Pub Date : 2018-06-27DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72976
N. Mohammed, Robabeh Bashiri, S. Sufian, Chong FaiKait, Saeed Majidai
One-dimensional (1D) TiO 2 nanostructures (e.g., nanotubes, nanobelts, nanowires, and nanorods) have been considered to be very attractive candidates for various applications including photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, photocatalytic CO 2 reduction into energy fuels, water splitting, solar cells, supercapacitors, and lithium-ion batteries. More importantly, the dimensionality associated with zero-dimensional TiO 2 nanostructures gives unique physical properties, including a high aspect ratio structure, chemical sta -bility, excellent electronic or ionic charge transfer, and a specific interface effect. This chapter elaborates on crystal structure and properties, preparation techniques, strate gies for improving photocatalytic activity of 1D-TiO 2 nanostructure and its applications. Amongst all preparation techniques, the influence of experimental parameters on mor phologies of 1D-TiO 2 nanostructure using hydro/solvothermal method is extensively explained. Furthermore, some critical engineering strategies to enhance the properties of 1D-TiO 2 nanostructures like increasing the surface area, extending the light absorption, and efficient separation of electrons/holes that advantage their potential applications are described. Moreover, a brief summary of their environmental and energy applications is provided. on the development of sustainable environmental remediation and energy tech nologies based the photocatalytic process by driving solar light as renewable source of energy.
{"title":"One-Dimensional Titanium Dioxide and Its Application for Photovoltaic Devices","authors":"N. Mohammed, Robabeh Bashiri, S. Sufian, Chong FaiKait, Saeed Majidai","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72976","url":null,"abstract":"One-dimensional (1D) TiO 2 nanostructures (e.g., nanotubes, nanobelts, nanowires, and nanorods) have been considered to be very attractive candidates for various applications including photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, photocatalytic CO 2 reduction into energy fuels, water splitting, solar cells, supercapacitors, and lithium-ion batteries. More importantly, the dimensionality associated with zero-dimensional TiO 2 nanostructures gives unique physical properties, including a high aspect ratio structure, chemical sta -bility, excellent electronic or ionic charge transfer, and a specific interface effect. This chapter elaborates on crystal structure and properties, preparation techniques, strate gies for improving photocatalytic activity of 1D-TiO 2 nanostructure and its applications. Amongst all preparation techniques, the influence of experimental parameters on mor phologies of 1D-TiO 2 nanostructure using hydro/solvothermal method is extensively explained. Furthermore, some critical engineering strategies to enhance the properties of 1D-TiO 2 nanostructures like increasing the surface area, extending the light absorption, and efficient separation of electrons/holes that advantage their potential applications are described. Moreover, a brief summary of their environmental and energy applications is provided. on the development of sustainable environmental remediation and energy tech nologies based the photocatalytic process by driving solar light as renewable source of energy.","PeriodicalId":23104,"journal":{"name":"Titanium Dioxide - Material for a Sustainable Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87281454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-27DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73116
Yang-Yao Lee
A novel 2D nanomaterial, high aspect ratio TiO 2 nanoflakes were synthesized by a one- step method. Surface morphology and physical dimensions were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Laser Diffraction technology, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Micro-sized flakes having a thickness approximately 40 nm were successfully synthesized by spreading a mixture of titanium alkoxide and hydro- carbon on the water surface. Relatively higher specific surface area (2–6 times) and less crystal defects enhanced photocatalytic activities of nanoflakes due to more surface reac- tion sites. By performing dye degradation under ultraviolet (UV) illumination, titania nanoflakes exhibited the higher photocatalytic efficiency over the commercial photocata- lyst, Degussa P25. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to continuously synthesize low-dimensional nanomaterials in an efficient and cost effective manner. In practical water purification, traditional separation processes such as sedimentation or filtration could be utilized to easily extract the titania flakes from the treated water. Other applications such as anode material for lithium ion batteries and conducting paste in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) were also investigated. The cycling performance of Li-ion battery and energy conversion efficiency of DSSC were significantly improved. using P25 nanoparticles as photocatalysts under the same process condition. (2) Calcined nanoflakes exhibit larger reversible charge/discharge capacity, better rate capability and excellent cycling stability. (3) 7.4% of photon energy conversion efficiency of calcined flakes based DSSC which was 5 times improvement compared to P25 based cell was accomplished.
