The Journal of Community Health Management最新文献

{"title":"A study on delayed cord clamping and early skin-to-skin contact and its effect on maternal health","authors":"Sangeeta Kansal, Madhu Jain, Suchi Jain Sinha, Lakshmi Dixit, Sushil Kumar Gyadin Yadav","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2024.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2024.006","url":null,"abstract":"Before the mid-1950s, Early Cord Clamping (ECC) meant clamping the umbilical cord within one minute of birth. Delayed Cord Clamping (DCC), on the other hand, involved clamping the cord more than five minutes after birth. After birth, because of noticing changes in blood volume and the absence of clear guidance on the best timing, early cord clamping became a usual practice, typically happening within 15-20 seconds of birth. The objective of the study is to identify the effects of DCC and early skin-to-skin contact on mother’s physiological parameters, breastfeeding behaviour, and post-partum haemorrhage compared to Early Cord Clamping. A group of 300 mothers and their newborns were studied after the mothers agreed to participate. The mothers were split into two groups, each with 150 participants. Group A experienced DCC and ESS contact, while Group B had Early Cord Clamping. The study's results showed similar findings in both groups regarding the average Hb level and maternal blood loss. Postpartum haemorrhage was less among DCC compared to early group with significant difference was observed. This study discovered that DCC with ESSC has a positive impact on preventing postpartum haemorrhage. This is achieved through improved breastfeeding and bonding. The study found that the side effects of DCC and ESSC are not significant. So, DCC and ESSC should be practiced in term uncomplicated deliveries.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The price of progress: Pollution's health consequences in India","authors":"Aushili M","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2024.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2024.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital governance in transforming health systems and health policy in India","authors":"Manoj Kar, Sipra Ram","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2024.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2024.003","url":null,"abstract":"The cornerstone of a thriving nation is the health of its citizens, and Universal Health Coverage (UHC) stands as a vital measure of success of its health systems in promoting inclusivity and well-being. The 21st century has seen a growing focus on reshaping health systems around individuals, with integration of data and digital technologies offering significant opportunities for advancing concept of ‘digital governance in transforming health systems’. However, despite the challenges faced by health policymakers, a tangible transformation in 'digital health governance' is still underway.This policy review explores India's digital governance initiatives aimed at revolutionizing healthcare accessibility and delivery to contribute to the realization of UHC. It sheds light on national digital health programs like National Digital Health Blueprint (NDHB), National Digital Health Mission (NDHM), Ayushman Bharat Digital Health Mission, and global health interventions. Addressing challenges such as limited infrastructure and hesitancy toward digital adoption, the paper emphasizes solutions like capacity building and awareness generation as discussed within the national health systems framework. It underscores the importance of optimal governance models fostering interdisciplinary collaboration among key stakeholders, including government, startups, hospitals, and academic institutions. The ultimate goal is to offer insights into strategic digital transformations, supported by robust public policies and governance mechanisms, which can shape a more equitable, efficient, and digitally empowered healthcare ecosystem. This, in turn, contributes to the progress of UHC in India by 2030 (UN-SDGs).","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140703019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent global health concerns: An imminent challenge","authors":"S. S. Gholap, Amit Mani, Shivani Sachdeva, Harpreet Manaktala, Jasleen Sodhi","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2024.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2024.002","url":null,"abstract":"Global health focuses on the healthcare requirements of individuals all around the world.  Resolving these various health concerns necessitates a collaborative and multidisciplinary approach. Understanding the interconnectedness of these concerns enables healthcare professionals all across the world to work on comprehensive solutions that promote health equity and improve population well-being.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140701374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of telemedicine system in rural-tribal setting in India: A perspective view","authors":"Dinesh Kumar, Shweta Sharma, Taranand Singh","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2024.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2024.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140701560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The advancement of echocardiography through evolutionary development","authors":"Soumen Jana, Nandita Chakraborti, Supriya Dey","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2023.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2023.029","url":null,"abstract":"Echocardiography, a non-invasive diagnostic method that offers insights into cardiac structure, function, and hemodynamics, has emerged as a key component of cardiovascular medicine. In a span of less than five decades, this technique has undergone significant evolution, becoming one of the most commonly utilized cardiovascular diagnostic tests after electrocardiography. This article provides a concise overview of the evolutionary development of different forms of echocardiography.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on utilization of ANC services and Psychological status of mothers during Covid–19 pandemic in five adopted villages of KSRDPR University, Gadag, Karnataka","authors":"Gulappa Devagappanava, Jyotsana Gupta","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2023.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2023.032","url":null,"abstract":"Antenatal care is also known as prenatal care is a type of preventive and primitive health care during the period of whole pregnancy to ensure a better birthing outcome for mother and baby. Improving the utilization of maternal health care services is a global challenge for the health system in low and middle-income countries. The goal set by the United Nations, Millennium Developmental goals to reduce the maternal mortality ratio by three quarters during the period 1990-2015. WHO's new SMART guidelines approach, which includes the ANC Digital Adaptation Kit and WHO digital ANC module to support countries through the process of adapting and applying. With the emergence of the COVID - 19 outbreak, it is not impossible that access to quality antenatal care services in the region will be further compromised due to competition for limited health care services. COVID -19 pandemic affects routine service delivery, which may have an impact on antenatal care (ANC) utilization among pregnant women.To assess the utilization of Antenatal Check-ups before to and during the Covid -19 Pandemic period.After obtaining permission from the District Health Office and the appropriate officer in the health force, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. To select study participants who are both convenient and cooperative, the purposive sampling technique was used. