The microbiota of winter wheat seeds from the North-East of Ukraine was studied by a biological method. Its considerable variability is established over three years (2017–2019). The effect of the treatment agents on most microorganisms of wheat seed microbiota in Ukraine, rather than on its genera and species, is shown. It has been proven that fungicides deleted some species and did not affect the development of others. Chemicals replaced some species or genera of fungi with others or even other microorganisms. Biological seed treatment (Phytosporin-M) has caused less microbiota change than chemical treatment (Maxim 0.25 FS, Rostock, Kinto Duo). Fungicides have replaced the dominance of Alternaria spp. (2017 – 57.8%, 2018 – 63.5%) for the dominance of yeast (Rostock – 54%) and Aureobasidium pullulans (Maxim 0.25 FS – 84.2%) in 2017, bacteria (Maxim 0.25 FS – 72.3%, Rostock – 53.8%) – in 2018. A. pullulans dominated in the microbiota of winter wheat seeds in 2019. The highest amount of A. pullulans was noted for the treatment of seeds by Phytosporin-M (85.9%). The biological seed treatment reduced the amount of Nigrospora spp. and Alternaria spp. Several times (3 and 5, respectively), chemical agents did not give Nigrospora spp. germination reduced the amount of A. pullulans, Alternaria spp. in 2019. Maxim 0.25 FS, Rostock 50%, and Kinto Duo delayed seed germination and seedling development on agar medium and soil, whereas Phytosporin-M – on the contrary, promoted the growth of seedlings and significantly exceeded control. Keywords: seed microbiota, winter wheat, seed treatment, seed-borne fungi, fungicides References Adhikari, P., Khatri-Chhetri, G., Shrestha, S., & Marahatta, S. (2016). Study on prevalence of mycoflora in wheat seeds. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 4 (1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v4i1.31-35.509 Adhikari, P., Khatri-Chhetri, G., Shrestha, S., & Marahatta, S. (2018). In-vitro study on prevalence of mycoflora in wheat seeds. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, 33, 27–34. https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v33i0.20679 Andersen, B. Nielsen, K.F., Fernandez, P.V, & Patriarca, A. (2015).Characterization of Alternaria strains from Argentinean blueberry, tomato, walnut and wheat. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 196, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.11.029 Bankina, B., Bimsteine, G., Neusa-Luca, I., Roga, A., & Fridmanis, D. (2017). What influences the composition of fungi in wheat grains? ActaAgrobotanica, 70(4), 1726. https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.1726 Baybakova, E.V., Nefed'eva, E.E., & Belopukhov, S.L. (2016). Assessment of the influence of modern protectants on the germination of seeds and growth of seedlings of grain crops. Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, 6(3), 57–64 (in Russian).
{"title":"Influence of seed treatment on microbiota and development of winter wheat seedlings","authors":"T. Rozhkova, S. Stankevych, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2021_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2021_8","url":null,"abstract":"The microbiota of winter wheat seeds from the North-East of Ukraine was studied by a biological method. Its considerable variability is established over three years (2017–2019). The effect of the treatment agents on most microorganisms of wheat seed microbiota in Ukraine, rather than on its genera and species, is shown. It has been proven that fungicides deleted some species and did not affect the development of others. Chemicals replaced some species or genera of fungi with others or even other microorganisms. Biological seed treatment (Phytosporin-M) has caused less microbiota change than chemical treatment (Maxim 0.25 FS, Rostock, Kinto Duo). Fungicides have replaced the dominance of Alternaria spp. (2017 – 57.8%, 2018 – 63.5%) for the dominance of yeast (Rostock – 54%) and Aureobasidium pullulans (Maxim 0.25 FS – 84.2%) in 2017, bacteria (Maxim 0.25 FS – 72.3%, Rostock – 53.8%) – in 2018. A. pullulans dominated in the microbiota of winter wheat seeds in 2019. The highest amount of A. pullulans was noted for the treatment of seeds by Phytosporin-M (85.9%). The biological seed treatment reduced the amount of Nigrospora spp. and Alternaria spp. Several times (3 and 5, respectively), chemical agents did not give Nigrospora spp. germination reduced the amount of A. pullulans, Alternaria spp. in 2019. Maxim 0.25 FS, Rostock 50%, and Kinto Duo delayed seed germination and seedling development on agar medium and soil, whereas Phytosporin-M – on the contrary, promoted the growth of seedlings and significantly exceeded control. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: seed microbiota, winter wheat, seed treatment, seed-borne fungi, fungicides \u0000 \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000Adhikari, P., Khatri-Chhetri, G., Shrestha, S., & Marahatta, S. (2016). Study on prevalence of mycoflora in wheat seeds. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 4 (1), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v4i1.31-35.509 \u0000 \u0000Adhikari, P., Khatri-Chhetri, G., Shrestha, S., & Marahatta, S. (2018). In-vitro study on prevalence of mycoflora in wheat seeds. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, 33, 27–34. https://doi.org/10.3126/jiaas.v33i0.20679 \u0000 \u0000Andersen, B. Nielsen, K.F., Fernandez, P.V, & Patriarca, A. (2015).Characterization of Alternaria strains from Argentinean blueberry, tomato, walnut and wheat. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 196, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.11.029 \u0000 \u0000Bankina, B., Bimsteine, G., Neusa-Luca, I., Roga, A., & Fridmanis, D. (2017). What influences the composition of fungi in wheat grains? ActaAgrobotanica, 70(4), 1726. https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.1726 \u0000 \u0000Baybakova, E.V., Nefed'eva, E.E., & Belopukhov, S.L. (2016). Assessment of the influence of modern protectants on the germination of seeds and growth of seedlings of grain crops. Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, 6(3), 57–64 (in Russian).","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"55-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41460786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The complex of cruciferous bugs includes such species as painted or harlequin (cabbage) bug (Eurydema ventralis Kol), pentatomid rape bug (E. oleraracea L.), and mustard bug (E. ornata L.). They belong to a line Hemiptera, the family Shield bugs (Pentatomidae), and the genus Cruciferous bugs (Eurydema). The dominant species is the cabbage bug. The mustard bug dominated only in 2007, and since 2012 it has not been detected in the records. They are widespread throughout the whole territory of Ukraine. Both adult bugs and larvae damage the crops; they pierce the leaf skin or floriferous shoots with the proboscis and suck out the juice. The light spots appear at the puncture points, the tissue dies, falls out, and the irregular form holes are formed. When the seeds are damaged, the flowers and ovary fall off, and the seeds' quality deteriorates. The harmfulness of the bugs increases dramatically in dry and hot weather. We found out that the largest number of wintering bugs was concentrated in the forest belts, near which there were the crops of spring oilseeds and cabbage plants and the seeds of white cabbage. The density of wintering imagines of the cabbage bug was 1.7–4.4 specimens/m², and the density of the rape bug was 0.9–2.3 specimens/m² of the forest floor. In the first turn, the wintered bugs' imagines populated the cabbage seeds as a trap crop, and then they populated the sprouts of spring rape and mustard. The density of the cruciferous bugs on the seeds of white cabbage of Kharkivska 105 variety was 19.0-30.7 specimens per plant at the beginning of the populating of spring oilseed cabbage crops at the Educational, Research and Production Centre "Research Field" of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokuchaiev (Ukraine). The maximum density of the cruciferous bugs in the phenophase of the yellow bud on the crops of spring oilseed cabbage plants was the following: 4.5±1.45 specimens/m² of the cabbage bug was found on spring rape of Ataman variety, 4.0±1.83 specimens/m² on white mustard of Carolina variety and 3.5±2.65 specimens/m² on Chinese mustard of Tavrychanka variety; and the density of the rape bug was 0.7±0.23, 0.5±0.23 and 0.5±0.3 specimens/m² respectively. The maximum density of the cruciferous bugs in the phenophase of the yellow bud on spring rape of Ataman variety was 6.0±0.9 specimens/m², on white mustard of Carolina variety it was 5.7±0.85, on Chinese mustard of Tavrychanka variety, the average density was 5.3±0.9 specimens/m² at the state enterprise "Research Farm "Elitne" (Ukraine). The highest number of cabbage and rape bugs at a density of 22.3–30.7 specimens/plant is concentrated on the seeds of white cabbage plants at noon, and the lowest number of them was found at 8.00 AM, and the density was 17.9–28.5 specimens/plant. The maximum density of 51-60 specimens/plant was at noon. We found out that the beginning of populating spring rape of Ataman variety by the bugs that occurred in the phenophases of 3−4
