Two experiments studied the use of mavrik (fluvalinate) to protect honey bees from earwigs on apiary, located in the South of the Tyumen region. For this purpose, sheets of dense cardboard in size of 300x200x1 mm were prepared, containing 240, 480 and 960 mg of fluvalinate. The first experiment was conducted in June during the appearance of earwigs on the apiary, where 12 hives without bees were selected, which were divided into 4 equal groups (3 experiment and 1 control). To attract the earwigs in each hive, 6 selected frames were placed, which were covered with insulation material. In the first experimental group, 1 sheet with 240 mg of fluvalinate was attached to the bottom of each hive from the outside, as well as on the inner surface of the roof. In the second and third groups, the same was done, using sheets containing 480 and 960 mg of the active substance. In control, sheets without the agent were used. Within two weeks every 2-3 days, the hives were inspected, particular attention was paid to the presence of earwigs and waste of their vital activity in hives. The second experiment was carried out at the end of August, for which 12 bee colonies were identified, in which the earwigs were registered. In each of the six experiment colonies 1 packet (480 mg of fluvalinate) was placed on the inner surface of the hive roof, into the space between the cushion and the canvas, and on the bottom of the hive from the outside. In the control colonies (6) similar sheets were installed without the agent. All colonies were examined twice at an interval of 5 days. It was found that after 12 days in hives containing sheets with 240 mg of fluvalinate, single earwigs were found only on the bottom, in the other experimental groups no earwigs were found. In the control group, the earwigs were detected on honey combs, insulation material. In the second experiment, when inspecting experiment bee colonies 5 days after hives' treatment, no earwigs were found, in control colonies pests and traces of their vital activity were found. Thus, the use of cardboard sheets containing 480 mg of fluvalinate and placed on the bottom on the outside and inner surface of the hive roof prevents the penetration of earwigs into colonies of honey bees when they appear on a apiary. Additional installation of sheets with fluvalinate between insulation and intra-hive canvas (ceiling) helps to remove earwigs out of hives when they are found in colonies of bees.
{"title":"Earwigs - pests of honey bees Apis mellifera","authors":"A. N. Domatsky, T. F. Domatskaya","doi":"10.15421/2020_266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_266","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments studied the use of mavrik (fluvalinate) to protect honey bees from earwigs on apiary, located in the South of the Tyumen region. For this purpose, sheets of dense cardboard in size of 300x200x1 mm were prepared, containing 240, 480 and 960 mg of fluvalinate. The first experiment was conducted in June during the appearance of earwigs on the apiary, where 12 hives without bees were selected, which were divided into 4 equal groups (3 experiment and 1 control). To attract the earwigs in each hive, 6 selected frames were placed, which were covered with insulation material. In the first experimental group, 1 sheet with 240 mg of fluvalinate was attached to the bottom of each hive from the outside, as well as on the inner surface of the roof. In the second and third groups, the same was done, using sheets containing 480 and 960 mg of the active substance. In control, sheets without the agent were used. Within two weeks every 2-3 days, the hives were inspected, particular attention was paid to the presence of earwigs and waste of their vital activity in hives. The second experiment was carried out at the end of August, for which 12 bee colonies were identified, in which the earwigs were registered. In each of the six experiment colonies 1 packet (480 mg of fluvalinate) was placed on the inner surface of the hive roof, into the space between the cushion and the canvas, and on the bottom of the hive from the outside. In the control colonies (6) similar sheets were installed without the agent. All colonies were examined twice at an interval of 5 days. It was found that after 12 days in hives containing sheets with 240 mg of fluvalinate, single earwigs were found only on the bottom, in the other experimental groups no earwigs were found. In the control group, the earwigs were detected on honey combs, insulation material. In the second experiment, when inspecting experiment bee colonies 5 days after hives' treatment, no earwigs were found, in control colonies pests and traces of their vital activity were found. Thus, the use of cardboard sheets containing 480 mg of fluvalinate and placed on the bottom on the outside and inner surface of the hive roof prevents the penetration of earwigs into colonies of honey bees when they appear on a apiary. Additional installation of sheets with fluvalinate between insulation and intra-hive canvas (ceiling) helps to remove earwigs out of hives when they are found in colonies of bees.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45315184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increase in the cereal spike crops yield capacity under the current change of the climatic conditions in Ukraine will have a positive tendency in the nearest future, but the sustainable grain production under sharp weather fluctuations is possible only with the improvement of the agro-technological systems. The pre-sowing seed treatment with chemical synthesis pesticides remains the main method in the agricultural industry today. However, the pesticides inevitably have a negative influence on the ecosystem of any level. A more environmentally friendly method of seed treatment under the intensive technology is the combination of the microwave seed irradiation and seed incrustation with the plant growth regulators that provide an increase in the cereal crops yield capacity up to 15–20 %. It is possible to reduce the negative influence of chemical measures on the quality of the cereal crops seeds by using for the seed treatment a mixture of a treatment agent with the preparations having the stimulating properties. The most promising among all physical methods of the pre-sowing seed treatment is the microwave technology which suppresses the entire complex of the seed infection and can become an alternative to the chemical method of plant protection. The universal character and practical importance of MW technologies in combination with the growth regulating substances consist not only in the increase in the yield capacity of the field crops, but also in reducing the technogenic load on the environment. The peculiarity of EMF of EHF application in the agricultural production is the necessity to take into account the specific electro-physical, technological and biological properties of the crops, which high heterogeneity greatly influences the action of the electromagnetic energy and the final result.
