Pub Date : 2007-06-01DOI: 10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_9
Noritaka Kuboki, W. Tiwananthagorn, H. Takagi, T. Nakayama, X. Xuan, N. Inoue, I. Igarashi, K. Tsujimura, Y. Ikehara, N. Kojima, N. Yokoyama
{"title":"Preliminary evaluation of oligomannose-coated liposome vaccines against lethal protozoan infections in mice","authors":"Noritaka Kuboki, W. Tiwananthagorn, H. Takagi, T. Nakayama, X. Xuan, N. Inoue, I. Igarashi, K. Tsujimura, Y. Ikehara, N. Kojima, N. Yokoyama","doi":"10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22861,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of protozoology research","volume":"15 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85128111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-01DOI: 10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_25
Noritaka Kuboki, Michael K. Kibe, O. Thekisoe, C. Sugimoto, N. Inoue
ABSTRACT With the hypothesis that African trypanosomes could have in vivo specific genes for adaptation to host’s environment, the present study was conducted by using suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique to seek the highly expressed genes especially in host. A total of 328 clones from the in vivo SSH library and that of 160 clones from the in vitro SSH library were analyzed in order to determine their expression levels, but none of the above-mentioned genes showed differential expression. This indicates that no trypanosome genes could be differentially expressed either the in vivo or in vitro propagated trypanosomes. Alternatively, there might be limitation for detecting specifically expressed genes in African trypanosomes using this method, because of their polycistronic gene expression. Key Words : differential expression; infection; Trypanosoma brucei The development of axenic culture methods for both bloodstream form (BSF) and procyclic form (PCF) of African trypanosomes (Hirumi and Hirumi 1989; Hirumi and Hirumi 1991) has contributed to further investigation of African trypanosomes. However, this invention has given rise to a question of whether biological characteristics of
摘要本研究假设非洲锥虫体内可能存在适应宿主环境的特异性基因，采用抑制减法杂交(suppression subtractive hybridization, SSH)技术寻找在宿主体内高表达的基因。我们对体内SSH文库中的328个克隆和体外SSH文库中的160个克隆进行了分析，以确定它们的表达水平，但上述基因均未出现差异表达。这表明在体内和体外繁殖的锥虫均不存在基因差异表达。另外，由于非洲锥虫的多顺反子基因表达，使用这种方法检测特异性表达基因可能存在局限性。关键词:微分表达式;感染;非洲锥虫血流型(BSF)和顺环型(PCF)的无菌培养方法的发展(Hirumi and Hirumi 1989;Hirumi和Hirumi(1991)对非洲锥虫的进一步研究做出了贡献。然而，本发明引起了是否生物特性的问题
{"title":"Transcriptional analyses of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense from infected mice and in vitro culture","authors":"Noritaka Kuboki, Michael K. Kibe, O. Thekisoe, C. Sugimoto, N. Inoue","doi":"10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_25","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With the hypothesis that African trypanosomes could have in vivo specific genes for adaptation to host’s environment, the present study was conducted by using suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique to seek the highly expressed genes especially in host. A total of 328 clones from the in vivo SSH library and that of 160 clones from the in vitro SSH library were analyzed in order to determine their expression levels, but none of the above-mentioned genes showed differential expression. This indicates that no trypanosome genes could be differentially expressed either the in vivo or in vitro propagated trypanosomes. Alternatively, there might be limitation for detecting specifically expressed genes in African trypanosomes using this method, because of their polycistronic gene expression. Key Words : differential expression; infection; Trypanosoma brucei The development of axenic culture methods for both bloodstream form (BSF) and procyclic form (PCF) of African trypanosomes (Hirumi and Hirumi 1989; Hirumi and Hirumi 1991) has contributed to further investigation of African trypanosomes. However, this invention has given rise to a question of whether biological characteristics of","PeriodicalId":22861,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of protozoology research","volume":"258 1","pages":"25-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76297975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-01DOI: 10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_1
Keisuke Yamamoto, Y. Takada, A. Kida, T. Akematsu, H. Kotsuki*, T. Matsuoka
In the absence of O2, the step-up photophobic response of Blepharisma japonicum is suppressed. To evaluate the possibility that reactivated oxygen species (ROS) produced by blepharismin photosensitization are involved in the primary transduction for the step-up photophobic response of B. japonicum, the effects of OH radical scavengers and the singlet oxygen quencher on the photophobic response were examined. The reagents used in the present assays hardly suppressed the step-up photophobic response, even though OH radical scavengers were rescued from the photodynamic killing of the cells. Alternatively, in the presence of an electron acceptor, the latency of the step-up photophobic response was prolonged. In addition, oxyblepharismin fluorescence was quenched slightly in the presence of free amino acids. These results support a hypothesis proposed by Lenci's research group, that electron transfer from the first excited singlet state of blepharismin (or oxyblepharismin) to associated proteins may be involved in the primary phototransduction for the step-up photophobic response.
