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The impact of on-street and off-street parking regulations on parking type choice 道路上和道路外停车规定对停车类型选择的影响
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2239214
Jelena Simićević, N. Milosavljevic
ABSTRACT In practice, parking regimes for different parking types (on-street, off-street and garage) are introduced independently, leading frequently to inefficient utilization. The aim of the paper is to show that in areas with different public parking types, integrated parking management is needed so as to utilize available capacities evenly. To demonstrate this, we determined the factors impacting parking type choice, and then the importance and intensity of parking measures thereon. Empirical data collected by interviewing on-street and off-street parking users were used to develop a binary logit model showing the most important parking type choice parameters: on-street time limitation, and on-street and off-street parking prices. Reduced time limitation was found to decrease on-street parking probability while increasing off-street parking probability. Also, price increase for one parking type reduced the probability of choosing that particular type and increased opting for alternative type. Moreover, a synergy effect of integrated parking management was demonstrated.
在实践中,不同停车类型(街内、街外和车库)的停车制度是独立引入的,经常导致低效利用。本文的目的是为了说明在不同公共停车类型的区域,需要进行综合停车管理,以均匀地利用可用容量。为了证明这一点,我们确定了影响停车类型选择的因素,然后确定了停车措施的重要性和强度。通过对街道内和街道外停车用户的访谈数据,建立了一个二元logit模型,该模型显示了最重要的停车类型选择参数:街道内停车时间限制、街道内和街道外停车价格。时间限制的降低降低了路边停车概率,增加了路边停车概率。此外,一种停车类型的价格上涨降低了选择该特定类型的可能性,并增加了选择其他类型的可能性。此外,研究还证明了停车场综合管理的协同效应。
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引用次数: 0
Meta-Heuristic for inserting a robust train path in a non-cyclic timetable 在非循环时刻表中插入稳健列车路径的元启发式算法
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-26 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2239208
William Erlandson, C. H. Häll, A. Peterson, Christiane Schmidt
ABSTRACT Many freight trains depart Swedish marshalling yards before or after their planned departure times. Today, a deviating departure time is allowed if no conflicting train path can be found a few stations ahead. This increases the risk that the train might be delayed to its destination and cause delays to other trains. We present a meta-heuristic that modifies a timetable by adding a train path (for our freight train) and, if necessary, adjusting surrounding train paths. The aim of the insertion of the additional train path and the adjustments of the existing ones is to obtain a large bottleneck robustness, that is, the largest possible minimal temporal distance to any other train in the timetable. We provide experimental results for a Swedish railway stretch with a non-cyclic timetable and heterogeneous traffic. We show that we quickly add a train path, while improving the robustness of the timetable.
许多货运列车在计划发车时间之前或之后离开瑞典编组站。今天,如果在前面几个车站找不到冲突的列车路线,则允许偏离发车时间。这增加了列车可能延误到达目的地并导致其他列车延误的风险。我们提出了一种元启发式方法,通过添加列车路径(用于我们的货运列车)来修改时间表,并在必要时调整周围的列车路径。新增列车路径和调整现有列车路径的目的是获得较大的瓶颈鲁棒性,即与时刻表上任何其他列车的时间距离尽可能小。我们提供了非循环时刻表和异质交通的瑞典铁路路段的实验结果。我们表明,我们快速添加了列车路径,同时提高了时间表的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 1
Integrating built environment and parking policy for car commuting reduction: evidence from Beijing 整合建筑环境和停车政策以减少汽车通勤:来自北京的证据
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2239236
Xiaoquan Wang, Chaoying Yin, Changjiang Zheng, Yang Shen, C. Shao
ABSTRACT Built environment (BE) planning and parking policy are two major strategies for restricting car use. However, researchers usually explore the independent associations of BE and parking policy with the use of the car in commuting, and most earlier studies are limited to investigating the benefits of integrating them. This study adopts a machine learning approach to explore the associations of home and workplace BE features and parking policy with the use of the car in commuting and whether the associations of BE features are moderated by parking policy. Results suggest that workplace BE features have larger collective contributions to the use of the car in commuting than home BE features. All BE features have nonlinear associations with the use of the car in commuting, and the nonlinear patterns differ across home and workplace neighborhoods. Moreover, free parking and parking convenience have significant moderating effects on the connection between BE and the use of the car in commuting. Thus, planning practitioners and policy makers should highlight the importance of coordinating BE planning and policy making to restrict the use of the car in commuting.
