Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65385
Ishwori Khanal
उखानहरू लोकजीवनका ज्ञानका प्रतिविम्ब हुन् । सूत्रात्मक रूपमा रहेका उखानहरू आफैमा पूर्ण र सार्थक हुन्छन् । उखानहरू खारिएका ज्ञानवर्धक उक्ति हुन् । यिनीहरू इतिहासका साक्षी हुन्; जुन अग्रजका कथनहरू पुस्तान्तरण हुँदै सारपूर्ण अभिव्यक्तिका सन्दर्भमा प्रयोग भएका हुन्छन् । नेपाली उखानको स्वरुप र प्रयोग क्षेत्रका बारेमा विश्लेषणात्मक अध्ययन प्रस्तुत गर्नु प्रश्तुत लेखको उद्देश्य हो । यसलाई पुष्टि गर्नका लागि वर्णनात्मक विधि, विश्लेषणात्मक विधि, निगमनात्मक तथा आगमनात्मक विधिलाई उपयोग गरिएको छ । पूर्वकार्यको समीक्षालाई अध्ययनको आधारका रूपमा लिइएको छ । उखानको स्वरुप र प्रयोग क्षेत्रका बारेमा जानकारी दिनु यसको मूख्य उपलब्धि रहेको छ । उखानहरू सामाजिक, साँस्कृतिक, धार्मिक, लोकविश्वास तथा परम्परा आदिसँग सम्बन्धित भएर कँसिलो अभिव्यक्ति, नैतिक सन्देश, उपदेश आदिका लागि प्रयोग हुन्छन् । विगतका अनुभव र ज्ञानका शुक्ष्म भावहरू अङ्कित हुन्छन् । उखानको प्रयोगले लोकसभ्यता र संस्कृति प्रकासमान हुन्छ । उखानहरू अनुभावका सार र भाषाका प्राण पनि हुन् । उखानहरू ऐतिहासिक, पौराणिक, लोककथात्मक, सामाजिक, साँस्कृतिक आदि स्रोतबाट उत्पत्ति भएका हुन्छन् । उखानलाई रुपात्मक, विषयात्मक आदि टृष्टिकोणले वर्गीकरण गर्न सकिन्छ । मौखिक सन्दर्भबाट निस्पत्ति भएका उखानहरूले श्रोताको हृदयमा च्वास्स छुन सक्ने सामथ्र्य राख्दछन् । उखानहरू विभिन्न जातजाति, लोकविश्वास, पशुपंक्षी, प्रकृति, समाज, जीवनजगत आदिसँग सम्बन्धित भएर निस्पत्ति भए पनि कतै दृष्टान्तका रूपमा त कतै स्वतन्त्र रूपमा पनि प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ । तसर्थ उखानहरू सरल, संक्षिप्त, सूत्रात्मक, दृष्टान्तमूलक, व्यावहारिक ज्ञान र लोक अनुभूतिबाट खारिएका व्यञ्जनात्मक सूक्तिहरू हुन् जसको प्रयोगले वक्ताहरू आफ्नो प्रभावपूर्ण अभिव्यक्ति दिन सक्षम हुन्छन् । तसर्थ यस लेखमा नेपाली उखानको स्वरुप र प्रयोग क्षेत्रको विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
उखानहरू लोकजीवनका ज्ञानका प्रतिविम्ब हुन् । सूत्रात्मक रूपमा रहेका उखानहरू आफैमा पूर्ण र सार्थक हुन्छन् । उखानहरू खारिएका ज्ञानवर्धक उक्ति हुन् । यिनीहरू इतिहासका साक्षी हुन्;जुन अग्रजका कथनहरू पुस्तान्तरण हुँदै सारपूर्ण अभिव्यक्तिका सन्दर्भमा प्रयोग भएका हुन्छन् । नेपाली उखानको स्वरु पर प्रयोगक्षेत्रका बारेमा विश्लषणात्मक अध्ययन प्रस्तुत गर्नु ्रश्तुत लेखको उद्देश्य हो । यसलाई पुष्टि गर्नालागि वर्णनात्मक विधि、विश्लेषणात्मक विधि、निगमनात्मक तथा आगमनात्मक विधिलाई उपयोग गरिएको छ पूर्वकार्यको समीक्षालाई अध्ययनको आधारका रूपमा लिइएकोछ । उखानको स्वरु पर प्रयोग क्षेत्रका बारमा जानकारी दिनु यसको मूख्य उपलब्धि रहेको छ । उखानहरू सामाजिक、साँस्कृतिक, धार्मिक, लोकविश्वास तथा परम्परा आदिसँग सम्बन्धित भएर कँसिलो अभिव्यक्ति, नैतिक सन्देश、उपदेश आदिकालागि पपरयोग हुन्छन् । विगतका अनुभव र ज्ञानका शुक्ष्म भावहरू अङ्कित हुन्छन् । उखानको पपरयोगलेलोकसभ्यता र संस्कृति प्रकासमान