Maria Victoria Uribe Bohorquez, I. G. García Sánchez
This document, through a systematic review of academic papers, presents a comprehensive and synthetic proposal that compiles, on the one hand, the prevailing macho, misogynistic and phallocentric obstacles and stereotypes at the family, social and work level between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries and that had an impact on the accounting profession, hindering the access and evolution of women in it. In contrast, a series of factors are presented that drove the training and entry of women to bookkeeping and accounting tasks, which, in turn, served as a way to break stereotypes and traditional gender roles, achieve legislative improvements and the incursion of women into the paid labor market. Besides the above-mentioned elements, it is important to take into account the class perspectives that, under promises of well-being and economic status, idealized a model of a woman whose realization was exclusively at the domestic and family level. Este documento, a través de una revisión sistemática de trabajos académicos, presenta una propuesta integral y sintética que recopila, por un lado, los obstáculos y estereotipos machistas, misóginos y falocéntricos imperantes a nivel familiar, social y laboral entre los siglos XVIII y XX y que repercutieron en la profesión contable, dificultando el acceso y evolución de la mujer en la misma. En contraposición, se presentan una serie de factores que impulsaron la formación e incorporación de la mujer a las tareas de teneduría de libros y contabilidad, lo que, a su vez, sirvió para romper estereotipos y roles tradicionales de género, conseguir mejoras legislativas y la incursión de la mujer en el mercado laboral remunerado. Además de los elementos mencionados, es importante tener en cuenta las perspectivas de clase que, bajo promesas de bienestar y estatus económico, idealizaron un modelo de mujer cuya realización se daba exclusivamente en el ámbito doméstico y familiar.
本文件通过对学术论文的系统审查，提出了一项全面和综合的建议，其中一方面汇编了18至20世纪在家庭、社会和工作层面上普遍存在的大男子主义、厌女主义和以男性生殖器为中心的障碍和陈规定型观念，这些障碍和陈规定型观念对会计职业产生了影响，阻碍了妇女进入会计行业并在其中发展。与此相反，提出了一系列促使妇女接受培训和进入簿记和会计工作的因素，这反过来又成为打破陈规定型观念和传统性别角色、实现立法改进和使妇女进入有偿劳动力市场的一种方式。除了上述因素外，重要的是要考虑到阶级观点，即在福利和经济地位的承诺下，理想化的妇女模式，其实现完全是在家庭和家庭一级。estestocento，一个关于学术界的薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织，一个关于薪金薪金的组织。在contraposición，我们提出了一系列关于动力因素的报告，formación和incorporación关于动力因素的报告，teneduría关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，sirvió关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，sirvió关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告，incursión关于动力因素的报告，关于动力因素的报告。Además de los elements mencionados, es importtentenas as clase que, bajo promesas de bienestar y estatus económico, idealizaron on modelo de mujer cuya realización se data exclusimenente enel ámbito domsamicastos y familiar。
{"title":"Women in Accounting: A Historical Review of Obstacles and Drivers on a Patriarchal and Classist Path","authors":"Maria Victoria Uribe Bohorquez, I. G. García Sánchez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3918879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3918879","url":null,"abstract":"This document, through a systematic review of academic papers, presents a comprehensive and synthetic proposal that compiles, on the one hand, the prevailing macho, misogynistic and phallocentric obstacles and stereotypes at the family, social and work level between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries and that had an impact on the accounting profession, hindering the access and evolution of women in it. In contrast, a series of factors are presented that drove the training and entry of women to bookkeeping and accounting tasks, which, in turn, served as a way to break stereotypes and traditional gender roles, achieve legislative improvements and the incursion of women into the paid labor market. Besides the above-mentioned elements, it is important to take into account the class perspectives that, under promises of well-being and economic status, idealized a model of a woman whose realization was exclusively at the domestic and family level.\u0000 Este documento, a través de una revisión sistemática de trabajos académicos, presenta una propuesta integral y sintética que recopila, por un lado, los obstáculos y estereotipos machistas, misóginos y falocéntricos imperantes a nivel familiar, social y laboral entre los siglos XVIII y XX y que repercutieron en la profesión contable, dificultando el acceso y evolución de la mujer en la misma. En contraposición, se presentan una serie de factores que impulsaron la formación e incorporación de la mujer a las tareas de teneduría de libros y contabilidad, lo que, a su vez, sirvió para romper estereotipos y roles tradicionales de género, conseguir mejoras legislativas y la incursión de la mujer en el mercado laboral remunerado. Además de los elementos mencionados, es importante tener en cuenta las perspectivas de clase que, bajo promesas de bienestar y estatus económico, idealizaron un modelo de mujer cuya realización se daba exclusivamente en el ámbito doméstico y familiar.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86509467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We provide a simple survey of the literature on weak instruments, aimed at giving practical advice to applied researchers. It is well-known that 2SLS has poor properties if instruments are exogenous but “weak.” We clarify these properties, explain weak instrument tests, and examine how behavior of 2SLS depends on instrument strength. A common standard for “strong” instruments is a first-stage F-statistic of at least 10. But 2SLS has some poor properties in that context: It has low power, and the 2SLS standard error estimate tends to be artificially small in samples where the 2SLS parameter estimate is most contaminated by the OLS bias. This causes t-tests to give very misleading results. Surprisingly, this problem persists even if the first-stage F is in the thousands. Robust tests like Anderson-Rubin greatly alleviate these problems, and should be used in lieu of the t-test even with strong instruments. In many realistic settings a first-stage F well above 10 may be necessary to give high confidence that 2SLS will outperform OLS. For example, in the archetypal application of estimating returns to education, we argue one needs F of at least 50.