{"title":"Species ratio in the complex of the cruciferous bugs and seasonal dynamics of the population number","authors":"S. Bondarenko, S. Stankevych, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2021_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2021_6","url":null,"abstract":"The complex of cruciferous bugs includes such species as painted or harlequin (cabbage) bug (Eurydema ventralis Kol), pentatomid rape bug (E. oleraracea L.), and mustard bug (E. ornata L.). They belong to a line Hemiptera, the family Shield bugs (Pentatomidae), and the genus Cruciferous bugs (Eurydema). The dominant species is the cabbage bug. The mustard bug dominated only in 2007, and since 2012 it has not been detected in the records. They are widespread throughout the whole territory of Ukraine. Both adult bugs and larvae damage the crops; they pierce the leaf skin or floriferous shoots with the proboscis and suck out the juice. The light spots appear at the puncture points, the tissue dies, falls out, and the irregular form holes are formed. When the seeds are damaged, the flowers and ovary fall off, and the seeds' quality deteriorates. The harmfulness of the bugs increases dramatically in dry and hot weather. We found out that the largest number of wintering bugs was concentrated in the forest belts, near which there were the crops of spring oilseeds and cabbage plants and the seeds of white cabbage. The density of wintering imagines of the cabbage bug was 1.7–4.4 specimens/m², and the density of the rape bug was 0.9–2.3 specimens/m² of the forest floor. In the first turn, the wintered bugs' imagines populated the cabbage seeds as a trap crop, and then they populated the sprouts of spring rape and mustard. The density of the cruciferous bugs on the seeds of white cabbage of Kharkivska 105 variety was 19.0-30.7 specimens per plant at the beginning of the populating of spring oilseed cabbage crops at the Educational, Research and Production Centre \"Research Field\" of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokuchaiev (Ukraine). The maximum density of the cruciferous bugs in the phenophase of the yellow bud on the crops of spring oilseed cabbage plants was the following: 4.5±1.45 specimens/m² of the cabbage bug was found on spring rape of Ataman variety, 4.0±1.83 specimens/m² on white mustard of Carolina variety and 3.5±2.65 specimens/m² on Chinese mustard of Tavrychanka variety; and the density of the rape bug was 0.7±0.23, 0.5±0.23 and 0.5±0.3 specimens/m² respectively. The maximum density of the cruciferous bugs in the phenophase of the yellow bud on spring rape of Ataman variety was 6.0±0.9 specimens/m², on white mustard of Carolina variety it was 5.7±0.85, on Chinese mustard of Tavrychanka variety, the average density was 5.3±0.9 specimens/m² at the state enterprise \"Research Farm \"Elitne\" (Ukraine). The highest number of cabbage and rape bugs at a density of 22.3–30.7 specimens/plant is concentrated on the seeds of white cabbage plants at noon, and the lowest number of them was found at 8.00 AM, and the density was 17.9–28.5 specimens/plant. The maximum density of 51-60 specimens/plant was at noon. We found out that the beginning of populating spring rape of Ataman variety by the bugs that occurred in the phenophases of 3−4","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"38-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48395705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Polyakov, L. Karpuk, I. Prymak, A. Pavlichenko, V. M. Karaulna, L. V. Yezerkovksa, R. Kulyk, S. S. Shokh
We presented the analysis of water consumption, growth, and development of maize hybrids depending on crops and fertilizer density. We conducted our research under Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University (Ukraine) educational and production center conditions in 2017-2019. During the active growing season of corn plants (June), moisture reserves in the 0-20 cm layer of the soil decrease to the level of unsatisfactory, and the plants experience a lack of moisture. Although, as results of defining moisture stocks in 0-100 cm layer of soil show, plants begin to assimilate it in the third ten-day period of May actively, and there is a sharp transition to good moisture stocks in the first ten-day period of June and to poor ones in the second and third ten-day periods of June. Cultivation of maize hybrids with FAO over 400 in unstable moisture conditions is quite risky because plants experience a significant lack of moisture in periods of their active growth and development. We have proved that at the density of crops within 55000/ha, the highest coefficients of water consumption were observed compared to plant densities of 65000 and 75000/ha. At hybrid DO Pivikha, the difference between average values of coefficient of water consumption at densities of crops 65000 and 75000/ha, was 25.5 and 46.75 m3/t, at hybrid DO ORLIK – 14.25 and 41.0 m3/t and at hybrid DO SARMAT respectively 17.5 and 39.0 m3/t. We found that the mineral system of fertilization compared with the organic-mineral and organic promotes water consumption growth per unit production in DN Pivikha by 4-15 m3/t, in DN ORLIK by 1-7 m3/t, and in DN SARMAT by 7-15 m3/t. The obtained patterns, for the most part, do not exceed the value of NIR0.05. In general, the duration of the growing season of the plants of the hybrid DO Pivikha was 109 days, and the hybrid DO ORLIK was 122, and the hybrid DO SARMAT was 129 days. These hybrids were in optimal conditions for growth and development and met the declared values of FAO, since for PO Pivikha, the limits of the optimal duration of the vegetation period were determined as 107-115 days, for the hybrid DO ORLIK - 120-125, and for the hybrid DO SARMAT - 128-130 days. Keywords: maize, varietal characteristics, plant growth and development, water consumption, similarity, seeding density References Barlog P., Frckowiak-Pawlak K. (2008). Effect of Mineral Fertilization on Yield of Maize Cultivars Differing in Maturity Scale. Acta Sci. Pol. Agricultura, 7(5), 5-17. Belov J.V. (2018). Directions of optimization of corn cultivation technologies under climate change. Bulletin of Agrarian Science of the Black Sea Coast. Mykolaiv, 4, 74–81. Ermantraut E.R., Prysyazhnyuk O.I., Shevchenko I.L. (2007). Statistical analysis of agronomic research data in the package Statistica - 6. Guidelines. Kyiv (in Ukrainian). Kalinova, St., Kostadinova S., Hristoskov A. (2014). Nitrogen use efficiency and maize yield response to nitrogen rete and foliar fer
