{"title":"Studies on Variation in Virulence of Rice Blast Fungus, Pyricularia oryzae Cavara III. Occurrence of Variants and Change of Race Constitution During Successive Passages of a Standard Isolate with a Wide Spectrum of Virulence on Rice Leaves","authors":"T. Namai, Y. Ehara","doi":"10.3186/JJPHYTOPATH.48.466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3186/JJPHYTOPATH.48.466","url":null,"abstract":"幅広い病原性スペクトラムを持ち,同時に病原性の異なる菌株を分出する性質を持つイネいもち病菌の1変異株(レース337)から2菌株を供試し,3種類の真性抵抗性遺伝子を一つずつ持つ6品種のイネ葉身上で連続的に9世代目まで継代接種することにより,変異株の出現及び優勢レースの変動について検討した。供試した2菌株を6品種のイネ上でそれぞれ継代接種した12組合せのうち4組合せで,9世代目までに優勢レースが変動した。特に,真性抵抗性遺伝子Pi-aを持つ愛知旭及びフジミノリの2品種上では,4組合せ中3組合せで,通常野外で同品種から最も高率に分離されるレース003が出現し,母菌のレース337に代って優勢レースとなった。また,Pi-i遺伝子を持つ石狩白毛葉身上では,レース047が優勢となった組合せがみられた。しかし,Pi-i遺伝子を持つ他の品種ふくゆき,更に,Pi-k遺伝子を持つ関東51号及びクサブエ葉身上では,いずれの場合も優勢レースの変動は認められず,母菌のレース337及び137が優勢を保持した。これらの結果から,本実験で優勢レースが変動した組合せでは,母菌のレース337が継代接種中に多くの変異株を分出し,その中の特にイネの抵抗性遺伝子に適応した変異株が他の菌株との競合に打ち勝ち,代って優勢となったものと推察された。","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"39 1","pages":"127-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80607300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies on the Sporulation of Rice Blast Fungus, Pyricularia oryzae Cavara. IV. Effect of Hyphal Age and Culture Media on Sporulation","authors":"T. Namai, S. Yamanaka","doi":"10.3186/JJPHYTOPATH.43.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3186/JJPHYTOPATH.43.175","url":null,"abstract":"イネいもち病菌の分生胞子形成現象を,分生子柄形成期と分生子の形成期の2つの段階に分け,それぞれの段階に及ぼす光の影響を検討した。1. 分生子柄形成期は,光に大きく依存し,光照射下では分生子柄が形成されるが,暗黒下では気中菌糸が生育した。2. 分生胞子の形成期も光依存性が高く,連続光照射下で分生胞子の形成が順調に進行した。しかし,光を中断すると,分生胞子の形成が抑制され,進行が遅延した。3. 光の中断により,分生子柄から気中菌糸への脱分化現象は認められず,暗黒下でも徐々に分生胞子の形成が行われるが,分生胞子の形成部位,分生胞子の形態等に異常が認められた。4. 光の中断による分生胞子形成の遅延時間は,最初の光照射時間が長い場合,すなわち,分生胞子形成の進行程度が進んでいる場合ほど短縮された。5. 光の中断による分生胞子形成の抑制現象は,再び光を照射することにより回復し,分生胞子の形成が進行した。6. 分生胞子形成は,6時間の間けつ光照射では,明期に進行し,暗期に抑制される反応様式を示し,明暗条件に制御されていたが,12時間の間けつ光照射では,暗期での抑制は明らかではなかった。","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"44 1","pages":"69-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1977-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91238612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies on the Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice Plant V. Effect of Phenylacetic Acid on Rice Leaves","authors":"Eiichiro Miyazaki, S. Yamanaka, T. Misawa","doi":"10.3186/JJPHYTOPATH.42.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3186/JJPHYTOPATH.42.21","url":null,"abstract":"イネ白葉枯病病斑組織の加水分解酵素(cellulase・invertase・xylanase・β-amylase・pectinase・lipase・lecithinase・phosphatase・protease)の活性化の有無とその至適pHを測定した。また病原細菌(Xanthomonas oryzae)の培地中での上記酵素類の生産について実験した。1) 病斑組織では,各酵素とも健全組織よりも活性が増大している。ただpolygalacturonaseは発病により活性の増大することはなかった。2) β-amylaseを除く他の酵素は,発病初期の方が活性が大である。ただcellulaseのみは,発病初期よりも発病8日後の方が活性が大であった。3) 病斑組織での酵素活性の増大は,病菌の生産する酵素に由来する所が大きい。4) 病斑組織のproteaseのpH-活性度曲線には,3つのpeakがあるが,pH 8.7の活性が顕著に増加した。5) Proteaseを部分精製し,各種金属塩のprotease活性に与える影響を見た。Mn\"・Co\"・Fe\"は,3種のproteaseすべての活性を促進した。Fe'\"は,pH 5.0-protease活性のみ促進した。Cu\"は,pH 10.5-proteaseのみを阻害したが,Hg\"は,すべてのproteaseを阻害した。6) 供試した7種の病菌菌株のpH 8.7-protease生産能と病原性の強弱との間に平行関係が認められた。","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89028351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1972-12-01DOI: 10.3186/JJPHYTOPATH.38.375
Eiichiro Miyazaki, S. Yamanaka, T. Misawa
Alteration of content of carbohydrates, nitrogenous and phosphorous compounds in rice plant leaves infected by Xanthomonas oryzae was investigated.1. In the inoculated leaves, contents of reducing and unreducing sugar slightly increased at the early stage of the infection. Moreover crude starch content increased, while total carbohydrate and hemicellulose-carbohydrate content decreased by the infection.2. High accumulation of free ammonia, low contents of water soluble protein and water insoluble protein-nitrogen were characteristic of the inoculated leaves. With the progress of the disease, total nitrogen content decreased gradually. According to the results of molecular weight classification of water soluble protein, the contents of high molecular weight protein, especially “fraction I protein”, decreased and low molecular weight protein increased by the infection.3. At the early stage of the infection, increases of acid soluble phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus contents were observed respectively. During the all experimental periods, there were high contents of total phosphorus and insoluble phosphorus in the inoculated leaves.
