Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2137701
S. Sinhamahapatra, P. Das, K. Dana, Himanshu Tripathi
Magnesium aluminate (MA) is a spinel group of material and rarely available in nature. It exhibits several advantageous thermal, thermo-mechanical, optical, chemical properties which renders it suitable for wide gamut applications starting from refractory to sensor to IR transmitting window. It has face centered cubic structure and has wide solubility to its end members at elevated temperatures. As a result of this solubility, non-stoichiometric compositions exist in the phase field of spinel in the phase diagram. Due to its unavailability in nature, MA spinels are synthetically prepared through different routes and using different starting materials. Among these, solid state reaction sintering or conventional mixed oxide (CMO) method is the most techno-economical viable process. However, the challenge lies with the preparation of dense MA spinel from its oxide precursors in a single stage process is the expansion due to spinellization. Several attempts have been made to overcome this deterring factor through improving the reactivity of the precursors, by controlling the processing parameters, or by using the mineralizers. In this paper crystal structure, stoichiometry in spinel composition, mechanism of spinel formation, different synthesis method, properties and applications are reviewed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Magnesium Aluminate Spinel: Structure, Properties, Synthesis and Applications","authors":"S. Sinhamahapatra, P. Das, K. Dana, Himanshu Tripathi","doi":"10.1080/0371750X.2022.2137701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2022.2137701","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium aluminate (MA) is a spinel group of material and rarely available in nature. It exhibits several advantageous thermal, thermo-mechanical, optical, chemical properties which renders it suitable for wide gamut applications starting from refractory to sensor to IR transmitting window. It has face centered cubic structure and has wide solubility to its end members at elevated temperatures. As a result of this solubility, non-stoichiometric compositions exist in the phase field of spinel in the phase diagram. Due to its unavailability in nature, MA spinels are synthetically prepared through different routes and using different starting materials. Among these, solid state reaction sintering or conventional mixed oxide (CMO) method is the most techno-economical viable process. However, the challenge lies with the preparation of dense MA spinel from its oxide precursors in a single stage process is the expansion due to spinellization. Several attempts have been made to overcome this deterring factor through improving the reactivity of the precursors, by controlling the processing parameters, or by using the mineralizers. In this paper crystal structure, stoichiometry in spinel composition, mechanism of spinel formation, different synthesis method, properties and applications are reviewed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23233,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society","volume":"81 1","pages":"97 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43113797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2123045
Preeti, Adityanarayan H. Pandey, R. Selvamani, S. M. Gupta, C. Shekhar
The Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PNN) ceramics was synthesized by two different methods, viz. (i) single step and (ii) double step. Phase formation of powders prepared by both the methods at various temperatures and lead excess were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering experiments. The studies revealed that for single step method the unreacted phases diminished with increase of firing temperature and only impure nickel niobate phase remained at 1200°C. Addition of 4 wt% excess lead oxide reduced the impure nickel niobate phase concentration from 8.9% to 4.2% for the single step method. Addition of 2 wt% excess lead oxide was found sufficient to remove pyrochlore nickel niobate phase for double step method. Temperature dependent XRD showed pure phase throughout the temperature range of 35 to 350 K indicating the stability of the phase formed. The Raman study also confirmed the formation of pure perovskite phase. