Pub Date : 2018-10-09DOI: 10.1201/9781351228527-10
{"title":"Nuclear medicine.","authors":"","doi":"10.1201/9781351228527-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351228527-10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":"212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90549538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-08DOI: 10.1201/9781315377971-13
D. Kahn
{"title":"Panic disorder.","authors":"D. Kahn","doi":"10.1201/9781315377971-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315377971-13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"517-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73451770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel E. Wilson, MD, Section Editor The Council on Scientific Affairs of the California Medical Association presents the following epitomes ofprogress in general surgery. Each item, in the judgment of a panel of knowledgeable physicians, has recently become reasonably firmly established, as to both scientific fact and important clinical significance. The items are presented in simple epitome, and an authoritative reference, both to the item itselfand to the subject as a whole, is generally givenfor those who may be unfamiliar with a particular item. The purpose is to assist busy practitioners, students, researchers, and scholars to stay abreast of these items ofprogress in general surgery that have recently achieved a substantial degree of authoritative acceptance, whether in their own field of special interest or another. The items ofprogress listed below were selected by the Advisory Panel to the Section on General Surgery of the California Medical Association, and the summaries were prepared under the direction ofDr Wilson and the Panel.
Samuel E. Wilson，医学博士，章节编辑加州医学协会科学事务委员会介绍了以下普外科进展的缩影。在一组知识渊博的医生的判断中，每一项最近都变得相当牢固，既具有科学事实，又具有重要的临床意义。这些项目以简单的概括形式呈现，对于项目本身和整个主题，通常会为那些可能不熟悉特定项目的人提供权威参考。目的是帮助忙碌的从业者、学生、研究人员和学者及时了解最近在他们自己的特殊兴趣领域或其他领域取得了相当程度的权威接受的普外科进展项目。下面列出的进展项目是由加州医学会普通外科科的咨询小组选定的，摘要是在Wilson博士和小组的指导下编写的。
{"title":"General surgery.","authors":"S. Wilson","doi":"10.1089/lms.1986.4.2.6a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/lms.1986.4.2.6a","url":null,"abstract":"Samuel E. Wilson, MD, Section Editor The Council on Scientific Affairs of the California Medical Association presents the following epitomes ofprogress in general surgery. Each item, in the judgment of a panel of knowledgeable physicians, has recently become reasonably firmly established, as to both scientific fact and important clinical significance. The items are presented in simple epitome, and an authoritative reference, both to the item itselfand to the subject as a whole, is generally givenfor those who may be unfamiliar with a particular item. The purpose is to assist busy practitioners, students, researchers, and scholars to stay abreast of these items ofprogress in general surgery that have recently achieved a substantial degree of authoritative acceptance, whether in their own field of special interest or another. The items ofprogress listed below were selected by the Advisory Panel to the Section on General Surgery of the California Medical Association, and the summaries were prepared under the direction ofDr Wilson and the Panel.","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73825336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-23DOI: 10.1017/9781139248877.026
J. Donoghue
Physical wellness is an often tricky concept, and the wellness dimension to most likely be confused as a one size fits all approach when considering what physical health, activity levels, and even body type and size mean to each individual. Generally speaking, physical wellness involves maintaining a healthy quality of life that allows us to get through our daily activities without undue fatigue or physical stress. Physical wellness is not only the absence of illness, but also living a thriving, active life whatever that activity level is for each person. Adopting healthful habits (i.e., routine medical exams, immunizations, a balanced diet, daily exercise of some type, sufficient rest and managing stress, etc.) while avoiding or minimizing higher risk choices and behaviors (i.e. tobacco, drugs, alcohol, etc.) are also included in this dimension.
