Pub Date : 2019-11-07DOI: 10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32841
L. Howarth
Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease know no boundaries. While this much is known, there is little beyond the medicalization of onset to provide insights into individuals instantly marginalized by a diagnosis with no future. The role of objects and storytelling in supporting the well-being and engagement of those dealing with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) has recently become an accepted strategy in non-medical interventions for the disease. Many care facilities, day programs, and associations providing support for ADRD offer reminiscence and story sharing as regular activities. Building on research undertaken to explore how objects can be used as memory cues to evoke a memory of a person, place, event, or artefact in an individual’s personal narrative, this paper makes a case for mobilizing object memoir to empower the voices of the cognitively disabled. It argues for respecting the individual storyteller, not for the person he or she once was or may become in the future, but as someone with a unique identity and an inherent value as she or he is in the present. Object memoir as a readily invoked activity not only adds to the self-worth and social efficacy of an individual with ADRD, but also fosters meaningful connection with family, friends, and other caregivers who may be experiencing the loss of their own stories as memories of a shared past fade or disappear.
{"title":"Narrative, Objects, and the Construction of the Self","authors":"L. Howarth","doi":"10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32841","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease know no boundaries. While this much is known, there is little beyond the medicalization of onset to provide insights into individuals instantly marginalized by a diagnosis with no future. The role of objects and storytelling in supporting the well-being and engagement of those dealing with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) has recently become an accepted strategy in non-medical interventions for the disease. Many care facilities, day programs, and associations providing support for ADRD offer reminiscence and story sharing as regular activities. Building on research undertaken to explore how objects can be used as memory cues to evoke a memory of a person, place, event, or artefact in an individual’s personal narrative, this paper makes a case for mobilizing object memoir to empower the voices of the cognitively disabled. It argues for respecting the individual storyteller, not for the person he or she once was or may become in the future, but as someone with a unique identity and an inherent value as she or he is in the present. Object memoir as a readily invoked activity not only adds to the self-worth and social efficacy of an individual with ADRD, but also fosters meaningful connection with family, friends, and other caregivers who may be experiencing the loss of their own stories as memories of a shared past fade or disappear.","PeriodicalId":232185,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI)","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133977913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32340
Brady Cross
Most academic library computer workstations comply with basic accessibility guidelines; however, very few are designed for all users. The technology exists which enables the differently-able population to access library materials. This research explores the reasons why academic libraries do or do not incorporate these technologies into their facilities. The author created a workstation called the “Universal Access Workstation” (UAW), which incorporates assistive and adaptive technology which enables patrons with and without disabilities equitable access to information. This study addresses the lack of UAW technology in academic libraries when inclusivity is not only broadly accepted, but enthusiastically embraced by institutions of higher learning. The review of literature addresses Universal Design and the UAW, and how effectively librarians have progressed from the ADA as a minimal standard to Universal Design and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) as a framework. Empirical evidence was collected in an online survey with questions that address academic librarians’ attitudes and opinions regarding the UAW and Universal Design in academic libraries. The study reinforces that the social construct of disability is determined, in part, by the facilities which we design. The article also reveals evidence which indicates there may be a positive trend toward acceptance of Universal Design in library technology, which should lead toward a paradigm shift away from disability as the social construct. This research concludes that libraries incorporating a UAW into their facility promote equitable access to information for all users and enable everyone to participate in the learning process.
{"title":"Library Computer Workstations for Inclusive College Student Populations","authors":"Brady Cross","doi":"10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32340","url":null,"abstract":"Most academic library computer workstations comply with basic accessibility guidelines; however, very few are designed for all users. The technology exists which enables the differently-able population to access library materials. This research explores the reasons why academic libraries do or do not incorporate these technologies into their facilities. The author created a workstation called the “Universal Access Workstation” (UAW), which incorporates assistive and adaptive technology which enables patrons with and without disabilities equitable access to information. This study addresses the lack of UAW technology in academic libraries when inclusivity is not only broadly accepted, but enthusiastically embraced by institutions of higher learning. The review of literature addresses Universal Design and the UAW, and how effectively librarians have progressed from the ADA as a minimal standard to Universal Design and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) as a framework. Empirical evidence was collected in an online survey with questions that address academic librarians’ attitudes and opinions regarding the UAW and Universal Design in academic libraries. The study reinforces that the social construct of disability is determined, in part, by the facilities which we design. The article also reveals evidence which indicates there may be a positive trend toward acceptance of Universal Design in library technology, which should lead toward a paradigm shift away from disability as the social construct. This research concludes that libraries incorporating a UAW into their facility promote equitable access to information for all users and enable everyone to participate in the learning process.","PeriodicalId":232185,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI)","volume":"27 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116308844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.33047
Valerie Brett Shaindlin
Book Review
书评
{"title":"Diversity, Equity, Accessibility, and Inclusion in Museums","authors":"Valerie Brett Shaindlin","doi":"10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.33047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.33047","url":null,"abstract":"Book Review","PeriodicalId":232185,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI)","volume":"55 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114130162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32414
Mary Beth Riedner, T. Shay, Kayla Kuni
The stigma attached to a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease or a related dementia is enormous, and those living with dementia often speak of the negative, and almost immediate, social impact of the disease. According to Alzheimer’s Disease International, there were approximately 50 million people worldwide living with dementia in 2017 and this number could reach 131.5 million by 2050 (n.d.). The social isolation that affects many people living with dementia is best combatted by knowledge and understanding. There are many ways that libraries can put their mission statements into action with regard to this devastating disease. People living with dementia are coming into libraries every day. Library staff need training to recognize those who may be affected and to develop effective communication techniques to meet their special needs. In addition to purchasing books and other materials about the disease and how to cope with it, libraries can help those living with dementia and their caregivers find medical information available from underused sources such as Medline Plus from the National Library of Medicine. Libraries are uniquely suited to host educational events and community discussions. Outside organizations such as the Alzheimer’s Association can provide informational sessions held in the library. There are also several model projects developed by libraries across the country that demonstrate how libraries can provide direct programming and services to those living with dementia. Libraries can play a significant role in reducing social isolation among those living with dementia and improving the quality of their lives.
