2.33 (3D Sagittal mode), 4.85% ± 1.66 (3D Axial mode), 7.09% ± 2.60 (2D HWL) and there was no statistically different accuracy comparing to true prostate model volume among three measurement methods. Pierson’s correlation coefficient revealed higher positive correlation between true volume and measured volume; 0.977 (3D Sagittal mode), 0.976 (3D Axial mode), 0.964 (2D HWL) in the ellipsoid prostate models measurement and 0.989 (3D Sagittal mode), 0.979 (3D Axial mode), 0.941 (2D HWL) in the ellipsoid-IPP model measurement. However, the percentage of error in the measurement of ellipsoid-IPP prostate models (20 – 80ml) was 4.87% ± 2.74 (3D Sagittal mode), 7.04% ± 3.36 (3D Axial mode), 23.56% ± 13.63 (2D HWL), and 2D HWL showed significantly different volume measurement comparing to true volume (p< 0.001). In addition, there was statistically significant difference between 3D Axial mode measurement and true volume (p=0.047) in the measurement of ellipsoid-IPP prostate models (50 – 80ml). Bland-Altman plot showed higher percentage of mean difference between 2D HWL and true volume in the measurement of ellipsoid-IPP prostate models (20 – 80ml). Conclusion: In measuring prostate model volume, the 3D Sagittal mode is better than 3D Axial mode or 2D HWL measurement, especially irregular larger and IPP prostate models.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73696698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Umesh, Parekh Hiral Pramodbhai, Chudasama Shilpa Laxmidas, Makda Mohammad Taiyabali, Gandhi Rozil Jayesh, A. RajwadiShilpa
Vertebral artery AVM’s are a rare entity. They are mostly commonly encountered in 2 part of vertebral artery. Mostly they have old history of penetrating trauma. AVM’s due to blunt injury or congenital cause is very rare. They may be asymptomatic or cause symptoms due to compression to the surrounding structures or the spinal cord. Color doppler ultrasound findings show high velocity, low resistance monophasic flow and also demonstrates feeders and draining vessels. Contrast MR Angiography of neck-Time of flight(TOF) images show the whole extent, origin and its relations with the spinal cord better along with feeders and draining vessels. It is drained by epidural veins and paraspinal veins.
{"title":"MR Findings Of Vertebral AVM","authors":"B. Umesh, Parekh Hiral Pramodbhai, Chudasama Shilpa Laxmidas, Makda Mohammad Taiyabali, Gandhi Rozil Jayesh, A. RajwadiShilpa","doi":"10.5580/2aa8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2aa8","url":null,"abstract":"Vertebral artery AVM’s are a rare entity. They are mostly commonly encountered in 2 part of vertebral artery. Mostly they have old history of penetrating trauma. AVM’s due to blunt injury or congenital cause is very rare. They may be asymptomatic or cause symptoms due to compression to the surrounding structures or the spinal cord. Color doppler ultrasound findings show high velocity, low resistance monophasic flow and also demonstrates feeders and draining vessels. Contrast MR Angiography of neck-Time of flight(TOF) images show the whole extent, origin and its relations with the spinal cord better along with feeders and draining vessels. It is drained by epidural veins and paraspinal veins.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73387227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge base of the radiology team regarding preanalytic laboratory specimen collection and to determine the effectiveness of an educational knowledge translation seminar on improving the understanding of these core concepts. Materials & Methods: 30 examinations sets were distributed to eligible personnel who participated in an educational seminar presented by three diagnostic laboratory physicians. Following the seminar the same written examination was completed anonymously and the post-seminar examinations were collected and tallied. Results: 24 of these examination sets were complete sets (80%) and used for data analysis. The breakdown of respondents were 2 radiologists (8%), 3 registered nurses (12.5%) and 19 technologists (79.2%). Before the seminar the range of scores of the written examination ranged from 0-57.1%. The mean pre-seminar score was 40%. Following the educational session the range of scores of the written examination were from 57% 100% and the mean score was 88.5%. Conclusion: Based on the authors' results of this study there is a need for additional training regarding proper specimen collection. The study also suggests that a knowledge translation strategy, such as an educational seminar addressing institutional specific specimen collection protocols, can be an effective tool to address deficiencies.