{"title":"A Practical Guide to Weak Instruments","authors":"M. Keane, Timothy Neal","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3846841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3846841","url":null,"abstract":"We provide a simple survey of the literature on weak instruments, aimed at giving practical advice to applied researchers. It is well-known that 2SLS has poor properties if instruments are exogenous but “weak.” We clarify these properties, explain weak instrument tests, and examine how behavior of 2SLS depends on instrument strength. A common standard for “strong” instruments is a first-stage F-statistic of at least 10. But 2SLS has some poor properties in that context: It has low power, and the 2SLS standard error estimate tends to be artificially small in samples where the 2SLS parameter estimate is most contaminated by the OLS bias. This causes t-tests to give very misleading results. Surprisingly, this problem persists even if the first-stage F is in the thousands. Robust tests like Anderson-Rubin greatly alleviate these problems, and should be used in lieu of the t-test even with strong instruments. In many realistic settings a first-stage F well above 10 may be necessary to give high confidence that 2SLS will outperform OLS. For example, in the archetypal application of estimating returns to education, we argue one needs F of at least 50.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82871692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To have an efficient economy, it is essential to build up a market structure where every participant remains independent and acts as competitive restraints on each other. But some participants to increase profits may end up entering into agreements that may restrict the spirit of healthy competitors in the like field which was even foreseen by the great economist Adam Smith. This is the reason why regulation of the anti-competitive agreement becomes essential and it is a subject matter of the Competition Law. In India, the Competition Act of 2002 governs the provision of the anti-competitive agreement. This article will try to make an analysis of the anti-competitive agreement provision under the Indian law and to find out the difficulties in the implementation of this provision by making a study of the views provided by different scholars in brief.
{"title":"Nature of Anti-Competitive Agreement Law in India: A Brief Review","authors":"Jayanta Boruah","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3916120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3916120","url":null,"abstract":"To have an efficient economy, it is essential to build up a market structure where every participant remains independent and acts as competitive restraints on each other. But some participants to increase profits may end up entering into agreements that may restrict the spirit of healthy competitors in the like field which was even foreseen by the great economist Adam Smith. This is the reason why regulation of the anti-competitive agreement becomes essential and it is a subject matter of the Competition Law. In India, the Competition Act of 2002 governs the provision of the anti-competitive agreement. This article will try to make an analysis of the anti-competitive agreement provision under the Indian law and to find out the difficulties in the implementation of this provision by making a study of the views provided by different scholars in brief.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89887106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
What is the effect of investor credit supply on housing prices? We provide evidence on this question using quasi-experimental variation in credit supply to investors caused by two macroprudential policies implemented in Australia. The first policy placed a bank-level cap on mortgage credit growth to investors while the second policy placed a bank-level cap on the share of interest-only mortgage lending. We show that the first policy caused a sharp and large drop in credit growth to investors relative to owner-occupiers, while the second policy caused a modest relative decline in credit growth for investors, who disproportionately use interest-only loans. We use variation in the investor ownership share across regions and dwelling types to identify the effect of investor credit supply on housing prices, rents and transaction volumes. We find no significant effect on the growth rate of housing prices caused by the first policy. However, there was a relative rise in the price of investor housing following the second policy, which is consistent with the use of interest-only lending being a more binding constraint for owner-occupiers than investors. There is evidence that the lending restrictions lowered transaction volumes but rents were unaffected. Our findings are consistent with models assuming a largely unconstrained housing rental sector.