建筑环境规划和停车政策是限制汽车使用的两大策略。然而,研究人员通常会探索BE和停车政策与通勤中汽车使用的独立联系,而大多数早期研究仅限于调查将它们结合起来的好处。本研究采用机器学习方法探讨家庭和工作场所BE特征和停车政策与通勤汽车使用的关联,以及停车政策是否调节BE特征的关联。结果表明,工作场所BE特征比家庭BE特征对通勤中汽车的使用有更大的集体贡献。所有BE特征都与通勤中汽车的使用存在非线性关联,并且这种非线性模式在家庭和工作场所社区之间有所不同。此外,免费停车和停车便利对BE与通勤汽车使用的联系有显著的调节作用。因此,规划从业者和政策制定者应该强调协调BE规划和政策制定的重要性,以限制汽车在通勤中的使用。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the spatial differences in travel mode choice of rail transit in Chongqing 重庆市轨道交通出行方式选择的空间差异研究
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2228301
Lixun Liu, A. Dennett, R. Hickman
ABSTRACT People’s use of the rail transit system varies over space. Previous literature suggests there is a social equity dimension in the distribution of benefits from new urban transit systems, but how this varies spatially is poorly evidenced. The research aims to examine the spatial differences in the use of rail transit and associated transport equity. Using a case study of Chongqing, a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model is used to reveal the spatial variation in parameter estimates, complementing the traditional multivariate global model. The analysis demonstrates the effect of rail transit in facilitating people’s travel and mitigating transport-related social inequity, including for those with mobility disadvantages and living in areas with poor access to public transport. The results emphasise the necessity of associated development strategies and transport policies in favour of socially disadvantaged groups, such as low fare levels. Implications for planning interventions are proposed based on the model results.
人们对轨道交通系统的使用因地而异。以前的文献表明,在新的城市交通系统的利益分配中存在社会公平的维度,但这在空间上是如何变化的却很少得到证明。本研究旨在探讨轨道交通使用和相关交通公平的空间差异。以重庆市为例,利用地理加权回归(GWR)模型揭示了参数估计的空间变异,对传统的多元全局模型进行了补充。分析表明,轨道交通在便利人们出行和缓解与交通相关的社会不平等方面的作用,包括对那些交通不便和生活在公共交通不便地区的人。研究结果强调,有必要制定有利于社会弱势群体的相关发展战略和交通政策,例如低票价。根据模型结果提出了规划干预措施的含义。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of headway and bus stop spacing for low demand bus routes 低需求公交线路车头距与车站间距优化
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2231429
Sushreeta Mishra, Babak Mehran, P. Sahu
ABSTRACT We propose a methodology for optimization of service headway and stop spacing along a low-demand bus route that minimizes operator and user costs. This study develops analytical cost models that are representative of low-demand routes by using negative binomial distribution for passenger demand for boarding and alighting pattern to estimate the probability of stopping and both random and planned arrival of passengers are considered to estimate the waiting time. Pareto optimal solutions obtained using multi-objective evolutionary algorithm, NSGA-II indicate that optimal values of headway and stop spacing are underestimated if optimized based on assumptions typical of high-demand routes which is passenger demand for boarding and alighting at bus stops randomly following a Poisson process. With the aid of the study methodology, transit planners will be able to improve the service utilization and passenger accessibility along an under-performing low demand routes by recommending minimal modifications to the existing route and bus schedule.
