Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022014
Ahmad Noval Madani, Muhammad Havas Asyari, Achmad Saifi Afandi
The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine international trade procedures using the Letter of Credit transaction method. The method used is a qualitative method of literature review studies and content analysis which produces various hypotheses from previous research as data sources. The results of this study are in the use of a Letter of Credit itself, there are several stages, namely, understanding, making comparisons, and reviewing activities in the field in the Letter of Credit procedure itself. In addition, there is a strategy in the use of a Letter of Credit which includes before issuance, at the time of application, and after opening, handling, as well as in sending documents. Furthermore, there are several problems in the use of a Letter of Credit, namely the Issuing Bank or the opening bank is a bank that has a small foreign exchange and its credibility is doubtful, the importer submits a request for a postponement from the disbursement of the Letter of Credit as well as problems that may arise.
{"title":"Export and Import Procedure with Letter of Credit","authors":"Ahmad Noval Madani, Muhammad Havas Asyari, Achmad Saifi Afandi","doi":"10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022014","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine international trade procedures using the Letter of Credit transaction method. The method used is a qualitative method of literature review studies and content analysis which produces various hypotheses from previous research as data sources. The results of this study are in the use of a Letter of Credit itself, there are several stages, namely, understanding, making comparisons, and reviewing activities in the field in the Letter of Credit procedure itself. In addition, there is a strategy in the use of a Letter of Credit which includes before issuance, at the time of application, and after opening, handling, as well as in sending documents. Furthermore, there are several problems in the use of a Letter of Credit, namely the Issuing Bank or the opening bank is a bank that has a small foreign exchange and its credibility is doubtful, the importer submits a request for a postponement from the disbursement of the Letter of Credit as well as problems that may arise.","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131719594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022004
Trenandy Febrillian Putra, Raditya Arif Ramadhan, M. N. Chusainy, Ahmad Fauzi
Export and import activities carry a high risk. With this, a trade contract is needed. Trade contracts are used to avoid deviations or cancellations. Thus facilitating international trade. This research is qualitative research that produces hypotheses from previous research. There are stages in the trade contract that must be carried out by both the exporter and the importer, which is the beginning of the transaction in the export-import trade by considering the contents of the trade contract. The stages in the trade contract include the first stage of promotion. The second stage is the Inquiry stage. The third stage is the Offer Sheet stage. The fourth stage is called the Order Sheet or Purchase Order stage. The next stage is known as the Sale Contract stage or the sale and purchase contract. Then the last stage in the export trade contract is called the Sale's Confirmation stage.
{"title":"Export Trading Contract Process","authors":"Trenandy Febrillian Putra, Raditya Arif Ramadhan, M. N. Chusainy, Ahmad Fauzi","doi":"10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022004","url":null,"abstract":"Export and import activities carry a high risk. With this, a trade contract is needed. Trade contracts are used to avoid deviations or cancellations. Thus facilitating international trade. This research is qualitative research that produces hypotheses from previous research. There are stages in the trade contract that must be carried out by both the exporter and the importer, which is the beginning of the transaction in the export-import trade by considering the contents of the trade contract. The stages in the trade contract include the first stage of promotion. The second stage is the Inquiry stage. The third stage is the Offer Sheet stage. The fourth stage is called the Order Sheet or Purchase Order stage. The next stage is known as the Sale Contract stage or the sale and purchase contract. Then the last stage in the export trade contract is called the Sale's Confirmation stage.","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115120437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022012
Rasyid Dwi Chandra Wijaya, Kristian Kusumo Dirjo, Riski Dwi Arianto
International trade policy is carried out to stabilize the economy that occurs between several countries. International Trade with this Letter of Credit is a sale and purchase price agreement carried out before international trade activities. This study aims to find out how policies in export and import activities use a Letter of Credit and parties participating in import export activities. The use of the method in this study is to use the type of analysis method in a qualitative way based on data from several sites such as Emerald, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. We find that international trading has a positive impact, namely encouraging manufacturing activities, making economic growth increase, employment rates increasing, financial institutions gaining trust and domestic needs will be met. Based on the concept of national economic strategy, policies in conducting international trade are divided into two types. First, the policy of free trade. This policy explains if the government gives permission to carry out exports and imports without interference from various rules. This import-export activity has an influence on the competition between each country. Second, trade defense policy. This policy explains if there is government interference in export and import activities. This government intervention is to protect various sectors that carry out export and import activities in order to survive in international competition.