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data, information about mothers' socio-demographic details, Antenatal service utilization before and during the Covid - 19 pandemic, An interview schedule was developed in order to identify the Antenatal Care utilization Gap in the eyes of prospective pregnant mothers and the challenges faced by health workers in providing Antenatal services. The data was entered into an excel sheet, and the results were expressed as frequency, percentage.The study included 360 pregnant and delivered mothers aged 18 to 45 years. The majority of mothers (68.33 percent) are between the ages of 18 and 25. Half of the mothers are Primi (51.94%), a quarter of the mothers are Para 1 (33.61%), and more than one-fourth of the mothers are mildly anemic (38.06%). Few mothers have high blood pressure (8.89 percent), the majority of spouses supported their wives' Antenatal natal services visits (93.89 percent), and the majority of mothers received ANC services at no cost (99.44 percent).The current study discovered that due to the COVID - 19 pandemics, antenatal care utilization was lower than before the pandemic period.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pelvic floor physiotherapy for tenesmus-A case report","authors":"Binal Dave, Rozina Shaikh","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2023.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2023.035","url":null,"abstract":"Tenesmus is uncomfortable sensation of incomplete evacuation of the bowel movements and it may be a distressing symptom for sufferers who suffer from rectal fullness. Not like nociceptive ache, neuropathic pain or visceral ache, little is thought about the pathway for this ache. There are only a few studies analyzing the palliative care of this symptom. In this case report, we describe a patient who suffered from severe tenesmus. To address the patient’s tenesmus, pelvic floor physiotherapy was given. After 3 months of pelvic floor physiotherapy, the patient reported complete abolishment of her tenesmus symptoms. Pelvic floor physiotherapy may be an effective tool for the management of tenesmus. Future research studies should consider examining the signs and symptoms of tenesmus.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of 2 different campaigning methods in reaching the public: Conventional pamphlet campaign vs social media campaign - A pilot study","authors":"E. Sharmila, V. Ramesh, R. Jayaprakash, S. Karthika, P. Shankar","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"Cost effective campaigning method to attract people to an awareness program need to be identified. Conventional Pamphlet Campaign remain popular despite the expanding range of Social Media Campaign that have potential to reach large number of people at low cost. Two different methods of awareness campaigns were used to attract people to an awareness program. The Conventional Pamphlet was distributed manually and Social Media Campaign was done in Facebook as a paid promoted post. The budget was fixed to Rs.1200/-for each group. People with interest are invited to scan the provided QR code which directs to an Electronic form (e- form). The number of sign up were estimated in each method. A total of 17 people signed up to participate in awareness program. Of which Conventional Pamphlets Campaign showed 6 sign up and Social Media Campaign showed 11 sign up. The cost per sign up for Conventional Pamphlet Campaign and Social Media Campaign are Rs.200/- and Rs. 109.09 respectively. The Social Media Campaign was the cost effective method and reached larger number of sign ups when compared to Conventional Pamphlet Campaign. Overall, our results demonstrate that Social Media Campaigning is the cost-effective method in attracting people than Conventional Pamphlets Campaigning.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of bacterial isolates and change in their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in urinary tract infections- A five year retrospective study","authors":"Srujana Prabhala, Aarthi Sundaresan, Ami Varaiya","doi":"10.18231/j.jchm.2023.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jchm.2023.034","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) continues to be one of the commonly occurring infections in medical practice despite the widespread availability of antibiotics. Presence of risk factors like elderly age, diabetes, immune-suppression, and other comorbidity pose a challenge in its treatment. Over the years, the etiology and antibiotic resistance of the uropathogens has been inconsistent. Therefore, it is important to determine the causative agents of UTI and their resistance patterns locally, in each region, so that appropriate empiric therapy can be started before the culture and antibiotic sensitivity results are available. This study aims to highlight the prevalence of uropathogens and determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern over the period of five years.The urine samples from patients with suspected urinary tract infections (UTI) received in the laboratory at Nanavati Max Super speciality hospital were processed by standard protocol from January 2018 to December 2022. Antibiotic susceptibility test for the bacterial isolates was carried out by the VITEK2 automated system and interpreted as per CLSI guidelines. The data collected over the study period of five years was interpreted by using the WHO Net Antibiotic Susceptibility Surveillance Software in February 2023. From a total of 8068 urine samples received over five years, uropathogens were isolated in 4209 (52.16%) samples. E.coli was the most common isolate causing UTI, with prevalence of 380(46.7%) in 2018 and 480(50.6%) in 2022 of total samples. Amongst gram positive organisms, a rise in Enterococcus species was seen from 41(5%) in 2018 to 87(9%) in 2022, with significantly fewer Staphylococcus species isolated, from 32(4%) in 2018 to 7(0.7%) in 2022. The Enterobacteriaceae showed high sensitivity to Amikacin, Tigecycline and Meropenem all throughout the study. However, rise in resistance to Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin, antibiotics commonly used for UTIs, was observed. Also the prevalence of Extended Spectrum of Beta lactamase (ESBL) producers decreased from 213(36%) to 127(17%) with a rise in Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae from 48(8%) to 298(40%) over the five years study period.Amongst Lactose Nonfermenting gram negative bacilli only 32 % were sensitive to Carbapenems and 37% sensitive to Aminoglycosides.By 2022, Enterococcus species showed an increase in sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin (27%), High level Aminoglycosides (37%), Fluoroquinolones (25%) and Ampicillin (37%).The change in antibiotic sensitivity patterns over time and rise in resistance to antibiotics commonly used in empirical treatment of UTIs warrants the need for regular surveillance, so the physicians can be updated regarding the most prevalent organism and its susceptibility and the empirical treatment for UTIs can be modified accordingly. This can help curb indiscriminate use of antibiotics and development of antibiotic resistance.","PeriodicalId":22689,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Community Health Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}