{"title":"Influence of seeding density and fertilizing on water consumption, growth and development of maize hybrids","authors":"V. Polyakov, L. Karpuk, I. Prymak, A. Pavlichenko, V. M. Karaulna, L. V. Yezerkovksa, R. Kulyk, S. S. Shokh","doi":"10.15421/2020_305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_305","url":null,"abstract":"We presented the analysis of water consumption, growth, and development of maize hybrids depending on crops and fertilizer density. We conducted our research under Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University (Ukraine) educational and production center conditions in 2017-2019. During the active growing season of corn plants (June), moisture reserves in the 0-20 cm layer of the soil decrease to the level of unsatisfactory, and the plants experience a lack of moisture. Although, as results of defining moisture stocks in 0-100 cm layer of soil show, plants begin to assimilate it in the third ten-day period of May actively, and there is a sharp transition to good moisture stocks in the first ten-day period of June and to poor ones in the second and third ten-day periods of June. Cultivation of maize hybrids with FAO over 400 in unstable moisture conditions is quite risky because plants experience a significant lack of moisture in periods of their active growth and development. We have proved that at the density of crops within 55000/ha, the highest coefficients of water consumption were observed compared to plant densities of 65000 and 75000/ha. At hybrid DO Pivikha, the difference between average values of coefficient of water consumption at densities of crops 65000 and 75000/ha, was 25.5 and 46.75 m3/t, at hybrid DO ORLIK – 14.25 and 41.0 m3/t and at hybrid DO SARMAT respectively 17.5 and 39.0 m3/t. We found that the mineral system of fertilization compared with the organic-mineral and organic promotes water consumption growth per unit production in DN Pivikha by 4-15 m3/t, in DN ORLIK by 1-7 m3/t, and in DN SARMAT by 7-15 m3/t. The obtained patterns, for the most part, do not exceed the value of NIR0.05. In general, the duration of the growing season of the plants of the hybrid DO Pivikha was 109 days, and the hybrid DO ORLIK was 122, and the hybrid DO SARMAT was 129 days. These hybrids were in optimal conditions for growth and development and met the declared values of FAO, since for PO Pivikha, the limits of the optimal duration of the vegetation period were determined as 107-115 days, for the hybrid DO ORLIK - 120-125, and for the hybrid DO SARMAT - 128-130 days. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: maize, varietal characteristics, plant growth and development, water consumption, similarity, seeding density \u0000 \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000Barlog P., Frckowiak-Pawlak K. (2008). Effect of Mineral Fertilization on Yield of Maize Cultivars Differing in Maturity Scale. Acta Sci. Pol. Agricultura, 7(5), 5-17. \u0000 \u0000Belov J.V. (2018). Directions of optimization of corn cultivation technologies under climate change. Bulletin of Agrarian Science of the Black Sea Coast. Mykolaiv, 4, 74–81. \u0000 \u0000Ermantraut E.R., Prysyazhnyuk O.I., Shevchenko I.L. (2007). Statistical analysis of agronomic research data in the package Statistica - 6. Guidelines. Kyiv (in Ukrainian). \u0000 \u0000Kalinova, St., Kostadinova S., Hristoskov A. (2014). Nitrogen use efficiency and maize yield response to nitrogen rete and foliar fer","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"32-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47305462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Savchuk, S. Kovaliova, V. Stepanenko, O. Melnychuk
The study is devoted to the substantiation of the use of grain mixtures with different amounts of triticale in the diets of store pigs of large white breeds and to determine their impact on the quality and safety of pig products during its production in III zone of radioactive contamination caused by the Chernobyl accident. Based on the study, fodder grain mixtures for fattening of store pigs in Ukrainian Polissia have been developed. These mixtures make it possible to replace partially or entirely wheat with triticale in the diets of animals. It has been found that when 20-40% (by weight) of wheat groats in the grain mixture is replaced with a similar amount of triticale groats, the concentration of radiocaesium in muscle tissue of pigs in the experimental groups reduces by 9.6-9.8 Bq/kg or 30.7-31.3% compared to the control group. At the same time, the multiplicity of accumulation of 137Cs in the musculus longissimus dorsi of piglets was 0.233-0.325 and was higher by 4.2-39.5% in animals which received grain mixture No. 1 without triticale, compared with the use of grain mixtures No. 2 and No. 3 (20-40 % of triticale by weight). The concentration of Pb, Cu, and Zn in the products of experimental store pigs was significantly lower than MAC, while the level of contamination of muscle tissue (groups I and II) and liver (groups I and III) with Cd exceeded the regulatory requirements by 2.0-2.4 times and by 24.7-28.7%, respectively. Replacement of 20-40% (by weight) of wheat groats in the grain mixture with a similar amount of triticale groats for fattening store pigs in III zone of radioactive contamination contributed to a much smaller transition of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn into musculus longissimus dorsi – by 3.27 (group III), 0.55-8.96, 1.15-1.27 and 0.52-7.86% absolute), respectively.
{"title":"Triticale diets and pork quality in the zone of radioactive contamination","authors":"I. Savchuk, S. Kovaliova, V. Stepanenko, O. Melnychuk","doi":"10.15421/2020_3011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_3011","url":null,"abstract":"The study is devoted to the substantiation of the use of grain mixtures with different amounts of triticale in the diets of store pigs of large white breeds and to determine their impact on the quality and safety of pig products during its production in III zone of radioactive contamination caused by the Chernobyl accident. Based on the study, fodder grain mixtures for fattening of store pigs in Ukrainian Polissia have been developed. These mixtures make it possible to replace partially or entirely wheat with triticale in the diets of animals. It has been found that when 20-40% (by weight) of wheat groats in the grain mixture is replaced with a similar amount of triticale groats, the concentration of radiocaesium in muscle tissue of pigs in the experimental groups reduces by 9.6-9.8 Bq/kg or 30.7-31.3% compared to the control group. At the same time, the multiplicity of accumulation of 137Cs in the musculus longissimus dorsi of piglets was 0.233-0.325 and was higher by 4.2-39.5% in animals which received grain mixture No. 1 without triticale, compared with the use of grain mixtures No. 2 and No. 3 (20-40 % of triticale by weight). The concentration of Pb, Cu, and Zn in the products of experimental store pigs was significantly lower than MAC, while the level of contamination of muscle tissue (groups I and II) and liver (groups I and III) with Cd exceeded the regulatory requirements by 2.0-2.4 times and by 24.7-28.7%, respectively. Replacement of 20-40% (by weight) of wheat groats in the grain mixture with a similar amount of triticale groats for fattening store pigs in III zone of radioactive contamination contributed to a much smaller transition of Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn into musculus longissimus dorsi – by 3.27 (group III), 0.55-8.96, 1.15-1.27 and 0.52-7.86% absolute), respectively.