{"title":"Export Policy – Import And Related Parties In Letter Of Credit","authors":"Rasyid Dwi Chandra Wijaya, Kristian Kusumo Dirjo, Riski Dwi Arianto","doi":"10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022012","url":null,"abstract":"International trade policy is carried out to stabilize the economy that occurs between several countries. International Trade with this Letter of Credit is a sale and purchase price agreement carried out before international trade activities. This study aims to find out how policies in export and import activities use a Letter of Credit and parties participating in import export activities. The use of the method in this study is to use the type of analysis method in a qualitative way based on data from several sites such as Emerald, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. We find that international trading has a positive impact, namely encouraging manufacturing activities, making economic growth increase, employment rates increasing, financial institutions gaining trust and domestic needs will be met. Based on the concept of national economic strategy, policies in conducting international trade are divided into two types. First, the policy of free trade. This policy explains if the government gives permission to carry out exports and imports without interference from various rules. This import-export activity has an influence on the competition between each country. Second, trade defense policy. This policy explains if there is government interference in export and import activities. This government intervention is to protect various sectors that carry out export and import activities in order to survive in international competition.","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"65 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124838650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The international commercial terms (incoterms) are important documents for exporters and importers in minimizing risks during a series of international trades so that rights and obligations are still implemented. Various incoterms documents have their respective functions. The involvement of third-party logistics is an important key in minimizing risk, and costs, and creating efficiencies. This study was conducted to examine the selection of incoterms and the involvement of third-party logistics (3PL) in export and import logistics activities. The method used in the research was carried out by means of a literature study with various sources to examine intensely related to incoterms and 3PL. We find that the synergy between the selection of incoterms documents and the involvement of 3PL parties can support the performance of export and import logistics activities. In addition, the involvement of these two things can reduce risks, and costs, and increase the efficiency of export and import activities.
{"title":"Analysis of Incoterms Selection and Involvement of 3PL in Export Import Logistics Activities","authors":"Ananda Oktafiana, Desi Dwi Rahmadani, Eva Arista Aprilia, Yohana Vingky Septya Laras","doi":"10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022013","url":null,"abstract":"The international commercial terms (incoterms) are important documents for exporters and importers in minimizing risks during a series of international trades so that rights and obligations are still implemented. Various incoterms documents have their respective functions. The involvement of third-party logistics is an important key in minimizing risk, and costs, and creating efficiencies. This study was conducted to examine the selection of incoterms and the involvement of third-party logistics (3PL) in export and import logistics activities. The method used in the research was carried out by means of a literature study with various sources to examine intensely related to incoterms and 3PL. We find that the synergy between the selection of incoterms documents and the involvement of 3PL parties can support the performance of export and import logistics activities. In addition, the involvement of these two things can reduce risks, and costs, and increase the efficiency of export and import activities.","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128728727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022006
Cahya Budhi Irawan, Claudia Laura
This study examines the digital economy shown by internet users with economic growth, education, health, and inflation.This research examines data from 2000 until 2020 to be able to produce "autoregressive vectors" that may be used to evaluate the causal link between variables. Based on secondary data from the World Bank, the following multivariate regression model was used to investigate the causal link between Internet Users, Gross Domestic Product, Education, Health and Inflation in Indonesia. The results of this study are quite surprising where technological literacy in Indonesia actually suppresses GDP, this shows that the use of the internet for Indonesian people in production is not yet optimal. Or most Indonesians use the internet as entertainment and consume digital products from abroad so internet technology literacy suppresses GDP. However, internet literacy supports education in Indonesia where education in Indonesia uses internet technology massively. Education itself encourages internet literacy in Indonesia significantly. However, the literacy of internet users actually suppresses the health sector where the health sector in Indonesia during the research period was dominated by offline and the health sector did not provide a significant boost to internet literacy in Indonesia. The digital economy in Indonesia has been proven to suppress inflation, although not significantly. This illustrates that the digital economy has the potential to suppress inflation and in the current case of Indonesia, the digital economy is not yet optimal currently the majority of internet users in Indonesia are users or consumers of digital products from countries outside Indonesia so they have not been able to encourage domestic economic growth.
