Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076109
E. Smirnova, C. Chen, M. Shapiro, R. Temkin
We report the design and cold test results for a photonic band gap (PBG) cell, which can be utilized as an accelerator cavity with reduced high order mode (HOM) wakefields. The eigenmodes of the two-dimensional (2D) PBG cavities formed by the defect in triangular array of metal rods were studied numerically. The 2D PBG cavity with reduced HOM content was designed and built. Cold test results proved the suppression of the HOM in PBG cavity.
{"title":"Investigation of 2D photonic band gap accelerator cell","authors":"E. Smirnova, C. Chen, M. Shapiro, R. Temkin","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076109","url":null,"abstract":"We report the design and cold test results for a photonic band gap (PBG) cell, which can be utilized as an accelerator cavity with reduced high order mode (HOM) wakefields. The eigenmodes of the two-dimensional (2D) PBG cavities formed by the defect in triangular array of metal rods were studied numerically. The 2D PBG cavity with reduced HOM content was designed and built. Cold test results proved the suppression of the HOM in PBG cavity.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75689134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076204
Li Hongfu, Xie Zhonglian, Wang Wenxiang, Luo Yong, Du Pinzhong, Deng-ping Xue, Wang Huan-jun, Yu Sheng, Niu Xinjian, Wang Li, L. Shenggang
A systematic theoretical and experimental study on 35 GHz 45 kV third-harmonic gyrotron with a permanent magnet system is presented in this paper. A complex cavity with gradual transition, and a diode magnetron injection electron gun (MIG) are employed in the gyrotron. The permanent magnet system provided the axial magnetic field of about 4.5 kG in the cavity region. The Ka band third-harmonic gyrotron with a permanent magnet system has been designed, constructed and tested. A peak output power of 147.3 kW was obtained at a beam voltage of 45 kV with beam current of 32.2 A, corresponding to an efficiency of 10.2%.
{"title":"35 GHz third-harmonic gyrotron with a permanent magnet system","authors":"Li Hongfu, Xie Zhonglian, Wang Wenxiang, Luo Yong, Du Pinzhong, Deng-ping Xue, Wang Huan-jun, Yu Sheng, Niu Xinjian, Wang Li, L. Shenggang","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076204","url":null,"abstract":"A systematic theoretical and experimental study on 35 GHz 45 kV third-harmonic gyrotron with a permanent magnet system is presented in this paper. A complex cavity with gradual transition, and a diode magnetron injection electron gun (MIG) are employed in the gyrotron. The permanent magnet system provided the axial magnetic field of about 4.5 kG in the cavity region. The Ka band third-harmonic gyrotron with a permanent magnet system has been designed, constructed and tested. A peak output power of 147.3 kW was obtained at a beam voltage of 45 kV with beam current of 32.2 A, corresponding to an efficiency of 10.2%.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75796456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076229
L. Song, N. Luhmann, G. Scheitrum, B. Arfin
Presents the design of a W-band LiGA (a German acronym for lithographe, galvanoformung, und abformung) fabricated three-dimensional five-gap coupled cavity. This paper focuses on analyzing the coupling slot effects on such a periodic structure's dispersion characteristics using the three-dimensional code MAFIA (Maxwell equation using finite integration algorithm). The different coupling slot sizes corresponding to LiGA fabrication and EDM (electric discharge machining) fabrication constraints have been modeled and discussed in detail. The equivalent circuit model of such a coupling slot in two-dimensional MAGIC code also has been studied.
{"title":"Three-dimensional design of the coupling slot for a W-band output structure [klystron]","authors":"L. Song, N. Luhmann, G. Scheitrum, B. Arfin","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076229","url":null,"abstract":"Presents the design of a W-band LiGA (a German acronym for lithographe, galvanoformung, und abformung) fabricated three-dimensional five-gap coupled cavity. This paper focuses on analyzing the coupling slot effects on such a periodic structure's dispersion characteristics using the three-dimensional code MAFIA (Maxwell equation using finite integration algorithm). The different coupling slot sizes corresponding to LiGA fabrication and EDM (electric discharge machining) fabrication constraints have been modeled and discussed in detail. The equivalent circuit model of such a coupling slot in two-dimensional MAGIC code also has been studied.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76023111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076052
P. Woskov
Millimeter-wave technologies can provide novel and reliable on-line monitoring capability for many important parameters inside high temperature process environments such as in the manufacture of glass, metals, and waste remediation. Important parameters include temperature, emissivity, density, and viscosity, which often cannot be monitored reliably by conventional techniques. The physical and analytical basis for millimeter-wave monitoring of high temperature processes is presented along with experimental results at temperatures up to 1500/spl deg/C.
