Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_146_21
C. Lin, Ching-Chia Li, H. Ke, Wen-Jeng Wu, Y. Chou, Sheng-Chen Wen
Purpose: Laparoscopic living-donor nephrectomy is the main technique at high-volume renal transplant centers. Laparoendoscopic single-site donor nephrectomy (LESS-DN) is s an evolutionary minimally invasive surgery, which could be performed by transperitoneal or retroperitoneal approaches. We present a retrospective analysis of our single-institution donor nephrectomy series comparing the transperitoneal to retroperitoneal LESS-DN regarding operative outcomes. Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients who underwent LESS-DN from 2017–2020 were enrolled at our center. The same surgeon performed all cases. The two approaches were compared for the operation time, blood loss, warm ischemia time (WIT), postoperative pain, length of stay (LOS), postoperative wound size, postoperative pain, and the postoperative renal function for twelve months retrospectively. Results: Operating time (257 vs. 180 min, P = 0.016) and LOS (6.5 vs. 5 days, P = 0.013) were significantly longer in the transperitoneal group. The postoperative wound size (47.5 vs. 75 mm, P = 0.038) was substantially smaller in the transperitoneal group. There was no significant difference in other parameters, including blood loss, WIT, complication rate, and postoperative pain from day one to day three. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal LESS-DN results in similar perioperative outcomes as transperitoneal LESS-DN without compromising donor safety and providing a faster operation time, shorter LOS, and a trend toward a shorter WIT. Both approach methods may be safe and effective procedures for living kidney transplantation.
目的:腹腔镜活体供肾切除术是大容量肾移植中心的主要手术技术。腹腔镜单部位供肾切除术(LESS-DN)是一种不断发展的微创手术，可通过经腹膜或后腹膜入路进行。我们对单一机构供体肾切除术系列进行回顾性分析，比较经腹膜和后腹膜LESS-DN的手术结果。材料和方法:17例2017-2020年接受LESS-DN治疗的患者入组。所有病例由同一位外科医生进行手术。回顾性比较两种入路12个月的手术时间、出血量、热缺血时间(WIT)、术后疼痛、住院时间(LOS)、术后创面大小、术后疼痛及术后肾功能。结果:经腹膜组手术时间(257 vs 180 min, P = 0.016)和LOS (6.5 vs 5 d, P = 0.013)明显长于经腹膜组。术后创面大小(47.5 vs 75 mm, P = 0.038)明显小于经腹膜组。从第1天到第3天，其他参数无显著差异，包括出血量、WIT、并发症发生率和术后疼痛。结论:腹膜后LESS-DN与腹膜后LESS-DN围手术期预后相似，且不影响供体安全性，且手术时间更快、LOS更短、WIT更短。这两种方法都可能是安全有效的活体肾移植方法。
{"title":"Safety and efficacy of laparoendoscopic single-site donor nephrectomy: A comparison of the transperitoneal and retroperitoneal approaches","authors":"C. Lin, Ching-Chia Li, H. Ke, Wen-Jeng Wu, Y. Chou, Sheng-Chen Wen","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_146_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_146_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Laparoscopic living-donor nephrectomy is the main technique at high-volume renal transplant centers. Laparoendoscopic single-site donor nephrectomy (LESS-DN) is s an evolutionary minimally invasive surgery, which could be performed by transperitoneal or retroperitoneal approaches. We present a retrospective analysis of our single-institution donor nephrectomy series comparing the transperitoneal to retroperitoneal LESS-DN regarding operative outcomes. Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients who underwent LESS-DN from 2017–2020 were enrolled at our center. The same surgeon performed all cases. The two approaches were compared for the operation time, blood loss, warm ischemia time (WIT), postoperative pain, length of stay (LOS), postoperative wound size, postoperative pain, and the postoperative renal function for twelve months retrospectively. Results: Operating time (257 vs. 180 min, P = 0.016) and LOS (6.5 vs. 5 days, P = 0.013) were significantly longer in the transperitoneal group. The postoperative wound size (47.5 vs. 75 mm, P = 0.038) was substantially smaller in the transperitoneal group. There was no significant difference in other parameters, including blood loss, WIT, complication rate, and postoperative pain from day one to day three. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal LESS-DN results in similar perioperative outcomes as transperitoneal LESS-DN without compromising donor safety and providing a faster operation time, shorter LOS, and a trend toward a shorter WIT. Both approach methods may be safe and effective procedures for living kidney transplantation.