{"title":"The Role of the Digital Economy in The Economy, Education, and Health in Indonesia","authors":"Cahya Budhi Irawan, Claudia Laura","doi":"10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/aebd/vol4no1july2022006","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the digital economy shown by internet users with economic growth, education, health, and inflation.This research examines data from 2000 until 2020 to be able to produce \"autoregressive vectors\" that may be used to evaluate the causal link between variables. Based on secondary data from the World Bank, the following multivariate regression model was used to investigate the causal link between Internet Users, Gross Domestic Product, Education, Health and Inflation in Indonesia. The results of this study are quite surprising where technological literacy in Indonesia actually suppresses GDP, this shows that the use of the internet for Indonesian people in production is not yet optimal. Or most Indonesians use the internet as entertainment and consume digital products from abroad so internet technology literacy suppresses GDP. However, internet literacy supports education in Indonesia where education in Indonesia uses internet technology massively. Education itself encourages internet literacy in Indonesia significantly. However, the literacy of internet users actually suppresses the health sector where the health sector in Indonesia during the research period was dominated by offline and the health sector did not provide a significant boost to internet literacy in Indonesia. The digital economy in Indonesia has been proven to suppress inflation, although not significantly. This illustrates that the digital economy has the potential to suppress inflation and in the current case of Indonesia, the digital economy is not yet optimal currently the majority of internet users in Indonesia are users or consumers of digital products from countries outside Indonesia so they have not been able to encourage domestic economic growth.","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124199807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to investigate the impact of money demand motive on a money supply based on keyness theory. The method used in this study is the ordinary least squares method with an annual period from 2011 to 2020. We find that In Indonesia, the money demand motive has a significant effect on money supply where the transaction motive has a significant negative relationship with the money supply. A precautionary motive has a significant positive correlation with the money supply. The motive of speculation has a significant positive relationship with the money supply.
{"title":"The Impact of Money Demand Motivation on Money Supply Indonesia","authors":"Arin Jannah Dinonasih","doi":"10.54204/2776132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/2776132","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the impact of money demand motive on a money supply based on keyness theory. The method used in this study is the ordinary least squares method with an annual period from 2011 to 2020. We find that In Indonesia, the money demand motive has a significant effect on money supply where the transaction motive has a significant negative relationship with the money supply. A precautionary motive has a significant positive correlation with the money supply. The motive of speculation has a significant positive relationship with the money supply.","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114624154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to investigate the vector direction of the relationship between agriculture performance, employment in agriculture, and education in Indonesia. This research uses the vector analysis method. where the dependent variable and the independent variable take turns to see the direction of the relationship of each variable to each other. All data used in this study are sourced from the world bank data. We found that labor absorption in the agricultural sector in Indonesia continues to decline very sharply, it becomes a threat to agriculture performance in the future. Because there is a decline in performance in the future due to labor shortages and it is possible that the agricultural sector will be completely destroyed when there is a shortage of labor in this sector if the interest of the Indonesian youth in the agricultural sector is not invested.