{"title":"Studies on the Leaf Blight of Rice Plant III. A Metabolite of the Pathogenic Bacteria","authors":"Eiichiro Miyazaki, S. Yamanaka, T. Misawa","doi":"10.3186/JJPHYTOPATH.38.375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3186/JJPHYTOPATH.38.375","url":null,"abstract":"Alteration of content of carbohydrates, nitrogenous and phosphorous compounds in rice plant leaves infected by Xanthomonas oryzae was investigated.1. In the inoculated leaves, contents of reducing and unreducing sugar slightly increased at the early stage of the infection. Moreover crude starch content increased, while total carbohydrate and hemicellulose-carbohydrate content decreased by the infection.2. High accumulation of free ammonia, low contents of water soluble protein and water insoluble protein-nitrogen were characteristic of the inoculated leaves. With the progress of the disease, total nitrogen content decreased gradually. According to the results of molecular weight classification of water soluble protein, the contents of high molecular weight protein, especially “fraction I protein”, decreased and low molecular weight protein increased by the infection.3. At the early stage of the infection, increases of acid soluble phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus contents were observed respectively. During the all experimental periods, there were high contents of total phosphorus and insoluble phosphorus in the inoculated leaves.","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"108 1","pages":"11-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79194820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using ten hens of white Leghorn 150 days after hatching, samplings were carried out from their oviducts at various stages of laying or non-laying hens, which were defined in the previous study (7). Histochemical observation of the mucosubstances in the luminal epithelia and gland cells in the lamina propria were performed.The infundibulum has been known as the chalaziferous gland. However, the present study revealed that the secretion materials from the luminal epithelium were sulfomucins (chondroitin sulfate C) and sialo- or hyaluromucins which constituted the chalaza in the lumen together with those from the magnum. PAS-positive mucins in the chalaza were the secretives from the basal cells of the magnum epithelium at stage 2 and 3, where egg was coated with albumen.PAS-positive granules of the luminal epithelium in the isthmus are thought to be a cementing substance in the formation of shell membrane. PAS-positive large granules from the isthmian glands appeared just prior to the egg transportation to the uterus (stage 5) and it served to construct the shell membrane. These large granules contained sulfomucin and sialo- or hyaluromucin, which may be necessary for calcium precipitating sites on the shell membrane.The basal and the ciliated cells of the uterine epithelia secreted two types of granules. The one contained sialomucin and the other protein richly. They were surmized to be components of the organic matrix in the shell.