हुन्छ । उखानहरू अनुभावकासार र भाषाका प्राण पनि हुन् । उखानहरू ऐतिहासि、पौराणिक, लोककथात्मक, सामाजिक, साँस्कृतिक आदि स्रोतबाट उत्पत्ति भएका हुन्छन् । उखानलाई रुपात्मक、विषयात्मक आदि टृष्टिकोणले वर्गीकरण गर्न सकिन्छ । मौखिक सन्दर्भबाट निस्पत्ति भएका उखानहरूले श्रोताको हृदयमा च्वास्स छुन सक्ने सामथ्र्य राख्दछन् । उखानहरू विभिन्न जातजाति,लोकविश्वास, पशुपंक्षी, पर्कृति, समाज、जीवनजगत आदिसँग सम्बन्धित भएर निस्पत्ति भए पनि कतै दृष्टान्तका रूपमा त कतै स्वतन्त्र रूपमा पनि प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ । तसर्थ उखानहरू सरल, संक्षिप्त, सूत्रात्मक, दृष्टान्तमूलक,व्यावहारिक ज्ञानर लोक अनुभूतिबाट खारिएका व्यञ्जनात्मक सूक्तिहरू हुन् जसको प्रयोगले वक्ताहरू आफ्नो प्रभावपूर्णअभिव्यक्ति दिन सक्षम हुन्छन् । तसर्थ यस लेखमा नेपाली उखनाको स्वरुप र प्रयोग क्षेत्रको विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको ।
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Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65383
Dhanapati Koirala
कविता काव्यका पाउपाउमा वर्ण र मात्राको निश्चित क्रम र सङ्ख्या, मात्राको गणना, गति, यति विधानसँग सम्बन्धित निश्चित नियमहरूका आधारमा पद्यात्मक रचना गरिने विशिष्ट मानदण्ड नै छन्द हो । मात्रिक छन्द र यसका प्रकार उल्लेख गर्नु र तिनका प्रतिनिधिमूलक रूपमा एकएक ओटा लक्षण र तिनको उदाहरण प्रस्तुत गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान ढाँचामा आधारित रही उद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनोट प्रक्रिया अवलम्बन गरिएको यस लेखमा पुस्तकालयीय कार्य उपयोग गरिएको छ । शास्त्रीय छन्दअन्तर्गत मात्रिकछन्दका चारवटै पाउमा कम्तीमा ३२ मात्राका अष्टिका र मधुभारदेखि १२८ मात्रासम्मका लीलावती छन्दसम्मका जम्मा ४४ छन्दको चर्चा गरिएको छ । यीमध्ये अष्टिका, पज्झटिका, चौपाई, लीलावती, पादाकुलक, रोला, गीति, दोहा, चौबोला, द्विपदी, आर्या र उद्गीतिछन्दहरू उपयोग गरी उत्कृष्ट कविता काव्यसृजना गरिएका छन् । सममात्रिकका मधुभार, दीपक, आभीर, रसिका, हाकलि, सुनसान, अडिल्ला, उपचित्रा, चित्रा, मात्रासमक, वानवासिका, विश्लोक, प्लवङ्गम, सगरमाथा, घत्ता, हीर, वीर, हरिगीता, स्कन्धक, झुल्लाना, अद्र्धसममात्रिकका सोरठा, उपगीति, चुलिआला, अम्बिका र विषममात्रिकका गाहिनी र सिंहनी छन्दको लक्षणका साथै तिनको उदाहरण पनि विभिन्न लक्षणग्रन्थबाट दिइएको छ । सममात्रिकका अचलधृति, शिखाज्योति र शिखासौम्य, अद्र्धसममात्रिक छन्दको चूलिका छन्द पनि उल्लेख गरिएको छ ।
कविता काव्यका पाउपाउमा वर्णर मात्राको निश्चित क्रम र सङ्ख्या, मात्राकोना, गति、यति विधानसँग सम्बन्धित निश्चित नियमहरूका आधारमा पद्यात्मक रचना गरिने विशिष्ट मानदण्ड नै छन्द हो । मात्रिकन छ्द र यसका प्रकार उल्लेख गर्नुरतिनका प्रतिनिधिमूलक रूपमा एकएक ओटा लक्षण र तिनको उदाहरण प्रस्तुत गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान ढाँचामा आधारितरहीउद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनोट परक्रिया अवलम्बन गरिएकोस लेखमा