Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30491/TM.2021.215385.1056
T. Ghezeljeh, Fatemeh Taziki Balajelini, H. Haghani
Background: Given the undeniable role of nurses in caring for traumatic patients, the best method for teaching skills to nursing students should be selected. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of smartphone-based education on the clinical skills of undergraduate nursing students when confronting traumatic patients. Methods: This study was conducted on 82 nursing students. The students in both intervention and control groups were evaluated using the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians' Skills Sheets for trauma skills before and one month after the intervention. Results: The mean post-test score in 9 clinical skills of trauma in the intervention group (113.26±11.39, t=18.715, p <0.001) was significantly higher than those of the control group (52.92±13.23, t=3.352, p=0.002). The effect of the intervention on the clinical skill of trauma was greater than 0.7, indicating that the smartphone software had a high effect on improving each skill. Conclusion: The smartphone-based education programs can be used as an accessible and easy method for the education of nursing students.
背景:鉴于护士在护理创伤患者中不可否认的作用，应选择对护生进行技能教学的最佳方法。目的:本研究旨在探讨智能手机教育对护理本科生面对创伤患者临床技能的影响。方法:对82名护生进行调查。干预组和对照组的学生在干预前和干预后一个月使用国家紧急医疗技术人员技能表对创伤技能进行评估。结果:干预组创伤9项临床技能测试后平均得分(113.26±11.39,t=18.715, p <0.001)显著高于对照组(52.92±13.23,t=3.352, p=0.002)。干预对创伤临床技能的影响大于0.7，说明智能手机软件对各项技能的提高都有较高的效果。结论:智能手机教育程序可作为一种便捷的护生教育方法。
{"title":"Effect of Smartphone-Based Education on Students’ Skills in Managing Traumatized Patients: Pre-Test and Post-Test Design with A Control Group","authors":"T. Ghezeljeh, Fatemeh Taziki Balajelini, H. Haghani","doi":"10.30491/TM.2021.215385.1056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/TM.2021.215385.1056","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Given the undeniable role of nurses in caring for traumatic patients, the best method for teaching skills to nursing students should be selected. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of smartphone-based education on the clinical skills of undergraduate nursing students when confronting traumatic patients. Methods: This study was conducted on 82 nursing students. The students in both intervention and control groups were evaluated using the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians' Skills Sheets for trauma skills before and one month after the intervention. Results: The mean post-test score in 9 clinical skills of trauma in the intervention group (113.26±11.39, t=18.715, p <0.001) was significantly higher than those of the control group (52.92±13.23, t=3.352, p=0.002). The effect of the intervention on the clinical skill of trauma was greater than 0.7, indicating that the smartphone software had a high effect on improving each skill. Conclusion: The smartphone-based education programs can be used as an accessible and easy method for the education of nursing students.","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78354412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30491/TM.2021.252434.1185
Hamid Molayi, S. Davoudi, Esmat Davoudi-Monfared
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) can affect multiple organs including the heart and blood vessels, kidneys, gut, and brain. This study aimed to assess all aspects of skin damages during COVID-19. The main causes of skin damages during the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences can be examined in four parts includingcutaneous manifestations that appear during COVID-19, drug reactions that occur during hospitalization or outpatient treatment of patients, skin damages resulting from over-washing or rinsing with inappropriate detergents, inappropriate use of personal protective equipment (e.g. protective eyewear, protective clothing, and gloves) and changes the course of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune, chronic and inflammatory underlying skin diseases. The rate of skin manifestations in patients with COVID-19 ranged from 1.8% to 20.4%, including vascular lesions (petechiae, purpura, lividoreticularis, pernio and chilblain lesions), urticaria and maculopapular rash, and other less common skin manifestations such as erythema multiforme, pityriasis rosea, suite syndrome were commonly seen in men aged 45 to 89 years. The distribution of the most lesions (69.4%) was in the body, but in 19% of cases, lesions were observed in the hands and feet. Patients with COVID-19 receive multiple anti-viral drugs, antibiotics and various anti-inflammatory drugs. Receiving these drugs led to cutaneous manifestations in some patients. Moreover, medical staff is prone to various traumatic skin conditions due to long-term use of personal protective equipment. These conditions included itching, redness, skin irritation, contact dermatitis, and worsening of underlying diseases. The effects of COVID-19 on the skin can be serious and long-lasting, and adequate treatment and supportive therapy can prevent lasting consequences and disability of the patient.