{"title":"Pre-sowing seed treatment in winter wheat and spring barley cultivation","authors":"V. V. Bezpal'ko, S. Stankevych, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2020_291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_291","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in the cereal spike crops yield capacity under the current change of the climatic conditions in Ukraine will have a positive tendency in the nearest future, but the sustainable grain production under sharp weather fluctuations is possible only with the improvement of the agro-technological systems. The pre-sowing seed treatment with chemical synthesis pesticides remains the main method in the agricultural industry today. However, the pesticides inevitably have a negative influence on the ecosystem of any level. A more environmentally friendly method of seed treatment under the intensive technology is the combination of the microwave seed irradiation and seed incrustation with the plant growth regulators that provide an increase in the cereal crops yield capacity up to 15–20 %. It is possible to reduce the negative influence of chemical measures on the quality of the cereal crops seeds by using for the seed treatment a mixture of a treatment agent with the preparations having the stimulating properties. The most promising among all physical methods of the pre-sowing seed treatment is the microwave technology which suppresses the entire complex of the seed infection and can become an alternative to the chemical method of plant protection. The universal character and practical importance of MW technologies in combination with the growth regulating substances consist not only in the increase in the yield capacity of the field crops, but also in reducing the technogenic load on the environment. The peculiarity of EMF of EHF application in the agricultural production is the necessity to take into account the specific electro-physical, technological and biological properties of the crops, which high heterogeneity greatly influences the action of the electromagnetic energy and the final result.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48378270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. M. Kovalenko, G. Klymenko, S. Melnychuk, Iu. L. Skliar, O. S. Melnyk, K. Kyrylchuk, L. Bondarieva, I. Zubtsova, R. A. Yaroshchuk, S. V. Zherdetska
Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest relict plants in the existing seed plants. It is a historical heritage and living fossil. It is a world natural heritage unimaginable by human beings and a milestone in revealing nature's mysteries. The primary study areas with G. biloba plants are located in North-East Ukraine (Sumy region). A comparative analysis of the condition of seedlings in 2018 and 2019 was conducted. The plants were examined for the following morphological parameters: plant height, annual growth size, shoot diameter at the base, and the number of leaves. In two variants, about 100 plants were examined. The vitality analysis of seedlings with the establishment of their quality index is carried out. Studies of G. biloba leaves' morphological parameters from artificial plantations in Ukraine (Sumy) and natural plantations of China from the province were also carried out. Zhejiang province covers an area of 105,500 square kilometers and is located on the southeast coast of China. 118°01'-123°10'E bounds Zhejiang Province, 27°02'-31°11' N, east of the East China Sea, north of Shanghai, which is China's largest city, and Qiantang River is the largest river in Zhejiang. Its climate is Subtropical monsoon. The average annual rainfall is 980-2 000 mm, the average annual sunshine is 1710-2100 hours, and the average annual temperature is 15-18 °C. We selected three G. biloba groups for investigation and data collection. These three places are located west of Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province, about 5 kilometers apart. The G. biloba tree group in Guanshan, Lingshanwu, and Wuxie Village Zhejiang Province, China, were measured in 2019. The age of the trees ranges from 20 years to 500 years. The height is generally more than 15 meters, and the breast diameter is more than 20 cm. In order to ensure the randomness of the data, we choose a tree every 50 meters. Studies have shown a statistically significant difference between leaves from China and Ukraine. Simultaneously, the leaf blade's size was more extensive in the leaves of G. biloba from artificial plantations in Ukraine. Morphometric analysis of G. biloba plantations (Ukraine) showed statistically significant