पुस्तकालयीय कार्य उपयोग गरिएको छ । शास्त्रीय छन्दअन्तर्गत मात्रिकछन्दकाारयोगपाचारवटै पाउमा कम्तीमा ३२ मात्राका अष्टिका र मधुभारदेखि १२८ मात्रासम्मकालीलावती छन्दसम्मका जम्मा ४४ छन्दको चर्चा गरिएको छ । यीमध्ये अष्टिाक、पज्झटिका, चौपाई, लीलावती, पदाकुलक, रोला, गीति, दोहा, चौबोला, द्विपदी, आर्या र उद्गीतिछन्दहरू उपयोग गरी उत्कृष्ट कविता काव्यसृजना गरिएका छन् सममात्रिका मधुभार、दीपक, आभीर, रसिका, हाकलि, सुनसान, अडिल्ला, उपचित्रा, चित्रासमक, वानवासिका, विश्लोक, प्लवङ्गम, सगरमाथा, घत्ता, हीर, वरी、हरिगीता, स्कन्धक, झुल्लाना, अद्र्धसममात्रिका सोरठा, उपगीति, चुलिआला、अम्बिका र विषममात्रिका गाहिनीर सिंनही छन्दकोलक्षणका साथै तिनको उदाहरण पनि विभिन्नलक्षणग्रन्थबाट दिइएको छ । सममात्रिका अचलधृत、शिखाज्योतिर शिखासौम्य, अद्र्धसममात्रिक छन्दको चूलिका छन्द पनि ↪Lo_909ल्ेलख गरिएको छ ।
{"title":"मात्रिक छन्दको सैद्धान्तिक तथा प्रयोगात्मक प्रारूप","authors":"Dhanapati Koirala","doi":"10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65383","url":null,"abstract":"कविता काव्यका पाउपाउमा वर्ण र मात्राको निश्चित क्रम र सङ्ख्या, मात्राको गणना, गति, यति विधानसँग सम्बन्धित निश्चित नियमहरूका आधारमा पद्यात्मक रचना गरिने विशिष्ट मानदण्ड नै छन्द हो । मात्रिक छन्द र यसका प्रकार उल्लेख गर्नु र तिनका प्रतिनिधिमूलक रूपमा एकएक ओटा लक्षण र तिनको उदाहरण प्रस्तुत गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान ढाँचामा आधारित रही उद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनोट प्रक्रिया अवलम्बन गरिएको यस लेखमा पुस्तकालयीय कार्य उपयोग गरिएको छ । शास्त्रीय छन्दअन्तर्गत मात्रिकछन्दका चारवटै पाउमा कम्तीमा ३२ मात्राका अष्टिका र मधुभारदेखि १२८ मात्रासम्मका लीलावती छन्दसम्मका जम्मा ४४ छन्दको चर्चा गरिएको छ । यीमध्ये अष्टिका, पज्झटिका, चौपाई, लीलावती, पादाकुलक, रोला, गीति, दोहा, चौबोला, द्विपदी, आर्या र उद्गीतिछन्दहरू उपयोग गरी उत्कृष्ट कविता काव्यसृजना गरिएका छन् । सममात्रिकका मधुभार, दीपक, आभीर, रसिका, हाकलि, सुनसान, अडिल्ला, उपचित्रा, चित्रा, मात्रासमक, वानवासिका, विश्लोक, प्लवङ्गम, सगरमाथा, घत्ता, हीर, वीर, हरिगीता, स्कन्धक, झुल्लाना, अद्र्धसममात्रिकका सोरठा, उपगीति, चुलिआला, अम्बिका र विषममात्रिकका गाहिनी र सिंहनी छन्दको लक्षणका साथै तिनको उदाहरण पनि विभिन्न लक्षणग्रन्थबाट दिइएको छ । सममात्रिकका अचलधृति, शिखाज्योति र शिखासौम्य, अद्र्धसममात्रिक छन्दको चूलिका छन्द पनि उल्लेख गरिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":225282,"journal":{"name":"Madhyabindu Journal","volume":"122 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141017506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65388
Yagya Prasad Rijal
