A. Kramarenko, Zh.V. Ignatenko, O. Yulevich, Y. Barkar, A. Markowska, O. O. Salamatina, V. M. Stamat, S. Kramarenko
The main goal of this paper was to analyze intrapopulation variation of both morphological traits and shell banding polymorphism using the example of a continuous population (a metapopulation) of the land snail Cepaea vindobonensis (Férussac, 1821). A total of 14 samples of the land snail C. vindobonensis from a population located in the “Dubki” Park (Ukraine, Mykolayiv) were collected in May-July 2007. The land snail collection sites are divided into three areas by buildings and asphalt roads, indicated by the Latin letters A, B and C. The major diameter of shell (MJD), the minor diameter of shell (MID) and the shell height (SH) were measured with a digital calliper to the nearest 0.05 mm. Two shell shape indices (SF1 and SF2) were also computed. A high level of the intrapopulation variation of the land snail C. vindobonensis was found in our study. Significant differences between sample means were found for all shell traits and indices used (except for SF1), however, maximum difference was noted for SH and SF2 (in both cases: P < 0.001). About 80% of the total variation of the variance-covariance matrix was explained by the 1 and 2 Principal Components (PC1 and PC2). The PC1 was characterized by high positive factor loadings of MJD, MID and SH and thus can be interpreted as “shell size dimension” and the PC2 had a high correlation with SF2 and thus it can be interpreted as “shell globularity”. The PC1 and PC2 determined a high level of spatial differentiation of intrapopulation morphological variation of the land snail C. vindobonensis. Samples with small (area A) and large (areas B and C) shells were separated from each other according to the PC1. Areas B and C were characterized by individuals with flatness and globularity shells, respectively. The areas A, B and C differed significantly in the total number of morphs, average number of morphs and frequency of rare morphs (Kruskal-Wallis H-test; in all cases P < 0.010). At the same time, the highest value of phenetic diversity was noted for samples collected within A and C areas. In general all phenetic diversity estimators showed a positive correlation with sample size (Spearman's correlation coefficient; in all cases P < 0.05). It was found that the type of biotope did not likely affect the frequency of individual morphs with respect to the shell banding polymorphism pattern. With regard to the most common morphs two patterns of the spatial arrangement of the intrapopulation variation were found – clinal pattern was for the frequency of pallescens morph and chaotic pattern was for frequency of “12345” morph.
{"title":"Intrapopulation variation in shell morphological traits and banding polymorphism of the land snail Cepaea vindobonensis (Gastropoda; Pulmonata; Helicidae)","authors":"A. Kramarenko, Zh.V. Ignatenko, O. Yulevich, Y. Barkar, A. Markowska, O. O. Salamatina, V. M. Stamat, S. Kramarenko","doi":"10.15421/2020_215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_215","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this paper was to analyze intrapopulation variation of both morphological traits and shell banding polymorphism using the example of a continuous population (a metapopulation) of the land snail Cepaea vindobonensis (Férussac, 1821). A total of 14 samples of the land snail C. vindobonensis from a population located in the “Dubki” Park (Ukraine, Mykolayiv) were collected in May-July 2007. The land snail collection sites are divided into three areas by buildings and asphalt roads, indicated by the Latin letters A, B and C. The major diameter of shell (MJD), the minor diameter of shell (MID) and the shell height (SH) were measured with a digital calliper to the nearest 0.05 mm. Two shell shape indices (SF1 and SF2) were also computed. A high level of the intrapopulation variation of the land snail C. vindobonensis was found in our study. Significant differences between sample means were found for all shell traits and indices used (except for SF1), however, maximum difference was noted for SH and SF2 (in both cases: P < 0.001). About 80% of the total variation of the variance-covariance matrix was explained by the 1 and 2 Principal Components (PC1 and PC2). The PC1 was characterized by high positive factor loadings of MJD, MID and SH and thus can be interpreted as “shell size dimension” and the PC2 had a high correlation with SF2 and thus it can be interpreted as “shell globularity”. The PC1 and PC2 determined a high level of spatial differentiation of intrapopulation morphological variation of the land snail C. vindobonensis. Samples with small (area A) and large (areas B and C) shells were separated from each other according to the PC1. Areas B and C were characterized by individuals with flatness and globularity shells, respectively. The areas A, B and C differed significantly in the total number of morphs, average number of morphs and frequency of rare morphs (Kruskal-Wallis H-test; in all cases P < 0.010). At the same time, the highest value of phenetic diversity was noted for samples collected within A and C areas. In general all phenetic diversity estimators showed a positive correlation with sample size (Spearman's correlation coefficient; in all cases P < 0.05). It was found that the type of biotope did not likely affect the frequency of individual morphs with respect to the shell banding polymorphism pattern. With regard to the most common morphs two patterns of the spatial arrangement of the intrapopulation variation were found – clinal pattern was for the frequency of pallescens morph and chaotic pattern was for frequency of “12345” morph.