{"title":"Novel Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial: High Aspect Ratio Titania Nanoflakes","authors":"Yang-Yao Lee","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73116","url":null,"abstract":"A novel 2D nanomaterial, high aspect ratio TiO 2 nanoflakes were synthesized by a one- step method. Surface morphology and physical dimensions were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Laser Diffraction technology, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Micro-sized flakes having a thickness approximately 40 nm were successfully synthesized by spreading a mixture of titanium alkoxide and hydro- carbon on the water surface. Relatively higher specific surface area (2–6 times) and less crystal defects enhanced photocatalytic activities of nanoflakes due to more surface reac- tion sites. By performing dye degradation under ultraviolet (UV) illumination, titania nanoflakes exhibited the higher photocatalytic efficiency over the commercial photocata- lyst, Degussa P25. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to continuously synthesize low-dimensional nanomaterials in an efficient and cost effective manner. In practical water purification, traditional separation processes such as sedimentation or filtration could be utilized to easily extract the titania flakes from the treated water. Other applications such as anode material for lithium ion batteries and conducting paste in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) were also investigated. The cycling performance of Li-ion battery and energy conversion efficiency of DSSC were significantly improved. using P25 nanoparticles as photocatalysts under the same process condition. (2) Calcined nanoflakes exhibit larger reversible charge/discharge capacity, better rate capability and excellent cycling stability. (3) 7.4% of photon energy conversion efficiency of calcined flakes based DSSC which was 5 times improvement compared to P25 based cell was accomplished.","PeriodicalId":23104,"journal":{"name":"Titanium Dioxide - Material for a Sustainable Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78674760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-27DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73059
Jianmin Yu, C. Nguyen, Hyoyoung Lee
Titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is regarded as a semiconductor photocatalyst, has drawn attention in the applications of photocatalysis, including hydrogen evolution reaction, carbon dioxide reduction, pollutant degradation, and biocatalytic or dye-sensitized solar cells due to its low toxicity, superior photocatalytic activity, and good chemical stability. However, there are still some disadvantages such as too large energy bandgap (~3.34 eV and ~3.01 eV for anatase and rutile phases, respectively) in the absorbance of all ranges of lights, which limits the photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2. Herein, we like to introduce photocatalytic blue TiO2 that is obtained by the reduction of TiO2. The blue TiO2 consists of Ti3+ state with high oxygen defect density that can absorb the visible and infrared as well as ultraviolet light due to its low energy bandgap, leading to enhance a photocatalytic activity. This chapter covers the structure and properties of blue TiO2, its possible applications in visible-light-driven photocatalysis, and mainly various synthetic methods even including phase-selective room-temperature solution process under atmospheric pressure.