The degree to which a consumer feels that a person, business, or organization has successfully delivered a good or service that satisfies their demands in the circumstances in which they are aware of utilizing the good or service is known as customer satisfaction. The specific objectives of this study are to assess various aspects of service quality provided by commercial banks in Nawalpur, to determine and compare the extent of customers’ satisfaction with the quality of banking services based on different constituent factors, to identify the bank-related factors which influence the service quality. This study is based on primary sources of data. The primary data analysis used different statistical tools like Cronbach's alpha, mean, correlation, and regression analysis. The major conclusion of this is that the level of quality service delivery and its effect on customer satisfaction at commercial banks in Nawalpur. Generally, the responses to service quality dimensions used to measure the performance of the banking services provided by commercial banks in Nawalpur are relatively high.
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Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65387
Naranath Pandey, Hari Prasad Pokhrel, Sanjaya Pokhrel, Mati Prasad Dhakal
Among the various diseases that appear due to deviations in lifestyle, one of the diseases related to the stomach and oesophagus is also hyperacidity. The presented study is the relationship between amlapitta and lifestyle and its treatment through lifestyle management. There are mainly three problems in the study of lifestyle management for the treatment of amlapitta- What are the relationships between amlapitta and lifestyle? What aspects of lifestyle can cure amlapitta? And how can it be established that the treatment of amlapitta is through lifestyle management? There are the following three objectives to solve this problem- to analyze the relationship between amlapitta and lifestyle, to present alternative treatment methods for amlapitta by directly practising aspects of lifestyle management, and to establish recognition based on the facts that amlapitta can be treated by lifestyle management. In the present study, there are 120 people in the treatment group and 40 people in the control group, a total of 160 people related to amlapitta. Interview, rating scale and direct practice method are followed. Data is presented using tables, bar diagrams and pie charts. APA 7 method and SPSS application are used. The study is limited only to the urban area of Kawasoti and Madhyabindu municipality and the hilly area of Hupsekot village of Nawalpur district. Based on the research that focused on the 11 problems included in its study, it was found that amlapitta was cured by lifestyle management in three groups, while no improvement was found in the control group.