{"title":"Physical.","authors":"J. Donoghue","doi":"10.1017/9781139248877.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139248877.026","url":null,"abstract":"Physical wellness is an often tricky concept, and the wellness dimension to most likely be confused as a one size fits all approach when considering what physical health, activity levels, and even body type and size mean to each individual. Generally speaking, physical wellness involves maintaining a healthy quality of life that allows us to get through our daily activities without undue fatigue or physical stress. Physical wellness is not only the absence of illness, but also living a thriving, active life whatever that activity level is for each person. Adopting healthful habits (i.e., routine medical exams, immunizations, a balanced diet, daily exercise of some type, sufficient rest and managing stress, etc.) while avoiding or minimizing higher risk choices and behaviors (i.e. tobacco, drugs, alcohol, etc.) are also included in this dimension.","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"72 1","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84173737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-17DOI: 10.1542/9781610021128-hemolytic
C. Brasher, R. Siegler
Our experience with 61 episodes of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome in 60 patients showed a mean patient age of 3 years and a higher incidence of the disease during the summer months. Diarrhea, often bloody, preceded the other features of the illness in 93 percent of the cases. Hemolytic anemia, hematuria and proteinuria occurred in all of the patients. Thrombocytopenia and severe azotemia (blood urea nitrogen greater than 100 mg per dl) occurred in 74 percent and 72 percent of the children, respectively. Blood transfusions were necessary in 64 percent and dialysis was required in 54 percent of the cases. Mortality was low (5 percent) and 85 percent of the children had a complete recovery.
{"title":"The hemolytic-uremic syndrome.","authors":"C. Brasher, R. Siegler","doi":"10.1542/9781610021128-hemolytic","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/9781610021128-hemolytic","url":null,"abstract":"Our experience with 61 episodes of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome in 60 patients showed a mean patient age of 3 years and a higher incidence of the disease during the summer months. Diarrhea, often bloody, preceded the other features of the illness in 93 percent of the cases. Hemolytic anemia, hematuria and proteinuria occurred in all of the patients. Thrombocytopenia and severe azotemia (blood urea nitrogen greater than 100 mg per dl) occurred in 74 percent and 72 percent of the children, respectively. Blood transfusions were necessary in 64 percent and dialysis was required in 54 percent of the cases. Mortality was low (5 percent) and 85 percent of the children had a complete recovery.","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"100 1","pages":"193-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75663071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-30DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-43341-7_28
T. Bice, S. Carson
{"title":"Prolonged mechanical ventilation.","authors":"T. Bice, S. Carson","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-43341-7_28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43341-7_28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87418255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-24DOI: 10.4337/9781784715540.00016
M. Keller, F. Block
{"title":"Do as I say, or as I do.","authors":"M. Keller, F. Block","doi":"10.4337/9781784715540.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781784715540.00016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78725730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heparin is an effective anti-coagulant for the prevention of venous thromboembolism and for the treatment of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (Girolami et al., 2003; Hirsh et al., 2004; Shantsila et al., 2009). It is often used for patients with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction, and for patients who have undergone vascular surgery (Battistelli et al., 2010). The administration of heparin frequently induces a reduction in platelet counts. This phenomenon is called heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and be classified as either type I or II. To avoid confusion between the syndromes, “HIT type I” has been changed to “non-immune heparin associated thrombocytopenia”, and ‘‘HIT type II’’ is simply called ‘‘HIT’’.