{"title":"Effects of scavengers for active oxygen species on photoresponse and photodynamic damages to a pigmented protozoan, Blepharisma","authors":"Keisuke Yamamoto, Y. Takada, A. Kida, T. Akematsu, H. Kotsuki*, T. Matsuoka","doi":"10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_1","url":null,"abstract":"In the absence of O2, the step-up photophobic response of Blepharisma japonicum is suppressed. To evaluate the possibility that reactivated oxygen species (ROS) produced by blepharismin photosensitization are involved in the primary transduction for the step-up photophobic response of B. japonicum, the effects of OH radical scavengers and the singlet oxygen quencher on the photophobic response were examined. The reagents used in the present assays hardly suppressed the step-up photophobic response, even though OH radical scavengers were rescued from the photodynamic killing of the cells. Alternatively, in the presence of an electron acceptor, the latency of the step-up photophobic response was prolonged. In addition, oxyblepharismin fluorescence was quenched slightly in the presence of free amino acids. These results support a hypothesis proposed by Lenci's research group, that electron transfer from the first excited singlet state of blepharismin (or oxyblepharismin) to associated proteins may be involved in the primary phototransduction for the step-up photophobic response.","PeriodicalId":22861,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of protozoology research","volume":"106 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85540918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-01DOI: 10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_16
Yun-Sik Lee, I. Chung, W. Choi, Yoo-Jung Cho, J. Chu, B. Min, E. Shin
Meliae cortex (Melia azedarach Linne. var. japonica Makino, M. toosendan Siebold & Zucc) is one of the herbs used in oriental medicine for the treatment of various types of vaginitis. The present study was performed to examine the effects of Meliae cortex extracts on the growth and fine structure of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis). Meliae cortex dose-dependently reduced the viability of T. vaginalis. In the electron microscopy study, we also observed the ultrastructural changes of T. vaginalis following the treatment with Meliae cortex. One to two hours after the addition of the extract of Meliae cortex, the movement of flagella and axostyle decreased, but the cell death did not occur. The fine structure of the cytoplasm was changed 30 min to 2 hour after the treatment of the extract of Meliae cortex. The number of polyribosome decreased, whereas the number of single ribosomes in the cytoplasm increased. These results indicate that Meliae cortex has the antiprotozoal effects on T. vaginalis cells through the inhibition of cell multiplication as well as the impairment of protein synthesis.
{"title":"Inhibitory effects of Melia azedarach L. extracts on the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis : Ultrastructural changes of Trichomonas vaginalis treated by Melia azedarach L","authors":"Yun-Sik Lee, I. Chung, W. Choi, Yoo-Jung Cho, J. Chu, B. Min, E. Shin","doi":"10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32268/JPROTOZOOLRES.17.1_16","url":null,"abstract":"Meliae cortex (Melia azedarach Linne. var. japonica Makino, M. toosendan Siebold & Zucc) is one of the herbs used in oriental medicine for the treatment of various types of vaginitis. The present study was performed to examine the effects of Meliae cortex extracts on the growth and fine structure of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis). Meliae cortex dose-dependently reduced the viability of T. vaginalis. In the electron microscopy study, we also observed the ultrastructural changes of T. vaginalis following the treatment with Meliae cortex. One to two hours after the addition of the extract of Meliae cortex, the movement of flagella and axostyle decreased, but the cell death did not occur. The fine structure of the cytoplasm was changed 30 min to 2 hour after the treatment of the extract of Meliae cortex. The number of polyribosome decreased, whereas the number of single ribosomes in the cytoplasm increased. These results indicate that Meliae cortex has the antiprotozoal effects on T. vaginalis cells through the inhibition of cell multiplication as well as the impairment of protein synthesis.","PeriodicalId":22861,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of protozoology research","volume":"26 1","pages":"16-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85017447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-08-01DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5769(98)81129-X
Y. Maeno, H. Furukawa, Y. Kusuhara, T. Nisikawa, K. Nagase, Madoka Ito, T. Nakabayashi
{"title":"Evaluation of Alcian Blue 8GS and Pyronin B Stain for Rapid Wet Mount Preparation of SAF Preserved Specimen Containing Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia intestinalis","authors":"Y. Maeno, H. Furukawa, Y. Kusuhara, T. Nisikawa, K. Nagase, Madoka Ito, T. Nakabayashi","doi":"10.1016/S1383-5769(98)81129-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5769(98)81129-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22861,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of protozoology research","volume":"3 1","pages":"17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90272501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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