differences between plant morphological parameters in 2018 compared to 2019, which indicates the intensity of growth and the positive trends in plants' vegetative growth mass. Plant height increased from 26.68 ± 1.01 cm in 2018 to 40.07 ± 1.72 cm in 2019, the annual increase, respectively, from 10.34 ± 0.89 to 13.90 ± 0.92. Such an indicator as the shoot diameter at the base has tripled (from 0.42 ± 0.02 cm in 2018 to 1.41 ± 0.02 cm in 2019). Differences between all morphological parameters have high statistical reliability (from 0.01 to 0.001). The differences were confirmed by the results of vitality analysis, which showed an increase in plant quality and their transition from equilibrium in 2018 (Q = 0.300) to prosperous in 2019 (Q = 0.465), which indicates optimal growth conditions and confir
{"title":"Potential adaptation of Ginkgo biloba- comparative analysis of plants from China and Ukraine","authors":"I. M. Kovalenko, G. Klymenko, S. Melnychuk, Iu. L. Skliar, O. S. Melnyk, K. Kyrylchuk, L. Bondarieva, I. Zubtsova, R. A. Yaroshchuk, S. V. Zherdetska","doi":"10.15421/2020_301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_301","url":null,"abstract":"Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest relict plants in the existing seed plants. It is a historical heritage and living fossil. It is a world natural heritage unimaginable by human beings and a milestone in revealing nature's mysteries. The primary study areas with G. biloba plants are located in North-East Ukraine (Sumy region). A comparative analysis of the condition of seedlings in 2018 and 2019 was conducted. The plants were examined for the following morphological parameters: plant height, annual growth size, shoot diameter at the base, and the number of leaves. In two variants, about 100 plants were examined. The vitality analysis of seedlings with the establishment of their quality index is carried out. Studies of G. biloba leaves' morphological parameters from artificial plantations in Ukraine (Sumy) and natural plantations of China from the province were also carried out. Zhejiang province covers an area of 105,500 square kilometers and is located on the southeast coast of China. 118°01'-123°10'E bounds Zhejiang Province, 27°02'-31°11' N, east of the East China Sea, north of Shanghai, which is China's largest city, and Qiantang River is the largest river in Zhejiang. Its climate is Subtropical monsoon. The average annual rainfall is 980-2 000 mm, the average annual sunshine is 1710-2100 hours, and the average annual temperature is 15-18 °C. We selected three G. biloba groups for investigation and data collection. These three places are located west of Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province, about 5 kilometers apart. The G. biloba tree group in Guanshan, Lingshanwu, and Wuxie Village Zhejiang Province, China, were measured in 2019. The age of the trees ranges from 20 years to 500 years. The height is generally more than 15 meters, and the breast diameter is more than 20 cm. In order to ensure the randomness of the data, we choose a tree every 50 meters. Studies have shown a statistically significant difference between leaves from China and Ukraine. Simultaneously, the leaf blade's size was more extensive in the leaves of G. biloba from artificial plantations in Ukraine. Morphometric analysis of G. biloba plantations (Ukraine) showed statistically significant differences between plant morphological parameters in 2018 compared to 2019, which indicates the intensity of growth and the positive trends in plants' vegetative growth mass. Plant height increased from 26.68 ± 1.01 cm in 2018 to 40.07 ± 1.72 cm in 2019, the annual increase, respectively, from 10.34 ± 0.89 to 13.90 ± 0.92. Such an indicator as the shoot diameter at the base has tripled (from 0.42 ± 0.02 cm in 2018 to 1.41 ± 0.02 cm in 2019). Differences between all morphological parameters have high statistical reliability (from 0.01 to 0.001). The differences were confirmed by the results of vitality analysis, which showed an increase in plant quality and their transition from equilibrium in 2018 (Q = 0.300) to prosperous in 2019 (Q = 0.465), which indicates optimal growth conditions and confir","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43844872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Zazharskyi, P. Davydenko, O. Bigdan, A. S. Hotsulia, O. Kulishenko, B. Gutyj, V. Salata, M. Khimych, H. Skrypka, O. V. Naidich, M. Anforova, I. M. Popova, L. Franchuk-Kryva