{"title":"Main Causes of Skin Damages during COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Hamid Molayi, S. Davoudi, Esmat Davoudi-Monfared","doi":"10.30491/TM.2021.252434.1185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/TM.2021.252434.1185","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) can affect multiple organs including the heart and blood vessels, kidneys, gut, and brain. This study aimed to assess all aspects of skin damages during COVID-19. The main causes of skin damages during the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences can be examined in four parts includingcutaneous manifestations that appear during COVID-19, drug reactions that occur during hospitalization or outpatient treatment of patients, skin damages resulting from over-washing or rinsing with inappropriate detergents, inappropriate use of personal protective equipment (e.g. protective eyewear, protective clothing, and gloves) and changes the course of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune, chronic and inflammatory underlying skin diseases. The rate of skin manifestations in patients with COVID-19 ranged from 1.8% to 20.4%, including vascular lesions (petechiae, purpura, lividoreticularis, pernio and chilblain lesions), urticaria and maculopapular rash, and other less common skin manifestations such as erythema multiforme, pityriasis rosea, suite syndrome were commonly seen in men aged 45 to 89 years. The distribution of the most lesions (69.4%) was in the body, but in 19% of cases, lesions were observed in the hands and feet. Patients with COVID-19 receive multiple anti-viral drugs, antibiotics and various anti-inflammatory drugs. Receiving these drugs led to cutaneous manifestations in some patients. Moreover, medical staff is prone to various traumatic skin conditions due to long-term use of personal protective equipment. These conditions included itching, redness, skin irritation, contact dermatitis, and worsening of underlying diseases. The effects of COVID-19 on the skin can be serious and long-lasting, and adequate treatment and supportive therapy can prevent lasting consequences and disability of the patient.","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76230320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30491/tm.2021.269218.1229
M. Arabi, S. N. Teymoordash
{"title":"Pregnant Women and COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"M. Arabi, S. N. Teymoordash","doi":"10.30491/tm.2021.269218.1229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/tm.2021.269218.1229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"39 1","pages":"61-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79291952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.30491/TM.2021.259645.1204
M. Moharrami, H. M. Anvari, L. Gheshlaghi, Behrooz Nazari
Background: Knee and hip replacement surgeries are associated with chronic postoperative pain, and since their management is a clinical challenge to nurses. Objective: The present meta-analysis aimed at investigating preoperative education for pain relief after the lower limb joint replacement surgery. Methods: Quasi-experimental studies and clinical trials of preoperative education for the management of pain after hip and knee replacement surgeries published in English were searched in the databases of Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. Results: Out of 209 articles retrieved, five were eligible to enter the meta-analysis. Based on the obtained results, the difference in the mean scores of pain on days 1, 2, and 3 after surgery in the intervention groups was lower than that of the control groups; however, the relationship was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Evidence from study results suggests that pre-THA and Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) training may not significantly reduce pain; However further studies are required.
背景:膝关节和髋关节置换术与慢性术后疼痛有关，并且由于其管理对护士来说是一个临床挑战。目的:本荟萃分析旨在探讨下肢关节置换术后疼痛缓解的术前教育。方法:检索Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、PubMed、Embase、Scopus等数据库中已发表的有关髋关节和膝关节置换术后疼痛管理的准实验研究和临床试验。结果:在检索到的209篇文章中，有5篇符合进入meta分析的条件。结果显示，干预组术后第1、2、3天疼痛平均评分差异均小于对照组;然而，这种关系在统计上是不显著的。结论:来自研究结果的证据表明，tha前和全膝关节置换术(TKA)训练可能不会显著减轻疼痛;然而，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Preoperative Education for Pain Relief after the Lower Limb Joint Replacement Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"M. Moharrami, H. M. Anvari, L. Gheshlaghi, Behrooz Nazari","doi":"10.30491/TM.2021.259645.1204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/TM.2021.259645.1204","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knee and hip replacement surgeries are associated with chronic postoperative pain, and since their management is a clinical challenge to nurses. Objective: The present meta-analysis aimed at investigating preoperative education for pain relief after the lower limb joint replacement surgery. Methods: Quasi-experimental studies and clinical trials of preoperative education for the management of pain after hip and knee replacement surgeries published in English were searched in the databases of Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. Results: Out of 209 articles retrieved, five were eligible to enter the meta-analysis. Based on the obtained results, the difference in the mean scores of pain on days 1, 2, and 3 after surgery in the intervention groups was lower than that of the control groups; however, the relationship was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Evidence from study results suggests that pre-THA and Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) training may not significantly reduce pain; However further studies are required.","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"25 1","pages":"52-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73983451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.30491/TM.2021.215315.1055
Roya Rezaeian, H. Moslemi, Mahmood Ahmadi Hamedani, S. G. Khaligh
Background: Fracture healing is important in medicine; thus seeking new techniques with fewer side effects to improve the speed of the healing is prudent. Objectives: This experimental study sought to assess the effect of the nano ostrich eggshell (N-OES) and hydroxyapatite (HA) composite on bone defect healing in rat calvaria. Methods: In this study, a 7-mm bone defect was created in the calvaria of 45 male Sprague–Dawley rats. The animals were randomly divided into three groups, and the defects in each group were filled with N-OES, HA, or as a control group. The animals were euthanized and histological and serological assessments were carried out at 14, 28 and 42 days after the operation. Results: At 14 and 28 days after the operation, in the edges of the defect, there was a significant difference between the treatment and control groups (p ≤ 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences between N-OES and HA treatment groups (p > 0.05). At this time, in the center of the defect, there was a statistically significant difference between the N-OES group with HA and control groups (p ≤ 0.05). On day 42, no significant difference in the edges of the defect was observed between all groups. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the center of the defect between the N-OES group with HA and control groups (p ≤ 0.05). Results of the serological assessment indicated that the applied treatments increased the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate the potential efficacy of nano ostrich eggshell as a bone substitute in rat calvaria defects.