{"title":"The Effect of Investor Credit Supply on Housing Prices","authors":"Nalini Prasad, Christian Gillitzer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3894064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3894064","url":null,"abstract":"What is the effect of investor credit supply on housing prices? We provide evidence on this question using quasi-experimental variation in credit supply to investors caused by two macroprudential policies implemented in Australia. The first policy placed a bank-level cap on mortgage credit growth to investors while the second policy placed a bank-level cap on the share of interest-only mortgage lending. We show that the first policy caused a sharp and large drop in credit growth to investors relative to owner-occupiers, while the second policy caused a modest relative decline in credit growth for investors, who disproportionately use interest-only loans. We use variation in the investor ownership share across regions and dwelling types to identify the effect of investor credit supply on housing prices, rents and transaction volumes. We find no significant effect on the growth rate of housing prices caused by the first policy. However, there was a relative rise in the price of investor housing following the second policy, which is consistent with the use of interest-only lending being a more binding constraint for owner-occupiers than investors. There is evidence that the lending restrictions lowered transaction volumes but rents were unaffected. Our findings are consistent with models assuming a largely unconstrained housing rental sector.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84772067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junaid Hassan, Prof. Fayaz Ahmad Nika, AArif Amin, Ishfaq Bashir
Purpose: This paper aims to explore the determinants that influence the intention to adopt Mobile banking services among the users of Northern India. Design/methodology/approach - Using the Purposive sampling, a sample of 403 users provided opinions about their intention to adopt Mobile Banking services. Findings - Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the responses were analyzed, and the outcome uncovered that seven dimensions impact users' expectation to recognize mobile banking while two determinants have a negative impact. Research limitations/implications - This study was none less than an exception. The main limitation of the study was that respondents were selected from urban areas. Likewise, only the users of Mobile Banking were considered while non-users were not considered and the last being that the findings drawn from this investigation are based on cross-sectional data. Future studies should implement longitudinal studies. Practical implications - This study will serve as a base for the banks as far as understanding user needs are concerned. Besides, it will help the banks to devise the strategies as far as the successful implementation of Mobile Banking is concerned. Further, this study will provide insight into what banks should do if they have to improve the adoption rate of mobile banking. Originality/value - This paper is a maiden attempt that investigates the determinants of mobile Banking adoption as far as users of the Northern part of the country are concerned.
{"title":"Emerging Market & Mobile Technology Usage: Evaluating intention to use Mobile Banking in India","authors":"Junaid Hassan, Prof. Fayaz Ahmad Nika, AArif Amin, Ishfaq Bashir","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3792943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3792943","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This paper aims to explore the determinants that influence the intention to adopt Mobile banking services among the users of Northern India.\u0000Design/methodology/approach - Using the Purposive sampling, a sample of 403 users\u0000provided opinions about their intention to adopt Mobile Banking services.\u0000Findings - Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the responses were analyzed, and\u0000the outcome uncovered that seven dimensions impact users' expectation to recognize mobile banking while two determinants have a negative impact.\u0000Research limitations/implications - This study was none less than an exception. The main limitation of the study was that respondents were selected from urban areas. Likewise, only the users of Mobile Banking were considered while non-users were not considered and the last being that the findings drawn from this investigation are based on cross-sectional data. Future studies should implement longitudinal studies.\u0000Practical implications - This study will serve as a base for the banks as far as understanding user needs are concerned. Besides, it will help the banks to devise the strategies as far as the successful implementation of Mobile Banking is concerned. Further, this study will provide insight into what banks should do if they have to improve the adoption rate of mobile banking.\u0000Originality/value - This paper is a maiden attempt that investigates the determinants of\u0000mobile Banking adoption as far as users of the Northern part of the country are concerned.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83633743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nyoman Sri Subawa, Ni Wayan Widhiasthini, Ni Putu Intan Permatasari
Local brand franchise business, particularly culinary, has been rapidly developed in this disruption era. This is in line with the society's need for delicious but affordable culinary. There is a comprehensive relation-blend of cultural, business, and lifestyle responses. This research examined the factors affecting local brand franchises in the business competition in the disruption era. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the results indicated that local brand franchises are a part of economic disruption, because they create an entirely new market, providing high-quality products at lower prices. In this disruption era, local brand franchises are limited by binding agreements on franchising, courage in creativity and innovation, responsive to instant culture, adaptive to changes in consumer lifestyle, multi-level hegemony, and capitalism.
