Pub Date : 2016-12-28DOI: 10.7569/jnge.2016.692502
G. Iglesias-Silva, V. Rico-Ramírez, David Guerrero-Zárate, M. Anas, K. Hall
Abstract Equal area constructions are basic graphical or iterative procedures that allow calculations of equilibrium conditions for a pure component, or equilibrium compositions for binary nonreactive mixtures or reactive mixtures that satisfy the condition of components minus reactions equal to two. Reactive mixtures can be multicomponent mixtures as long as they satisfy the previous condition. This paper first demonstrates that previously reported equal area algorithms for solving equilibrium conditions are numerically equivalent to a Newton-Raphson procedure. Then, given that result, the equal area algorithm for equilibrium calculations is modified to involve fewer function evaluations; moreover, this new algorithm is able to converge from various initial conditions, even for systems that other numerical procedures cannot accommodate.
{"title":"An Alternative Numerical Interpretation of the Equal Area Rule and its Implications for Calculating Equilibrium Conditions","authors":"G. Iglesias-Silva, V. Rico-Ramírez, David Guerrero-Zárate, M. Anas, K. Hall","doi":"10.7569/jnge.2016.692502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7569/jnge.2016.692502","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Equal area constructions are basic graphical or iterative procedures that allow calculations of equilibrium conditions for a pure component, or equilibrium compositions for binary nonreactive mixtures or reactive mixtures that satisfy the condition of components minus reactions equal to two. Reactive mixtures can be multicomponent mixtures as long as they satisfy the previous condition. This paper first demonstrates that previously reported equal area algorithms for solving equilibrium conditions are numerically equivalent to a Newton-Raphson procedure. Then, given that result, the equal area algorithm for equilibrium calculations is modified to involve fewer function evaluations; moreover, this new algorithm is able to converge from various initial conditions, even for systems that other numerical procedures cannot accommodate.","PeriodicalId":22694,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"101 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90243576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-28DOI: 10.7569/jnge.2016.692504
F. Jou, A. E. Mather
Abstract The solubility of methane has been measured in 3 M solutions of alkanolamines at 75 ºC. The solutions also contained various loadings of H2SorCO2. Partial pressures of methane varied up to 6830 kPa. The effect of the acid gases on the solubility of methane is highly non-linear.
{"title":"Effect of Methane on the Solubility of H2S and CO2 in Alkanolamine Solutions","authors":"F. Jou, A. E. Mather","doi":"10.7569/jnge.2016.692504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7569/jnge.2016.692504","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The solubility of methane has been measured in 3 M solutions of alkanolamines at 75 ºC. The solutions also contained various loadings of H2SorCO2. Partial pressures of methane varied up to 6830 kPa. The effect of the acid gases on the solubility of methane is highly non-linear.","PeriodicalId":22694,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","volume":"35 1","pages":"141 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79781446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) was used for modeling the solubility of solids in supercritical fluids (SCFs). A correction function is introduced to the van der Waals one-fluid mixing rules for EOS parameter b for considering the effect of solute molecules on the volumetric properties of solvent molecules. The calculated results by PR EOS are satisfactory when the temperature-independent interaction parameters are applied to 20 supercritical binary systems containing supercritical carbon dioxide, ethylene and ethane, giving equivalent correlative accuracy by the SAFT EOS, which has a sound theoretical basis. The solubilities of solids in carbon dioxide with ethane as cosolvent ternary systems were predicted using the parameters obtained from binary systems. The solubilities of other systems are also predicted by setting the interaction parameters as zero. The results suggested that a simple PR EOS model can predict the gas-solid phase equilibrium of supercritical fluid with reasonable accuracy.