{"title":"Preparation of Blue TiO2 for Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysis","authors":"Jianmin Yu, C. Nguyen, Hyoyoung Lee","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.73059","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is regarded as a semiconductor photocatalyst, has drawn attention in the applications of photocatalysis, including hydrogen evolution reaction, carbon dioxide reduction, pollutant degradation, and biocatalytic or dye-sensitized solar cells due to its low toxicity, superior photocatalytic activity, and good chemical stability. However, there are still some disadvantages such as too large energy bandgap (~3.34 eV and ~3.01 eV for anatase and rutile phases, respectively) in the absorbance of all ranges of lights, which limits the photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2. Herein, we like to introduce photocatalytic blue TiO2 that is obtained by the reduction of TiO2. The blue TiO2 consists of Ti3+ state with high oxygen defect density that can absorb the visible and infrared as well as ultraviolet light due to its low energy bandgap, leading to enhance a photocatalytic activity. This chapter covers the structure and properties of blue TiO2, its possible applications in visible-light-driven photocatalysis, and mainly various synthetic methods even including phase-selective room-temperature solution process under atmospheric pressure.","PeriodicalId":23104,"journal":{"name":"Titanium Dioxide - Material for a Sustainable Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78012861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-27DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74565
Hammad Cheema, K. Joya
During the last two and half decade modifying anatase TiO 2 has appreciably enhanced our understanding and application of this semiconducting, non-toxic material. In the domain of DSCs, the main focus has been to achieve band adjustment to facilitate electron injection from anchored dyes, and high electronic mobility for photo-generated electron collection. In retrospection, there is a dire need to assimilate and summarize the findings of these studies to further catalyze the research, better understanding and comparison of the structure – property relationships in modifying TiO 2 efficiently for crucial photo- catalytic, electrochemical and nanostructured applications. This chapter aims at categoriz-ing the typical approaches used to modify TiO 2 in the domain of DSCs such as through TiO 2 paste additives, TiO 2 doping, metal oxides inclusion, dye solution co-adsorbing additives, post staining surface treatment additives and electrolyte additives. A summary of the consequences of these modifications on electron injection, charge extraction, elec- tronic mobility, conduction band shift and surface states has been presented. This chapter is expected to hugely benefit the researchers employing TiO 2 in energy, catalysis and battery applications.
{"title":"Titanium Dioxide Modifications for Energy Conversion: Learnings from Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells","authors":"Hammad Cheema, K. Joya","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74565","url":null,"abstract":"During the last two and half decade modifying anatase TiO 2 has appreciably enhanced our understanding and application of this semiconducting, non-toxic material. In the domain of DSCs, the main focus has been to achieve band adjustment to facilitate electron injection from anchored dyes, and high electronic mobility for photo-generated electron collection. In retrospection, there is a dire need to assimilate and summarize the findings of these studies to further catalyze the research, better understanding and comparison of the structure – property relationships in modifying TiO 2 efficiently for crucial photo- catalytic, electrochemical and nanostructured applications. This chapter aims at categoriz-ing the typical approaches used to modify TiO 2 in the domain of DSCs such as through TiO 2 paste additives, TiO 2 doping, metal oxides inclusion, dye solution co-adsorbing additives, post staining surface treatment additives and electrolyte additives. A summary of the consequences of these modifications on electron injection, charge extraction, elec- tronic mobility, conduction band shift and surface states has been presented. This chapter is expected to hugely benefit the researchers employing TiO 2 in energy, catalysis and battery applications.","PeriodicalId":23104,"journal":{"name":"Titanium Dioxide - Material for a Sustainable Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88130376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-27DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74555
I. Kartini, I. Y. Khairani, Chotimah, K. Triyana, S. Wahyuni
Synthesis routes to nanostructured titanium dioxides (spherical nanoparticles, nanotubes, mesostructure) have been studied. Their potential applications in various fields based on coating technology have been explored, i.e., dye-sensitized solar cells (using ruthenium sensitizer and some results of natural dyes), photocatalysts for self-cleaning films (TiO 2 on textiles), antibacterial coating for multifunctional textiles (TiO 2 -SiO 2 on cotton), and recent result on antifouling coating on wood. The synthesis/preparation procedures were developed to obtain green protocols based on combined techniques of hydroor solvo-thermal (templated, seeded, deposition), sol–gel (templated, room temperature, dip coating), and solvent-casting techniques. Discussion on the properties and synthesis mechanism is presented. It will be shown that sonication has important role to shorten the preparation of nanotube titania and has been proposed as one green synthesis route. The changing of morphology of titanium dioxide has presented unexpected results to the shifting of photoactivity into visible irradiation.