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47312977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increase in the yield capacity of cereal spike crops under the current change of the climatic conditions in Ukraine will have a positive tendency in the nearest future. However, sustainable grain production under sharp weather fluctuations is possible only with the agro-technological systems' improvement. The pre-sowing seed treatment with chemical synthesis pesticides remains the primary method in the agricultural industry today. However, pesticides inevitably have a negative influence on the ecosystem of any level. A more environmentally friendly seed treatment method under the intensive technology is the combination of microwave seed irradiation and seed incrustation with the plant growth regulators that increase the cereal crops' yield capacity up to 15–20 %. It is possible to reduce the negative influence of chemical measures on the quality of the cereal crops seeds by using for the seed treatment a mixture of a treatment agent with the preparations having the stimulating properties. The most promising among all physical methods of the pre-sowing seed treatment is the microwave technology, which suppresses the entire complex of the seed infection and can become an alternative to the chemical method of plant protection. The universal character and practical importance of MW technologies combined with the growth-regulating substances consist not only in the increase in the yield capacity of the field crops but also in reducing the technogenic load on the environment. The peculiarity of EMF of EHF application in agricultural production is the necessity to consider the crops' specific electro-physical, technological, and biological properties. High heterogeneity greatly influences the electromagnetic action energy and the final result. Keywords: disinfection, pathogens, seeds, grain, winter wheat, spring barley, microwaves References Adamenko, T.I. (2008). Perspektivy ukrainskogo zernovogo rynka v kontekste globalnogo potepleniya. Hranenie i pererabotka zerna, 6 (108), 28–32 (in Russian). Anishin, L. (2002). Regulyatori rostu roslin: sumnivi i fakti. Propoziciya, 5, 64–65. (in Ukrainian). Babich, A.O., Himich, V.V. & Poberezhna, A.A. (1994). Svitove virobnictvo zerna prodovolchih i furazhnih kultur. Kormi i kormovij bilok: materiali pershoyi vseukrayinskoyi mizhnarodnoyi konferenciyi (16–17.11), Vinnicya, 74–75 (in Ukrainian). Bespalko, V.V. & Buryak, Yu.I. (2014). Vliyanie predposevnoj obrabotki semyan mikrovolnovym polem v sochetanii s regulyatorom rosta i biopreparatom na posevnye kachestva i urozhajne svojstva yachmenya yarovogo. Zernobobovye i krupyanye kultury: nauchno-proizvodstvennyj zhurnal, 4, 133–139 (in Russian). Bezpal'ko, V.V., Stankevych, S.V., Zhukova, L.V., Zabrodina, I.V., Turenko, V.P., Horyainova, V.V., Poedinceva, ?.A., Batova, O.M., Zayarna, O.Yu., Bondarenko, S.V., Dolya, M.M., Mamchur, R.M., Drozd, P.Yu., Sakhnenko, V.V., Matsyura, A.V. (2020). Pre-sowing seed treatment in winter wheat and spri
Bilyk，M.O.，Stankevych，S.V.，Zhukova，L.V.，Batova，O.M.，Martynenko，V.I.，Kucherenko，Ye.Yu.，Zviahintseva，A.M.（2020）。春小麦叶片病原菌的种类组成、形态和生物学特性。乌克兰生态学杂志，10（3），115-120。Izhik，N.K.（1976）。Polevaya vshozhest semyan（生物、生态、农业技术）。本能Agroh。和阴道。UAAN。基辅，乌罗扎吉（俄语）。sortiv和gibridiv半培养物目录（2013）。NAAN，印度植物营养研究所。V.Ya.Yur'yeva，Harkiv（乌克兰语）。Kirpa，N.Ya.（2011）。在一个闪光的poseva（为塞米扬公爵夫人）。零，3。（俄语）。Lyhochvor，V.（2003）。Zastosuvannya reguyatoriv植物生长（morfo regiyatoriv，阻滞剂iv）。Propoziciya，3-4，56-57。（乌克兰语）。Manzhos，D.M.（1987）。Nasinnyeznavstvo pshenici，Kiyiv，Urozhaj（乌克兰语）。这是一个积极的问题。技术。DSTU 2240-93。（1994）。Kiyiv，Derzhstandart（乌克兰语）。这是一个很好的例子。方法viznachennya yakosti。DSTU 4138–2002。（2003）。Kiyiv，Derzhstandart（乌克兰语）。Perelik农药i agromikativ，dozvolenih do vikoristannya在乌克兰（2018）。Kiyiv，Yunivest Media（乌克兰语）。Petrovsky，O.M.、Volkov，S.I.和Kalinichenko，M.I.（2011）。温度是紫外线的主要来源，牦牛因子是最常见的。Zbirnik研究了Vinnicko Agrarnogo大学的作品。干酪“科学教师”，7，24-28。（乌克兰语）。美国雷特曼（2009）。Mikrohvilova技术与工厂公用系统。Mikrovolnovye tehnologie v narodnom hozyajstve，6，62–63。（乌克兰语）。Sajko，V.F.（1997）。乌克兰零病毒产业展望。Visnik agrornoyi nauki，9岁，27-32岁（乌克兰语）。Sajko，V.F.（2008）。在气候变化背景下对麸皮行业的研究。Visnik agrornoi科学，11，5–10。（乌克兰语）。Sajko，V.F.，Gricaj，A.D.和Gordecka，S.P.（1994）。Ozimi零文化。Naukovi osnovi vedennya zernovogo gospodarstva，Kiyiv，Urozhaj（乌克兰语）。舍甫琴科，A.M.（2007）。这是联邦国家微型自由技术的标志。Mikrovolnovye tehnologii v narodnom hozyajstve，敖德萨（俄语）。佩奇，I.G.（1984）。Doposevnaya i preposevnay obrabotka semyan selskohozyajstvennyh文化。Theoriya和praktika没有得到任何支持。Yuo Vashnil。基辅（俄语）。Sytnyk，V.P.（2002）。农工业综合体的生态方面。Visnik agrornoyi科学，9，55-57。（乌克兰语）。Tuchny，V.P.（2007）。Tehnologiya zavtrashnego polya。Mikrovolnovye tehnologie v narodnom hozyajstve，6，9-15。（俄语）。Tuchny，V.P.，Karmazin A.I.和Dzigovsky，Yu.A.（2012）。Tehnologiya，kotoruyu zhdut agrarii。Border and pererabotka zerna，1（151），21-24。（俄语）。Tuchnyi，副总裁，Karmazin Yu.A和Levchenko Ye.A（2007）。与pomoshy新技术决裂。Border和pererabotka zerna，4（94），11-13。（俄语）。Turenko，V.P.，Bilyk，M.O.，Zhukova，L.V.，Stankevych，S.V.，Zayarna，O.Yu.，Lukhanin，I.V.，Oleynikov，Ye.S.，Batova，O.M.，Goryainova，V.V.，Poedinceva，A.A.（2019）。乌克兰东部森林草原春大麦根岩病原体的种类组成和发育对非生物因素的依赖性。《乌克兰生态学杂志》，9（2），179-188。Zakharchuk，N.A.，Dolya，M.M.，Polozhenets，V.M.，Zhurvska，I.A.，Tsuman，N.V.，Stankevych，S.V.，Nemerytska，L.V.，Rozhkova，T.O.，Chayka，O.V.，Popova，L.V..（2020）。通过细胞选择生产抗镰刀菌的马铃薯品种。《乌克兰生态学杂志》，10（1），289–291。Zhukova，L.V.，Stankevych，S.V.，Turenko，V.P.，Bezpal'ko，V.V.，Zabrodina，I.V.，Bondarenko，S.V.、Poedinceva，A.A.、Golovan，L.V.、Klymenko，I.V.、Melenti，V.O.（2019）。春大麦根石，危害性及基本有效的保护措施。《乌克兰生态学杂志》，9（2），232–238。
{"title":"Pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat and spring barley seeds with the extremely high frequencies electromagnetic field","authors":"V. V. Bezpal'ko, S. Stankevych, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2021_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2021_9","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in the yield capacity of cereal spike crops under the current change of the climatic conditions in Ukraine will have a positive tendency in the nearest future. However, sustainable grain production under sharp weather fluctuations is possible only with the agro-technological systems' improvement. The pre-sowing seed treatment with chemical synthesis pesticides remains the primary method in the agricultural industry today. However, pesticides inevitably have a negative influence on the ecosystem of any level. A more environmentally friendly seed treatment method under the intensive technology is the combination of microwave seed irradiation and seed incrustation with the plant growth regulators that increase the cereal crops' yield capacity up to 15–20 %. It is possible to reduce the negative influence of chemical measures on the quality of the cereal crops seeds by using for the seed treatment a mixture of a treatment agent with the preparations having the stimulating properties. The most promising among all physical methods of the pre-sowing seed treatment is the microwave technology, which suppresses the entire complex of the seed infection and can become an alternative to the chemical method of plant protection. The universal character and practical importance of MW technologies combined with the growth-regulating substances consist not only in the increase in the yield capacity of the field crops but also in reducing the technogenic load on the environment. The peculiarity of EMF of EHF application in agricultural production is the necessity to consider the crops' specific electro-physical, technological, and biological properties. High heterogeneity greatly influences the electromagnetic action energy and the final result. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: disinfection, pathogens, seeds, grain, winter wheat, spring barley, microwaves \u0000 \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000Adamenko, T.I. (2008). Perspektivy ukrainskogo zernovogo rynka v kontekste globalnogo potepleniya. Hranenie i pererabotka zerna, 6 (108), 28–32 (in Russian). \u0000 \u0000Anishin, L. (2002). Regulyatori rostu roslin: sumnivi i fakti. Propoziciya, 5, 64–65. (in Ukrainian). \u0000 \u0000Babich, A.O., Himich, V.V. & Poberezhna, A.A. (1994). Svitove virobnictvo zerna prodovolchih i furazhnih kultur. Kormi i kormovij bilok: materiali pershoyi vseukrayinskoyi mizhnarodnoyi konferenciyi (16–17.11), Vinnicya, 74–75 (in Ukrainian). \u0000 \u0000Bespalko, V.V. & Buryak, Yu.I. (2014). Vliyanie predposevnoj obrabotki semyan mikrovolnovym polem v sochetanii s regulyatorom rosta i biopreparatom na posevnye kachestva i urozhajne svojstva yachmenya yarovogo. Zernobobovye i krupyanye kultury: nauchno-proizvodstvennyj zhurnal, 4, 133–139 (in Russian). \u0000 \u0000Bezpal'ko, V.V., Stankevych, S.V., Zhukova, L.V., Zabrodina, I.V., Turenko, V.P., Horyainova, V.V., Poedinceva, ?.A., Batova, O.M., Zayarna, O.Yu., Bondarenko, S.V., Dolya, M.M., Mamchur, R.M., Drozd, P.Yu., Sakhnenko, V.V., Matsyura, A.V. (2020). Pre-sowing seed treatment in winter wheat and spri","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47798791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Borysova, S. Stankevych, S. Sysoieva, Yu.V. Synyavina, T. Tkachenko, M. Matsyura, E. V. Shapetko