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Synthesis, Structural and Raman Investigations of PbNi1/3Nb2/3O3 Ceramics","authors":"Preeti, Adityanarayan H. Pandey, R. Selvamani, S. M. Gupta, C. Shekhar","doi":"10.1080/0371750X.2022.2123045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2022.2123045","url":null,"abstract":"The Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PNN) ceramics was synthesized by two different methods, viz. (i) single step and (ii) double step. Phase formation of powders prepared by both the methods at various temperatures and lead excess were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering experiments. The studies revealed that for single step method the unreacted phases diminished with increase of firing temperature and only impure nickel niobate phase remained at 1200°C. Addition of 4 wt% excess lead oxide reduced the impure nickel niobate phase concentration from 8.9% to 4.2% for the single step method. Addition of 2 wt% excess lead oxide was found sufficient to remove pyrochlore nickel niobate phase for double step method. Temperature dependent XRD showed pure phase throughout the temperature range of 35 to 350 K indicating the stability of the phase formed. The Raman study also confirmed the formation of pure perovskite phase. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23233,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society","volume":"81 1","pages":"133 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42689515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2109212
C. Ruiz-Aguilar, Esbeidy Eveline Godinez-Gamiño
In the present study, four β-TCP/ZrO2 cement compositions were made, in which the zirconia was varied in different amounts at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 wt%. The goals of this investigation were: (i) To analyze the effect of the mechanical properties of zirconia on the different samples of cement, (ii) To evaluate in vitro formation of hydroxyapatite in all cements at different times dipping in artificial saliva, and (iii) To analyze the interaction of glass-ionomer type I in all β-TCP/ZrO2 cement compositions. The results found were that the amount of zirconia added to the cement compositions did not significantly affect the mechanical properties’ values compared to the sample without zirconia. Nevertheless, ZrO2 helped to stabilize the demineralization of the types of cement in contact with artificial saliva at different times. On the other hand, the glass ionomer type I used to link the powder cement caused a change in the mechanical behavior, enhancing the plasticity in all the cement compositions. The in vitro test allowed an analysis of the cement samples dipping in artificial saliva, which showed a decrease of pH value from 7 to 3.8 at three days. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Elaboration and Characterization of β-TCP/ZrO2 Cements for Dental Applications","authors":"C. Ruiz-Aguilar, Esbeidy Eveline Godinez-Gamiño","doi":"10.1080/0371750X.2022.2109212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2022.2109212","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, four β-TCP/ZrO2 cement compositions were made, in which the zirconia was varied in different amounts at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 wt%. The goals of this investigation were: (i) To analyze the effect of the mechanical properties of zirconia on the different samples of cement, (ii) To evaluate in vitro formation of hydroxyapatite in all cements at different times dipping in artificial saliva, and (iii) To analyze the interaction of glass-ionomer type I in all β-TCP/ZrO2 cement compositions. The results found were that the amount of zirconia added to the cement compositions did not significantly affect the mechanical properties’ values compared to the sample without zirconia. Nevertheless, ZrO2 helped to stabilize the demineralization of the types of cement in contact with artificial saliva at different times. On the other hand, the glass ionomer type I used to link the powder cement caused a change in the mechanical behavior, enhancing the plasticity in all the cement compositions. The in vitro test allowed an analysis of the cement samples dipping in artificial saliva, which showed a decrease of pH value from 7 to 3.8 at three days. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23233,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society","volume":"81 1","pages":"121 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49645174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2115400
Taranveer Kaur, Raman Kumar, Savidh Khan, Kulvir Singh, J. Kolte