{"title":"Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide for Functional Coatings","authors":"I. Kartini, I. Y. Khairani, Chotimah, K. Triyana, S. Wahyuni","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74555","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis routes to nanostructured titanium dioxides (spherical nanoparticles, nanotubes, mesostructure) have been studied. Their potential applications in various fields based on coating technology have been explored, i.e., dye-sensitized solar cells (using ruthenium sensitizer and some results of natural dyes), photocatalysts for self-cleaning films (TiO 2 on textiles), antibacterial coating for multifunctional textiles (TiO 2 -SiO 2 on cotton), and recent result on antifouling coating on wood. The synthesis/preparation procedures were developed to obtain green protocols based on combined techniques of hydroor solvo-thermal (templated, seeded, deposition), sol–gel (templated, room temperature, dip coating), and solvent-casting techniques. Discussion on the properties and synthesis mechanism is presented. It will be shown that sonication has important role to shorten the preparation of nanotube titania and has been proposed as one green synthesis route. The changing of morphology of titanium dioxide has presented unexpected results to the shifting of photoactivity into visible irradiation.","PeriodicalId":23104,"journal":{"name":"Titanium Dioxide - Material for a Sustainable Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86863558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-27DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72945
N. Veronovski
For the end use, the structure and morphology of the coated film are very important since they determine the final properties of the resultant material. The effect of coatings largely depends on their composition and method of application, which may give porous or dense coatings. To achieve uniform coatings on dispersed TiO2 particles, various compounds were deposited one after another under specific conditions by the wet chemical deposition method starting from rutile TiO2, produced by the sulfate method in Cinkarna Celje. With the synthesis of composite particles consisting of a core TiO2 particle coated with a functional shell with dimensions in the nano scale, we prepared advanced materials, where the shell protects the particles from undesirable interactions with the environment and improves surface reactive properties of the dispersed particles to meet special requirements. The morphology of surface-treated TiO2 particles has been identified directly using electron microscopy, while the degree of functionalization by various hydroxides was determined using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF). In addition, zeta potential (ZP) measurements have been utilized to determine the electrochemical properties of resultant particles. The precipitation of hydroxides on the TiO2 surface resulted in the shift of the isoelectric point (IEP). UV-Vis spectroscopy has been used for determining light scattering efficiency. In addition to internal characterization, light fastness of durable grade intended for the application in laminates has been tested by the end user.
{"title":"TiO2 Applications as a Function of Controlled Surface Treatment","authors":"N. Veronovski","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72945","url":null,"abstract":"For the end use, the structure and morphology of the coated film are very important since they determine the final properties of the resultant material. The effect of coatings largely depends on their composition and method of application, which may give porous or dense coatings. To achieve uniform coatings on dispersed TiO2 particles, various compounds were deposited one after another under specific conditions by the wet chemical deposition method starting from rutile TiO2, produced by the sulfate method in Cinkarna Celje. With the synthesis of composite particles consisting of a core TiO2 particle coated with a functional shell with dimensions in the nano scale, we prepared advanced materials, where the shell protects the particles from undesirable interactions with the environment and improves surface reactive properties of the dispersed particles to meet special requirements. The morphology of surface-treated TiO2 particles has been identified directly using electron microscopy, while the degree of functionalization by various hydroxides was determined using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF). In addition, zeta potential (ZP) measurements have been utilized to determine the electrochemical properties of resultant particles. The precipitation of hydroxides on the TiO2 surface resulted in the shift of the isoelectric point (IEP). UV-Vis spectroscopy has been used for determining light scattering efficiency. In addition to internal characterization, light fastness of durable grade intended for the application in laminates has been tested by the end user.","PeriodicalId":23104,"journal":{"name":"Titanium Dioxide - Material for a Sustainable Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86048193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-04DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75528
R. T. Bento, M. F. Pillis
The aim of this work was to characterize and evaluate the influence of the thickness on the photocatalytic efficiency of titanium dioxide thin films on the degradation of methyl orange dye under UV light irradiation. The films of 280 and 468 nm thick were deposited on borosilicate substrates at 400°C by the MOCVD technique using titanium isoprox ide IV as precursor. XRD analyses showed the formation of anatase-TiO 2 phase. Cross- sectional FE-SEM images show that the films presented a dense columnar structure and grown perpendicularly to the substrate surface. The photocatalytic activity of the catalysts was studied using UV-vis spectrophotometry The TiO 2 film with 468 nm of thickness presented higher photocatalytic activity exhibiting 69% of dye degradation. The increase of grain size and thickness of the films promoted an improvement of pho tocatalytic efficiency.