{"title":"Assessing the Pre-Analytic Phase of Laboratory Testing and Measuring the Impact of an Educational Knowledge Translation Strategy on Medical Imaging Teams","authors":"D. Dhanoa, K. Burton","doi":"10.5580/2b5d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2b5d","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge base of the radiology team regarding preanalytic laboratory specimen collection and to determine the effectiveness of an educational knowledge translation seminar on improving the understanding of these core concepts. Materials & Methods: 30 examinations sets were distributed to eligible personnel who participated in an educational seminar presented by three diagnostic laboratory physicians. Following the seminar the same written examination was completed anonymously and the post-seminar examinations were collected and tallied. Results: 24 of these examination sets were complete sets (80%) and used for data analysis. The breakdown of respondents were 2 radiologists (8%), 3 registered nurses (12.5%) and 19 technologists (79.2%). Before the seminar the range of scores of the written examination ranged from 0-57.1%. The mean pre-seminar score was 40%. Following the educational session the range of scores of the written examination were from 57% 100% and the mean score was 88.5%. Conclusion: Based on the authors' results of this study there is a need for additional training regarding proper specimen collection. The study also suggests that a knowledge translation strategy, such as an educational seminar addressing institutional specific specimen collection protocols, can be an effective tool to address deficiencies.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76130225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The MRI findings of supratentorial cystic meningioma with a mural nodule are highlighted. These lesions, by virtue of their peripheral location and large cystic component, occasionally mimic gliomas or other intra-axial lesions. Recognition of this entity and keeping it as a differential is important to guide surgical decisions. Leaving behind cystic components at surgery can lead to recurrence of a potentially curable tumor.
{"title":"MRI Findings Of An Atypical Cystic Meningioma – A Rare Case","authors":"D. Saxena, P. Rout, K. Pavan, B. Philip","doi":"10.5580/2b5c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2b5c","url":null,"abstract":"The MRI findings of supratentorial cystic meningioma with a mural nodule are highlighted. These lesions, by virtue of their peripheral location and large cystic component, occasionally mimic gliomas or other intra-axial lesions. Recognition of this entity and keeping it as a differential is important to guide surgical decisions. Leaving behind cystic components at surgery can lead to recurrence of a potentially curable tumor.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85019752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Perirenal haematoma (PRH) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition which may be traumatic, iatrogenic or spontaneous in nature. Computed tomography (CT) imaging has been shown to have a high sensitivity for detection of PRH and identification of its underlying aetiology. In this article, the CT appearance of the most common aetiologies of PRH is presented.
{"title":"Role Of Computed Tomography In Perirenal Haematoma; A Pictorial Review","authors":"S. Lai, M. Spanger","doi":"10.5580/2b3a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2b3a","url":null,"abstract":"Perirenal haematoma (PRH) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition which may be traumatic, iatrogenic or spontaneous in nature. Computed tomography (CT) imaging has been shown to have a high sensitivity for detection of PRH and identification of its underlying aetiology. In this article, the CT appearance of the most common aetiologies of PRH is presented.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79521379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Chandramohan, M. Kangavel, J. Madhusudhanan, D. Madhusudhanan
A 22-year-old female was referred with obstructive jaundice. On evaluation, she was found to have a pancreatic head mass. An image-guided fine needle aspiration and cytology of the mass lesion showed epitheloid cell granulomas suggestive of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the pancreas is a rare entity, which can mimic carcinoma or focal pancreatitis. An accurate preoperative diagnosis needs a high index of suspicion and is possible with the availability of superior imaging tools. This can aid in avoiding the need for major surgical resection in the form of pancreaticoduodenectomy. In this article, we highlight the specific radiological features that can help us in differentiating malignancy from tuberculosis.