The problem of tuberculosis infection caused by multidrug-resistant strains is becoming increasingly important in the world. This infectious disease poses a global health risk with an incidence rate of 8.8 million cases and a fatal outcome of 1.4 million. Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the number of cases of tuberculosis and the development of active tuberculosis. Therefore, the search for substances with potential anti-TB activity is a promising way to solve this problem. 1,2,4-triazole derivatives – one of the interesting classes of anti-TB compounds. The study of their tuberculocidal, tuberculostatic properties, as well as MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) was promising in relation to mycobacteria of different species. The work was conducted in 2019–2020 at Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University. M. bovis and M. fortuitum mycobacterial species were selected for the study. The investigation of MIC levels for isoniazid, GKP-305, BKP-100 revealed that the growth of M. fortuitum had begun at 12th and 14th day on Sauton and Model media modified with 0.125% hydrogumate solution, respectively, whereas growth on pure Sauton and Model media was observed on the 25th and 28th day, respectively. It indicates that modification of Sauton and Model media with 0.125% hydrogumate solution doubles growth rate of M. fortuitum. As for isoniazid added to Sauton medium, MIC in case of M. fortuitum was impossible to determine since the growth was observed even at 50 µg/mL. With respect to GKP-305 added to Sauton medium, MIC was 50 µg/mL, which was concluded by the absence of growth. However, in the range of 25 to 0.19 µg/mL, isolated flakes of the colony with matte finish up to strong, noticeable strokes of the colonies with matte finish, which become well apparent at shaking, were observed. Having conducted studies on MIC determination on M. bovis and M. fortuitum using various growth media, it was established that MIC for isoniazid, GKP-305, BKP-100 applied on M. fortuitum in Sauton medium was 50 µg/mL; on Model medium, only MIC for BKP-100 on M. fortuitum could be determined, which was 50 µg/mL; similar results were obtained for 0.125% hydrogumate-modified Sauton medium and 0.125% hydrogumate-modified Model medium (MIC for BKP-100 was 50 µg/mL). The studies revealed the potential teberculocidal and tuberculostatic ability of the studied drugs GKP-305 and BKP-100 in relation to M. fortuitum and M. bovis. Isoniazid was used as a control. High efficacy was found in BKP-100 in relation to mycobacteria (MIC from 12.5 to 50 μg /mL). GKP-305 showed a tuberculostatic effect.
{"title":"Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of some 1,2,4-triazole derivatives with potential tuberculostatic and tuberculocidal ability in vitro","authors":"V. Zazharskyi, P. Davydenko, O. Bigdan, A. S. Hotsulia, O. Kulishenko, B. Gutyj, V. Salata, M. Khimych, H. Skrypka, O. V. Naidich, M. Anforova, I. M. Popova, L. Franchuk-Kryva","doi":"10.15421/2020_274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_274","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of tuberculosis infection caused by multidrug-resistant strains is becoming increasingly important in the world. This infectious disease poses a global health risk with an incidence rate of 8.8 million cases and a fatal outcome of 1.4 million. Coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the number of cases of tuberculosis and the development of active tuberculosis. Therefore, the search for substances with potential anti-TB activity is a promising way to solve this problem. 1,2,4-triazole derivatives – one of the interesting classes of anti-TB compounds. The study of their tuberculocidal, tuberculostatic properties, as well as MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) was promising in relation to mycobacteria of different species. The work was conducted in 2019–2020 at Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University. M. bovis and M. fortuitum mycobacterial species were selected for the study. The investigation of MIC levels for isoniazid, GKP-305, BKP-100 revealed that the growth of M. fortuitum had begun at 12th and 14th day on Sauton and Model media modified with 0.125% hydrogumate solution, respectively, whereas growth on pure Sauton and Model media was observed on the 25th and 28th day, respectively. It indicates that modification of Sauton and Model media with 0.125% hydrogumate solution doubles growth rate of M. fortuitum. As for isoniazid added to Sauton medium, MIC in case of M. fortuitum was impossible to determine since the growth was observed even at 50 µg/mL. With respect to GKP-305 added