In the present work, gadolinium doped ceria (Gd0.1Ce0.9O2-δ, GDC) is prepared via sol-gel technique. The as-prepared samples are calcined at different temperatures followed by sintering at various temperatures to obtain uniform microstructure and dense samples. The most uniformly distributed grains with less porosity are obtained for sintered samples at 1450°C for 6 h with an average grain size of 0.85 μm. Single-phase cubic fluorite structure is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Conductivity analysis reveals that GDC exhibited conductivity around 4.6 × 10−3 S.cm−1 at 550°C. The activation energy of 1.01 eV indicates that ions dominate the conduction, which is best for SOFC electrolytes. This conductivity has been achieved at lower sintering temperatures (1450°C) than the solid-state reaction method (1600°C). GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Structural and Electrical Properties of Gd Doped CeO2 (GDC) Nanoceramics for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications","authors":"Taranveer Kaur, Raman Kumar, Savidh Khan, Kulvir Singh, J. Kolte","doi":"10.1080/0371750X.2022.2115400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2022.2115400","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, gadolinium doped ceria (Gd0.1Ce0.9O2-δ, GDC) is prepared via sol-gel technique. The as-prepared samples are calcined at different temperatures followed by sintering at various temperatures to obtain uniform microstructure and dense samples. The most uniformly distributed grains with less porosity are obtained for sintered samples at 1450°C for 6 h with an average grain size of 0.85 μm. Single-phase cubic fluorite structure is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Conductivity analysis reveals that GDC exhibited conductivity around 4.6 × 10−3 S.cm−1 at 550°C. The activation energy of 1.01 eV indicates that ions dominate the conduction, which is best for SOFC electrolytes. This conductivity has been achieved at lower sintering temperatures (1450°C) than the solid-state reaction method (1600°C). GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23233,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society","volume":"81 1","pages":"127 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45206754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2096696
Derya Kırsever, H. Toplan
Traditional porcelain tile companies worldwide produce large amounts of residues during the polishing process. The recycling of these porcelain polishing residue becomes more critical. This study evaluates the incorporation of porcelain polishing residues as a raw material to produce lightweight porous ceramics as a new insulation material. Also, cellulose was used as the pore-making additive. The effect of sintering temperature and cellulose additive on the sintering behavior of porous ceramics, such as bulk density, linear shrinkage, water absorption were investigated. Flexural strength of the fired specimens was measured by three-point bending method. Thermal conductivities of the porous ceramics were predicted using laser flash method. Microstructural and phase observations were performed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Relatively low thermal conductivity of the samples sintered at 1100°C was obtained at 0.097 W.m–1.K–1 when 2.5 wt% cellulose additive was added, with low bulk density (<1 g.cm–3), water absorption (0.7%) and flexural strength (3.09 Mpa). These results indicate that the porcelain polishing residues could be used for lightweight porous ceramics production, thus giving rise to a new possibility for an environmental management of this abundant waste. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
世界各地的传统瓷砖公司在抛光过程中会产生大量的残留物。这些陶瓷抛光残留物的回收利用变得更加关键。本研究评估了以陶瓷抛光残留物为原料，生产轻质多孔陶瓷作为一种新型绝缘材料。同时，纤维素作为造孔添加剂。研究了烧结温度和纤维素添加剂对多孔陶瓷的容重、线收缩率、吸水率等烧结性能的影响。用三点弯曲法测定了烧结试样的抗弯强度。利用激光闪蒸法预测了多孔陶瓷的热导率。通过扫描电子显微镜和x射线衍射进行显微结构和物相观察。在0.097 w - m - 1时，1100℃烧结样品的导热系数相对较低。当添加2.5 wt%纤维素添加剂时为K-1，具有低容重(<1 g.cm-3)，吸水率(0.7%)和抗弯强度(3.09 Mpa)。这些结果表明，陶瓷抛光残留物可以用于轻质多孔陶瓷的生产，从而为这种丰富的废物的环境管理提供了新的可能性。图形抽象
{"title":"Thermo Physical and Mechanical Characterization of Lightweight Porous Ceramics Produced from Porcelain Polishing Residues","authors":"Derya Kırsever, H. Toplan","doi":"10.1080/0371750X.2022.2096696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2022.2096696","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional porcelain tile companies worldwide produce large amounts of residues during the polishing process. The recycling of these porcelain polishing residue becomes more critical. This study evaluates the incorporation of porcelain polishing residues as a raw material to produce lightweight porous ceramics as a new insulation material. Also, cellulose was used as the pore-making additive. The effect of sintering temperature and cellulose additive on the sintering behavior of porous ceramics, such as bulk density, linear shrinkage, water absorption were investigated. Flexural strength of the fired specimens was measured by three-point bending method. Thermal conductivities of the porous ceramics were predicted using laser flash method. Microstructural and phase observations were performed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Relatively low thermal conductivity of the samples sintered at 1100°C was obtained at 0.097 W.m–1.K–1 when 2.5 wt% cellulose additive was added, with low bulk density (<1 g.cm–3), water absorption (0.7%) and flexural strength (3.09 Mpa). These results indicate that the porcelain polishing residues could be used for lightweight porous ceramics production, thus giving rise to a new possibility for an environmental management of this abundant waste. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23233,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society","volume":"81 1","pages":"84 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45718263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2064918