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"145 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44971858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TriSilix - A PCR like lab on a chip infection test aiming toward novel portable diagnostics","authors":"L. S. Simhachalam Kutikuppala, K. Adhit","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_21_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_21_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"157 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45155462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Testis is an organ with both endocrine and exocrine functions. The former stands for testosterone release, and the latter represents sperm production. Spermatogenesis is a process highly depending on adequate supply of testosterone by the Leydig cells of the testis. In men at the reproductive age, more than 90% of testosterone produced is used for spermatogenesis. In men with diminished testosterone secretion in testis, or hypogonadism, the spermatogenesis process is impaired. Testosterone can be converted into estradiol through the catalyzation of aromatase, a cytochrome P450 enzyme presented in the peripheral tissue. Blocking the activity of aromatase causes an elevation of serum testosterone and a decrease of serum estradiol levels. These effects result in an increase of testosterone-to-estradiol ratio. Infertile males with dysfunction of spermatogenesis may demonstrate a low testosterone-to-estradiol ratio. Studies have shown that aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are beneficial to treat patients with impaired spermatogenesis, by demonstrating improvement of the semen parameters in men with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Besides, AIs can also be applied in other health issues, such as hypogonadism-related erectile dysfunction, short statue, depression, or male breast cancer. There are two different types of AIs: steroidal and nonsteroidal. Steroidal AI (e.g., testolactone) is an irreversible, but weaker inhibitors, while nonsteroidal AIs (e.g., letrozole and anastozole) are potent reversible inhibitors. Both types of AIs demonstrate plausible effects to improve semen parameters. In this review, the physiological action of aromatase and the indications of AIs treatment are discussed in detail, especially focusing on the function of spermatogenesis in infertile men.
{"title":"The roles of aromatase inhibitors in treating hypogonadism and male infertility","authors":"W. Huang","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_28_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_28_22","url":null,"abstract":"Testis is an organ with both endocrine and exocrine functions. The former stands for testosterone release, and the latter represents sperm production. Spermatogenesis is a process highly depending on adequate supply of testosterone by the Leydig cells of the testis. In men at the reproductive age, more than 90% of testosterone produced is used for spermatogenesis. In men with diminished testosterone secretion in testis, or hypogonadism, the spermatogenesis process is impaired. Testosterone can be converted into estradiol through the catalyzation of aromatase, a cytochrome P450 enzyme presented in the peripheral tissue. Blocking the activity of aromatase causes an elevation of serum testosterone and a decrease of serum estradiol levels. These effects result in an increase of testosterone-to-estradiol ratio. Infertile males with dysfunction of spermatogenesis may demonstrate a low testosterone-to-estradiol ratio. Studies have shown that aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are beneficial to treat patients with impaired spermatogenesis, by demonstrating improvement of the semen parameters in men with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Besides, AIs can also be applied in other health issues, such as hypogonadism-related erectile dysfunction, short statue, depression, or male breast cancer. There are two different types of AIs: steroidal and nonsteroidal. Steroidal AI (e.g., testolactone) is an irreversible, but weaker inhibitors, while nonsteroidal AIs (e.g., letrozole and anastozole) are potent reversible inhibitors. Both types of AIs demonstrate plausible effects to improve semen parameters. In this review, the physiological action of aromatase and the indications of AIs treatment are discussed in detail, especially focusing on the function of spermatogenesis in infertile men.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"114 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43468952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_139_21