{"title":"Comparison of the effect of Nano Ostrich Eggshell and Hydroxyapatite on Bone Defect Healing in Rat Calvaria","authors":"Roya Rezaeian, H. Moslemi, Mahmood Ahmadi Hamedani, S. G. Khaligh","doi":"10.30491/TM.2021.215315.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/TM.2021.215315.1055","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fracture healing is important in medicine; thus seeking new techniques with fewer side effects to improve the speed of the healing is prudent. \u0000Objectives: This experimental study sought to assess the effect of the nano ostrich eggshell (N-OES) and hydroxyapatite (HA) composite on bone defect healing in rat calvaria. \u0000Methods: In this study, a 7-mm bone defect was created in the calvaria of 45 male Sprague–Dawley rats. The animals were randomly divided into three groups, and the defects in each group were filled with N-OES, HA, or as a control group. The animals were euthanized and histological and serological assessments were carried out at 14, 28 and 42 days after the operation. \u0000Results: At 14 and 28 days after the operation, in the edges of the defect, there was a significant difference between the treatment and control groups (p ≤ 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences between N-OES and HA treatment groups (p > 0.05). At this time, in the center of the defect, there was a statistically significant difference between the N-OES group with HA and control groups (p ≤ 0.05). On day 42, no significant difference in the edges of the defect was observed between all groups. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the center of the defect between the N-OES group with HA and control groups (p ≤ 0.05). Results of the serological assessment indicated that the applied treatments increased the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase. \u0000Conclusions: The results of this study indicate the potential efficacy of nano ostrich eggshell as a bone substitute in rat calvaria defects.","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"36 1","pages":"236-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78048926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.30491/TM.2020.244740.1166
H. Safarpour, Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh, H. Soori, K. Lankarani, Z. Ghomian, R. Mohammadi
Background: Vision Zero is a public policy approach that aims to achieve a road traffic system with no fatalities or serious injuries caused by road traffic crashes (RTCs). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the history of Vision Zero's evolution and trends in road safety worldwide. Methods: This scoping review was conducted based on the Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute framework. This framework consists of five steps: research question identification; identifying relevant studies; selection of study; data charting; gathering, summarizing, and reporting the results. Results: Finally, 37 articles met the inclusion criteria. The trending of deaths caused by RTCs in the countries implementing Vision Zero shows a decline. There is an intercountry variation with the most substantial decrease in Sweden. Conclusion: Vision Zero has had an evolutionary development in many countries. Due to the significant impact of the implementation of Vision Zero, many countries are seeking to adopt or implement this approach. Although there are some challenges in implementing Vision Zero in different countries but based on its philosophy, there is a growing rate for implementing it in different settings.