Atanu Dey, N. Kayal, O. Chakrabarti, M. Innocentini
Oxide-bonded silicon carbide supports of porosity ranging from 33% to 47% were prepared by heating powder compacts (SiC, clay and alumina) at 1400°C in air with graphite acting as a pore former. The supports were spray-coated with an aqueous slurry of fine SiC powder (d50=15 μm), then sintered to produce a filtering layer with thickness ranging from 116 to 200 μm and average pore size ranging from 5 to 20 μm. Airflow tests were performed on both supports and coated filters at temperatures ranging from 25° to 700°C and superficial velocities ranging from 0.02 to 0.9 m.s−1. Experimental permeability coefficients were used to simulate the pressure drop behavior of hypothetical candle filters for industrial combustion/gasification processes (biomass combustion in water-tube steam boilers (BCSB), pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC) and integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC)). The simulated permeation properties of the hypothetical candles were compared to those of commercial hot gas filters. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Permeation Behavior of Oxide Bonded SiC Ceramics at High Temperature and Prediction of Pressure Drop in Candle Filters","authors":"Atanu Dey, N. Kayal, O. Chakrabarti, M. Innocentini","doi":"10.1080/0371750X.2022.2064918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2022.2064918","url":null,"abstract":"Oxide-bonded silicon carbide supports of porosity ranging from 33% to 47% were prepared by heating powder compacts (SiC, clay and alumina) at 1400°C in air with graphite acting as a pore former. The supports were spray-coated with an aqueous slurry of fine SiC powder (d50=15 μm), then sintered to produce a filtering layer with thickness ranging from 116 to 200 μm and average pore size ranging from 5 to 20 μm. Airflow tests were performed on both supports and coated filters at temperatures ranging from 25° to 700°C and superficial velocities ranging from 0.02 to 0.9 m.s−1. Experimental permeability coefficients were used to simulate the pressure drop behavior of hypothetical candle filters for industrial combustion/gasification processes (biomass combustion in water-tube steam boilers (BCSB), pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC) and integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC)). The simulated permeation properties of the hypothetical candles were compared to those of commercial hot gas filters. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23233,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society","volume":"81 1","pages":"59 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49428197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2064920
Qiang Liu, Juan Wang, Wensheng Liu, Lingjiao Zhan, S. Peng, Shuwei Yao, Yunzhu Ma
In order to optimize the phase composition and grain size of alumina fibers, 0-3 wt% SiO2 were induced to prepare alumina fibers using sol-gel method with the reaction of aluminium powder, formic acid, acetic acid, nitric acid and SiO2 sol. Effects of low SiO2 content on the phase transition and microstructure of alumina fibers were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis and differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the addition of silica delayed the formation of α-Al2O3, and the phase transformation path of alumina was changed from amorphous alumina → γ-Al2O3 → α-Al2O3 to amorphous alumina → γ-Al2O3 → θ-Al2O3 → α-Al2O3. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy results confirmed that the addition of SiO2 reduced the grain size and was beneficial for the dense structure. Fine-grained dense alumina fibers composed of α-Al2O3 phase and transitional alumina phase were obtained by adding 1 wt% and 3 wt% silica after sintering at 1200°C for 1 h. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Effects of SiO2 Addition on Phase Transition and Microstructure Evolution of Alumina Fibers Prepared Using the Sol-Gel Method","authors":"Qiang Liu, Juan Wang, Wensheng Liu, Lingjiao Zhan, S. Peng, Shuwei Yao, Yunzhu Ma","doi":"10.1080/0371750X.2022.2064920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2022.2064920","url":null,"abstract":"In order to optimize the phase composition and grain size of alumina fibers, 0-3 wt% SiO2 were induced to prepare alumina fibers using sol-gel method with the reaction of aluminium powder, formic acid, acetic acid, nitric acid and SiO2 sol. Effects of low SiO2 content on the phase transition and microstructure of alumina fibers were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis and differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the addition of silica delayed the formation of α-Al2O3, and the phase transformation path of alumina was changed from amorphous alumina → γ-Al2O3 → α-Al2O3 to amorphous alumina → γ-Al2O3 → θ-Al2O3 → α-Al2O3. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy results confirmed that the addition of SiO2 reduced the grain size and was beneficial for the dense structure. Fine-grained dense alumina fibers composed of α-Al2O3 phase and transitional alumina phase were obtained by adding 1 wt% and 3 wt% silica after sintering at 1200°C for 1 h. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23233,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society","volume":"81 1","pages":"68 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46037142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2064919
H. Alrebdi, A. Almuqrin, M. Hanfi, M. Sayyed, K. Mahmoud
Mechanical features have been investigated to the glass system with the chemical composition xSrO-10PbO-(90–x)B2O3 with various concentrations of x = 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 mol%. Based on the Makishima-Mackenzie model, the elastic modulus has been predicted for the SrPbB glasses. The obtained results illustrate that elastic moduli reduced with the addition of SrO concentrations in the lead borate glass. The highest values of Young’s (89.03 GPa), bulk (68.36 GPa), shear (4.69 GPa), and longitudinal (114.63 GPa) moduli have been detected in the SrPbB20 glass with 20 molar fraction of SrO and low density of 3.29 g.cm−3. The radiation shielding properties have also been studied for the discussed glasses. Among the shielding parameters, the transmission factor and the mean free path have been detected according to the linear attenuation coefficient values which have been simulated utilizing the Monte Carlo simulation code MCNP5. Successively, the exposure buildup factors and the energy absorption buildup factor have been predicted using the BXCOM programme to appreciate the photons accumulation inwards the studied glass material as well as the effective atomic number (Zeff ) and the equivalent atomic number (Zeq ). Finally, it has been concluded that the present synthetical glasses are preferred to be utilized in various radiation shielding applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Influence of the SrO Insertion to a Binary PbO-B2O3 Glass System: Mechanical Properties and Radiation Shielding Study","authors":"H. Alrebdi, A. Almuqrin, M. Hanfi, M. Sayyed, K. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1080/0371750X.2022.2064919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2022.2064919","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanical features have been investigated to the glass system with the chemical composition xSrO-10PbO-(90–x)B2O3 with various concentrations of x = 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 mol%. Based on the Makishima-Mackenzie model, the elastic modulus has been predicted for the SrPbB glasses. The obtained results illustrate that elastic moduli reduced with the addition of SrO concentrations in the lead borate glass. The highest values of Young’s (89.03 GPa), bulk (68.36 GPa), shear (4.69 GPa), and longitudinal (114.63 GPa) moduli have been detected in the SrPbB20 glass with 20 molar fraction of SrO and low density of 3.29 g.cm−3. The radiation shielding properties have also been studied for the discussed glasses. Among the shielding parameters, the transmission factor and the mean free path have been detected according to the linear attenuation coefficient values which have been simulated utilizing the Monte Carlo simulation code MCNP5. Successively, the exposure buildup factors and the energy absorption buildup factor have been predicted using the BXCOM programme to appreciate the photons accumulation inwards the studied glass material as well as the effective atomic number (Zeff ) and the equivalent atomic number (Zeq ). Finally, it has been concluded that the present synthetical glasses are preferred to be utilized in various radiation shielding applications. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23233,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society","volume":"81 1","pages":"76 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46844399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2054473
S. Singh, P. Biswas, Roy Johnson