{"title":"Titanium Dioxide Films for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange Dye","authors":"R. T. Bento, M. F. Pillis","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75528","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to characterize and evaluate the influence of the thickness on the photocatalytic efficiency of titanium dioxide thin films on the degradation of methyl orange dye under UV light irradiation. The films of 280 and 468 nm thick were deposited on borosilicate substrates at 400°C by the MOCVD technique using titanium isoprox ide IV as precursor. XRD analyses showed the formation of anatase-TiO 2 phase. Cross- sectional FE-SEM images show that the films presented a dense columnar structure and grown perpendicularly to the substrate surface. The photocatalytic activity of the catalysts was studied using UV-vis spectrophotometry The TiO 2 film with 468 nm of thickness presented higher photocatalytic activity exhibiting 69% of dye degradation. The increase of grain size and thickness of the films promoted an improvement of pho tocatalytic efficiency.","PeriodicalId":23104,"journal":{"name":"Titanium Dioxide - Material for a Sustainable Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74831606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-31DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75918
E. Wahyuni, R. Roto
This chapter deals with preparation and characterization of silver nanoparticles incorporated in titania or TiO2-AgNP in short and its performance study as a visible light responsive photocatalyst for bacterial inactivation and dye degradation. The preparation of TiO2-AgNP performed by several methods including sol-gel, impregnation, precipitation, and photocatalytic deposition is described. Characterizations by XRD, XPS, FTIR, DRUV, and SEM/TEM machines to confirm the formation of the metallic silver nanoparticle, as well as the shape and size, and to follow the interaction between Ag atoms and other atoms in the crystal lattice of TiO2, are presented. Further, the antibacterial performance and dye degradation activity of TiO2-AgNP, both under UV and visible light, are described.
{"title":"Silver Nanoparticle Incorporated Titanium Oxide for Bacterial Inactivation and Dye Degradation","authors":"E. Wahyuni, R. Roto","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.75918","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter deals with preparation and characterization of silver nanoparticles incorporated in titania or TiO2-AgNP in short and its performance study as a visible light responsive photocatalyst for bacterial inactivation and dye degradation. The preparation of TiO2-AgNP performed by several methods including sol-gel, impregnation, precipitation, and photocatalytic deposition is described. Characterizations by XRD, XPS, FTIR, DRUV, and SEM/TEM machines to confirm the formation of the metallic silver nanoparticle, as well as the shape and size, and to follow the interaction between Ag atoms and other atoms in the crystal lattice of TiO2, are presented. Further, the antibacterial performance and dye degradation activity of TiO2-AgNP, both under UV and visible light, are described.","PeriodicalId":23104,"journal":{"name":"Titanium Dioxide - Material for a Sustainable Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80637013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-21DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74073
M. Mikhailov, V. Neshchimenko, S. A. Yuryev, A. Sokolovskiy
The titanium dioxide powders are widely used as a pigment for coatings and paints, the important characteristics of which are reflectivity and stability to irradiation. The results of investigations of the optical properties and radiation stability of titanium dioxide powders before and after high-temperature modification with nanopowders are presented in this chapter. The diffuse reflection spectra of various titanium dioxide powders in the UV, visible, and near-IR ranges, and their change during irradiation by electrons with 30 keVenergyand a different fluence in vacuum in situ were investigated: (1) TiO 2 powders with particle size in the range 60 – 240 nm; (2) Microsized TiO 2 powder (240 nm) modified by Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , ZnO, MgO nanoparticles with grain size from 30 up to 60 nm; (3) Microsized TiO 2 powder (260 nm) modified by SiO 2 with the grain size of 12 – 14 nm at the temperature of 150, 400, and 800 (cid:1) C. The reduction in reflectivity in entire spectrum with decrease in grain sizes of TiO 2 nanopowders was established. Nanopowder with the grain size of 80 nm possesses the highest stability to irradiation. It was shown that the average grain size and specific surface of introduced nanoparticles effect noticeably on the radiation stability increase of titanium dioxide powders modified with nanoparticles of various oxides. The micro-sized TiO 2 powder heating at temperature of 800 о С is the factor which positively influences on the radiation stability. studies of an effect of the anatase titanium dioxide powder modification by SiO 2 nanoparticles with large specific surface at the temperatures of 150, 400, and 800 (cid:1) C are presented.