{"title":"Vision Zero: Evolution History and Developing Trend in Road Safety: A Scoping Review","authors":"H. Safarpour, Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh, H. Soori, K. Lankarani, Z. Ghomian, R. Mohammadi","doi":"10.30491/TM.2020.244740.1166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/TM.2020.244740.1166","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vision Zero is a public policy approach that aims to achieve a road traffic system with no fatalities or serious injuries caused by road traffic crashes (RTCs). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the history of Vision Zero's evolution and trends in road safety worldwide. Methods: This scoping review was conducted based on the Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute framework. This framework consists of five steps: research question identification; identifying relevant studies; selection of study; data charting; gathering, summarizing, and reporting the results. Results: Finally, 37 articles met the inclusion criteria. The trending of deaths caused by RTCs in the countries implementing Vision Zero shows a decline. There is an intercountry variation with the most substantial decrease in Sweden. Conclusion: Vision Zero has had an evolutionary development in many countries. Due to the significant impact of the implementation of Vision Zero, many countries are seeking to adopt or implement this approach. Although there are some challenges in implementing Vision Zero in different countries but based on its philosophy, there is a growing rate for implementing it in different settings.","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"63 1","pages":"275-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74251335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.30491/TM.2021.229013.1106
E. Heidaranlu, F. Habibi, A. Moradi, Leila Lotfian
Background: Iran is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. Hospital readiness is important for providing services to patients in times of crisis and can be considered an important indicator in crisis management. Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the functional preparedness of selected military hospitals in response to tragedy and disasters. Methods: This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted in two AJA-military hospitals in Tehran in 2020. A random sampling method was used to select hospitals. A checklist of functional preparedness of hospitals in response to disasters was used to collect data. Data were analyzed and coded with SPSS software. Results: According to the results, the mean and standard deviation of the functional preparedness score for hospitals A and B were 86.17±4.24 and 81.76±10.52, respectively, and the total average score was 83.97±8.21, which indicated good conditions. The results of the independent t-test showed that there was no significant difference in the preparedness between the two studied hospitals (p=0.124). In hospital A, Recovery after Disaster, Increase capacity and Continuation of vital services and in hospital B, Support and Procurement Management, Continuation of vital services and Human resources areas had the lowest level of readiness. Conclusion: According to the results, the studied hospitals were weak in functional preparedness, and hence should be repaired and improved in this field.
{"title":"Determining Functional Preparedness of Selected Military Hospitals in Response to Disasters","authors":"E. Heidaranlu, F. Habibi, A. Moradi, Leila Lotfian","doi":"10.30491/TM.2021.229013.1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/TM.2021.229013.1106","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Iran is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. Hospital readiness is important for providing services to patients in times of crisis and can be considered an important indicator in crisis management. Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the functional preparedness of selected military hospitals in response to tragedy and disasters. Methods: This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted in two AJA-military hospitals in Tehran in 2020. A random sampling method was used to select hospitals. A checklist of functional preparedness of hospitals in response to disasters was used to collect data. Data were analyzed and coded with SPSS software. Results: According to the results, the mean and standard deviation of the functional preparedness score for hospitals A and B were 86.17±4.24 and 81.76±10.52, respectively, and the total average score was 83.97±8.21, which indicated good conditions. The results of the independent t-test showed that there was no significant difference in the preparedness between the two studied hospitals (p=0.124). In hospital A, Recovery after Disaster, Increase capacity and Continuation of vital services and in hospital B, Support and Procurement Management, Continuation of vital services and Human resources areas had the lowest level of readiness. Conclusion: According to the results, the studied hospitals were weak in functional preparedness, and hence should be repaired and improved in this field.","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"13 1","pages":"249-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85032144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.30491/TM.2021.264714.1217
A. Parandeh, H. Khoshmohabat
{"title":"Job Burnout and COVID-19 Pandemic among Intensive Care Nurses","authors":"A. Parandeh, H. Khoshmohabat","doi":"10.30491/TM.2021.264714.1217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/TM.2021.264714.1217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"103 1","pages":"234-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80417431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.30491/TM.2021.250469.1176
Behrooz Nazari, Leila Amani, Loghman Ghaderi, M. K. Gol
Background: Probiotics may have a role in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) by inhibiting the natural flora from transforming into pathogenic flora. Objective: Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotics on the prevalence of VAP in multitrauma patients hospitalized in a neurosurgical intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed between 2018 and 2019 with the participation of 150 patients hospitalized in theNeurosurgical ICU. After randomizing the participants (using the permutable blocking method) into the intervention (probiotic) and control (placebo) groups, the interventions were implemented. The participants received one capsule every 12 hours by gavage and their VAP symptoms were evaluated and recorded. Data were inputted into SPSS22 and then compared using the chi-square, independent t-test, Fisher's exact tests, and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The prevalence of VAP was significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group (p=0.001). A significant difference was observed between the two groups in pH (p=0.029) and WBC (p=0.042). The between-group difference was not significant in other variables. Conclusion: Probiotics are effective in reducing the prevalence of VAP in trauma patients hospitalized in ICU.