{"title":"Tuberculous Pancreatic Head Mass – A Radiological Dilemma","authors":"S. Chandramohan, M. Kangavel, J. Madhusudhanan, D. Madhusudhanan","doi":"10.5580/2b72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2b72","url":null,"abstract":"A 22-year-old female was referred with obstructive jaundice. On evaluation, she was found to have a pancreatic head mass. An image-guided fine needle aspiration and cytology of the mass lesion showed epitheloid cell granulomas suggestive of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis of the pancreas is a rare entity, which can mimic carcinoma or focal pancreatitis. An accurate preoperative diagnosis needs a high index of suspicion and is possible with the availability of superior imaging tools. This can aid in avoiding the need for major surgical resection in the form of pancreaticoduodenectomy. In this article, we highlight the specific radiological features that can help us in differentiating malignancy from tuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74004242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jejunogastric intussusception is a rare surgical emergency, mostly seen after gastrojejunostomy. A rapid CT examination can speed the diagnosis and subsequent management. We used table water as neutral enteral contrast agent to visualize the intussuscepted segment of bowel. Multiplanar capability of CT affords an unambiguous diagnosis. CT with a neutral enteral contrast agent such as water should be a preferred imaging modality, over positive enteral contrast agent such as barium, or an inconvenient endoscopy.
{"title":"Jejunogastric Intussusception – A Rare Case Detected On CT","authors":"D. Saxena, Ravi V Hoisala, P. Divya","doi":"10.5580/2aaa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2aaa","url":null,"abstract":"Jejunogastric intussusception is a rare surgical emergency, mostly seen after gastrojejunostomy. A rapid CT examination can speed the diagnosis and subsequent management. We used table water as neutral enteral contrast agent to visualize the intussuscepted segment of bowel. Multiplanar capability of CT affords an unambiguous diagnosis. CT with a neutral enteral contrast agent such as water should be a preferred imaging modality, over positive enteral contrast agent such as barium, or an inconvenient endoscopy.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82717935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computed tomography (CT), with its inferior soft tissue contrast, compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is not considered the primary imaging method when examining the prostate. Nevertheless, knowledge of the imaging features of prostatic disease on CT is important. The prostate is depicted in abdominal/ pelvic CT examinations and pathology of the prostate should not be missed. MRI is contraindicated in some patients and is in a global perspective not everywhere easily accessible. So patients with suspect findings on digital rectal examination or ultrasound may have the need for further CT imaging. After an overview of the normal anatomy the imaging features of common prostatic diseases with CT and its limitations are discussed.
{"title":"Computed Tomography Of The Prostate- A Review","authors":"J. Gossner","doi":"10.5580/2b5e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2b5e","url":null,"abstract":"Computed tomography (CT), with its inferior soft tissue contrast, compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is not considered the primary imaging method when examining the prostate. Nevertheless, knowledge of the imaging features of prostatic disease on CT is important. The prostate is depicted in abdominal/ pelvic CT examinations and pathology of the prostate should not be missed. MRI is contraindicated in some patients and is in a global perspective not everywhere easily accessible. So patients with suspect findings on digital rectal examination or ultrasound may have the need for further CT imaging. After an overview of the normal anatomy the imaging features of common prostatic diseases with CT and its limitations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82994928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. A. Dasan, K. Vijay, C. Satish, B. Nagraj, B. Nataraj
Giant cell tumors (GCT) involving the phalangeal bones of the foot are very rare: only 1-2% cases of GCT occur in the foot and are more common in females. We present a rare case of a benign giant cell tumor involving the proximal phalanx of the left great toe in a 23 year old male. The patient presented with a 3 month history of pain and gradually increasing swelling over the great toe of the left foot following trivial trauma to the foot while playing cricket. This case report aims to highlight the conventional radiographic, ultrasound and color Doppler, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a rare case report of a giant cell tumor involving the proximal phalanx of the left great toe managed with fibular grafting.
{"title":"Comprehensive Case Report Of A Giant Cell Tumor Involving The Proximal Phalanx Of The Left Great Toe Managed With Fibular Grafting","authors":"T. A. Dasan, K. Vijay, C. Satish, B. Nagraj, B. Nataraj","doi":"10.5580/2b95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2b95","url":null,"abstract":"Giant cell tumors (GCT) involving the phalangeal bones of the foot are very rare: only 1-2% cases of GCT occur in the foot and are more common in females. We present a rare case of a benign giant cell tumor involving the proximal phalanx of the left great toe in a 23 year old male. The patient presented with a 3 month history of pain and gradually increasing swelling over the great toe of the left foot following trivial trauma to the foot while playing cricket. This case report aims to highlight the conventional radiographic, ultrasound and color Doppler, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a rare case report of a giant cell tumor involving the proximal phalanx of the left great toe managed with fibular grafting.","PeriodicalId":22526,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Radiology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81158651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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