{"title":"Relationship among Amlapitta and Lifestyle and its Treatment through Lifestyle Management","authors":"Naranath Pandey, Hari Prasad Pokhrel, Sanjaya Pokhrel, Mati Prasad Dhakal","doi":"10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65387","url":null,"abstract":"Among the various diseases that appear due to deviations in lifestyle, one of the diseases related to the stomach and oesophagus is also hyperacidity. The presented study is the relationship between amlapitta and lifestyle and its treatment through lifestyle management. There are mainly three problems in the study of lifestyle management for the treatment of amlapitta- What are the relationships between amlapitta and lifestyle? What aspects of lifestyle can cure amlapitta? And how can it be established that the treatment of amlapitta is through lifestyle management? There are the following three objectives to solve this problem- to analyze the relationship between amlapitta and lifestyle, to present alternative treatment methods for amlapitta by directly practising aspects of lifestyle management, and to establish recognition based on the facts that amlapitta can be treated by lifestyle management. In the present study, there are 120 people in the treatment group and 40 people in the control group, a total of 160 people related to amlapitta. Interview, rating scale and direct practice method are followed. Data is presented using tables, bar diagrams and pie charts. APA 7 method and SPSS application are used. The study is limited only to the urban area of Kawasoti and Madhyabindu municipality and the hilly area of Hupsekot village of Nawalpur district. Based on the research that focused on the 11 problems included in its study, it was found that amlapitta was cured by lifestyle management in three groups, while no improvement was found in the control group.","PeriodicalId":225282,"journal":{"name":"Madhyabindu Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141016954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65389
Sushil Gautam, Tek Bahadur Chhetry
The research paper explores the idea placed in the article “Nepali Women in Politics: Success and Challenges” by Bishnu Raj Upreti, Drishti Upreti and Yamuna Ghale published in the ‘Journal of International Women’s Studies’ on April 2020 from the perspectives of CDA, a relatively recent approach to analyzing discourse. The paper provides the definitions and overview of some CDA models mainly of Norman Fairclough, Ruth Wodak, T.A. Van Dijk and so on. Language, ideology and discourse are inseparable notions as we talk about media, translation and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). We get information from many sources which we use to interpret the world. Personal interactions with others provide us the insight with their knowledge and experience, cultural conventions and practices in their social world. On the other hand, television, radio, newspaper and magazines, the internet and many other sources with their different values provide us information. Language is the main mood through which most of the sources give information and most of these sources can be interpreted and analyzed using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The paper will discuss how the discourse used by the three authors in the article shows women’s struggle for equality in Nepal for the establishment of their identity in the society by exposing themselves in politics.
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Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65382
Chet Narayan Sapkota
The study focuses on how teachers use language and power to share knowledge, specifically concerning the power language used in Nepali ELT classrooms. The study's primary goals are to analyze language power as it reveals itself in speech acts and examine how teachers' use of language power affects students' attitudes toward learning. The primary source of data for this study was the teaching activities carried out in the district of Nawalparasi, Nepal. Depending on attributes including gender, job position, and length of service, four public school teachers—two male and two female—were chosen. Using a qualitative ethnographic study approach, the teacher and students' interactions and language use are examined. The data is further evaluated using Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis, which comprises description, interpretation, and explanation. The findings suggest that teachers are imposing speech act forms on their students and that this power may have an impact on how they feel about learning. However, students are also motivated and become more engaged in class when teachers express their pleasure in speech act forms. Therefore, teachers should incorporate humanistic teaching into their teaching and learning activities, taking into account the potential problems of using language in an ELT classroom.
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Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65380
B. Lamsal
Determinants of stock price of Nepalese commercial banks are examined. Primary goal of the study is to analyze, and evaluate the share price fluctuations of Nepalese commercial banks. A descriptive and causal comparative research design was utilized to achieve the objectives of this research. Secondary data will be gathered from the annual reports of sample seven commercial banks, the NEPSE, and other related companies. The MPS has a positive relationship with EPS, P/E ratio, and BVPS but a negative relationship with DPS. It is found that there is a strong positive association between all independent variables (EPS, DPS, BVPS, and P/E Ratio) and the dependent variable (MPS) Examined are the factors that affect Nepalese commercial banks' stock prices. The analysis and evaluation of Nepalese commercial banks' share price fluctuations is the study's main objective. The MPS has a negative relationship with DPS but a positive relationship with EPS, P/E ratio, and BVPS. The study reveals that during the study period of the Nepalese commercial banks, MPS appears to move the greatest, while price earnings ratio fluctuates the least. The study period's findings also shown a significant positive correlation between commercial banks' stock prices and their EPS, DPS, P/E ratios, and BVPS. The EPS, DPS, P/E ratio, and BVPS have a considerable positive correlation with the share price of commercial banks.