{"title":"Serving a Forgotten Population","authors":"Mary Beth Riedner, T. Shay, Kayla Kuni","doi":"10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32414","url":null,"abstract":"The stigma attached to a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease or a related dementia is enormous, and those living with dementia often speak of the negative, and almost immediate, social impact of the disease. According to Alzheimer’s Disease International, there were approximately 50 million people worldwide living with dementia in 2017 and this number could reach 131.5 million by 2050 (n.d.). The social isolation that affects many people living with dementia is best combatted by knowledge and understanding. There are many ways that libraries can put their mission statements into action with regard to this devastating disease. People living with dementia are coming into libraries every day. Library staff need training to recognize those who may be affected and to develop effective communication techniques to meet their special needs. In addition to purchasing books and other materials about the disease and how to cope with it, libraries can help those living with dementia and their caregivers find medical information available from underused sources such as Medline Plus from the National Library of Medicine. Libraries are uniquely suited to host educational events and community discussions. Outside organizations such as the Alzheimer’s Association can provide informational sessions held in the library. There are also several model projects developed by libraries across the country that demonstrate how libraries can provide direct programming and services to those living with dementia. Libraries can play a significant role in reducing social isolation among those living with dementia and improving the quality of their lives.","PeriodicalId":232185,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123348404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.33251
K. Thompson
Editorial
编辑
{"title":"Socializing Engagement: From Words to Action","authors":"K. Thompson","doi":"10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.33251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.33251","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial","PeriodicalId":232185,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129764331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32440
Shanna Hollich
Through autoethnographic research and a deep dive into theoretical literature, this article explores the idea of hidden or invisible disability and its impact on information work. Much of the current work on disability in higher education is focused on issues involving serving students or library patrons with disabilities. A less explored area of research focuses on the experience of being a library worker with a disability and how that may affect the nature of information work and the provision of service. Moreover, the author explores the repercussions of performing information work with a hidden disability, and how the nature of hidden disability and the act of passing brings about its own ethical quandaries and challenges. The conclusion discusses practical applications for working with colleagues who may have hidden disabilities and provides questions for further exploration.
{"title":"What It Means for a Disabled Librarian to \"Pass\"","authors":"Shanna Hollich","doi":"10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32440","url":null,"abstract":"Through autoethnographic research and a deep dive into theoretical literature, this article explores the idea of hidden or invisible disability and its impact on information work. Much of the current work on disability in higher education is focused on issues involving serving students or library patrons with disabilities. A less explored area of research focuses on the experience of being a library worker with a disability and how that may affect the nature of information work and the provision of service. Moreover, the author explores the repercussions of performing information work with a hidden disability, and how the nature of hidden disability and the act of passing brings about its own ethical quandaries and challenges. The conclusion discusses practical applications for working with colleagues who may have hidden disabilities and provides questions for further exploration.","PeriodicalId":232185,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124746219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32988
M. Elayyan
Book Review
书评
{"title":"Masked by Trust","authors":"M. Elayyan","doi":"10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32988","url":null,"abstract":"Book Review","PeriodicalId":232185,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132963313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32405
Rachel Osolen, Leah K. Brochu
While working as production assistants for the National Network of Equitable Library Service (NNELS), an organization that creates and shares accessible versions of books to people with print disabilities, we were tasked with a challenging request from a user: Could we make an accessible version of the comic book The Walking Dead? Audio description services are available to the visually impaired in a few different venues such as television, movies, and live theatre. Guidelines for the creation of these descriptive texts are available to potential creators, but in our case, we could find nothing that would help guide us to create a described comic book. While some people and organizations have created prose novelizations of comic books, these simply tell the story, and do not include the unique visual aspects of reading a comic book. We have found that it is possible to create a balanced description that combines the visual grammar of a comic with the narrative story. In addition to creating a described comic book, we are developing guiding documentation that will be a necessary tool to ensure that visually impaired readers have a comic book experience (CBE) that (a) closely matches the CBE of a sighted reader, and (b) is standardized across producers, so that the onus of understanding the approach to comic book description (CBD) is not put on the visually impaired reader. At this point in our work, we need more feedback from users with print disabilities to ensure we are meeting the highest standards.