摘要:本文提出了一种优化低需求公交线路车头距和停车间距的方法,以最大限度地降低运营商和用户的成本。本文利用乘客需求的负二项分布对上下车模式估计停车概率,同时考虑随机到达和计划到达的乘客来估计等待时间,建立了具有代表性的低需求路线的分析成本模型。利用NSGA-II多目标进化算法得到的Pareto最优解表明,基于公交车站随机上下客需求高需求路线的典型假设,按照泊松过程进行优化时,车头时距和停车间距的最优值被低估。在研究方法的帮助下,交通规划者将能够通过建议对现有路线和公交时刻表进行最小限度的修改,提高服务利用率和乘客可达性。
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引用次数: 0
Communication and mobility issues of visually impaired pedestrians with connected autonomous vehicles 视障行人与联网自动驾驶汽车的沟通和移动问题
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2230969
Sina Azizi Soldouz, Md Sami Hasnine, M. Sukhai, Khandker Nurul Habib
ABSTRACT This paper presents an econometric modelling framework to unravel the communication and mobility issues of visually impaired pedestrians in the context of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). The research uses a dataset collected through a tailor-made stated-preference survey given to visually impaired pedestrians and provides evidence-based recommendations on communication techniques. The recommendations are based on the findings of a structural equation model (SEM) estimated using the survey data. The latent factors ‘safety and security’ and ‘importance of hearing’ are generated using a confirmatory factor analysis embedded in the SEM. The results from the model show that these two factors have negative influences on how much a visually impaired pedestrian trusts the use of CAVs.
本文提出了一个计量经济模型框架,以揭示视障行人在联网自动驾驶汽车(cav)背景下的沟通和移动问题。该研究使用了一项针对视障行人的量身定制的陈述偏好调查收集的数据集,并提供了基于证据的沟通技巧建议。这些建议是基于使用调查数据估计的结构方程模型(SEM)的结果。潜在因素“安全和保障”和“听力的重要性”是使用嵌入在扫描电镜中的验证性因素分析生成的。模型结果表明,这两个因素对视障行人对自动驾驶汽车使用的信任程度有负向影响。
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引用次数: 0
A conceptualization of the spatial relationship associated with school-related crashes: a case study in Northwest Florida 与学校事故相关的空间关系的概念化:佛罗里达州西北部的案例研究
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2229306
Mohammadreza Koloushani, M. Ghorbanzadeh, E. Ozguven, Alireza Ermagun
ABSTRACT This research examines whether the distance between school locations and the Central Business District (CBD) is related to crash hotspots by employing spatial-statistical methods to cluster school-aged children involved in crashes. The findings indicate that (i) severe school-related crashes are significantly clustered away from the CBD as opposed to minor school-related crashes and (ii) severe crashes are more likely to happen around the schools despite the fact that estimated vehicle speeds at the time of crashes are lower in the vicinity of the nearest associated school. This helps identify locations adjacent to schools that pose a higher risk and offers transportation authority’s insight into the effectiveness of safety countermeasures within school zones.
摘要本研究采用空间统计方法对涉及交通事故的学龄儿童进行聚类,探讨学校所在地与中央商务区(CBD)之间的距离是否与交通事故热点有关。研究结果表明:(1)与学校相关的严重交通事故明显集中在远离CBD的地方,而不是与学校相关的轻微交通事故;(2)严重交通事故更有可能发生在学校附近,尽管在最近的相关学校附近发生交通事故时的估计车速较低。这有助于识别学校附近的高风险地点,并为交通部门提供对学校区域内安全对策有效性的洞察。
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引用次数: 0
Lane-based analysis of the saturation flow rate considering traffic composition 考虑交通构成的基于车道的饱和流率分析
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2214144
A. Mohammad, Hazem M. Al Nawaiseh, Wael K. M. Alhajyaseen, Charitha Dias, Babak Mehran
ABSTRACT Saturation flow rate (SFR) is an essential metric for estimating the capacities of signalized intersections. Many factors, including traffic composition, configuration and geometry of the intersection, and driver behavior, which is typically characterized by social and cultural norms, influence SFR. Most of the previous studies estimated the SFR and adjustment factor to be applied independently without considering the interaction impact between influencing factors. This study aims to empirically examine the influence of the number of lanes, the heavy vehicle proportions, and their interaction effect on the SFR of through movements. A new model was developed to magnify the HV Impact on SFR value considering the number of lanes at the upstream approach. The outcome of this study helps to improve the multiplicative model’s structure for SFRs adjustment factors. Adopting the outcome of this study by the responsible transport authority would optimize the road infrastructure provision.