{"title":"Human Capital and Agriculture Performance in Indonesia","authors":"E. Widarni","doi":"10.54204/2776131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/2776131","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the vector direction of the relationship between agriculture performance, employment in agriculture, and education in Indonesia. This research uses the vector analysis method. where the dependent variable and the independent variable take turns to see the direction of the relationship of each variable to each other. All data used in this study are sourced from the world bank data. We found that labor absorption in the agricultural sector in Indonesia continues to decline very sharply, it becomes a threat to agriculture performance in the future. Because there is a decline in performance in the future due to labor shortages and it is possible that the agricultural sector will be completely destroyed when there is a shortage of labor in this sector if the interest of the Indonesian youth in the agricultural sector is not invested.","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117063786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study is to investigate the direction of the relationship between inflation, population, and economic growth using vector analysis with a research period of 1995 to 2020 to investigate the impact of economic shocks on the validity of the classical theory in explaining economic phenomena starting from economic shocks to financial crises Asia in 1997, the global financial crisis in 2008 and the economic shocks caused by the pandemic in India. We find that economic shocks from the 1997 Asian financial crisis to economic shocks due to the COVID-19 pandemic have not been able to invalidate the classical theory as a theory that explains economic phenomena related to economic growth, inflation, and population growth in India.
{"title":"Classical Economic Theory Testing on Economic Challenges in India Using Vector Analysis Method","authors":"Clarissa Esline Adirosa","doi":"10.54204/2776133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/2776133","url":null,"abstract":"This study is to investigate the direction of the relationship between inflation, population, and economic growth using vector analysis with a research period of 1995 to 2020 to investigate the impact of economic shocks on the validity of the classical theory in explaining economic phenomena starting from economic shocks to financial crises Asia in 1997, the global financial crisis in 2008 and the economic shocks caused by the pandemic in India. We find that economic shocks from the 1997 Asian financial crisis to economic shocks due to the COVID-19 pandemic have not been able to invalidate the classical theory as a theory that explains economic phenomena related to economic growth, inflation, and population growth in India.","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127274629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the role of education in improving technology adoption as reflected in technology inclusion, poverty alleviation and efforts to increase community income which is reflected in economic growth. This study uses secondary data from world banks and processed regression using the moving average autoregression method. We found that education investment and technology inclusion were positively related to economic growth. And,negatively related to probability. This indicates that education plays a role in encouraging technological inclusion which reflects technological adaptation and encourages economic growth which is an indicator of the prosperity of the people in Indonesia which is strengthened by a negative relationship with poverty which indicates that education plays an important role in poverty alleviation
{"title":"The Role of Education and Technology Adaptation in Poverty Reduction in Indonesia","authors":"Novi Firmawati, Budi Sasongko","doi":"10.54204/27761120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/27761120","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the role of education in improving technology adoption as reflected in technology inclusion, poverty alleviation and efforts to increase community income which is reflected in economic growth. This study uses secondary data from world banks and processed regression using the moving average autoregression method. We found that education investment and technology inclusion were positively related to economic growth. And,negatively related to probability. This indicates that education plays a role in encouraging technological inclusion which reflects technological adaptation and encourages economic growth which is an indicator of the prosperity of the people in Indonesia which is strengthened by a negative relationship with poverty which indicates that education plays an important role in poverty alleviation","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132157884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the role of government subsidies in increasing consumption and economic growth in poverty reduction efforts in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from world banks and is processed by regression using the moving average autoregression method. We find that subsidies without empowering the poor in contributing to the economy only increase public consumption without reducing the number of poor people. Where more and more subsidies are given, it increases the number of people living in poverty line with an income below 3.2 USD per day.
{"title":"The Role of Government Subsidies in Increasing Consumption and Economic Growth in Efforts to Reduce Poverty in Indonesia","authors":"Yusi Okta Rama, Sri Harnani","doi":"10.54204/27761111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54204/27761111","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the role of government subsidies in increasing consumption and economic growth in poverty reduction efforts in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from world banks and is processed by regression using the moving average autoregression method. We find that subsidies without empowering the poor in contributing to the economy only increase public consumption without reducing the number of poor people. Where more and more subsidies are given, it increases the number of people living in poverty line with an income below 3.2 USD per day.","PeriodicalId":231441,"journal":{"name":"ASIAN Economic and Business Development","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129361904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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