to Sauton medium, MIC was 50 µg/mL, which was concluded by the absence of growth. However, in the range of 25 to 0.19 µg/mL, isolated flakes of the colony with matte finish up to strong, noticeable strokes of the colonies with matte finish, which become well apparent at shaking, were observed. Having conducted studies on MIC determination on M. bovis and M. fortuitum using various growth media, it was established that MIC for isoniazid, GKP-305, BKP-100 applied on M. fortuitum in Sauton medium was 50 µg/mL; on Model medium, only MIC for BKP-100 on M. fortuitum could be determined, which was 50 µg/mL; similar results were obtained for 0.125% hydrogumate-modified Sauton medium and 0.125% hydrogumate-modified Model medium (MIC for BKP-100 was 50 µg/mL). The studies revealed the potential teberculocidal and tuberculostatic ability of the studied drugs GKP-305 and BKP-100 in relation to M. fortuitum and M. bovis. Isoniazid was used as a control. High efficacy was found in BKP-100 in relation to mycobacteria (MIC from 12.5 to 50 μg /mL). GKP-305 showed a tuberculostatic effect.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42382199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article summarized an experience of analysis of the development of ideas in the methodological sphere of recreational geography in connection with the problem of studying the quality of the human environment. And also due to the active development of rural tourism and increased interest in food quality, the most important of which is honey. We applied the generally accepted methods for assessing the tourist and recreational potential of the territory and the results of additional melissopalinological analysis on the example of the Charysh district of the Altai region. An expanded approach in assessing tourism and recreational potential is important for the development of rural tourism, interested administrative and economic entities to create coordinated decisions on the economic development of the Altai region.
{"title":"Assessment of area tourist-recreational potential with honey palinological research","authors":"G. Nenasheva, Y. Kozyreva","doi":"10.15421/2020_286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_286","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarized an experience of analysis of the development of ideas in the methodological sphere of recreational geography in connection with the problem of studying the quality of the human environment. And also due to the active development of rural tourism and increased interest in food quality, the most important of which is honey. We applied the generally accepted methods for assessing the tourist and recreational potential of the territory and the results of additional melissopalinological analysis on the example of the Charysh district of the Altai region. An expanded approach in assessing tourism and recreational potential is important for the development of rural tourism, interested administrative and economic entities to create coordinated decisions on the economic development of the Altai region.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42076229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is devoted to research of conceptual models of public administration for modern Russia, definition of its features in the conditions of digitalization. The conditions and existing results of reforming the system of Russian public administration, modern concepts of modernization of public administration and their priorities in the Russian legal system, existing socio-economic, political and other challenges are analyzed. The analysis of sources of foreign and Russian literature, the ongoing transformations in the Russian public administration system illustrate the inevitability of modernization of classical postulates of public administration in Russia towards democratization. It is noted that taking into account the peculiarities of the notion of "public administration" as a legal category, scientific theories about the service model of the state actively developed by foreign and Russian researchers in the field of public administration are not acceptable for the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the fact that the fundamental constitutional principles, global challenges of our time and others make it necessary for Russia to have a "strong" state, the key goal of which is to ensure individual rights and freedoms. Accordingly, it is necessary to strengthen further development of the scientific constitutional and legal direction in the area under consideration.