Mu-Chiao Tung, Chun-Hsien Wu, R. Wu, W. Kuo, Hsing-Chia Mai, Sih-Han Chen, C. Chiang, V. Lin
Purpose: Obesity has been proven to affect the outcomes in open radical prostatectomy. However, the relationship between obesity and the outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) was not conclusive. Herein, we aimed to investigate the impact of obesity on the clinical outcomes after RARP. Materials and Methods: From April 2016 to June 2020, 164 patients underwent RARP by a single experienced surgeon at our institute. Patients with previous transurethral resection of prostate (n = 30), hernioplasty (n = 13), and transperitoneal RARP (n = 26) were excluded. Finally, 105 patients were enrolled and divided into different groups according to their body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) using the definition of Taiwan National Health Institute. BMI was categorized into three groups (normal: BMI <24, overweight: BMI between 24 and 27, and obese: BMI ≥27 [kg/m2]). WC was categorized into two groups (normal: WC <90 and central obesity: WC ≥90 [cm]). Perioperative outcomes and functional outcomes including preoperative, postoperative erectile function, and postoperative continence status were evaluated. Results: Among BMI groups, 29 patients were normal, 43 patients were overweight, and 33 patients were obese. Console time and sum time showed a significant difference in different BMI groups (P = 0.034 and 0.016, respectively). Of the 101 patients with available magnetic resonance imaging, 74 patients' WC were normal, and 27 patients were central obese. Blood loss in central obesity group was significant more than normal WC group (300 ml vs. 200 ml, P = 0.04). No significant differences were observed in pathological and functional outcomes in both groups. Conclusion: Obesity and central obesity seemed to result in longer operation time and more blood loss in extraperitoneal RARP while functional outcomes can be maintained regardless of the obesity degree. Large-scale studies are necessary to further explore the relationship between obesity and the outcomes of RARP in future.
目的:肥胖已被证实会影响开放性根治性前列腺切除术的预后。然而，肥胖与机器人辅助根治性前列腺切除术(RARP)结果之间的关系尚无定论。本研究旨在探讨肥胖对RARP术后临床结果的影响。材料与方法:2016年4月至2020年6月，我院由一名经验丰富的外科医生对164例患者行RARP手术。排除既往经尿道前列腺切除术(n = 30)、疝成形术(n = 13)和经腹腔RARP (n = 26)的患者。最后，以105名患者为研究对象，依据体质指数(BMI)及腰围(WC)，采用台湾国立卫生研究院的定义，分为不同的组。BMI分为3组(正常:BMI <24，超重:BMI在24 ~ 27之间，肥胖:BMI≥27 [kg/m2])。WC分为正常组(WC <90)和中心性肥胖组(WC≥90 [cm])。评估围手术期结局和功能结局，包括术前、术后勃起功能和术后尿失禁状态。结果:BMI组中，正常29例，超重43例，肥胖33例。不同BMI组间治疗时间、总时间差异有统计学意义(P = 0.034、0.016)。101例磁共振成像患者中，74例WC正常，27例中心性肥胖。中心性肥胖组失血量显著高于正常WC组(300 ml vs 200 ml, P = 0.04)。两组的病理和功能结果均无显著差异。结论:肥胖和中心性肥胖似乎导致腹膜外RARP手术时间更长，出血量更多，但无论肥胖程度如何，功能结局均可维持。未来需要大规模的研究来进一步探讨肥胖与RARP结果之间的关系。
{"title":"Does obesity affect the outcomes of clinically localized prostate cancer in the era of extraperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy?","authors":"Mu-Chiao Tung, Chun-Hsien Wu, R. Wu, W. Kuo, Hsing-Chia Mai, Sih-Han Chen, C. Chiang, V. Lin","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_139_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_139_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Obesity has been proven to affect the outcomes in open radical prostatectomy. However, the relationship between obesity and the outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) was not conclusive. Herein, we aimed to investigate the impact of obesity on the clinical outcomes after RARP. Materials and Methods: From April 2016 to June 2020, 164 patients underwent RARP by a single experienced surgeon at our institute. Patients with previous transurethral resection of prostate (n = 30), hernioplasty (n = 13), and transperitoneal RARP (n = 26) were excluded. Finally, 105 patients were enrolled and divided into different groups according to their body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) using the definition of Taiwan National Health Institute. BMI was categorized into three groups (normal: BMI <24, overweight: BMI between 24 and 27, and obese: BMI ≥27 [kg/m2]). WC was categorized into two groups (normal: WC <90 and central obesity: WC ≥90 [cm]). Perioperative outcomes and functional outcomes including preoperative, postoperative erectile function, and postoperative continence status were evaluated. Results: Among BMI groups, 29 patients were normal, 43 patients were overweight, and 33 patients were obese. Console time and sum time showed a significant difference in different BMI groups (P = 0.034 and 0.016, respectively). Of the 101 patients with available magnetic resonance imaging, 74 patients' WC were normal, and 27 patients were central obese. Blood loss in central obesity group was significant more than normal WC group (300 ml vs. 200 ml, P = 0.04). No significant differences were observed in pathological and functional outcomes in both groups. Conclusion: Obesity and central obesity seemed to result in longer operation time and more blood loss in extraperitoneal RARP while functional outcomes can be maintained regardless of the obesity degree. Large-scale studies are necessary to further explore the relationship between obesity and the outcomes of RARP in future.