肝素是一种有效的抗凝剂，可预防静脉血栓栓塞，治疗静脉血栓和肺栓塞(Girolami等，2003;Hirsh et al.， 2004;Shantsila et al.， 2009)。常用于不稳定型心绞痛和急性心肌梗死患者，以及血管手术患者(Battistelli et al.， 2010)。肝素的施用经常引起血小板计数的减少。这种现象被称为肝素诱导的血小板减少症(HIT)，分为I型和II型。为避免两种综合征之间的混淆，“HIT I型”已改为“非免疫性肝素相关性血小板减少症”，“HIT II型”简称为“HIT”。
{"title":"Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.","authors":"Kazuo Nakamura","doi":"10.5772/25401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/25401","url":null,"abstract":"Heparin is an effective anti-coagulant for the prevention of venous thromboembolism and for the treatment of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (Girolami et al., 2003; Hirsh et al., 2004; Shantsila et al., 2009). It is often used for patients with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction, and for patients who have undergone vascular surgery (Battistelli et al., 2010). The administration of heparin frequently induces a reduction in platelet counts. This phenomenon is called heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and be classified as either type I or II. To avoid confusion between the syndromes, “HIT type I” has been changed to “non-immune heparin associated thrombocytopenia”, and ‘‘HIT type II’’ is simply called ‘‘HIT’’.","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"414 1","pages":"80-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74126020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sections in this article are: 1 Brief Historical Notes 2 Initial Findings 3 Isolation and Chemical Characterization 3.1 Structure of Low-Molecular-Weight ANF Peptides 3.2 Isolation of High-Molecular-Weight Forms 3.3 Nomenclature 4 Biosynthesis and Localization of ANF 4.1 Structures of the ANF Precursor, Messenger RNA, and Gene 4.2 Regulation of Gene Expression in Atrium 4.3 Biosynthetic Processing in Atrium 4.4 Gene Expression and Biosynthesis in Extraatrial Tissues 4.5 Homology with Other Proteins 5 Control of ANF Release 5.1 Atrial Distention 5.2 Atrial Contraction Frequency 5.3 Autonomic Influences on ANF Release 5.4 Other Vasoactive Agents 5.5 Other Factors 6 Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism 6.1 Pharmacokinetic Parameters 6.2 Sites of ANF Extraction 6.3 Metabolites of ANF 6.4 Clearance Pathways 7 ANF Receptors and Second Messengers 7.1 Biochemical Characteristics of ANF Receptors 7.2 Second Messengers of ANF Receptors 7.3 The Clearance Function of C-ANF Receptors 8 Functional Effects of ANF 8.1 Renal Actions 8.2 Effects on the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System 8.3 Effects on Other Steroid Pathways 8.4 Effects on the Cardiovascular System 8.5 Central Nervous System Actions 9 Physiological Role of ANF 10 ANF in Pathological Conditions 10.1 Edematous Disorders 10.2 Renal Failure 10.3 Hypertensive Disorders 10.4 Preeclampsia 10.5 Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) 10.6 Bartter's Syndrome 10.7 Other Disorders 11 Conclusions
{"title":"Atrial natriuretic factor.","authors":"S. Atlas, T. Maack","doi":"10.1002/cphy.cp080233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.cp080233","url":null,"abstract":"The sections in this article are: 1 Brief Historical Notes 2 Initial Findings 3 Isolation and Chemical Characterization 3.1 Structure of Low-Molecular-Weight ANF Peptides 3.2 Isolation of High-Molecular-Weight Forms 3.3 Nomenclature 4 Biosynthesis and Localization of ANF 4.1 Structures of the ANF Precursor, Messenger RNA, and Gene 4.2 Regulation of Gene Expression in Atrium 4.3 Biosynthetic Processing in Atrium 4.4 Gene Expression and Biosynthesis in Extraatrial Tissues 4.5 Homology with Other Proteins 5 Control of ANF Release 5.1 Atrial Distention 5.2 Atrial Contraction Frequency 5.3 Autonomic Influences on ANF Release 5.4 Other Vasoactive Agents 5.5 Other Factors 6 Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism 6.1 Pharmacokinetic Parameters 6.2 Sites of ANF Extraction 6.3 Metabolites of ANF 6.4 Clearance Pathways 7 ANF Receptors and Second Messengers 7.1 Biochemical Characteristics of ANF Receptors 7.2 Second Messengers of ANF Receptors 7.3 The Clearance Function of C-ANF Receptors 8 Functional Effects of ANF 8.1 Renal Actions 8.2 Effects on the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System 8.3 Effects on Other Steroid Pathways 8.4 Effects on the Cardiovascular System 8.5 Central Nervous System Actions 9 Physiological Role of ANF 10 ANF in Pathological Conditions 10.1 Edematous Disorders 10.2 Renal Failure 10.3 Hypertensive Disorders 10.4 Preeclampsia 10.5 Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) 10.6 Bartter's Syndrome 10.7 Other Disorders 11 Conclusions","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"1577-1673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78936516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-05DOI: 10.1001/jama.1920.02620030053036
H. Mock
{"title":"Industrial medicine and surgery.","authors":"H. Mock","doi":"10.1001/jama.1920.02620030053036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1920.02620030053036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22925,"journal":{"name":"The Western journal of medicine","volume":"312 1","pages":"485"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76892758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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