{"title":"Public administration in modern Russia: ecological consequences of the digitalization","authors":"N. Kandrina, O. Kazantseva, L. Konovalova","doi":"10.15421/2020_277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_277","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to research of conceptual models of public administration for modern Russia, definition of its features in the conditions of digitalization. The conditions and existing results of reforming the system of Russian public administration, modern concepts of modernization of public administration and their priorities in the Russian legal system, existing socio-economic, political and other challenges are analyzed. The analysis of sources of foreign and Russian literature, the ongoing transformations in the Russian public administration system illustrate the inevitability of modernization of classical postulates of public administration in Russia towards democratization. It is noted that taking into account the peculiarities of the notion of \"public administration\" as a legal category, scientific theories about the service model of the state actively developed by foreign and Russian researchers in the field of public administration are not acceptable for the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the fact that the fundamental constitutional principles, global challenges of our time and others make it necessary for Russia to have a \"strong\" state, the key goal of which is to ensure individual rights and freedoms. Accordingly, it is necessary to strengthen further development of the scientific constitutional and legal direction in the area under consideration.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42183089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Ya. Fedonyuk, I. Pryvrotska, S. S. Podobivskyi, O. Yu. Rujytska, Y. Stravskyy, S. V. Zhyhalyuk
Considering the geographical position of Ukraine, which is located on the border of several physical and geographical zones, the country has a significant variety of parasitic invertebrates and requires constant monitoring in the current integration conditions. Nowadays climatic changes and anthropogenic effect have an impact on ecosystems organization and cause the incidence of transmissible diseases, including tick-borne infections. In order to prevent the spread of pathogens, there is a necessity to analyze modern data of Ixodidae genus ticks, as components of natural and focal humans and animals diseases, their ecological features, behavioral responses, features of biotopic spread, biological patterns, their epidemiological significance. Our review analysis revealed that all stages of tick development depend on three major natural factors: temperature, humidity, duration of the photoperiod, and the presence of a host. Particularly important is the combination of the first two factors that determines the occurrence of two peaks of the number of ticks in April - May and in August – September, the last is less extended. At this time of year the nymphs and imago density increases and their infectious agents rate is increased too. The study of the epidemiological condition proves the fact that nymphs and imago of I. ricinus are equally infected with the most common pathogens of infections: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl) and Borrelia miyamotoi, rickettsiae bacteria (Anaplasma phagocytophilum), flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus and deer tick virus) and the protozoans (Babesia microti, Babesia duncani, Babesia divergens and Babesia venatorum). Often there is a different combination of these pathogens in the one tick. The infectious agents rate have an impact on the ticks behavior differences in the feeding duration, increasing ticks bites frequency, decreasing of blood feeding, and a prolongation of the life cycle. Therefore within the transboundary territories the urgent control of agents and vectors of infectious and invasive animals and humans diseases is required, studying changes of migrant thermophilic species habitats geography, and systematic measures for the prevention of parasites implementation is needed. Key words: I. ricinus, I. persulcatus, Lime borreliosis, Borrelia ssp., A. phagocytophilum, babesia, rodents
{"title":"Ticks of genus Ixodidae: bioecological mechanisms of adaptation to environmental conditions, medical and epidemiological significance","authors":"L. Ya. Fedonyuk, I. Pryvrotska, S. S. Podobivskyi, O. Yu. Rujytska, Y. Stravskyy, S. V. Zhyhalyuk","doi":"10.15421/2020_288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_288","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the geographical position of Ukraine, which is located on the border of several physical and geographical zones, the country has a significant variety of parasitic invertebrates and requires constant monitoring in the current integration conditions. Nowadays climatic changes and anthropogenic effect have an impact on ecosystems organization and cause the incidence of transmissible diseases, including tick-borne infections. In order to prevent the spread of pathogens, there is a necessity to analyze modern data of Ixodidae genus ticks, as components of natural and focal humans and animals diseases, their ecological features, behavioral responses, features of biotopic spread, biological patterns, their epidemiological significance. Our review analysis revealed that all stages of tick development depend on three major natural factors: temperature, humidity, duration of the photoperiod, and the presence of a host. Particularly important is the combination of the first two factors that determines the occurrence of two peaks of the number of ticks in April - May and in August – September, the last is less extended. At this time of year the nymphs and imago density increases and their infectious agents rate is increased too. The study of the epidemiological condition proves the fact that nymphs and imago of I. ricinus are equally infected with the most common pathogens of infections: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl) and Borrelia miyamotoi, rickettsiae bacteria (Anaplasma phagocytophilum), flaviviruses (tick-borne encephalitis virus and deer tick virus) and the protozoans (Babesia microti, Babesia duncani, Babesia divergens and Babesia venatorum). Often there is a different combination of these pathogens in the one tick. The infectious agents rate have an impact on the ticks behavior differences in the feeding duration, increasing ticks bites frequency, decreasing of blood feeding, and a prolongation of the life cycle. Therefore within the transboundary territories the urgent control of agents and vectors of infectious and invasive animals and humans diseases is required, studying changes of migrant thermophilic species habitats geography, and systematic measures for the prevention of parasites implementation is needed. \u0000 \u0000Key words: I. ricinus, I. persulcatus, Lime borreliosis, Borrelia ssp., A. phagocytophilum, babesia, rodents","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"236-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47519391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Karbivska, A. O. Butenko, yba, S. Berdin, V. Rozhko, O. Karpenko, O. Bakumenko, D. Tymchuk, A. S. Chyrva
The influence of fertilization on chemical composition and quality of fodder from cereal grasses has been studied. It was found that the highest indices of crude protein were observed in the variant with Dactylis glomerata and Lolium perenne 11.2-11.4%, which is 0.9-1.1% more than Phalaris arundinacea. When applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the crude protein content increased by 0.1-0.2%, and with complete fertilization - 4.2-4.4%. On average, over the years of research, a grass factor was influential on the yield of 1 ha of dry mass with a share of 36%. Meanwhile, the share of fertilizer factor was 64%.