{"title":"Millimeter-wave high temperature process monitoring","authors":"P. Woskov","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076052","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter-wave technologies can provide novel and reliable on-line monitoring capability for many important parameters inside high temperature process environments such as in the manufacture of glass, metals, and waste remediation. Important parameters include temperature, emissivity, density, and viscosity, which often cannot be monitored reliably by conventional techniques. The physical and analytical basis for millimeter-wave monitoring of high temperature processes is presented along with experimental results at temperatures up to 1500/spl deg/C.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77530012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076170
B. Danly, J. Cheung, V. Gregers-Hansen, G. Linde, M. Ngo
A high-power, coherent, W-band (94 GHz) millimeter-wave radar has been developed at the Naval Research Laboratory. The radar employs a 100 kW peak power, 10 kW average power gyroklystron as the final power amplifier, an overmoded transmission line system, and a quasioptical duplexer, together with a 6 foot Cassegrain antenna, a four-channel receiver, and state-of-the-art signal processing. Developed as a research radar for the investigation of tactical Navy radar applications in the millimeter wave band, additional radar measurement studies include cloud physics, propagation, and forward and backscatter studies.
{"title":"WARLOC: a high-power millimeter-wave radar","authors":"B. Danly, J. Cheung, V. Gregers-Hansen, G. Linde, M. Ngo","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076170","url":null,"abstract":"A high-power, coherent, W-band (94 GHz) millimeter-wave radar has been developed at the Naval Research Laboratory. The radar employs a 100 kW peak power, 10 kW average power gyroklystron as the final power amplifier, an overmoded transmission line system, and a quasioptical duplexer, together with a 6 foot Cassegrain antenna, a four-channel receiver, and state-of-the-art signal processing. Developed as a research radar for the investigation of tactical Navy radar applications in the millimeter wave band, additional radar measurement studies include cloud physics, propagation, and forward and backscatter studies.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77813354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076159
P. Woskov, K. Hadidi, S. K. Sundaram, W. Daniel
A radiometric method for resolving the emissivity, /spl epsiv/, and temperature, T, in thermal emission measurements is derived and experimentally demonstrated. The viewed source's own emission is utilized as an incoherent probe beam by means of a beamsplitter and return mirror. Measurements of several refractory materials at 137 GHz to 1500/spl deg/C were carried out.
{"title":"Millimeter-wave radiometer measurement of emissivity and temperature by thermal return reflection (TRR)","authors":"P. Woskov, K. Hadidi, S. K. Sundaram, W. Daniel","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076159","url":null,"abstract":"A radiometric method for resolving the emissivity, /spl epsiv/, and temperature, T, in thermal emission measurements is derived and experimentally demonstrated. The viewed source's own emission is utilized as an incoherent probe beam by means of a beamsplitter and return mirror. Measurements of several refractory materials at 137 GHz to 1500/spl deg/C were carried out.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80727841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076173
C. Baik, S. Jeon, D. Kim, G. Park, N. Sato, K. Yokoo
To achieve high power millimeter waves at Ka-band, a harmonic-multiplying gyro-TWT is developed. The designed interaction circuit is a 2-stage waveguide that consists of input and output sections divided by severing. Both stages are linearly tapered rectangular waveguides in which the fundamental TE/sub 10/ mode is used. Tapering the waveguides increases stabilities and bandwidth by distributed interaction when the grazing condition along the taper is satisfied. In this study, each stage employs X-band and Ka-band frequencies, respectively. Through the fundamental and the 3rd electron cyclotron harmonics at each stage, a harmonic-multiplying interaction occurs. As a result, a saturated gain of 23 dB, an electronic efficiency of 10%, and a bandwidth of 3% were predicted by a self-consistent nonlinear calculation on the assumption of 4% axial velocity spreads of electrons when an axis-encircling electron gun at a moderate beam voltage of 30 kV and a current of 1 A is employed.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of Ka-band harmonic multiplying gyro-TWT","authors":"C. Baik, S. Jeon, D. Kim, G. Park, N. Sato, K. Yokoo","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076173","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve high power millimeter waves at Ka-band, a harmonic-multiplying gyro-TWT is developed. The designed interaction circuit is a 2-stage waveguide that consists of input and output sections divided by severing. Both stages are linearly tapered rectangular waveguides in which the fundamental TE/sub 10/ mode is used. Tapering the waveguides increases stabilities and bandwidth by distributed interaction when the grazing condition along the taper is satisfied. In this study, each stage employs X-band and Ka-band frequencies, respectively. Through the fundamental and the 3rd electron cyclotron harmonics at each stage, a harmonic-multiplying interaction occurs. As a result, a saturated gain of 23 dB, an electronic efficiency of 10%, and a bandwidth of 3% were predicted by a self-consistent nonlinear calculation on the assumption of 4% axial velocity spreads of electrons when an axis-encircling electron gun at a moderate beam voltage of 30 kV and a current of 1 A is employed.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84133161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076115
A. I. Fisun, A.V. Arkipov, O. Belous
The dispersive properties of an open resonator (OR) with a smooth mirror are inadequate for some practical problems. The application of a diffraction grating as a reflector of the OR is a classical way of spectrum rarefaction, but in so doing the analysis of the the OR excitation becomes more complicated. It is possible to reduce the problem of analysis, when it is considered that the diffracted grating may be represented as a surface having periodical step-like deformations. The second aspect of the problem discussed is concerned with the search for a new way to control an OR spectrum. In as much as an oscillation process in an OR is attended by radiation into free space, it should be expected that the OR spectrum is determined by wave diffraction at the mirror boundary. By varying the diffraction conditions at the borders of the mirror we can realize control over the mode excitation and thereby control the key characteristics of the OR.