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"114-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44499236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of work was the estimation of valuable traits of bread wheat breeding lines, obtained from interspecies crosses with wild Aegilops and Triticum species growing in a condition of the ForestSteppe of Ukraine. We used the seed proteins electrophoresis in PAAG for confirmation of the presence of rye seed storage components in the wheat parental lines genomes. The biochemical compositions of seeds had determined by the infrared spectroscopy method. As a result of researching from the set of 600 breeding lines were selected best lines with increased grain yield from 1 m2, with high protein content in grain, disease resistance, and winter hardiness significantly exceeded the standard variety Polesskaya-90. All lines have high and moderate resistance against diseases: Powdery Mildew, Brown Rust, Septoria Blotch. Based on obtained data had selected breeding lines, which were promising sources of single and complex agronomically valuable traits for bread wheat breeding and genetic researches.
{"title":"Identification of prospective sources of agronomically-valuable traits of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) among breeding lines in the condition of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"S. Kovalchuk, S. I. Voloschuk, N. Kozub","doi":"10.15421/2020_240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_240","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of work was the estimation of valuable traits of bread wheat breeding lines, obtained from interspecies crosses with wild Aegilops and Triticum species growing in a condition of the ForestSteppe of Ukraine. We used the seed proteins electrophoresis in PAAG for confirmation of the presence of rye seed storage components in the wheat parental lines genomes. The biochemical compositions of seeds had determined by the infrared spectroscopy method. As a result of researching from the set of 600 breeding lines were selected best lines with increased grain yield from 1 m2, with high protein content in grain, disease resistance, and winter hardiness significantly exceeded the standard variety Polesskaya-90. All lines have high and moderate resistance against diseases: Powdery Mildew, Brown Rust, Septoria Blotch. Based on obtained data had selected breeding lines, which were promising sources of single and complex agronomically valuable traits for bread wheat breeding and genetic researches.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"253-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43888571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Karpenko, S. Poltoretskyi, V. Liubych, D. Adamenko, I. S. Kravets, R. Prytuliak
Estimation of spelt wheat and the species of intermediate wheatgrass by the main agrobiological indicators (calendar dates of the beginning of the main phases of plant development, plant height dynamics, dry mass accumulation, grain yield and protein content) compared to soft wheat was done. The index of stability of grain yield formation was determined. It was found that the main phases of development in spelt wheat occurred on average 10–15 days later than in soft wheat. Plants of intermediate wheatgrass in the first year of cultivation had slower growth. The main phases of development in plants of intermediate wheatgrass of the second and third year of growth occurred almost in the same time with soft wheat. It was established that spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass were significantly superior to soft wheat in plant height. In the earing phase, the height of these plants was on average more than 100 cm, which had to be taken into account when growing these crops. It varied from 25 to 42 cm in spelt wheat and from 29 to 57 cm in intermediate wheatgrass during the stem elongation phase depending on the weather conditions of the research year. This indicator ranged from 107 to 113 cm and from 96 to 117 cm, respectively, in the earing phase, and from 137 to 168 cm and from 107 to 196 cm in the phase of milk ripeness of grain. Plants of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass had a high stability index of the formation of dry matter and grain yield. It should be noted that intermediate wheatgrass formed a significant vegetative mass even in the earing phase. The vegetative mass in spelt wheat was formed during the earing period – full ripeness of grain. These crops (spelt wheat – 22.1 ± 0.4, intermediate wheatgrass – 22.4–24.6 ± 0.2–0.5) were significantly superior to soft wheat (12.1 ± 0.5) by the content of protein in grain, so it was recommended to involve them in the selection programs to create species with high productivity. However, spelt wheat (5.58 ± 0.13) was less and intermediate wheatgrass (0.98–1.22 ± 0.14–0.18) was the most inferior to soft wheat (8.03 ± 0.27) in terms of grain yield. Keywords: Spelt wheat; intermediate wheatgrass; plant height; plant development phases; dry mass; yield; protein References Hendrickson, J. R. (2014). Tillage and grazing impact on annual crop yields following conversion from perennial grass to annual crops. Crop Management, 13(1), 613–627. Bajgain, P., Zhang, X., Jungers, J., DeHaan, L., Heim, B., Sheaffer, C., Wyse, D., Anderson, J. (2020). ‘MN�?�Clearwater’, the first food�?�grade intermediate wheatgrass (Kernza perennial grain) cultivar. Journal of Plant Registrations. Zhong, Y., Mogoginta, J., Gayin, J., Annor, G. (2019). Starch hydrolysis kinetics of intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) flour and its effects on the unit chain profile of its resistant starch fraction. Cereal Chemistry, 96(3). 564–574. doi: 10.1002/cche.10156. Oliveira, G., Brunsell, N. A., &
{"title":"Agrobiological characteristics of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"V. Karpenko, S. Poltoretskyi, V. Liubych, D. Adamenko, I. S. Kravets, R. Prytuliak","doi":"10.15421/2020_210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_210","url":null,"abstract":"Estimation of spelt wheat and the species of intermediate wheatgrass by the main agrobiological indicators (calendar dates of the beginning of the main phases of plant development, plant height dynamics, dry mass accumulation, grain yield and protein content) compared to soft wheat was done. The index of stability of grain yield formation was determined. It was found that the main phases of development in spelt wheat occurred on average 10–15 days later than in soft wheat. Plants of intermediate wheatgrass in the first year of cultivation had slower growth. The main phases of development in plants of intermediate wheatgrass of the second and third year of growth occurred almost in the same time with soft wheat. It was established that spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass were significantly superior to soft wheat in plant height. In the earing phase, the height of these plants was on average more than 100 cm, which had to be taken into account when growing these crops. It varied from 25 to 42 cm in spelt wheat and from 29 to 57 cm in intermediate wheatgrass during the stem elongation phase depending on the weather conditions of the research year. This indicator ranged from 107 to 113 cm and from 96 to 117 cm, respectively, in the earing phase, and from 137 to 168 cm and from 107 to 196 cm in the phase of milk ripeness of grain. Plants of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass had a high stability index of the formation of dry matter and grain yield. It should be noted that intermediate wheatgrass formed a significant vegetative mass even in the earing phase. The vegetative mass in spelt wheat was formed during the earing period – full ripeness of grain. These crops (spelt wheat – 22.1 ± 0.4, intermediate wheatgrass – 22.4–24.6 ± 0.2–0.5) were significantly superior to soft wheat (12.1 ± 0.5) by the content of protein in grain, so it was recommended to involve them in the selection programs to create species with high productivity. However, spelt wheat (5.58 ± 0.13) was less and intermediate wheatgrass (0.98–1.22 ± 0.14–0.18) was the most inferior to soft wheat (8.03 ± 0.27) in terms of grain yield. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Spelt wheat; intermediate wheatgrass; plant height; plant development phases; dry mass; yield; protein \u0000 \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000Hendrickson, J. R. (2014). Tillage and grazing impact on annual crop yields following conversion from perennial grass to annual crops. Crop Management, 13(1), 613–627. \u0000 \u0000Bajgain, P., Zhang, X., Jungers, J., DeHaan, L., Heim, B., Sheaffer, C., Wyse, D., Anderson, J. (2020). ‘MN�?�Clearwater’, the first food�?�grade intermediate wheatgrass (Kernza perennial grain) cultivar. Journal of Plant Registrations. \u0000 \u0000Zhong, Y., Mogoginta, J., Gayin, J., Annor, G. (2019). Starch hydrolysis kinetics of intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) flour and its effects on the unit chain profile of its resistant starch fraction. Cereal Chemistry, 96(3). 564–574. doi: 10.1002/cche.10156. \u0000 \u0000Oliveira, G., Brunsell, N. A., & ","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 3","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41263652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