{"title":"Effect of fertilization on the chemical composition and quality of cereal grasses fodder with different ripeness","authors":"U. Karbivska, A. O. Butenko, yba, S. Berdin, V. Rozhko, O. Karpenko, O. Bakumenko, D. Tymchuk, A. S. Chyrva","doi":"10.15421/2020_262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_262","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of fertilization on chemical composition and quality of fodder from cereal grasses has been studied. It was found that the highest indices of crude protein were observed in the variant with Dactylis glomerata and Lolium perenne 11.2-11.4%, which is 0.9-1.1% more than Phalaris arundinacea. When applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, the crude protein content increased by 0.1-0.2%, and with complete fertilization - 4.2-4.4%. On average, over the years of research, a grass factor was influential on the yield of 1 ha of dry mass with a share of 36%. Meanwhile, the share of fertilizer factor was 64%.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47242529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Novytskyi, V. Kondratiuk, M. S. Gruntkovskyi, S. Gryshchenko, N. Hryshchenko, I. S. Mytyay
The analysis of the common partridge number dynamics during the first 15 years of the XXI century testified to its moderately fluctuating type with a tendency to dynamic reduction from 2000 to 2007. During the next 7-year period, there was a certain stabilization of the local population, which formed the lower plateau of indices within the range from 3.72 to 4.77 thousand individuals in 2007 and 2014, respectively. A 4-year cyclicity in changes of the local partridge cenopopulation dynamics was revealed. In general, 1-4 years of recession were followed by 1-2 years of relatively insignificant rise. It is worth noting, almost every subsequent peak did not reach the level of previous ones. The amplitude of fluctuations between the maximum (10.65 thousand specimens) and minimum (3.72 thousand specimens) values of the calculated birds in the regional lands was 6.94 thousand specimens, or 65.1% of the maximum. The mean density of birds in the lands during the study period was only 2.3±0.03 birds/thousand ha, with fluctuations from 5.3 to 1.8 birds/thousand ha. The duration of the period between the maximum (2000) and minimum (2007) numbers was 7 years, and the mean number for the study period was 4.63±0.057 thousand birds in the total area of over 2,018 thousand ha. At that time, during the study period, the upper population plateau was not recorded at all. Such changes are most likely due to the high degree of "predation" of the common fox, mass poaching, weak biotechnical measures, unsatisfactory natural fodder base in critical periods of the year and non-compliance with agricultural standards by farmers.