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"136 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70853597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ya-Che Lee, Y. Jou, M. Cheng, Cheng-Huang Shen, Chang-te Lin
Purpose: To assess the outcome and safety of tubeless mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) to treat patients with renal and upper ureteral stones between 2 and 3 cm. Materials and Methods: Between July 2017 and June 2020, 140 patients underwent tubeless mini-PCNL and RIRS for renal stone size between 2 and 3 cm were enrolled in this study. The outcome was determined immediately after operation on plain radiograph kidney, ureter, and bladder and sonography. Various patient and stone characteristics including perioperative outcomes and complications were evaluated. SPSS version 16. Institutional Review Board of Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, approval number 2021037. Results: Stone-free rates after the procedure were achieved in 78.4% of patients for the tubeless mini-PCNL and 36.4% of patients for the RIRS Group (P < 0.001). However, the stone-free rates at 3 months after surgery were 78.4% for the tubeless mini-PCNL and 68.2% of the RIRS Group (P = 0.172). The mean operative time per patient was 88.6 ± 27.4 min in the tubeless mini-PCNL group, and it was 129.1 ± 44.8 min in the RIRS groups (P < 0.001). The average hospital stay is 3.4 ± 2.0 days in the tubeless mini-PCNL group and 1.9 ± 1.8 days in the RIRS group (P < 0.001). The postoperative infection rates for the tubeless mini-PCNL and RIRS groups were 9.5% and 6.1%, respectively (P = 0.456). Blood transfusions were needed in one patient in the tubeless mini-PCNL group. Conclusion: Tubeless mini-PCNL and RIRS are safe and effective methods for medium-sized renal calculi. Tubeless mini-PCNL compared to RIRS offers the better outcome of higher stone-free rate and lower operation time, but with longer hospital stay and stone-free rate (3-month postoperative).
{"title":"Comparison between tubeless mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy versus retrograde intrarenal surgery for the treatment of 2 to 3cm renal lithiasis","authors":"Ya-Che Lee, Y. Jou, M. Cheng, Cheng-Huang Shen, Chang-te Lin","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_54_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_54_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To assess the outcome and safety of tubeless mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) to treat patients with renal and upper ureteral stones between 2 and 3 cm. Materials and Methods: Between July 2017 and June 2020, 140 patients underwent tubeless mini-PCNL and RIRS for renal stone size between 2 and 3 cm were enrolled in this study. The outcome was determined immediately after operation on plain radiograph kidney, ureter, and bladder and sonography. Various patient and stone characteristics including perioperative outcomes and complications were evaluated. SPSS version 16. Institutional Review Board of Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, approval number 2021037. Results: Stone-free rates after the procedure were achieved in 78.4% of patients for the tubeless mini-PCNL and 36.4% of patients for the RIRS Group (P < 0.001). However, the stone-free rates at 3 months after surgery were 78.4% for the tubeless mini-PCNL and 68.2% of the RIRS Group (P = 0.172). The mean operative time per patient was 88.6 ± 27.4 min in the tubeless mini-PCNL group, and it was 129.1 ± 44.8 min in the RIRS groups (P < 0.001). The average hospital stay is 3.4 ± 2.0 days in the tubeless mini-PCNL group and 1.9 ± 1.8 days in the RIRS group (P < 0.001). The postoperative infection rates for the tubeless mini-PCNL and RIRS groups were 9.5% and 6.1%, respectively (P = 0.456). Blood transfusions were needed