{"title":"Studies on the Egg Shell Formation in the Fowl Oviduct I. The Calcium Mobilization at the Each Location of Egg in the Oviduct Segments of the Laying Hens","authors":"Yoshiteru Katzukura, H. Tamate","doi":"10.1267/AHC.6.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1267/AHC.6.89","url":null,"abstract":"Using ten hens of white Leghorn 150 days after hatching, samplings were carried out from their oviducts at various stages of laying or non-laying hens, which were defined in the previous study (7). Histochemical observation of the mucosubstances in the luminal epithelia and gland cells in the lamina propria were performed.The infundibulum has been known as the chalaziferous gland. However, the present study revealed that the secretion materials from the luminal epithelium were sulfomucins (chondroitin sulfate C) and sialo- or hyaluromucins which constituted the chalaza in the lumen together with those from the magnum. PAS-positive mucins in the chalaza were the secretives from the basal cells of the magnum epithelium at stage 2 and 3, where egg was coated with albumen.PAS-positive granules of the luminal epithelium in the isthmus are thought to be a cementing substance in the formation of shell membrane. PAS-positive large granules from the isthmian glands appeared just prior to the egg transportation to the uterus (stage 5) and it served to construct the shell membrane. These large granules contained sulfomucin and sialo- or hyaluromucin, which may be necessary for calcium precipitating sites on the shell membrane.The basal and the ciliated cells of the uterine epithelia secreted two types of granules. The one contained sialomucin and the other protein richly. They were surmized to be components of the organic matrix in the shell.","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"21 1","pages":"219-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1972-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78968038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1966-01-01DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-08-011841-3.50050-1
Y. Tsuchiya, K. C. Hong
{"title":"AGAROSE AND AGAROPECTIN IN GELIDIUM AND GRACILARIA AGAR","authors":"Y. Tsuchiya, K. C. Hong","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-08-011841-3.50050-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-011841-3.50050-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"79 1","pages":"315-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83928495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"STUDIES ON THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC TISSUES IN THE LEAVES OF CEREAL CROPS I. THE MESOPHYLL STRUCTURE OF WHEAT LEAVES AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF THE SHOOT","authors":"N. Chonan","doi":"10.1626/jcs.33.388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1626/jcs.33.388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"69 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79268889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The influence of feed and feeding upon the ruminal gas formation. 11. Hydrogen sulfide in the rumen gas.","authors":"T. Matsumoto, Y. Shimoda","doi":"10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.31.5_300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.31.5_300","url":null,"abstract":"(1) 市販の糖蜜-尿素入り配合飼料と乾草とを給与した場合の第一胃ガスの発生状況,第一胃内液性状の変化等を山羊を用いて検討した. (2) 1日1回,午後1時に試験飼料を与えた実験IVの場合は,同じ条件で麩+乾草を与えた実験I,或は麩+乾草+青草を与えた実験IIIの場合に比べて,第一胃ガスの発生が極めて盛であって,第一胃は著しく膨満した.飼料給与後2時間のガス組成中CO2は73%に達し,CO2/CH4は4.4という極めて高い値を示した.即ち糖蜜-尿素入り飼料の給与によって,第一胃ガスの生成,特にCO2の生成が盛になったことが分った. (3) 実験IVの場合と同一量の試験飼料を1日1回,午前8時30分に給与した実験Vの場合は,実験IVに比較するとガスの発生が幾分劣り,飼料給与後2時間のCO2含量は57.2%, CO2/CH4は2.3にすぎず,実験IVの場含のガス組成とは著しく異っていることが注目された.尚,午前9時から青草を自由に摂取させた実験IIの場合と比較しても,そのガス組成は著しく異っていた. (4) 実験Vについては飼料給与直前から8時間後まで,2時間間隔で第一胃ガスを採取し,その組成の変化を検討した.飼料給与直前,即ち前日の飼料給与後24時間ではCH4が41.1%を占めて最も多く, CO2は僅か7.2%にすぎなかった.飼料給与後2時間より8時間までは, CO2が52～57%で主要部分を占め,CH4は25～30%, H2は1～3%であって,飼料給与後のガス組成の経時的変化は,今回の測定範囲内では比較的小さかった. (5) 飼料給与後2時間, 4時間半及び7時間に第一胃内液を採取して,そのpH, V. F. A.,糖濃度及びアンモニア態窒素濃度の変化の模様を検討した. pHは7.3～7.4で普通飼養の場合に比べて甚しくアルカリ側に傾いていた. V. F. A.の生成は比較的少く, 3.9～4.6mM/dl程度にとどまった.第一胃内液の糖濃度は102mg/dl前後でほぼ一定していたが,この値は普通飼養の場合よりもかえって低い.従って飼料の糖含量の増加が,第一胃内液の糖濃度の増加をもたらすとは限らないことが明らかにされた.尚直接還元糖は時間の経過と共に減少を示し,非還元糖は逆に増加する傾向を示し,然も全糖としては常に一定という興味ある知見を得た.アンモニア態窒素は飼料給与後2時間で49mg/dlとなったが, 7時間後には23mg/dlに迄減少し,24時間後の測定値もほぼ同じであった.","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"12 1","pages":"135-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84411556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ON THE REPEATED USE OF MICE IN THE QUANTITATIVE BIOASSAY OF OESTROGEN WITH THE INTRAVAGINAL METHOD","authors":"Masami Sato, H. Shimizu, S. Takeuchi","doi":"10.1262/JRD1955.7.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/JRD1955.7.157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"33 1","pages":"23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74247962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of darkness on the reproduction of mice.","authors":"A. Mori","doi":"10.1262/JRD1955.2.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1262/JRD1955.2.52","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23108,"journal":{"name":"Tohoku journal of agricultural research","volume":"112 1","pages":"147-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1960-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79382951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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