The Journal of the Dental Association of Thailand最新文献

Restorations of badly-broken down and endodontically treated teeth are composite resin; pin-retained amalgam or composite resin; casting onlay; prefabricated post with amalgam/composite resin/glass ionomer cement with silver powder core, and cast post & core with crown. The appropriated material and method depend on type, function and remaining tooth structure as well as tooth prognosis and economic status of the patients.

Panoramic radiographs of 1,160 orthodontic patients, 655 females and 505 males, 6-15 years of age were selected for study in congenital absence, loss of permanent teeth and premature loss of deciduous teeth. The result from this investigation showed congenital absence for 100 subjects (8.6%, not including third molars) and 185 subjects (16%, third molars included). The permanent upper lateral incisors are most frequently missing (22.4%, third molars excluded), followed by upper second premolar, 17.8%, lower second premolar, 15.1%, and then lower lateral incisor, 12.5%. The study also showed loss of permanent teeth of 105 subjects (9.1%). The lower first molars are most frequently lost (52.8%), followed by the upper first molar (18.2%). There is no statistical significance (alpha = 0.01) between females and males in both congenital absence and loss of permanent teeth. The premature loss of deciduous teeth was found in 467 subjects (40.3%). The most frequently loss happened to second deciduous molars, followed by first deciduous molars and then deciduous canines. There is more statistical significance (alpha = 0.01) in females than in males.

The study on sterilization of orthodontic pliers by using glass bead sterilizer at 450 F was performed. Microorganisms used in this experiment were Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25933, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and mixed microorganisms in human saliva. The result showed that after the pliers were scrubbed with alcohol and sterilized for 3 minutes with glass bead sterilizer, all vegetative cells and bacterial spores were killed in every test. This study indicated that glass bead sterilizer is capable of sterilizing orthodontic pliers and can be a useful adjunct when rapid chairside sterilization is desired.

The objective of the research was to scrutinize maxillary alteration of skeletal Class III patients following protraction headgear therapy. The sample comprised of 15 patients (6 males, 9 females) aged 8-13 years. According to Sassouni Analysis, the maxilla was retrognathism whereas the mandible was prognathism. All of them were treated with fixed appliance and protraction headgear. Orthopedic force system included maxillary protraction with 400 gram force, mandibular retraction with 1000 gram for 12-14 hours per day. Alteration of the maxilla was scrutinized from consecutive lateral cephalograms prior to orthodontic treatment, immediate posttreatment and 2 years of follow up. The result indicated that orthopedic force enhanced the anterior portion of the maxilla to move downward and forward significantly, without rotation and relapse.

The efficacy of 10 mouthwashes available in Bangkok in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans growth in vitro was studied. After one-minute incubation with the bacterium, most mouthwashes, at concentrations recommended by the manufacturers, demonstrated the antimicrobial effect; three exhibited a complete while five a partial but varying degree of inhibition. Only two mouthwashes were found that did not significantly show any detrimental effect on the bacterial viability.

Oral candidiasis is a common complication of HIV-infected-individuals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and laboratory findings to assess the impact and efficacy of antifungal treatment. This preliminary report describes findings in 50 HIV-positive, candida culture-positive subjects (49 males, 1 female; mean age: 39 years). The group had been known HIV-positive for a mean of 28 months, and 19 met the CDC/WHO definition for AIDS (63%, KS, 21% PCP). Thirty-four of the fifty patients had oral signs of candidiasis, with almost half having both atrophic (red) and pseudomembranous (white) components. In quantitating the cultures, the higher colony forming unit counts in general were correlated with clinical signs and pain. The other most common oral manifestations were periodontal disease, hairy leukoplakia and xerostomia. The most common candida species was albicans (84%). Response to initial antifungal therapy was satisfactory clinically, but erratic regarding CFU quantitation, species changes, and bacterial emergence. In summary, oral candidiasis is a complex infection with uncertainties as to the significance of quantitation and achieving control.

Biomechanical instrumentation of the pulp canal is considered as an essential step in endodontic therapy. Hand instrumentation is not able to clean all of the root canal system completely, therefore endosonics has been used for cleansing and shaping the root canal space. Endosonics provides a more efficient irrigation and a stress reduction procedure. However, endosonics should not be regarded as an alternative method of debridement at present. It can be used as an adjunct for more effective root canal preparation.

The objective of this study is to investigate the accuracy of Moyers' probability chart in predicting canine and premolar sizes from the sum of lower incisors in a group of Thai subjects. The fifty models of orthodontic patient, Faculty of dentistry, Mahidol University with no loss of tooth material mesio-distally, fully erupted permanent teeth, no mesial or distal restoration and normal tooth morphology were selected. The results of this study show that the under-estimation less than or equal to 2 mm. is 32 casts on upper (64%) and 28 casts on lower (56%) and the over estimation greater than 2 mm. is 16 casts on upper (32%) and 18 casts on lower (36%). In comparison of 14 models which have the same value of sum of lower incisors, there is a significant (alpha = 0.05) difference between the combined canine and premolar size of this study and Moyers' probability chart.

Skeletal Class III therapy of the two siblings with a protraction headgear was reported. The treatment result indicated that skeletal and dental malocclusion could be achieved by redirection of maxillary and mandibular growth with force system comprising 400 grams maxillary protraction and 1000 grams mandibular retraction when the treatment was performed at the appropriate time.

Most dentists feel that treating child patients is a difficult task resulting in discomfort and stress experienced by dentists during treatment. This is due to the inability of dentists to understand the emotional state of the child. This article combines various techniques of behavior management for dentists in order to facilitate treatment of child patients.