{"title":"Modeling of the Solubility of Solids in Supercritical Fluids/Supercritical Fluids-Cosolvent Systems using Peng-Robinson Equation of State","authors":"Peng Xiao, Changyu Sun, Wen-qiang Wang, Guangjin Chen","doi":"10.7569/jnge.2015.692504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7569/jnge.2015.692504","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) was used for modeling the solubility of solids in supercritical fluids (SCFs). A correction function is introduced to the van der Waals one-fluid mixing rules for EOS parameter b for considering the effect of solute molecules on the volumetric properties of solvent molecules. The calculated results by PR EOS are satisfactory when the temperature-independent interaction parameters are applied to 20 supercritical binary systems containing supercritical carbon dioxide, ethylene and ethane, giving equivalent correlative accuracy by the SAFT EOS, which has a sound theoretical basis. The solubilities of solids in carbon dioxide with ethane as cosolvent ternary systems were predicted using the parameters obtained from binary systems. The solubilities of other systems are also predicted by setting the interaction parameters as zero. The results suggested that a simple PR EOS model can predict the gas-solid phase equilibrium of supercritical fluid with reasonable accuracy.","PeriodicalId":22694,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"64 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78521533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-01DOI: 10.7569/JNGE.2016.692501
J. Carroll
Welcome to the fi rst issue of the Journal of Natural Gas Engineering (JNGE). This is a new journal with the sole focus on natural gas engineering. The majority of the papers will be peer-reviewed, but there will be the occasional invited article. And like this issue, there will be some special thematic issues. The scope of JNGE will cover all aspects of the natural gas world from the subsurface, wells and production, gathering systems, processing through to the delivery point including related topics such as physical properties, phase equilibrium, corrosion and materials selection, etc. The journal will include theoretical studies, laboratory experiments, fi eld and plant data, and computer simulations – anything that deals with natural gas.
{"title":"The Beginning: the Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","authors":"J. Carroll","doi":"10.7569/JNGE.2016.692501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7569/JNGE.2016.692501","url":null,"abstract":"Welcome to the fi rst issue of the Journal of Natural Gas Engineering (JNGE). This is a new journal with the sole focus on natural gas engineering. The majority of the papers will be peer-reviewed, but there will be the occasional invited article. And like this issue, there will be some special thematic issues. The scope of JNGE will cover all aspects of the natural gas world from the subsurface, wells and production, gathering systems, processing through to the delivery point including related topics such as physical properties, phase equilibrium, corrosion and materials selection, etc. The journal will include theoretical studies, laboratory experiments, fi eld and plant data, and computer simulations – anything that deals with natural gas.","PeriodicalId":22694,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","volume":"97 1","pages":"1 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89989949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-01DOI: 10.7569/jnge.2015.692503
M. Satyro, R. Taylor
Abstract A generalized version of Soave’s non-iterative method for the computation of vapour pressures at specific Tr or the calculation of the temperature dependency of cubic equations of state attractive term at specific Pr/Tr is presented. The method can be used for an unlimited number of equations of state conforming to the RK-PR (Redlich-Kwong – Peng-Robinson) family.
{"title":"Generalized Calculation of Pure Component Vapour Pressures with Three-Parameter Cubic Equations of State","authors":"M. Satyro, R. Taylor","doi":"10.7569/jnge.2015.692503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7569/jnge.2015.692503","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A generalized version of Soave’s non-iterative method for the computation of vapour pressures at specific Tr or the calculation of the temperature dependency of cubic equations of state attractive term at specific Pr/Tr is presented. The method can be used for an unlimited number of equations of state conforming to the RK-PR (Redlich-Kwong – Peng-Robinson) family.","PeriodicalId":22694,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"37 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78987018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-01DOI: 10.7569/jnge.2015.692502
Hong Mei, E. Zhao, J. Renfro, C. Elliott, S. Saha
Abstract An analytical method for calculating a pseudo root for cubic equations of state proposed by Zhao and Saha (1998) has been implemented to perform vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) calculations in a commercial simulation software package. In this study, the proposed method is validated by applying it to rigorous blowdown modeling solved through a simultaneous solution method rather than traditional sequential method. Our experience and suggested improvements are also presented in this paper to maintain continuity in the transition between real root and pseudo root. Continuity is very important for VLE calculations, especially for a simultaneous solution approach in which VLE equations are solved simultaneously with other model equations. In this paper, analytical derivatives of the pseudo root are also given to support the continuous results.