{"title":"Effects of Probiotics on Prevalence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Multitrauma Patients Hospitalized in Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Behrooz Nazari, Leila Amani, Loghman Ghaderi, M. K. Gol","doi":"10.30491/TM.2021.250469.1176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/TM.2021.250469.1176","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Probiotics may have a role in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) by inhibiting the natural flora from transforming into pathogenic flora. Objective: Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotics on the prevalence of VAP in multitrauma patients hospitalized in a neurosurgical intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed between 2018 and 2019 with the participation of 150 patients hospitalized in theNeurosurgical ICU. After randomizing the participants (using the permutable blocking method) into the intervention (probiotic) and control (placebo) groups, the interventions were implemented. The participants received one capsule every 12 hours by gavage and their VAP symptoms were evaluated and recorded. Data were inputted into SPSS22 and then compared using the chi-square, independent t-test, Fisher's exact tests, and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The prevalence of VAP was significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group (p=0.001). A significant difference was observed between the two groups in pH (p=0.029) and WBC (p=0.042). The between-group difference was not significant in other variables. Conclusion: Probiotics are effective in reducing the prevalence of VAP in trauma patients hospitalized in ICU.","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"90 1","pages":"262-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76704575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.30491/TM.2020.255724.1196
Iman Farahi-Ashtiani, Z. Ghomian, D. Pirani, Bayram Nejati-Zarnaqi
Background: The Cluster model is designed as a solution to promote humanitarian response management. This approach is used as an effective model for cooperation and participation of the relevant aid organizations. Objective: This study aimed to identify the type and method of humanitarian aid to support people affected by the Kermanshah earthquake and discuss the importance of the cluster approach in humanitarian response. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the data were collected in two steps. First, NEWS and national reports were reviewed and then scientific articles were reviewed for the use of cluster approach for humanitarian aids in disaster. Finally, the findings were compared with the cluster approach of humanitarian aid and analyzed gap and duplication issues in the humanitarian aid related to the Kermanshah earthquake. Results: Findings showed 308 pieces of NEWS and reports on humanitarian aid transmission were found, 38 % (33) of which were from government agencies and 62% from non-governmental institutes. A review of the NEWS agencies revealed that 150 non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and 33 government agencies had helped Kermanshah by sending financial and non-financial aids. Therefore, the cluster approach is necessary for improving humanitarian responses in developing countries, especially countries located in disaster-prone zones. Therefore, the cluster model can be used in the social donation and can be managed by volunteer organizations during disasters for collecting and transferring the donations. Conclusion: The Cluster model is designed as a solution to promote humanitarian response management. This approach is used as an effective model for cooperation and participation of the relevant aid organizations. There are currently 11 clusters including agriculture, camp management, rapid recovery, education, shelter, telecommunications, health, support, water and sanitation, nutrition, protection and health.
{"title":"Cluster Approach Model for Promoting Coordination in Humanitarian Aid; Following the Kermanshah Earthquake, Iran, 2017","authors":"Iman Farahi-Ashtiani, Z. Ghomian, D. Pirani, Bayram Nejati-Zarnaqi","doi":"10.30491/TM.2020.255724.1196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30491/TM.2020.255724.1196","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Cluster model is designed as a solution to promote humanitarian response management. This approach is used as an effective model for cooperation and participation of the relevant aid organizations. Objective: This study aimed to identify the type and method of humanitarian aid to support people affected by the Kermanshah earthquake and discuss the importance of the cluster approach in humanitarian response. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the data were collected in two steps. First, NEWS and national reports were reviewed and then scientific articles were reviewed for the use of cluster approach for humanitarian aids in disaster. Finally, the findings were compared with the cluster approach of humanitarian aid and analyzed gap and duplication issues in the humanitarian aid related to the Kermanshah earthquake. Results: Findings showed 308 pieces of NEWS and reports on humanitarian aid transmission were found, 38 % (33) of which were from government agencies and 62% from non-governmental institutes. A review of the NEWS agencies revealed that 150 non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and 33 government agencies had helped Kermanshah by sending financial and non-financial aids. Therefore, the cluster approach is necessary for improving humanitarian responses in developing countries, especially countries located in disaster-prone zones. Therefore, the cluster model can be used in the social donation and can be managed by volunteer organizations during disasters for collecting and transferring the donations. Conclusion: The Cluster model is designed as a solution to promote humanitarian response management. This approach is used as an effective model for cooperation and participation of the relevant aid organizations. There are currently 11 clusters including agriculture, camp management, rapid recovery, education, shelter, telecommunications, health, support, water and sanitation, nutrition, protection and health.","PeriodicalId":23249,"journal":{"name":"Trauma monthly","volume":"1410 1","pages":"254-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89271074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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