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Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65386
Mahadev Devkota
CCTV surveillance cameras have played an influential role in safeguarding security, discipline, and a conducive learning environment in Nepali schools. However, as surveillance technology is gradually being installed and used, there is a growing concern about privacy violations. In this context, the article aims to explore the distinct perceptions and understanding of the key stakeholders, namely students, teachers and administrators, regarding using CCTV surveillance technology in their natural setting. This article especially seeks the stakeholders’ perceptions on the impact of surveillance technology on students and teachers about their privacy rights. To meet the objective, I have employed a qualitative study that follows the interpretivists’ research paradigm. I have purposively selected five respondents from each school, incorporating three students and two teaching faculties cum administrative persons. I employed semi-structured interviews at three secondary schools from inner Terai of Nawalpur district. Moreover, I utilized non-participant observation, field notes and google-form as a tool to gather content-rich data and verify the information accumulated through semi-structured interviews, regarding their lived and subjective perceptions about using CCTVs. Findings indicate effectively managing and mitigating various risk factors within schools’ premises, and cultivating a culture of shared responsibilities among students and teachers for building a conducive learning culture in schools. It is also found that surveillance technology in Nepali schools nurtures suspicion among stakeholders, along with acknowledging the importance of comprehensive policy, and students’ privacy concerns to ensure a safe and friendly learning culture.
{"title":"The Privacy Price of School Safety Stakeholders' Perceptions Towards the Use of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) in Schools","authors":"Mahadev Devkota","doi":"10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/madhyabindu.v9i1.65386","url":null,"abstract":"CCTV surveillance cameras have played an influential role in safeguarding security, discipline, and a conducive learning environment in Nepali schools. However, as surveillance technology is gradually being installed and used, there is a growing concern about privacy violations. In this context, the article aims to explore the distinct perceptions and understanding of the key stakeholders, namely students, teachers and administrators, regarding using CCTV surveillance technology in their natural setting. This article especially seeks the stakeholders’ perceptions on the impact of surveillance technology on students and teachers about their privacy rights. To meet the objective, I have employed a qualitative study that follows the interpretivists’ research paradigm. I have purposively selected five respondents from each school, incorporating three students and two teaching faculties cum administrative persons. I employed semi-structured interviews at three secondary schools from inner Terai of Nawalpur district. Moreover, I utilized non-participant observation, field notes and google-form as a tool to gather content-rich data and verify the information accumulated through semi-structured interviews, regarding their lived and subjective perceptions about using CCTVs. Findings indicate effectively managing and mitigating various risk factors within schools’ premises, and cultivating a culture of shared responsibilities among students and teachers for building a conducive learning culture in schools. It is also found that surveillance technology in Nepali schools nurtures suspicion among stakeholders, along with acknowledging the importance of comprehensive policy, and students’ privacy concerns to ensure a safe and friendly learning culture.","PeriodicalId":225282,"journal":{"name":"Madhyabindu Journal","volume":"127 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141017155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v8i1.56884