Shaping transparent ceramics through slip casting on plaster of Paris (PoP) moulds offers improved transparency compared to compacted samples due to better homogeneity in colloidal processing. However, the contamination due to CaSO4 originated from the PoP contact is a primary concern. Therefore, it demands the machining of several layers from the cast surface that results in post-green machining defects. To address this concern, a magnesium aluminate (MgAl2O4) spinel mould was fabricated with indigenously synthesized spinel powder with optimum porosity of 45-50% and flexural strength of ∼16 MPa. The fabricated spinel mould was used to demonstrate the casting using water-based spinel slurry. The cast spinel blanks were found contamination free as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared studies. Microstructures of spinel moulds revealed the interconnectivity of the pores obtained by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Specimens cast on spinel and on PoP moulds, after post machining, were sintered (1650°C) and hot isostatically pressed (at 1800°C and 1950 bar) under identical conditions. Casting on spinel moulds demonstrated a contamination free surface of the samples. Its properties are at par with the samples cast on PoP moulds, however, with improved casting rate and minimum rejection. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Colloidal Shaping of Transparent Spinel through Slip Casting Using Contamination Free Spinel Moulds","authors":"S. Singh, P. Biswas, Roy Johnson","doi":"10.1080/0371750X.2022.2054473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750X.2022.2054473","url":null,"abstract":"Shaping transparent ceramics through slip casting on plaster of Paris (PoP) moulds offers improved transparency compared to compacted samples due to better homogeneity in colloidal processing. However, the contamination due to CaSO4 originated from the PoP contact is a primary concern. Therefore, it demands the machining of several layers from the cast surface that results in post-green machining defects. To address this concern, a magnesium aluminate (MgAl2O4) spinel mould was fabricated with indigenously synthesized spinel powder with optimum porosity of 45-50% and flexural strength of ∼16 MPa. The fabricated spinel mould was used to demonstrate the casting using water-based spinel slurry. The cast spinel blanks were found contamination free as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared studies. Microstructures of spinel moulds revealed the interconnectivity of the pores obtained by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Specimens cast on spinel and on PoP moulds, after post machining, were sintered (1650°C) and hot isostatically pressed (at 1800°C and 1950 bar) under identical conditions. Casting on spinel moulds demonstrated a contamination free surface of the samples. Its properties are at par with the samples cast on PoP moulds, however, with improved casting rate and minimum rejection. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":23233,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society","volume":"81 1","pages":"30 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41833802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.2022.2028267
Hao Liu, Wenyuan Liu, Zhou Wang, Yan Ma, Xitang Wang
Potassium hexatitanate whiskers (PTW) materials have attracted much attention in thermal insulation fields. Nevertheless, the low mechanical properties limited the development and application of PTW thermal insulation materials. In this work, low density, high mechanical properties and high thermal insulation capacity of PTW thermal insulation materials can be obtained through mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) adopted as pore-forming agent. The pyrolysis and oxidation of MCMB promoted the development of whiskers during the calcination process, rendering the increased materials porosity. The as-prepared PTW materials heat treated at 1000°C possessed low thermal conductivity of 0.043-0.035 W.m−1.K−1 from room temperature to 900°C and a low bulk density of 0.52 g.cm−3. Owing to the point of contact between whiskers with developed diameter and aspect ratio, comperssive strength of PTW materials heat treated at 900° and 1000°C was 1.92 and 2.51 MPa, respectively, maintaining high resilience rates of above 70% at 5% compressive strain. The elevated heat-treatment temperature (above 1100°C) led to the sintering between whiskers and the resultant enhanced compressive strength of higher than 4.23 MPa. The researched low density, high mechanical properties and thermal insulation PTW materials exhibit huge prospects as insulation linings in thermal insulation fields. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
六钛酸钾晶须(PTW)材料在保温领域受到广泛关注。然而，PTW保温材料的低力学性能限制了其发展和应用。在本研究中，采用介碳微珠(MCMB)作为成孔剂，可以获得低密度、高力学性能和高保温能力的PTW保温材料。MCMB的热解氧化作用促进了煅烧过程中晶须的发育，导致材料孔隙率增大。制备的PTW材料经1000℃热处理后，导热系数为0.043 ~ 0.035 w m−1。从室温到900°C, K−1和0.52 g.cm−3的低堆积密度。在900℃和1000℃热处理时，PTW材料的抗压强度分别为1.92和2.51 MPa，在5%的压缩应变下仍保持70%以上的高回弹率。热处理温度升高(1100℃以上)导致晶须之间烧结，抗压强度提高4.23 MPa以上。所研究的低密度、高力学性能和保温性能的PTW材料在保温领域具有广阔的应用前景。图形抽象
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