{"title":"Improved Pseudo Root for Cubic Equations of State","authors":"Hong Mei, E. Zhao, J. Renfro, C. Elliott, S. Saha","doi":"10.7569/jnge.2015.692502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7569/jnge.2015.692502","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An analytical method for calculating a pseudo root for cubic equations of state proposed by Zhao and Saha (1998) has been implemented to perform vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) calculations in a commercial simulation software package. In this study, the proposed method is validated by applying it to rigorous blowdown modeling solved through a simultaneous solution method rather than traditional sequential method. Our experience and suggested improvements are also presented in this paper to maintain continuity in the transition between real root and pseudo root. Continuity is very important for VLE calculations, especially for a simultaneous solution approach in which VLE equations are solved simultaneously with other model equations. In this paper, analytical derivatives of the pseudo root are also given to support the continuous results.","PeriodicalId":22694,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","volume":"71 1","pages":"17 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80005745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-01DOI: 10.7569/jnge.2015.692501
A. E. Mather
Donald Robinson was born in Calgary, Alberta on April 3, 1922. In 1927 his family moved to Oliver, B.C. in the Southern Okanagan Valley to engage in fruit farming. He graduated from Oliver High School in 1940 and attended the University of British Columbia. In 1945 he received a BASc in Chemical Engineering. He continued to graduate school and in 1946 received an MASc in Chemical Engineering from U.B.C. He attended the University of Michigan and worked under the supervision of D.L. Katz, a world leader in natural gas technology. Although his thesis was on heat transfer, his interest and enthusiasm for thermodynamics and phase behaviour was stimulated by Professor Katz, and his graduate students such as Riki Kobayashi, John McKetta and Fred Poettmann. Prof. L.O. Case of the Chemistry department taught a course on the phase rule. Don’s first study of gas hydrates was done as a paper for Prof. Case. At Michigan Don met George Govier, who was on leave from the Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering of the University of Alberta. Govier was also a graduate of U.B.C. and he encouraged Don to take a position at the University of Alberta as an Assistant Professor in 1948. In Ann Arbor he also met Barbara, who became his wife; they had four daughters. He received his PhD from the University of Michigan in 1949. He advanced in the ranks and became Department Head in 1959. He served as Head/Chairman until 1970. It was a period of rapid growth of the university. He was instrumental in the planning and
唐纳德·罗宾逊于1922年4月3日出生在阿尔伯塔省的卡尔加里。1927年，他的家人搬到了不列颠哥伦比亚省南部奥肯那根山谷的奥利弗，从事水果种植。1940年，他从奥利弗高中毕业，进入不列颠哥伦比亚大学学习。1945年，他获得化学工程学士学位。他继续读研究生，并于1946年获得加州大学化学工程硕士学位。他就读于密歇根大学，并在天然气技术领域的世界领导者D.L. Katz的监督下工作。虽然他的论文是关于传热的，但Katz教授和他的研究生，如Riki Kobayashi, John McKetta和Fred Poettmann，激发了他对热力学和相行为的兴趣和热情。化学系的L.O. Case教授讲授相律的课程。唐对天然气水合物的第一项研究是为凯斯教授写的论文。在密歇根，唐遇到了阿尔伯塔大学化学与石油工程系休假的乔治·戈维尔。戈维尔也是哥伦比亚大学的毕业生，1948年，他鼓励唐在阿尔伯塔大学担任助理教授。在安娜堡，他还遇到了芭芭拉，后来成为他的妻子;他们有四个女儿。1949年获密歇根大学博士学位。他升职了，并于1959年成为系主任。他担任主管/主席直到1970年。这是一所大学快速发展的时期。他在计划和
{"title":"Donald Baker Robinson: A Biography","authors":"A. E. Mather","doi":"10.7569/jnge.2015.692501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7569/jnge.2015.692501","url":null,"abstract":"Donald Robinson was born in Calgary, Alberta on April 3, 1922. In 1927 his family moved to Oliver, B.C. in the Southern Okanagan Valley to engage in fruit farming. He graduated from Oliver High School in 1940 and attended the University of British Columbia. In 1945 he received a BASc in Chemical Engineering. He continued to graduate school and in 1946 received an MASc in Chemical Engineering from U.B.C. He attended the University of Michigan and worked under the supervision of D.L. Katz, a world leader in natural gas technology. Although his thesis was on heat transfer, his interest and enthusiasm for thermodynamics and phase behaviour was stimulated by Professor Katz, and his graduate students such as Riki Kobayashi, John McKetta and Fred Poettmann. Prof. L.O. Case of the Chemistry department taught a course