{"title":"Creating an Authentic Experience","authors":"Rachel Osolen, Leah K. Brochu","doi":"10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32405","url":null,"abstract":"While working as production assistants for the National Network of Equitable Library Service (NNELS), an organization that creates and shares accessible versions of books to people with print disabilities, we were tasked with a challenging request from a user: Could we make an accessible version of the comic book The Walking Dead? \u0000Audio description services are available to the visually impaired in a few different venues such as television, movies, and live theatre. Guidelines for the creation of these descriptive texts are available to potential creators, but in our case, we could find nothing that would help guide us to create a described comic book. \u0000While some people and organizations have created prose novelizations of comic books, these simply tell the story, and do not include the unique visual aspects of reading a comic book. We have found that it is possible to create a balanced description that combines the visual grammar of a comic with the narrative story. \u0000In addition to creating a described comic book, we are developing guiding documentation that will be a necessary tool to ensure that visually impaired readers have a comic book experience (CBE) that (a) closely matches the CBE of a sighted reader, and (b) is standardized across producers, so that the onus of understanding the approach to comic book description (CBD) is not put on the visually impaired reader. At this point in our work, we need more feedback from users with print disabilities to ensure we are meeting the highest standards.","PeriodicalId":232185,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124798250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-04DOI: 10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32369
Mirah J. Dow, Brady D. Lund, William K. Douthit
Informed by an overview of job advertisement research published during the past two decades, the purpose of this study is to address disability and employment in library and information science by investigating job ads for academic library reference positions for their written language comprehension qualities. With concerns for rising unemployment rates of qualified, college educated individuals with disabilities including Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and the need to increase diversity in the workforce, we conducted a multi-step content analysis of all academic library reference position advertisements (43) published by libraries in the 12 member states of a Midwestern United States regional library association. The theoretical lens for our study draws on the field of linguistics and particularly two important components of discourse, the reading of 1) words and sentences containing lexically ambiguous words and 2) fixed formulaic sequences. From the identified reference position job ads (148 pages, 16,724 words), 79 passages were coded as problematic in the announcement areas of 1) general position information (23), 2) duty and/or responsibility (34), and 3) qualifications (22). Passages were organized into 32 categorical examples of lexically ambiguous words and 15 examples of formulaic sequences that do not in our view have universal meaning and can lead to uncertainty and misunderstandings among potential applicants with and without intellectual disabilities. Examples of clear, accurate language to replace problematic language are presented. While this study focuses on job ads in the United States, it has international implications and relevance as ASD and related disabilities exist worldwide.
{"title":"Investigating the Link between Unemployment and Disability","authors":"Mirah J. Dow, Brady D. Lund, William K. Douthit","doi":"10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v4i1.32369","url":null,"abstract":"Informed by an overview of job advertisement research published during the past two decades, the purpose of this study is to address disability and employment in library and information science by investigating job ads for academic library reference positions for their written language comprehension qualities. With concerns for rising unemployment rates of qualified, college educated individuals with disabilities including Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and the need to increase diversity in the workforce, we conducted a multi-step content analysis of all academic library reference position advertisements (43) published by libraries in the 12 member states of a Midwestern United States regional library association. The theoretical lens for our study draws on the field of linguistics and particularly two important components of discourse, the reading of 1) words and sentences containing lexically ambiguous words and 2) fixed formulaic sequences. From the identified reference position job ads (148 pages, 16,724 words), 79 passages were coded as problematic in the announcement areas of 1) general position information (23), 2) duty and/or responsibility (34), and 3) qualifications (22). Passages were organized into 32 categorical examples of lexically ambiguous words and 15 examples of formulaic sequences that do not in our view have universal meaning and can lead to uncertainty and misunderstandings among potential applicants with and without intellectual disabilities. Examples of clear, accurate language to replace problematic language are presented. While this study focuses on job ads in the United States, it has international implications and relevance as ASD and related disabilities exist worldwide.","PeriodicalId":232185,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127345142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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