National Higher School of Agronomy 16200 El Harrach Algiers, Algeria Laboratory of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty S.N.V University of Blida 1 – Algeria Corresponding author email: m.biche@ensa.dz Received: 08.10.2020. Accepted: 20.11.2020 In order to establish the better communication between applied entomology and fundamental ecology to consider an integrated control against the Australian cochineal Icerya purchasi Maskell, 1879 (Homoptera: Margarodidae) the most formidable pest for citrus fruits, a study on the Spatio-temporal dynamics of the parasite were followed for two years in a clementine orchard in Western Mitidja in Algeria. Ten-day samples of leaves and twigs were carried out from 2017 to 2018. The level of I. purchasi infestation is very high throughout the study period when the minimum threshold exceeds 400 individuals, with three intense periods of infestations: spring, summer and fall during the two years. The population of young larval stages is the largest during the two years of study with 13,323 individuals (62.8 %) and 13,968 individuals (54.4 %) in 2017 and 2018 respectively against 7896 individuals (37.2 %) in 2017 and 11,715 individuals (33.5 %) in 2018 for adults. Tukey's pairwise comparison test on the companion plan shows that the 2018 one is the most important from an overall effective point of view (ANOVA, p <0.01, Tukey's test p<0. 01). The Cross-Correlation Test shows the presence of a time lag (p = 0.0371, p<0.05) and the maximum overall abundance was reported around mid-July for both campaigns. Statistical tests show that females show the same fertility during the two campaigns (ANOVA, p >0.05). peak fertility in 2017 was reported in mid-June, while peak fertility was reported in mid-July for the 2018 campaign. The Cross-Correlation Test shows a very significant time lag from one month to another (p = 0.0064, p <0.01)
国家高等农学学院16200 El Harrach阿尔及尔，阿尔及利亚布利达大学生物技术系药用和芳香植物实验室1–阿尔及利亚通讯作者电子邮件：m.biche@ensa.dz收到时间：2020年10月8日。接受时间：2020年11月20日为了在应用昆虫学和基础生态学之间建立更好的沟通，考虑对澳大利亚胭脂虫Icerya purchasi Maskell，1879（同翅目：Margarodidae）进行综合防治，该害虫是柑橘类水果中最可怕的害虫，在阿尔及利亚西密蒂贾的一个克莱门汀果园中，对该寄生虫的时空动态进行了为期两年的研究。2017年至2018年进行了为期10天的树叶和细枝样本。在整个研究期间，当最低阈值超过400只时，蒲氏菌的感染水平非常高，有三个强烈的感染期：春季、夏季和秋季。在两年的研究中，幼虫期种群数量最多，2017年和2018年分别为13323只（62.8%）和13968只（54.4%），而2017年为7896只（37.2%），2018年为11715只（33.5%）。Tukey对配套计划的成对比较测试表明，从总体有效的角度来看，2018年的计划是最重要的（ANOVA，p 0.05）。2017年的生育率峰值报告在6月中旬，而2018年的生育高峰报告在7月中旬。交叉相关检验显示，从一个月到另一个月有非常显著的时间滞后（p=0.0064，p<0.01）
{"title":"Ecology of Icerya purchasi Maskell, 1879 (Homoptera: Margarodidae) on clementine trees at Sidi Moussa (Central Mitidja, Algeria)","authors":"L. Boukhobza, R. Belguendouz, M. Biche","doi":"10.15421/2020_247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_247","url":null,"abstract":"National Higher School of Agronomy 16200 El Harrach Algiers, Algeria Laboratory of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Department of Biotechnologies, Faculty S.N.V University of Blida 1 – Algeria Corresponding author email: m.biche@ensa.dz Received: 08.10.2020. Accepted: 20.11.2020 In order to establish the better communication between applied entomology and fundamental ecology to consider an integrated control against the Australian cochineal Icerya purchasi Maskell, 1879 (Homoptera: Margarodidae) the most formidable pest for citrus fruits, a study on the Spatio-temporal dynamics of the parasite were followed for two years in a clementine orchard in Western Mitidja in Algeria. Ten-day samples of leaves and twigs were carried out from 2017 to 2018. The level of I. purchasi infestation is very high throughout the study period when the minimum threshold exceeds 400 individuals, with three intense periods of infestations: spring, summer and fall during the two years. The population of young larval stages is the largest during the two years of study with 13,323 individuals (62.8 %) and 13,968 individuals (54.4 %) in 2017 and 2018 respectively against 7896 individuals (37.2 %) in 2017 and 11,715 individuals (33.5 %) in 2018 for adults. Tukey's pairwise comparison test on the companion plan shows that the 2018 one is the most important from an overall effective point of view (ANOVA, p <0.01, Tukey's test p<0. 01). The Cross-Correlation Test shows the presence of a time lag (p = 0.0371, p<0.05) and the maximum overall abundance was reported around mid-July for both campaigns. Statistical tests show that females show the same fertility during the two campaigns (ANOVA, p >0.05). peak fertility in 2017 was reported in mid-June, while peak fertility was reported in mid-July for the 2018 campaign. The Cross-Correlation Test shows a very significant time lag from one month to another (p = 0.0064, p <0.01)","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"296-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48067878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Tsentralne, Myronivka district, Kyiv region, 08853, Ukraine Sumy National Agrarian University, 160 Herasym Kondratiev St, 40021, Sumy, Ukraine Corresponding author E–mail: andb201727@ukr.net Received: 14.10.2020. Accepted 14.11.2020