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused quite painful damage to the entire world tourism industry, including religious tourism. Under its influence, the country banned religious travel, including pilgrimage, because many infections occurred. Holy places and pilgrimage routes have been closed around the world. What will be next? Is there a radical transformation of the religious life of humankind, including religious tourism? What measures are being taken by international tourism organizations to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on religious tourism, and how do they see its future? What should be the journey of the future to prevent such global transmission of viruses as happened during this pandemic? This article is dedicated to finding answers to these and other questions that are no less difficult. The authors of the article set themselves essentials to identify and present the critical points that are already relevant for religious tourism and those just beginning to appear and will be important in the post-pandemic era. The study is based on an analysis of recent studies of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religious tourism and travel greening. The conclusions and recommendations are given at the end of the paper. The authors concluded that religious tourism and pilgrimage would recover quickly; however, the post-pandemic tourists will attend to epidemiological safety, so the demand for ecotours and tours with high environmental friendliness will only increase. Religious tourism will also change, involving digital and other technologies. Keywords: pilgrimage, COVID-19 pandemic, religious studies, religious tourism. References Borisova, O.V. (2020). Religious tourism: relevance for post-pandemic Ukraine. Ukrainian Religious Knowledge, 92, 139-165 (in Ukrainian). Borisova, O.V. (2020a). Specialized tourism. Kyiv: Condor Publishing House (in Ukrainian). Borysova, O., Huzik, T. & Fylypovych, L. (2020). Ukraine as a Religious Destination. Occasional papers on religion in Eastern Europe. Nov., XL, 9, 75–97. Borysova, ?.V., Shvedun, V.O. & Sysoieva S.I. (2021). Ecological tourism: pandemic lessons for Ukraine. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 11(1),191–195, DOI: 10.15421/2021_30. Byelyayeva, S.S., Kurakin, O.B. & Bishovec, L.G. (2020). Organizacijno-ekonomichni aspekti yakosti poslug goteliv i zakladiv rozmishennya pid chas pandemiyi na COVID-19. Zbirnik naukovih prac ChDTU. Seriya Ekonomichni nauki, 57, 54–63. (in Ukrainian). Concept Note: Covid-19 and Restructuring the Tourism Sector (2020). United Nations. Available from: https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/policy_brief_covid-19_and_transforming_tourism_russian.pdf Dein, S., Loewenthal, K., Lewis, C.A. & Pargament, K.I. (2020). COVID-19, Mental Health and Religion: An Agenda for Future Research, Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 23 (1), 1–9. Furdak, M.M. (2020). Shlyahi rozvitku turistichnoyi galuzi Ukrayini v umovah viklikiv 2020. Priazovskij ekonom
{"title":"Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on religious and green tourism","authors":"O. Borysova, S. Stankevych, S. Sysoieva, Yu.V. Synyavina, T. Tkachenko, M. Matsyura, E. V. Shapetko","doi":"10.15421/2021_174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2021_174","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has caused quite painful damage to the entire world tourism industry, including religious tourism. Under its influence, the country banned religious travel, including pilgrimage, because many infections occurred. Holy places and pilgrimage routes have been closed around the world. What will be next? Is there a radical transformation of the religious life of humankind, including religious tourism? What measures are being taken by international tourism organizations to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on religious tourism, and how do they see its future? What should be the journey of the future to prevent such global transmission of viruses as happened during this pandemic? This article is dedicated to finding answers to these and other questions that are no less difficult. The authors of the article set themselves essentials to identify and present the critical points that are already relevant for religious tourism and those just beginning to appear and will be important in the post-pandemic era. The study is based on an analysis of recent studies of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religious tourism and travel greening. The conclusions and recommendations are given at the end of the paper. The authors concluded that religious tourism and pilgrimage would recover quickly; however, the post-pandemic tourists will attend to epidemiological safety, so the demand for ecotours and tours with high environmental friendliness will only increase. Religious tourism will also change, involving digital and other technologies. Keywords: pilgrimage, COVID-19 pandemic, religious studies, religious tourism. References Borisova, O.V. (2020). Religious tourism: relevance for post-pandemic Ukraine. Ukrainian Religious Knowledge, 92, 139-165 (in Ukrainian). Borisova, O.V. (2020a). Specialized tourism. Kyiv: Condor Publishing House (in Ukrainian). Borysova, O., Huzik, T. & Fylypovych, L. (2020). Ukraine as a Religious Destination. Occasional papers on religion in Eastern Europe. Nov., XL, 9, 75–97. Borysova, ?.V., Shvedun, V.O. & Sysoieva S.I. (2021). Ecological tourism: pandemic lessons for Ukraine. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 11(1),191–195, DOI: 10.15421/2021_30. Byelyayeva, S.S., Kurakin, O.B. & Bishovec, L.G. (2020). Organizacijno-ekonomichni aspekti yakosti poslug goteliv i zakladiv rozmishennya pid chas pandemiyi na COVID-19. Zbirnik naukovih prac ChDTU. Seriya Ekonomichni nauki, 57, 54–63. (in Ukrainian). Concept Note: Covid-19 and Restructuring the Tourism Sector (2020). United Nations. Available from: https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/policy_brief_covid-19_and_transforming_tourism_russian.pdf Dein, S., Loewenthal, K., Lewis, C.A. & Pargament, K.I. (2020). COVID-19, Mental Health and Religion: An Agenda for Future Research, Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 23 (1), 1–9. Furdak, M.M. (2020). Shlyahi rozvitku turistichnoyi galuzi Ukrayini v umovah viklikiv 2020. Priazovskij ekonom","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"292-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67601387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Demydas, I. Galushko, S. Poltoretskyi, A. Novák, V. Liubych, N. Poltoretska
The research results for 2018–2020 on the formation of fodder productivity of the yield of the dry mass of different varieties of meadow clover from 1 ha depending on the sowing methods on different backgrounds of fertilizer on typical low-humus chernozems of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were presented. On average, for the first three years of growth and use, meadow clover provided productivity of yield of the dry mass of 8.22–9.88 tons from 1 ha, which depended little on sowing methods. Productivity increased by 8–12 % when inoculating seed with nodule bacteria combined with the application of N60P60K90 compared with the variant without fertilizers and only by 4–6 % under separate application of fertilizers (Р60K90 or N60P60K90) or seeds inoculation on the background without fertilizers. The application of N60 on the background of Р60K90 provided the highest payback of 1 kg of fertilizer (6–7 kg of dry mass) among fertilizers. In the first year, sowing under cover of spring barley provided higher productivity by 22–25 %, and in the second and third years, coverless sowing was provided by 7–10 %. The most productive variety was Taifun, which was 0.10–0.66 t/ha of dry mass superior to Lybid and Tina varieties. The factor of fertilization was the most influential in yield of dry mass from 1 ha and the sowing method with a share proportion of 55 % in the first year. Meadow clover annually provided three mowings of fodder biomass with the share of the first mowing of 44–50 %, the second – 32–34 %, and the third – 18–24 %, and the uneven distribution of the yield by mowing by 30–47 %.