{"title":"Investigation of Optical Properties and Radiation Stability of TiO2 Powders before and after Modification by Nanopowders of Various Oxides","authors":"M. Mikhailov, V. Neshchimenko, S. A. Yuryev, A. Sokolovskiy","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74073","url":null,"abstract":"The titanium dioxide powders are widely used as a pigment for coatings and paints, the important characteristics of which are reflectivity and stability to irradiation. The results of investigations of the optical properties and radiation stability of titanium dioxide powders before and after high-temperature modification with nanopowders are presented in this chapter. The diffuse reflection spectra of various titanium dioxide powders in the UV, visible, and near-IR ranges, and their change during irradiation by electrons with 30 keVenergyand a different fluence in vacuum in situ were investigated: (1) TiO 2 powders with particle size in the range 60 – 240 nm; (2) Microsized TiO 2 powder (240 nm) modified by Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , ZnO, MgO nanoparticles with grain size from 30 up to 60 nm; (3) Microsized TiO 2 powder (260 nm) modified by SiO 2 with the grain size of 12 – 14 nm at the temperature of 150, 400, and 800 (cid:1) C. The reduction in reflectivity in entire spectrum with decrease in grain sizes of TiO 2 nanopowders was established. Nanopowder with the grain size of 80 nm possesses the highest stability to irradiation. It was shown that the average grain size and specific surface of introduced nanoparticles effect noticeably on the radiation stability increase of titanium dioxide powders modified with nanoparticles of various oxides. The micro-sized TiO 2 powder heating at temperature of 800 о С is the factor which positively influences on the radiation stability. studies of an effect of the anatase titanium dioxide powder modification by SiO 2 nanoparticles with large specific surface at the temperatures of 150, 400, and 800 (cid:1) C are presented.","PeriodicalId":23104,"journal":{"name":"Titanium Dioxide - Material for a Sustainable Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85114145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-02DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74335
N. Mohallem, M. Viana, Magnum Augusto Moraes Lopes de Jesus, Gustavo Henrique de MagalhãesGomes, L. F. S. Lima, E. D. L. Alves
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films have innumerable applications, and the preparation of nanocomposites based on TiO2 favors the coupling of different structures that can lead to additional or enhanced properties. The aim of this chapter is to show the preparation and characterization of TiO2 thin films and some nanocomposites based on anatase-TiO2, prepared by sol-gel process using the dip-coating technique. TiO2 thin films were prepared by sol-gel process onto borosilicate glass, steel, magnet, and silicon substrates from alcoholic starting solutions containing titanium isopropoxide, isopropyl alcohol, and acids to the control of the velocity of gelation. The doped thin films, such as SiO2/TiO2, Ag/TiO2, and Nb/TiO2, were prepared adding the dopants in a form of salts or alkoxides in starting solution. The morphological, structural, and textural characterization of the films was made using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) detector, atomic force microscopy/nanoindentation, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Photoelectrical, mechanical, biological, optical, and surface properties were evaluated.
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