{"title":"Screening of winter wheat varieties for leaf diseases resistance","authors":"H. Kovalyshyna, Y. Dmytrenko, A. O. Butenko","doi":"10.15421/2020_245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_245","url":null,"abstract":"National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Tsentralne, Myronivka district, Kyiv region, 08853, Ukraine Sumy National Agrarian University, 160 Herasym Kondratiev St, 40021, Sumy, Ukraine Corresponding author E–mail: andb201727@ukr.net Received: 14.10.2020. Accepted 14.11.2020","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"287-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47384146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dmytro Polkovnychenko, N. Grigorenko, O. I. Liashevka, M. A. Bolovnev
The problems of state regulation in the field of green energy have been examined in the paper. In particular, a comparison of management principles in the field of green energy in Ukraine and in the European Union has been carried out. It has been emphasized that in Ukraine, in contrast to the European Union countries, management in the field of green energy is carried out exclusively by the state. Measures for the reformation of the Ukraine’s green energy have been analyzed. It has been also noted that the development of a set of measures to bring the Ukrainian energy market closer to the European one was completed. In addition, Ukraine joined the International Energy Charter, which, in turn, provides an opportunity to successfully meet the current and future challenges of global energy industry with the support of other countries.
{"title":"Green energy and environmental protection: Problems of state regulation in Ukraine and EU experience","authors":"Dmytro Polkovnychenko, N. Grigorenko, O. I. Liashevka, M. A. Bolovnev","doi":"10.15421/2020_235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_235","url":null,"abstract":"The problems of state regulation in the field of green energy have been examined in the paper. In particular, a comparison of management principles in the field of green energy in Ukraine and in the European Union has been carried out. It has been emphasized that in Ukraine, in contrast to the European Union countries, management in the field of green energy is carried out exclusively by the state. Measures for the reformation of the Ukraine’s green energy have been analyzed. It has been also noted that the development of a set of measures to bring the Ukrainian energy market closer to the European one was completed. In addition, Ukraine joined the International Energy Charter, which, in turn, provides an opportunity to successfully meet the current and future challenges of global energy industry with the support of other countries.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"233-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44457975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors present the findings of a leaf blade anatomy study for the rare relict Siberian flora species Mertensia sibirica (L.) G. Don fil. (Boraginaceae). They collected samples for the study from natural habitats in Chita Region (Chikoy Range) and then planted them in the introduction area of the Siberian Botanic Garden (Tomsk) located in the southern taiga subzone of Western Siberia. The parameters of the photosynthetic and stomatal complex of M. sibirica were studied for the first time. It was found out that the rosette and cauline leaves of the species under study are hypostomatous, with an anomocytic stomatal complex. The epidermis is single-layer. On average, the adaxial epidermis has larger cells vs. abaxial epidermis. The leaf mesophyll is 242.90–369.90 μm thick, dorsiventral. The adaxial side of the leaf comprises glandular trichomes surrounded with pronounced rosettes of cells in the base part. The cauline leaf significantly differs from the rosette leaf in finer cells of its adaxial and abaxial epidermis (and, consequently, their larger number per 1 mm), while the adaxial epidermal cells are thicker, and in a larger number of stomata in the abaxial epidermis. The palisade mesophyll in the cauline leaf is more developed vs. the rosette leaf, while the cells are longer and the palisade/spongy mesophyll ratio is higher. The rosette leaves have a more developed system of vascular tissues vs. cauline ones, as they play the main role in providing plants with water and nutrients. The contribution of the cauline leaf palisade mesophyll to the photosynthetic potential of M. sibirica is higher vs. that of the rosette leaf (the ratio between palisade and spongy mesophyll is 0.45 vs. 0.36, respectively), which characterizes the cauline leaf as more heliophytic. The stomatal complex and mesophyll parameters under study are primarily characterized by low variance. As for dermal tissue parameters, medium variance is typical of the thickness and size of the abaxial and adaxial epidermal cells. Coefficients of variation for the cells of the upper mesophyll layer (CV=31.2–41.6%) and the number of stomata on the lower epidermis of the rosette leaf (CV=21.5%) demonstrate medium and high variance. A very high coefficient of variation (116.2–174.0) is registered for the adaxial epidermis parameter characterizing the density of trichomes per 1 mm. The study results were used to develop an optimal M. sibirica cultivation regime under conditions of introduction in the southern taiga subzone of Western Siberia.