{"title":"Fodder productivity of meadow clover varieties depending on the growing technology","authors":"H. Demydas, I. Galushko, S. Poltoretskyi, A. Novák, V. Liubych, N. Poltoretska","doi":"10.15421/2021_37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2021_37","url":null,"abstract":"The research results for 2018–2020 on the formation of fodder productivity of the yield of the dry mass of different varieties of meadow clover from 1 ha depending on the sowing methods on different backgrounds of fertilizer on typical low-humus chernozems of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were presented. On average, for the first three years of growth and use, meadow clover provided productivity of yield of the dry mass of 8.22–9.88 tons from 1 ha, which depended little on sowing methods. Productivity increased by 8–12 % when inoculating seed with nodule bacteria combined with the application of N60P60K90 compared with the variant without fertilizers and only by 4–6 % under separate application of fertilizers (Р60K90 or N60P60K90) or seeds inoculation on the background without fertilizers. The application of N60 on the background of Р60K90 provided the highest payback of 1 kg of fertilizer (6–7 kg of dry mass) among fertilizers. In the first year, sowing under cover of spring barley provided higher productivity by 22–25 %, and in the second and third years, coverless sowing was provided by 7–10 %. The most productive variety was Taifun, which was 0.10–0.66 t/ha of dry mass superior to Lybid and Tina varieties. The factor of fertilization was the most influential in yield of dry mass from 1 ha and the sowing method with a share proportion of 55 % in the first year. Meadow clover annually provided three mowings of fodder biomass with the share of the first mowing of 44–50 %, the second – 32–34 %, and the third – 18–24 %, and the uneven distribution of the yield by mowing by 30–47 %.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"254-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67601220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Анна Сергіївна Готвянська, A. Hotvianska, Олександр Іванович Цилюрик, O. Tsyliuryk, Владислав Іванович Горщар, V. Horshchar, Олександр Олександрович Іжболдін, O. Izhboldin, Марина Валентнівна Котченко, M. Kotchenko, Михайло Юрійович Румбах, M. Rumbakh, Ярослав Вікторович Остапчук, Ya. V. Ostapchuk, Віра Георгіївна Чорнобай, Vіra Chornobay
To neutralize negative factors (excessive technogenic load, deterioration of water, nutrient regime, and humus state of the soil) and improve the nutritional system of sunflower plants, it is necessary to use more widely mineral, organic, and micronutrient fertilizers, plant growth regulators. Thanks to the regulatory mechanisms of biological products, the development of the leaf surface are enhanced, the main functions are essential for the life of sunflower plants, and they are activated by: membrane processes, cell division, respiration and nutrition, the activity of enzyme systems, photosynthesis, a branched root system with enhanced absorbing capacity is created at the growth period. The main goal of this work was to study the influence of the growth of regulatory substances, different in the direction of action, on the morphogenesis, growth, and development, and productivity of sunflower plants of different ripeness groups in the conditions of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. Moreover, the determination of the most rational stimulants of the growth of sunflower plants, which ensure the resistance of plants to diseases and adverse environmental factors, optimal growth and development of plants, and contribute to obtaining high and sustainable yields of oilseed crops. The laying and carrying out of field experiments was carried out following the generally accepted methodology of experimental work. The experimental part of the work was performed during 2018–2020 on the scientific and research field of the National Scientific and Research Center of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University in the stationary experiment of the Plant Science Department in five-crop rotation pure steam – winter wheat – corn – barley – sunflower to study the effectiveness of modern elements in technologies for growing cereals, legumes, and oilseeds. Scientific studies have established that the formation of the maximum leaf surface area of sunflower was observed using the growth stimulant Tseron (0.5 L/ha) to 70.9–78.1 thousand m/ha, or 5.5–10.2% more for control. Here, sunflower plants formed the largest diameter of the basket – 23–26 cm (11.5–30.4% more than the control), and the maximum number of seeds in 829–951 pcs. The highest weight of 1000 seeds was characteristic of the medium-early hybrid Sumico HTS – 54.0–60.0 g, and the lowest for the medium-late Subaro HTS – 51–55 g, due to the biological characteristics of the hybrids. Plant growth stimulants on sunflower contributed to an increase in crop yields 1.01–1.7 times. The most significant increase in grain for all hybrids was provided by the agent Tseron (0.5 L/ha) – 0.16–0.75 t/ha, or 8.2–43.3%. The application of restricted drugs Tseron (0.5 L/ha) and Architect (0.5 L/ha) contributed to the growth of oil content by 3–8 and 4–6 percentage points.
{"title":"The influence of biological products on the growth and development of sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L.) in the northern steppe of Ukraine","authors":"Анна Сергіївна Готвянська, A. Hotvianska, Олександр Іванович Цилюрик, O. Tsyliuryk, Владислав Іванович Горщар, V. Horshchar, Олександр Олександрович Іжболдін, O. Izhboldin, Марина Валентнівна Котченко, M. Kotchenko, Михайло Юрійович Румбах, M. Rumbakh, Ярослав Вікторович Остапчук, Ya. V. Ostapchuk, Віра Георгіївна Чорнобай, Vіra Chornobay","doi":"10.15421/2021_150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2021_150","url":null,"abstract":"To neutralize negative factors (excessive technogenic load, deterioration of water, nutrient regime, and humus state of the soil) and improve the nutritional system of sunflower plants, it is necessary to use more widely mineral, organic, and micronutrient fertilizers, plant growth regulators. Thanks to the regulatory mechanisms of biological products, the development of the leaf surface are enhanced, the main functions are essential for the life of sunflower plants, and they are activated by: membrane processes, cell division, respiration and nutrition, the activity of enzyme systems, photosynthesis, a branched root system with enhanced absorbing capacity is created at the growth period. The main goal of this work was to study the influence of the growth of regulatory substances, different in the direction of action, on the morphogenesis, growth, and development, and productivity of sunflower plants of different ripeness groups in the conditions of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. Moreover, the determination of the most rational stimulants of the growth of sunflower plants, which ensure the resistance of plants to diseases and adverse environmental factors, optimal growth and development of plants, and contribute to obtaining high and sustainable yields of oilseed crops. The laying and carrying out of field experiments was carried out following the generally accepted methodology of experimental work. The experimental part of the work was performed during 2018–2020 on the scientific and research field of the