饱和流率(SFR)是估计信号交叉口通行能力的重要指标。影响SFR的因素很多,包括交通构成、十字路口的配置和几何形状,以及驾驶员的行为,这些都具有典型的社会和文化规范特征。以往的研究大多估计SFR和调整因子是独立应用的,没有考虑影响因子之间的交互影响。本研究旨在实证检验车道数、重型车辆比例及其交互作用对穿越运动SFR的影响。在考虑上游通道数的情况下,建立了放大高压对SFR值影响的新模型。本文的研究结果有助于完善SFRs调整因子的乘法模型结构。由负责的运输当局采纳这项研究的结果,可优化道路基础设施的供应。
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引用次数: 0
Improving service qualities of cyclic line plans considering heterogeneous passenger origin-destination (OD) flow groups 考虑异质客流群的循环线路规划服务质量改进
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2226117
Huaibin Hu, Y. Yue, Huiling Fu, Jiaxi Li
ABSTRACT Cyclic train services provide huge conveniences to passengers. This work aims to fix one vital promise in major line planning studies that passengers were homogeneous. In fact, passengers’ rail travel expectations are heterogeneous. But those heterogeneities show common needs correlating with travel distances and defined station levels. Therefore, we cluster passenger heterogeneities into divided OD groups, extend service qualities, and add more train line factors to our line planning model. Cyclic line plan from this joint optimisation not only receives service quality improvements but also provides multiple train service types to match clustered OD groups. Moreover, we allow passengers to be served by different train service types, deliver a high level of direct services, and maintain the minimum operation cost. We compare concluded line plans with the results of the generic line planning model and the real-world line plan to show our solution advantages.
循环列车服务为旅客提供了极大的便利。这项工作旨在解决主要线路规划研究中的一个重要承诺,即乘客是同质的。事实上,乘客对铁路旅行的期望是不同的。但这些异质性显示了与旅行距离和确定的车站水平相关的共同需求。因此,我们将乘客异质性聚类到不同的OD组中,扩展服务质量,并在我们的线路规划模型中加入更多的列车线路因素。这种联合优化的循环线路规划不仅提高了服务质量,而且提供了多种列车服务类型来匹配集群OD组。此外,我们可为旅客提供不同类型的列车服务,提供高水平的直接服务,并维持最低的营运成本。我们将总结的线路规划与通用线路规划模型和实际线路规划的结果进行比较,以显示我们的解决方案的优势。
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引用次数: 0
Does e-shopping increase walking time willingness to reach in-store locations? Exploring the spatial effects 网上购物是否增加了到达实体店的步行时间?探索空间效应
IF 1.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2023.2229309
Aldo Arranz-López, J. A. Soria-lara, M. Dijst, H. Omrani
ABSTRACT The studies analyzing the relationships between e-shopping and transport mostly ignore the effects in active mobility. This paper complements current research by studying how e-shopping affects individual walking time willingness to reach daily and non-daily retail opportunities, taking the city of Zaragoza, Spain as a case study. First, a questionnaire is administered, followed by a generalised ordered logit regression model analysis. Then, a gravity-based model is used to compare present walking accessibility levels to retail with an exploratory 2030 scenario based on the regression results. The results indicate a positive association between the frequency of e-shopping and the individual time willingness to reach daily and non-daily retail on foot. They also show that high-educated people tend to have lower time-willingness to reach both types of retail. For non-daily retail, women shopping online are more likely to spend more time on walking, while having children under 12 years old and having a car are negatively associated with walking time-willingness. The exploratory 2030 scenario shows a relevant increase of walking accessibility to daily and non-daily retail. The paper closes with a discussion on how the obtained findings can provide guidelines to improve policies that promote walking and active lifestyles.
分析电子购物与交通关系的研究大多忽略了对主动出行的影响。本文以西班牙萨拉戈萨市为例,研究了电子购物如何影响个人步行时间意愿,以达到日常和非日常零售机会。首先,进行问卷调查,然后进行广义有序logit回归模型分析。然后,利用基于重力的模型,将目前的步行可达性水平与基于回归结果的2030年探索性情景进行比较。结果表明,电子购物频率与个人步行到达日常和非日常零售的时间意愿呈正相关。他们还表明,受过高等教育的人往往没有足够的时间和意愿去接触这两种类型的零售。对于非日常零售,网购女性更有可能花费更多的时间在步行上,而有12岁以下的孩子和有车与步行时间意愿呈负相关。探索性2030情景显示,日常和非日常零售的步行可达性相关增加。论文最后讨论了所获得的发现如何为改善促进步行和积极生活方式的政策提供指导。
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引用次数: 0
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Transportation Planning and Technology
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