{"title":"Leaf blade anatomy of the rare Siberian flora species Mertensia sibirica (L.) G. Don fil. (Boraginaceae)","authors":"T. N. Belaeva, A. Butenkova","doi":"10.15421/2020_228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_228","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present the findings of a leaf blade anatomy study for the rare relict Siberian flora species Mertensia sibirica (L.) G. Don fil. (Boraginaceae). They collected samples for the study from natural habitats in Chita Region (Chikoy Range) and then planted them in the introduction area of the Siberian Botanic Garden (Tomsk) located in the southern taiga subzone of Western Siberia. The parameters of the photosynthetic and stomatal complex of M. sibirica were studied for the first time. It was found out that the rosette and cauline leaves of the species under study are hypostomatous, with an anomocytic stomatal complex. The epidermis is single-layer. On average, the adaxial epidermis has larger cells vs. abaxial epidermis. The leaf mesophyll is 242.90–369.90 μm thick, dorsiventral. The adaxial side of the leaf comprises glandular trichomes surrounded with pronounced rosettes of cells in the base part. The cauline leaf significantly differs from the rosette leaf in finer cells of its adaxial and abaxial epidermis (and, consequently, their larger number per 1 mm), while the adaxial epidermal cells are thicker, and in a larger number of stomata in the abaxial epidermis. The palisade mesophyll in the cauline leaf is more developed vs. the rosette leaf, while the cells are longer and the palisade/spongy mesophyll ratio is higher. The rosette leaves have a more developed system of vascular tissues vs. cauline ones, as they play the main role in providing plants with water and nutrients. The contribution of the cauline leaf palisade mesophyll to the photosynthetic potential of M. sibirica is higher vs. that of the rosette leaf (the ratio between palisade and spongy mesophyll is 0.45 vs. 0.36, respectively), which characterizes the cauline leaf as more heliophytic. The stomatal complex and mesophyll parameters under study are primarily characterized by low variance. As for dermal tissue parameters, medium variance is typical of the thickness and size of the abaxial and adaxial epidermal cells. Coefficients of variation for the cells of the upper mesophyll layer (CV=31.2–41.6%) and the number of stomata on the lower epidermis of the rosette leaf (CV=21.5%) demonstrate medium and high variance. A very high coefficient of variation (116.2–174.0) is registered for the adaxial epidermis parameter characterizing the density of trichomes per 1 mm. The study results were used to develop an optimal M. sibirica cultivation regime under conditions of introduction in the southern taiga subzone of Western Siberia.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"186-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47634938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kherson State Agrarian University 23 Stretinskaya St, Kherson, 73006, Ukraine National University of life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine 15 Heroyiv Oborony St, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden National of Academy Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Tymiryazivska St, Kyiv, 01014, Ukraine *Corresponding author E-mail: evgeniyasyvoded@gmail.com Received: 08.09.2020. Accepted: 22.10.2020
{"title":"Accumulation and identification of secondary metabolites from the fungus Diaporthe (Phomopsis) helianthi Munt.-Cvet. et al.","authors":"Ye. V. Syvoded, O. Kolesnichenko, S. Hrysiuk","doi":"10.15421/2020_225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_225","url":null,"abstract":"Kherson State Agrarian University 23 Stretinskaya St, Kherson, 73006, Ukraine National University of life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine 15 Heroyiv Oborony St, Kyiv, 03041, Ukraine M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden National of Academy Sciences of Ukraine, 1 Tymiryazivska St, Kyiv, 01014, Ukraine *Corresponding author E-mail: evgeniyasyvoded@gmail.com Received: 08.09.2020. Accepted: 22.10.2020","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"166-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43271702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the interests of further development of organic production in Ukraine, it is necessary: to increase the area for the "organic" production through the use of uncontaminated lands; to create conditions for proper stimulation of agricultural producers, reduction of risks of organic production; to work out a system of state certification of organic products, to ensure clear state control over the quality of organic food; to create an appropriate base for the processing organic raw materials; to promote the competitiveness of domestic "organic" in the world market. Therefore, when greening agricultural land use as a basis for the development