on the phase rule. Don’s first study of gas hydrates was done as a paper for Prof. Case. At Michigan Don met George Govier, who was on leave from the Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering of the University of Alberta. Govier was also a graduate of U.B.C. and he encouraged Don to take a position at the University of Alberta as an Assistant Professor in 1948. In Ann Arbor he also met Barbara, who became his wife; they had four daughters. He received his PhD from the University of Michigan in 1949. He advanced in the ranks and became Department Head in 1959. He served as Head/Chairman until 1970. It was a period of rapid growth of the university. He was instrumental in the planning and","PeriodicalId":22694,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"16 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83209739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-01DOI: 10.7569/jnge.2015.692505
A. Chapoy, R. Burgass, Alexandre Terrigeol, C. Coquelet
Abstract Natural gas is well known as the cleanest fossil fuel. However, it is estimated that more than 40% of the remaining conventional natural gas reserves are deemed to be acidic, i.e., containing significant quantities of CO2 and H2S. As the global consumption of natural gas is expected to steadily grow, the demand will be met by sources such as sour/acid gas fields. In some specific applications that require cryogenic processes (LNG, NGL recovery), this issue is commonly addressed upstream of the gas dehydration unit, so that the gas is already sweet when arriving at the drying section. In the other cases, the effect of the acidic species on the gas water content is often not properly accounted for, even though an accurate appraisal of the water content is paramount for the sizing of dehydration units. In this contribution, the water contents of the ternary system CO2 + CH4 + H2O were determined for various CO2 to CH4 ratios. New experimental data were obtained using a Tuneable Diode Laser Spectroscopy (TDLS) setup, with an accuracy of +/− 1%. The Soave-Redlich-Kwong and the Peng Robinson equations of state combined with the Cubic-Plus Association were used to estimate water content in CO2-rich gas mixtures.
{"title":"Water Content of CO2-rich Mixtures: Measurements and Modeling using the Cubic-Plus-Association Equation of State","authors":"A. Chapoy, R. Burgass, Alexandre Terrigeol, C. Coquelet","doi":"10.7569/jnge.2015.692505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7569/jnge.2015.692505","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Natural gas is well known as the cleanest fossil fuel. However, it is estimated that more than 40% of the remaining conventional natural gas reserves are deemed to be acidic, i.e., containing significant quantities of CO2 and H2S. As the global consumption of natural gas is expected to steadily grow, the demand will be met by sources such as sour/acid gas fields. In some specific applications that require cryogenic processes (LNG, NGL recovery), this issue is commonly addressed upstream of the gas dehydration unit, so that the gas is already sweet when arriving at the drying section. In the other cases, the effect of the acidic species on the gas water content is often not properly accounted for, even though an accurate appraisal of the water content is paramount for the sizing of dehydration units. In this contribution, the water contents of the ternary system CO2 + CH4 + H2O were determined for various CO2 to CH4 ratios. New experimental data were obtained using a Tuneable Diode Laser Spectroscopy (TDLS) setup, with an accuracy of +/− 1%. The Soave-Redlich-Kwong and the Peng Robinson equations of state combined with the Cubic-Plus Association were used to estimate water content in CO2-rich gas mixtures.","PeriodicalId":22694,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","volume":"185 1","pages":"85 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73311930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conversion factors and constants","authors":"B. Walker","doi":"10.1117/3.818136.apd","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/3.818136.apd","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22694,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Natural Gas Engineering","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88522547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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