{"title":"Local Brand Franchise Competition in the Disruption Era","authors":"Nyoman Sri Subawa, Ni Wayan Widhiasthini, Ni Putu Intan Permatasari","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3948425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3948425","url":null,"abstract":"Local brand franchise business, particularly culinary, has been rapidly developed in this disruption era. This is in line with the society's need for delicious but affordable culinary. There is a comprehensive relation-blend of cultural, business, and lifestyle responses. This research examined the factors affecting local brand franchises in the business competition in the disruption era. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the results indicated that local brand franchises are a part of economic disruption, because they create an entirely new market, providing high-quality products at lower prices. In this disruption era, local brand franchises are limited by binding agreements on franchising, courage in creativity and innovation, responsive to instant culture, adaptive to changes in consumer lifestyle, multi-level hegemony, and capitalism.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75534103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Svenja Hillebrandt, Nicole V. S. Ratzinger‐Sakel, G. Gray
This paper empirically investigates whether audit quality and audit fees differ for audit clients receiving positive media attention. Specifically, we use the Wall Street Journal's top 250 ranking of best-managed companies to investigate the impact of positive media attention. Employing a matched pair design of U.S. American listed companies, we find that audit clients receiving positive media attention do not differ from their peers in terms of audit quality. However, turning to audit fees, we find that audit clients receiving positive media attention pay higher audit fees than their peers. Our results highlight that not only audit client’s negative media attention but also their positive media attention can influence the auditor-client relationship.
{"title":"Does Audit Client’s Positive Media Attention Matter: An Investigation of Audit Quality and Audit Fees","authors":"Svenja Hillebrandt, Nicole V. S. Ratzinger‐Sakel, G. Gray","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3737361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3737361","url":null,"abstract":"This paper empirically investigates whether audit quality and audit fees differ for audit clients receiving positive media attention. Specifically, we use the Wall Street Journal's top 250 ranking of best-managed companies to investigate the impact of positive media attention. Employing a matched pair design of U.S. American listed companies, we find that audit clients receiving positive media attention do not differ from their peers in terms of audit quality. However, turning to audit fees, we find that audit clients receiving positive media attention pay higher audit fees than their peers. Our results highlight that not only audit client’s negative media attention but also their positive media attention can influence the auditor-client relationship.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80823159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blundell, Pistaferri, and Preston (American Economic Review, 2008, 98(5), 1887-1921) report an estimate of household consumption insurance with respect to permanent income shocks of 36%. Their estimate is imprecise and not robust to weighting scheme for GMM. We propose instead to use quasi maximum likelihood estimation (QMLE). It produces a more precise and significantly higher estimate of consumption insurance at 55%. For sub-groups by age and education, the differences between estimates are even more pronounced. Monte Carlo experiments with non-Normal shocks demonstrate that QMLE is more accurate than GMM.
{"title":"Estimating Household Consumption Insurance","authors":"A. Chatterjee, J. Morley, Aarti Singh","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2933226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2933226","url":null,"abstract":"Blundell, Pistaferri, and Preston (American Economic Review, 2008, 98(5), 1887-1921) report an estimate of household consumption insurance with respect to permanent income shocks of 36%. Their estimate is imprecise and not robust to weighting scheme for GMM. We propose instead to use quasi maximum likelihood estimation (QMLE). It produces a more precise and significantly higher estimate of consumption insurance at 55%. For sub-groups by age and education, the differences between estimates are even more pronounced. Monte Carlo experiments with non-Normal shocks demonstrate that QMLE is more accurate than GMM.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75916784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In July 2020, the Senate of the Federal Republic of Nigeria for the first time since 29 years passed a Bill to repeal the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) Cap B3 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004 and re-enact the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) Cap B3 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004 (Amendment) Bill, 2020. The Bill seeks to regulate banking and businesses of other financial institutions by prohibiting the carrying on of such businesses in Nigeria except under licence and by a company incorporated in Nigeria. This article examines section by section, the innovative provisions of the Bill and how they clearly improved on the old Act to meet the nuances of the current business world. It is hopeful that just as the new CAMA received the assent of the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the new BOFIA scales through the House of Representatives and eventually gets the President's assent as the new Act is poised to strengthen the legal framework for the regulation of banks and bring it in line with global best practices, and prevent distress especially during and after this turbulent period of COVID-19, so that the country can adequately prepare and deal with potential post COVID-19 challenges in the banking sector.