of organic farming, it is advisable to determine the optimal areas at the state level, primarily from an ecological point of view, involved in agricultural land turnover. To develop mechanisms for their most cost-effective use and provide the most favorable conditions for preserving the ecological and economic potential of agricultural land. We see the main goals of greening of agricultural production in the greening of social production, including the agricultural sector by greening its individual components, which are combined into a single system. Greening technological and management solutions are undoubtedly important. The priority tasks of greening agricultural land use as the main component of organic farming include strengthening environmental safety; reducing the man-made load on natural biocenoses; rational use of natural resources; preserving, reproducing and increasing soil fertility; introducing energy-saving waste-free production technologies; increasing the production of environmentally friendly organic products.
{"title":"Greening of agricultural land use as a major component of organic farming and sustainable development","authors":"T. Stepanenko, O. Petrenko, P. F. Tsygikal","doi":"10.15421/2020_221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_221","url":null,"abstract":"In the interests of further development of organic production in Ukraine, it is necessary: to increase the area for the \"organic\" production through the use of uncontaminated lands; to create conditions for proper stimulation of agricultural producers, reduction of risks of organic production; to work out a system of state certification of organic products, to ensure clear state control over the quality of organic food; to create an appropriate base for the processing organic raw materials; to promote the competitiveness of domestic \"organic\" in the world market. Therefore, when greening agricultural land use as a basis for the development of organic farming, it is advisable to determine the optimal areas at the state level, primarily from an ecological point of view, involved in agricultural land turnover. To develop mechanisms for their most cost-effective use and provide the most favorable conditions for preserving the ecological and economic potential of agricultural land. We see the main goals of greening of agricultural production in the greening of social production, including the agricultural sector by greening its individual components, which are combined into a single system. Greening technological and management solutions are undoubtedly important. The priority tasks of greening agricultural land use as the main component of organic farming include strengthening environmental safety; reducing the man-made load on natural biocenoses; rational use of natural resources; preserving, reproducing and increasing soil fertility; introducing energy-saving waste-free production technologies; increasing the production of environmentally friendly organic products.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"145-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43115486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The formation and development of the Commonwealth took place ambiguously, in difficult conditions, formed under the complex influence of external and internal geopolitical, environmental and inner factors, and did not have the desired dynamics. Successful implementation of the ambitious tasks to further deepen the integration processes in the CIS is impossible without the inclusion of constitutional and legal tools. In the presented work, the authors propose approaches that are possible at the current stage of development of the CIS and its member states to increase the effectiveness of constitutional, legal and institutional support for the development of the Commonwealth.
{"title":"Commonwealth of Independent States: Constitutional, legal and environmental realities","authors":"Y. Kim, E. S. Anichkin","doi":"10.15421/2020_214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_214","url":null,"abstract":"The formation and development of the Commonwealth took place ambiguously, in difficult conditions, formed under the complex influence of external and internal geopolitical, environmental and inner factors, and did not have the desired dynamics. Successful implementation of the ambitious tasks to further deepen the integration processes in the CIS is impossible without the inclusion of constitutional and legal tools. In the presented work, the authors propose approaches that are possible at the current stage of development of the CIS and its member states to increase the effectiveness of constitutional, legal and institutional support for the development of the Commonwealth.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"110-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49231233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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