Dhanapati Koirala
प्रायोगिक भाषाविज्ञानको शाखाका रूपमा विकसित शैलीविज्ञान साहित्यिककृतिको विश्लेषण गर्ने एक समालोचनात्मक पद्धति हो । यस पद्धतिका साहित्यिक संरचनाअन्तर्गत बनोट र बुनोट, शैलीअन्तर्गत चयन, अग्रभूमीकरण तथा भाषिक संरचनाअन्तर्गत ध्वनिव्यवस्था, वर्णव्यवस्था र अर्थव्यवस्था उल्लेख गरी यसनुसार कविशिरोमणि लेखनाथ पौड्यालद्वारा रचित ‘वयोवृद्ध कोइलीको बिलौना’ कविताको विश्लेषण गर्नु प्रस्तुत लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । यसमा गुणात्मक विधिअन्तर्गत पुस्तकालयीय कार्य गरिएको छ । बनोटअन्तर्गत अन्वितित्रयको परिपालनाद्वारा मानवीय जीवनको व्यञ्जना र क?ण रसभाव प्रस्तुत छ । बुनोटअन्तर्गत शिखरिणी छन्दका पाँच पद्यमा सीमित पाठमा चारवटा बिम्ब र कोइली प्रतीकका रूपमा, रूपक र उपमा अलङ्कार प्रस्तुत छन् । भाषिक संरचनाअन्तर्गत ध्वनिव्यवस्थामा खण्डीयअन्तर्गत अ, आ, इ, ई उ, ऊ स्वरवर्ण र व्यञ्जनअन्तर्गत ज्, य्, ल्, त्, ह्, म्, छ्, न्, ग्, ख्, र्, प्, च, ञ्, ट्, ठ्, क्, ध्, ब्, स्, व्, ढ्, द्, ङ्, थ्, ष्, घ्, श् वर्णहरू प्रयोग भएका छन् । शब्दव्यवस्थाअन्तर्गत १४३ शब्दहरूमध्ये कार्यका आधारमा नाम ३९, सर्वनाम १३, विशेषण ५३, क्रियापद २४, स्रोतका आधारमा ४३ तत्सम, ९९ तद्भव, १ आगन्तुक, संरचनाका आधारमा २७ व्युत्पन्न र बाँकी अव्युत्पन्न, २ नामयोगी, १ संयोजक, विस्मयादिबोधक पाँच, ६ व्रिmयाविशेषण, २७ रूपायित शब्दहरू, २२ नाम पदावली, ४ क्रियापदावली, २ क्रियाविशेषण पदावली, १ नामस्थानिक पदावली, ४ उपवाक्य र ३ वाक्यहरू प्रयोग भएका छन् । आर्थी व्यवस्थाअन्तर्गत ६ पर्यायवाची, ४ विपरीतार्थी, १६ अनेकार्थी तथा ४ समावेशी शब्दहरू, शैलीअन्तर्गत चयनअनुरूप उज्यालो, हिमचुली, गगन, ?ख, पवन, खग, मधुर, वय, जवानी, स्वर्ग, निशि, हृदय, गति, गौरव, आँखा, तन र उषापदहरू प्रस्तुत छन् । विचलनअन्तर्गत व्याकरणिक, वर्णविन्यास, वर्णात्मक, आर्थीविचलन र समानान्तरताअन्तर्गत वाक्यावृत्ति र अन्त्यानुप्रासको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । ‘मधुर वय कहाँ गयो’ प्रश्न उब्जाएर ‘त्यो मेरो वय सब गयो’ उत्तर दिइएको छ ।
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Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.3126/madhyabindu.v8i1.56891
Tika Ram Kandel, Sabina Shakya
The focus of this study lies on the right intention (SamyakSaṃkalpa), renunciation of craving, and causation of Karmic fruits (phala) in one’s life relating to the chosen tales from the Jātaka. It is one action which helps in liberating oneself from acquiring what one desires because of one's cravings, even though it's result is harmful. It highlights the significance of one’s karma for changing the current plight bringing references from the selected Jātaka tales. Such a study may help to some extent to counter the tag imposed to Buddhism as pessimistic and even nihilistic philosophy. The research approach adopted for this study includes the observation of Buddhist notion of right intention and causation of karma in three Jātakatales. The study finds that the conscious effort for benevolence purpose changes the destiny of people as reflected to Jātakatales. It also adds renunciation in Buddhism that advocates for the Philanthropic works for common benefits. The study concludes that Jātaka tales are enriched with the idea of hard effort for shaping one’s life challenging extraterrestrial or supernatural power.
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