{"title":"Configuration and key features of quasi-optical open resonator with step-like deformation of mirror","authors":"A. I. Fisun, A.V. Arkipov, O. Belous","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076115","url":null,"abstract":"The dispersive properties of an open resonator (OR) with a smooth mirror are inadequate for some practical problems. The application of a diffraction grating as a reflector of the OR is a classical way of spectrum rarefaction, but in so doing the analysis of the the OR excitation becomes more complicated. It is possible to reduce the problem of analysis, when it is considered that the diffracted grating may be represented as a surface having periodical step-like deformations. The second aspect of the problem discussed is concerned with the search for a new way to control an OR spectrum. In as much as an oscillation process in an OR is attended by radiation into free space, it should be expected that the OR spectrum is determined by wave diffraction at the mirror boundary. By varying the diffraction conditions at the borders of the mirror we can realize control over the mode excitation and thereby control the key characteristics of the OR.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78145731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076128
R. Cao, R. Vernon
The use of a pair of reflectors to convert a microwave beam from one amplitude/phase distribution to another is important in microwave technology. A simpler version of this problem is the use of a pair of hypothetical ideal thin phase correctors to transform the beam. This problem has many of the same features of the reflector design problem and small phase shift variations can usually be converted to equivalent mirror surface variations. The phase shift profiles and some convergence properties are presented for transformations between some simple Gaussian beam profiles.
{"title":"Investigation of the convergence of the iterative design algorithm for phase shifter pairs for simple beam transformations","authors":"R. Cao, R. Vernon","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076128","url":null,"abstract":"The use of a pair of reflectors to convert a microwave beam from one amplitude/phase distribution to another is important in microwave technology. A simpler version of this problem is the use of a pair of hypothetical ideal thin phase correctors to transform the beam. This problem has many of the same features of the reflector design problem and small phase shift variations can usually be converted to equivalent mirror surface variations. The phase shift profiles and some convergence properties are presented for transformations between some simple Gaussian beam profiles.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78271140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-16DOI: 10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076209
H. Soekmadji, R. Vernon
TE/sub 0n/-TE/sub 0q/ circular waveguide mode converters such as the TE/sub 02/-TE/sub 01/ type typically have radius variations which increase and then decrease again. This provides the possibility for trapped higher order modes which can exist between the uptaper and the downtaper, but cannot escape the region of enlarged radius. Trapped modes can sometimes have a catastrophic effect on device transmission at certain resonant frequencies. The effect of trapped modes are considered in a few simple cases in this paper using the computer simulation programs HFSS and Cascade.
{"title":"Investigation of the effect of trapped modes in circular waveguide mode converters","authors":"H. Soekmadji, R. Vernon","doi":"10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMW.2002.1076209","url":null,"abstract":"TE/sub 0n/-TE/sub 0q/ circular waveguide mode converters such as the TE/sub 02/-TE/sub 01/ type typically have radius variations which increase and then decrease again. This provides the possibility for trapped higher order modes which can exist between the uptaper and the downtaper, but cannot escape the region of enlarged radius. Trapped modes can sometimes have a catastrophic effect on device transmission at certain resonant frequencies. The effect of trapped modes are considered in a few simple cases in this paper using the computer simulation programs HFSS and Cascade.","PeriodicalId":23431,"journal":{"name":"Twenty Seventh International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80004864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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