National Scientific and Research Center of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University in the stationary experiment of the Plant Science Department in five-crop rotation pure steam – winter wheat – corn – barley – sunflower to study the effectiveness of modern elements in technologies for growing cereals, legumes, and oilseeds. Scientific studies have established that the formation of the maximum leaf surface area of sunflower was observed using the growth stimulant Tseron (0.5 L/ha) to 70.9–78.1 thousand m/ha, or 5.5–10.2% more for control. Here, sunflower plants formed the largest diameter of the basket – 23–26 cm (11.5–30.4% more than the control), and the maximum number of seeds in 829–951 pcs. The highest weight of 1000 seeds was characteristic of the medium-early hybrid Sumico HTS – 54.0–60.0 g, and the lowest for the medium-late Subaro HTS – 51–55 g, due to the biological characteristics of the hybrids. Plant growth stimulants on sunflower contributed to an increase in crop yields 1.01–1.7 times. The most significant increase in grain for all hybrids was provided by the agent Tseron (0.5 L/ha) – 0.16–0.75 t/ha, or 8.2–43.3%. The application of restricted drugs Tseron (0.5 L/ha) and Architect (0.5 L/ha) contributed to the growth of oil content by 3–8 and 4–6 percentage points.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"106-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67601256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Chernenko, O. Chernenko, O. Chernenko, O. I. Chernenko, O. Chernenko, A. Chernenko, Олександр Миколайович Черненко, O. I. Chernenko, O. I. Chernenko, Олена Іванівна Черненко, Оlena Pokhil, O. Pokhil, O. Pokhil, O. Pokhyl, O. Pokhyl, E. Pokhil, E. Pokhil, E. Pokhil, O. Pohyl, O. Pohyl, O. Pohyl, O. Pohil, O. Pohil, Elena N. Pohyl, Elena N. Pohyl, Н. M. Pohyl, Олена Миколаївна Похил, R. Sanzhara, R. Sanzhara, R. Sanzhara, R. A. Sanjara, Роман Андрійович Cанжара, Helen Khmeleva, O. Khmeleva, E. Khmeleva, E. Khmeleva, O. Khmeleva, E. Khmeleva, O. Khmeleva, O. Khmeleva, Олена Володимирівна Хмельова, R. Mylostyvyi, R. Milostiviy, Roman Milostivyiy, R. Mylostyvyi, R. Mylostyvyi, R. Mylostyvy, R. Mylostyvyi, Роман Васильович Милостивий
The study of the influence of types of stress resistance of Ukrainian red dairy cows on milk safety indicators, technological properties of milk associated with the production of rennet cheese, and the organoleptic qualities of cheese and its yield are presented. The experimental animals were divided into three groups according to the standard deviation value of 0.67 from the average concentration of cortisol in the studied group of animals of the same age during the calving. Blood for the study of cortisol concentration in cows was taken in the morning hours before feeding after a stress load. The stress load was a complex of technological factors associated with blood sampling, fixation of animals for one hour, and the presence of veterinary specialists and support personnel. Among 117 experimental cows, groups of 12 animals were formed to study the cheese suitability of milk and cheese quality. The method of balanced analog groups was applied. The animals were of the same breed, peers in age, average body condition, gentle-dense constitution type, and the intergroup difference in body weight were not reliable. The need for these studies arose due to the constant technological stresses that animals experience in the conditions of their operation, and the effect of the type of stress resistance on the cheese suitability of milk and the quality of rennet cheese produced from it remains an insufficiently studied issue, which determined their scientific novelty and relevance. It was found that milk, which was obtained from cows with high and medium resistance to stress, meets the requirements for raw materials for cheese preparation and has high technological properties, in contrast to peers with low-stress resistance, in which milk according to the fermentation test was attributed to the third class and found unsuitable for the production of rennet cheese. This is evidenced by the twice lengthened phases of milk coagulation under milk-clotting enzyme and double quality of rennet fermenter for its coagulation, which led to a decrease in the quality of the finished product - rennet cheese "Lyubitelskiy", which, according to the results of the examination, had a bitter taste and a rubbery consistency. However, the yield of finished products did not depend on the group of cows differing in stress resistance. It is concluded that milk obtained from cows of the first two groups can be used for the production of cheese according to a reduced technological process, as a result of which the energy costs for the production of finished products will be reduced and the cost of cheese will decrease. Keywords: cortisol, milk safety, rennet fermentation test, coagulation and gelation phase, organoleptic properties of cheese, cheese yield References Abeykoon, C. D., Rathnayake, R. M. C., Johansson, M., Silva, G. L. L. P., Ranadheera, C. S., Lundh, A., & Vidanarachchi, J. K. (2016). Milk Coagulation Properties and Milk Protein Genetic Variants of Three
介绍了乌克兰红奶牛的抗逆性类型对牛奶安全指标、与凝乳酶奶酪生产相关的牛奶技术特性、奶酪的感官品质及其产量的影响。将实验动物按产犊期间与实验组同龄动物皮质醇平均浓度的标准差值0.67分为三组。用于研究奶牛皮质醇浓度的血液是在早晨应激负荷后进食前的几个小时采集的。压力负荷是与采血、动物固定一小时以及兽医专家和支持人员在场有关的复杂技术因素。选取117头试验奶牛，每组12头，研究牛奶的奶酪适宜性和奶酪品质。采用平衡模拟组法。同一品种、同龄、平均体质、温和致密体质，组间体重差异不可靠。对这些研究的需求是由于动物在其操作条件下经历的持续的技术压力，以及抗压力类型对牛奶的奶酪适用性和由其生产的凝乳酶奶酪质量的影响仍然是一个研究不足的问题，这决定了它们的科学新颖性和相关性。结果表明，高、中等抗逆性奶牛产的奶满足奶酪原料要求，具有较高的工艺性能，而低抗逆性奶牛产的奶经发酵试验属于第三类，不适合生产凝乳酶奶酪。在凝乳酶作用下，牛奶凝固的阶段延长了两倍，凝乳酶发酵罐的凝乳质量也提高了一倍，这就证明了这一点，这导致成品凝乳酶奶酪“Lyubitelskiy”的质量下降，根据检查结果，这种奶酪有苦味和橡胶状的稠度。然而，成品的产量并不取决于奶牛群体的抗逆性。综上所述，前两组奶牛的牛奶可以通过简化的工艺流程用于奶酪的生产，从而降低生产成品的能源成本，降低奶酪的成本。关键词:皮质醇，牛奶安全性，凝乳酶发酵试验，凝血和凝胶期，奶酪的感官特性，奶酪产量参考文献Abeykoon, C. D.， Rathnayake, R. M. C.， Johansson, M.， Silva, G. L. L. P.， Ranadheera, C. S.， Lundh, A.， & Vidanarachchi, J. K.(2016)。斯里兰卡三种牛品种/类型的乳凝固特性和乳蛋白遗传变异。食品科学进展，6,348-351。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2016.02.070 Beilharz, r.g.， & Zeeb, K.(1982)。奶牛的社会支配地位。应用动物行为学，8,79-97。https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3762(82)90134-1 Bergamaschi, M.， Cipolat-Gotet, C.， Stocco, G.， Valorz, C.， Bazzoli I.， Sturaro, E.(2016)。高原牧场的奶酪制作:牛奶的技术特性、奶油、奶酪和乳清干酪的产量、牛奶营养成分的恢复和产品成分。乳业学报，2009(12):931 - 946。https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11199 Borell, E.， Dobson, H.， & Prunier, A.(2007)。压力、雌性牛和猪的行为和繁殖性能。心理学报，2015(1)，344 - 344。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.03.014 Carroll, j.a.， & Forsberg, n.e.(2013)。应激和营养对牛免疫力的影响。北美兽医诊所:食用动物实践，23(1)，105-149。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.01.003 Chernenko, o.m.(2015)。Molochna产品学家golshtynsky koriv riznyh typiv konstytuci。[不同体质类型荷斯坦奶牛的产乳性能]。Naukovyy visnyk«AskaniyaNova»-科学公报Askaniya-Nova。Nova Kakhovka PYEL, 8,104 - 114(乌克兰语)。Chernenko, O. M.(2015)。基于适应能力的繁育服务公牛的使用效率。农工综合体生物安全与环境控制科学研究中心科技通报，3(1)，153-157。Chernenko ?。？.， Sanzhara, r.a.， Shulzhenko, n.m.， Mylostyvyi, r.v.， and Denisyk, o.v.(2019)。牛奶中的重金属、硝酸盐和放射性核素取决于奶牛的抗逆性。生物工程学报，2014(4):526-531。https://doi.org/10.15421/021977 Davidov, r.b.(1958)。 介绍了乌克兰红奶牛的抗逆性类型对牛奶安全指标、与凝乳酶奶酪生产相关的牛奶技术特性、奶酪的感官品质及其产量的影响。将实验动物按产犊期间与实验组同龄动物皮质醇平均浓度的标准差值0.67分为三组。用于研究奶牛皮质醇浓度的血液是在早晨应激负荷后进食前的几个小时采集的。压力负荷是与采血、动物固定一小时以及兽医专家和支持人员在场有关的复杂技术因素。选取117头试验奶牛，每组12头，研究牛奶的奶酪适宜性和奶酪品质。采用平衡模拟组法。同一品种、同龄、平均体质、温和致密体质，组间体重差异不可靠。对这些研究的需求是由于动物在其操作条件下经历的持续的技术压力，以及抗压力类型对牛奶的奶酪适用性和由其生产的凝乳酶奶酪质量的影响仍然是一个研究不足的问题，这决定了它们的科学新颖性和相关性。结果表明，高、中等抗逆性奶牛产的奶满足奶酪原料要求，具有较高的工艺性能，而低抗逆性奶牛产的奶经发酵试验属于第三类，不适合生产凝乳酶奶酪。在凝乳酶作用下，牛奶凝固的阶段延长了两倍，凝乳酶发酵罐的凝乳质量也提高了一倍，这就证明了这一点，这导致成品凝乳酶奶酪“Lyubitelskiy”的质量下降，根据检查结果，这种奶酪有苦味和橡胶状的稠度。然而，成品的产量并不取决于奶牛群体的抗逆性。综上所述，前两组奶牛的牛奶可以通过简化的工艺流程用于奶酪的生产，从而降低生产成品的能源成本，降低奶酪的成本。关键词:皮质醇，牛奶安全性，凝乳酶发酵试验，凝血和凝胶期，奶酪的感官特性，奶酪产量参考文献Abeykoon, C. D.， Rathnayake, R. M. C.， Johansson, M.， Silva, G. L. L. P.， Ranadheera, C. S.， Lundh, A.， & Vidanarachchi, J. K.(2016)。斯里兰卡三种牛品种/类型的乳凝固特性和乳蛋白遗传变异。食品科学进展，6,348-351。https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2016.02.070 Beilharz, r.g.， & Zeeb, K.(1982)。奶牛的社会支配地位。应用动物行为学，8,79-97。https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3762(82)90134-1 Bergamaschi, M.， Cipolat-Gotet, C.， Stocco, G.， Valorz, C.， Bazzoli I.， Sturaro, E.(2016)。高原牧场的奶酪制作:牛奶的技术特性、奶油、奶酪和乳清干酪的产量、牛奶营养成分的恢复和产品成分。乳业学报，2009(12):931 - 946。https://do