{"title":"Common partridge (Perdix perdix L.) in agrolandscapes of Central Ukraine: population dynamics and environmental implications","authors":"V. Novytskyi, V. Kondratiuk, M. S. Gruntkovskyi, S. Gryshchenko, N. Hryshchenko, I. S. Mytyay","doi":"10.15421/2020_292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_292","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the common partridge number dynamics during the first 15 years of the XXI century testified to its moderately fluctuating type with a tendency to dynamic reduction from 2000 to 2007. During the next 7-year period, there was a certain stabilization of the local population, which formed the lower plateau of indices within the range from 3.72 to 4.77 thousand individuals in 2007 and 2014, respectively. A 4-year cyclicity in changes of the local partridge cenopopulation dynamics was revealed. In general, 1-4 years of recession were followed by 1-2 years of relatively insignificant rise. It is worth noting, almost every subsequent peak did not reach the level of previous ones. The amplitude of fluctuations between the maximum (10.65 thousand specimens) and minimum (3.72 thousand specimens) values of the calculated birds in the regional lands was 6.94 thousand specimens, or 65.1% of the maximum. The mean density of birds in the lands during the study period was only 2.3±0.03 birds/thousand ha, with fluctuations from 5.3 to 1.8 birds/thousand ha. The duration of the period between the maximum (2000) and minimum (2007) numbers was 7 years, and the mean number for the study period was 4.63±0.057 thousand birds in the total area of over 2,018 thousand ha. At that time, during the study period, the upper population plateau was not recorded at all. Such changes are most likely due to the high degree of \"predation\" of the common fox, mass poaching, weak biotechnical measures, unsatisfactory natural fodder base in critical periods of the year and non-compliance with agricultural standards by farmers.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67598780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitalina Karaulna, L. V. Ezerkovska, I. Prymak, Y. Fedoruk, S. Chernyuk, L. Karpuk, A. Pavlichenko, S. Polishchuk, S. Kubrak, V. V. Bilkevich, N. Fedoruk
The article presents the results of investigations on the determination of the content of organochlorine pesticides and DDT in the milk samples obtained in some settlements (village Movchanivka, Leninske, Mali Lisivtsi, Velikopolovetskye, and Pustovarivka), Skvirsky district, Kyiv oblast. The analysis of fat and protein content in milk in the winter and summer periods of the year. We registered that in the winter period with an increase of fat content in the milk, the concentration of DDT and its derivatives also increases. The content of organochlorine compounds in cow's milk did not exceed the maximum permissible level. In case of prolonged inflow of pesticide residues with food products into the human organism or feed into the animal organism, toxic substances gradually accumulate in them and have a negative influence on different functional systems of organisms, causing disturbances in their work. Purification from harmful substances is carried out by metabolic conversion of toxicants into more mobile in tissues compounds that can be more easily removed from the body. The process of removal of harmful substances, including metabolites of pesticides from the body warm-blooded with biological fluids and fecal masses is very long, and its intensity is mostly due to the degree of toxic load of xenobiotics on a person or animal. An indicator of the degree and quality of toxic exposure of humans and domestic animals to pesticides that live in a particular agricultural region may be the levels of these pesticides in human and warm-blooded milk. However, the most convenient and affordable indicator of pesticide exposure to organisms may be found in cattle milk, primarily cow milk. The great advantage of this object of toxic load indication is the unlimited possibility of biomaterial selection and deficiency of volumes, necessary for sanitary and hygienic researches because herds of cattle are almost in every farm of different agricultural regions.
{"title":"Influence of the seasonal and compositional changes on 4,4-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) contamination in cows milk","authors":"Vitalina Karaulna, L. V. Ezerkovska, I. Prymak, Y. Fedoruk, S. Chernyuk, L. Karpuk, A. Pavlichenko, S. Polishchuk, S. Kubrak, V. V. Bilkevich, N. Fedoruk","doi":"10.15421/2020_278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_278","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of investigations on the determination of the content of organochlorine pesticides and DDT in the milk samples obtained in some settlements (village Movchanivka, Leninske, Mali Lisivtsi, Velikopolovetskye, and Pustovarivka), Skvirsky district, Kyiv oblast. The analysis of fat and protein content in milk in the winter and summer periods of the year. We registered that in the winter period with an increase of fat content in the milk, the concentration of DDT and its derivatives also increases. The content of organochlorine compounds in cow's milk did not exceed the maximum permissible level. In case of prolonged inflow of pesticide residues with food products into the human organism or feed into the animal organism, toxic substances gradually accumulate in them and have a negative influence on different functional systems of organisms, causing disturbances in their work. Purification from harmful substances is carried out by metabolic conversion of toxicants into more mobile in tissues compounds that can be more easily removed from the body. The process of removal of harmful substances, including metabolites of pesticides from the body warm-blooded with biological fluids and fecal masses is very long, and its intensity is mostly due to the degree of toxic load of xenobiotics on a person or animal. An indicator of the degree and quality of toxic exposure of humans and domestic animals to pesticides that live in a particular agricultural region may be the levels of these pesticides in human and warm-blooded milk. However, the most convenient and affordable indicator of pesticide exposure to organisms may be found in cattle milk, primarily cow milk. The great advantage of this object of toxic load indication is the unlimited possibility of biomaterial selection and deficiency of volumes, necessary for sanitary and hygienic researches because herds of cattle are almost in every farm of different agricultural regions.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49607644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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