{"title":"Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (Amendment) Bill 2020 (A Comprehensive Analysis of the BOFIA 2020)","authors":"Taiye Adegoke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3670773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3670773","url":null,"abstract":"In July 2020, the Senate of the Federal Republic of Nigeria for the first time since 29 years passed a Bill to repeal the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) Cap B3 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004 and re-enact the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) Cap B3 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2004 (Amendment) Bill, 2020. The Bill seeks to regulate banking and businesses of other financial institutions by prohibiting the carrying on of such businesses in Nigeria except under licence and by a company incorporated in Nigeria. \u0000 \u0000This article examines section by section, the innovative provisions of the Bill and how they clearly improved on the old Act to meet the nuances of the current business world. \u0000 \u0000It is hopeful that just as the new CAMA received the assent of the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the new BOFIA scales through the House of Representatives and eventually gets the President's assent as the new Act is poised to strengthen the legal framework for the regulation of banks and bring it in line with global best practices, and prevent distress especially during and after this turbulent period of COVID-19, so that the country can adequately prepare and deal with potential post COVID-19 challenges in the banking sector.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81531801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leveraging large-scale data sources to employ personalized dynamic pricing has been a prominent practice in the retail industry. Intuitively, from a marketing and operations perspective, this pricing strategy should lead to more revenue and sales; however, its impact on customer churn has not been fully uncovered. Therefore, the primary goal of this study is to investigate the impact of personalized dynamic pricing on customer churn. To answer our research question, we obtain unique access to a large data set from one leading on-demand platform that has implemented a personalized dynamic pricing strategy through price discounts in a number of its grocery stores. Employing a quasi-experimental setting, we utilize the difference-in-differences method to estimate the impact of personalized dynamic pricing on customer behaviors. We discover that personalized dynamic pricing increases transaction amount and frequency, while surprisingly, it also increases customer churn. Moreover, based on an analysis of the impact of time-based price fluctuation (i.e., discount variation across time), we find that price fluctuation has a U-shaped impact on customer churn, i.e., price fluctuation first decreases customer churn, and then increases it. Finally, we explore the underlying mechanisms: when the price fluctuation is relatively low, we observe a discount exploration behavior; that is, customers explore the discount variety via more frequent shopping but less purchase per order. Thus, when the price fluctuation is low, increasing the fluctuation can enhance customer activity level and decrease churn probability. However, when the price fluctuation is already high, customers feel too burdened by the price uncertainty, and hence, further increasing the fluctuation may lead customers to eventually leave the platform. On a broader note, our paper aims to help platform operations managers understand the impact and potential hidden consequences of one important type of transformative marketing strategies and to improve the strategy from customer experience and platform operations perspectives.
{"title":"Personalized Dynamic Pricing: Hidden Consequences for Customer Churn","authors":"Baile Lu, Yuqian Xu, Hongyan Dai, Weihua Zhou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3658362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3658362","url":null,"abstract":"Leveraging large-scale data sources to employ personalized dynamic pricing has been a prominent practice in the retail industry. Intuitively, from a marketing and operations perspective, this pricing strategy should lead to more revenue and sales; however, its impact on customer churn has not been fully uncovered. Therefore, the primary goal of this study is to investigate the impact of personalized dynamic pricing on customer churn. To answer our research question, we obtain unique access to a large data set from one leading on-demand platform that has implemented a personalized dynamic pricing strategy through price discounts in a number of its grocery stores. Employing a quasi-experimental setting, we utilize the difference-in-differences method to estimate the impact of personalized dynamic pricing on customer behaviors. We discover that personalized dynamic pricing increases transaction amount and frequency, while surprisingly, it also increases customer churn. Moreover, based on an analysis of the impact of time-based price fluctuation (i.e., discount variation across time), we find that price fluctuation has a U-shaped impact on customer churn, i.e., price fluctuation first decreases customer churn, and then increases it. Finally, we explore the underlying mechanisms: when the price fluctuation is relatively low, we observe a discount exploration behavior; that is, customers explore the discount variety via more frequent shopping but less purchase per order. Thus, when the price fluctuation is low, increasing the fluctuation can enhance customer activity level and decrease churn probability. However, when the price fluctuation is already high, customers feel too burdened by the price uncertainty, and hence, further increasing the fluctuation may lead customers to eventually leave the platform. On a broader note, our paper aims to help platform operations managers understand the impact and potential hidden consequences of one important type of transformative marketing strategies and to improve the strategy from customer experience and platform operations perspectives.","PeriodicalId":23435,"journal":{"name":"UNSW Business School Research Paper Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85823838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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