{"title":"The influence of cows stresses resistance on cheese yield and quality","authors":"O. Chernenko, O. Chernenko, O. Chernenko, O. I. Chernenko, O. Chernenko, A. Chernenko, Олександр Миколайович Черненко, O. I. Chernenko, O. I. Chernenko, Олена Іванівна Черненко, Оlena Pokhil, O. Pokhil, O. Pokhil, O. Pokhyl, O. Pokhyl, E. Pokhil, E. Pokhil, E. Pokhil, O. Pohyl, O. Pohyl, O. Pohyl, O. Pohil, O. Pohil, Elena N. Pohyl, Elena N. Pohyl, Н. M. Pohyl, Олена Миколаївна Похил, R. Sanzhara, R. Sanzhara, R. Sanzhara, R. A. Sanjara, Роман Андрійович Cанжара, Helen Khmeleva, O. Khmeleva, E. Khmeleva, E. Khmeleva, O. Khmeleva, E. Khmeleva, O. Khmeleva, O. Khmeleva, Олена Володимирівна Хмельова, R. Mylostyvyi, R. Milostiviy, Roman Milostivyiy, R. Mylostyvyi, R. Mylostyvyi, R. Mylostyvy, R. Mylostyvyi, Роман Васильович Милостивий","doi":"10.15421/2021_103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2021_103","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the influence of types of stress resistance of Ukrainian red dairy cows on milk safety indicators, technological properties of milk associated with the production of rennet cheese, and the organoleptic qualities of cheese and its yield are presented. The experimental animals were divided into three groups according to the standard deviation value of 0.67 from the average concentration of cortisol in the studied group of animals of the same age during the calving. Blood for the study of cortisol concentration in cows was taken in the morning hours before feeding after a stress load. The stress load was a complex of technological factors associated with blood sampling, fixation of animals for one hour, and the presence of veterinary specialists and support personnel. Among 117 experimental cows, groups of 12 animals were formed to study the cheese suitability of milk and cheese quality. The method of balanced analog groups was applied. The animals were of the same breed, peers in age, average body condition, gentle-dense constitution type, and the intergroup difference in body weight were not reliable. The need for these studies arose due to the constant technological stresses that animals experience in the conditions of their operation, and the effect of the type of stress resistance on the cheese suitability of milk and the quality of rennet cheese produced from it remains an insufficiently studied issue, which determined their scientific novelty and relevance. It was found that milk, which was obtained from cows with high and medium resistance to stress, meets the requirements for raw materials for cheese preparation and has high technological properties, in contrast to peers with low-stress resistance, in which milk according to the fermentation test was attributed to the third class and found unsuitable for the production of rennet cheese. This is evidenced by the twice lengthened phases of milk coagulation under milk-clotting enzyme and double quality of rennet fermenter for its coagulation, which led to a decrease in the quality of the finished product - rennet cheese \"Lyubitelskiy\", which, according to the results of the examination, had a bitter taste and a rubbery consistency. However, the yield of finished products did not depend on the group of cows differing in stress resistance. It is concluded that milk obtained from cows of the first two groups can be used for the production of cheese according to a reduced technological process, as a result of which the energy costs for the production of finished products will be reduced and the cost of cheese will decrease. Keywords: cortisol, milk safety, rennet fermentation test, coagulation and gelation phase, organoleptic properties of cheese, cheese yield References Abeykoon, C. D., Rathnayake, R. M. C., Johansson, M., Silva, G. L. L. P., Ranadheera, C. S., Lundh, A., & Vidanarachchi, J. K. (2016). Milk Coagulation Properties and Milk Protein Genetic Variants of Three","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"4 1","pages":"224-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67601305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Krykhtina, N. Leonenko, I. Khmyrov, S. Stankevych
The authors note that the EU sets an intermediate goal: to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50-55% compared to the 1990 level. The European Green Deal (EGD) covers all sectors of the economy, particularly transport, energy, agriculture, construction, and industries such as steel, cement, information and communication technologies, textiles, and chemicals. The authors underlined the pandemic and response to COVID-19 in 2020 made adjustments only to the pace of implementation of the EGD. The authors clarify that the aim of the EU and, accordingly, Ukrainian transport policy is to promote more ecological vehicles. The European Green Course (EGC) covers several areas of sector reform of transport policy: changing mobility flows; shifting to cleaner modes of transport; increased requirements for standards in the transport sector; development of transport infrastructure; promotion of smart management in the transport sector digitalization.
{"title":"Role of European Green Deal as a transformation mechanism of the state policies for the European integration of Ukraine","authors":"Y. Krykhtina, N. Leonenko, I. Khmyrov, S. Stankevych","doi":"10.15421/2021_197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2021_197","url":null,"abstract":"The authors note that the EU sets an intermediate goal: to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50-55% compared to the 1990 level. The European Green Deal (EGD) covers all sectors of the economy, particularly transport, energy, agriculture, construction, and industries such as steel, cement, information and communication technologies, textiles, and chemicals. The authors underlined the pandemic and response to COVID-19 in 2020 made adjustments only to the pace of implementation of the EGD. The authors clarify that the aim of the EU and, accordingly, Ukrainian transport policy is to promote more ecological vehicles. The European Green Course (EGC) covers several areas of sector reform of transport policy: changing mobility flows; shifting to cleaner modes of transport; increased requirements for standards in the transport sector; development of transport infrastructure; promotion of smart management in the transport sector digitalization.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"97-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67601624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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