in one patient in the tubeless mini-PCNL group. Conclusion: Tubeless mini-PCNL and RIRS are safe and effective methods for medium-sized renal calculi. Tubeless mini-PCNL compared to RIRS offers the better outcome of higher stone-free rate and lower operation time, but with longer hospital stay and stone-free rate (3-month postoperative).","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"152 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48251274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Les fruits et légumes participent de plus en plus aux campagnes de sensibilisation, de prévention et de publicité à destination des consommateurs en raison de leurs effets bénéfiques sur la santé. Si les études épidémiologiques sont formelles (régime crétois et paradoxe français à l’appui), les mécanismes scientifiques sous-jacents sont toujours aussi difficiles et délicats à démonter et à expliquer. Les industriels de l’agroalimentaire en profitent pour mettre en avant leurs jus de fruits survitaminés, leurs laitages parfumés et leurs soupes traditionnelles mijotées, et les producteurs se plaignent toujours d’une baisse de la consommation des produits frais, et de leurs revenus. Les scientifiques présents à la 7e conférence EGEA 2015à Milan, en juin dernier1, n’y peuvent rien : l’écart se creuse toujours entre la perception des fruits et des légumes par les consommateurs, et la réalité économique et sanitaire de la filière. La bonne image et la valeur-santé des fruits et légumes profite aux produits transformés, plus faciles d’accès, à préparer, occasionnant moins de perte et de gaspillage pour le consommateur, tandis que les fruits et légumes frais sont considérés comme chers et périssables. Les politiques publiques dans le monde entier se sont emparées du problème, pour encourager la consommation des produits frais et tenter de contrecarrer la montée des maladies non-communicables (NCD) liées aux carences, aux déséquilibres nutritionnels et à l’obésité. Il est différent de traiter les personnes individuellement (cas de la médecine) et de s’adresser à des populations tout-entières. Or la valeur santé des aliments concerne non-pas un individu isolé, mais toute sa descendance. La recherche à cependant mis en évidence des résultats significatifs : la réduction des NCD par une consommation de fruits et légumes variés, mais aussi par une moindre consommation de viande rouge et transformée (charcuterie) ; et cette tendance est nettement marquée chez les enfants dont la mère a suivi un régime alimentaire de ce type durant sa grossesse. Le plus étonnant dans les études scientifiques récentes sur les effets des fruits et des légumes, c’est leur degré de complexité à mesure que les outils analytiques s’affinent. Tel est le message-clé délivré par le Pr. Yves Desjardins (Université Laval, Québec) à la conférence InnoHort d’Avignon, en juin toujours2. L’impact du changement climatique et du système de culture (conventionnel, raisonné, intégré, biologique . . .) sur la composition nutritionnelle des fruits est déjà ardu à appréhender. Il n’est rien, selon lui, en comparaison de la complexité liée à l’environnement microbiologique digestif de chaque individu, qui détermine la biodisponibilité et l’efficacité biologique de tel ou tel composant nutritionnel dans le corps humain. Dans ces deux conférences, il a été dit et répété que des descripteurs biochimiques des fruits ou des légumes ne sont pas toujours directement liés à des effets sur la santé humaine. D
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Y. Chuang","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_81_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_81_22","url":null,"abstract":"Les fruits et légumes participent de plus en plus aux campagnes de sensibilisation, de prévention et de publicité à destination des consommateurs en raison de leurs effets bénéfiques sur la santé. Si les études épidémiologiques sont formelles (régime crétois et paradoxe français à l’appui), les mécanismes scientifiques sous-jacents sont toujours aussi difficiles et délicats à démonter et à expliquer. Les industriels de l’agroalimentaire en profitent pour mettre en avant leurs jus de fruits survitaminés, leurs laitages parfumés et leurs soupes traditionnelles mijotées, et les producteurs se plaignent toujours d’une baisse de la consommation des produits frais, et de leurs revenus. Les scientifiques présents à la 7e conférence EGEA 2015à Milan, en juin dernier1, n’y peuvent rien : l’écart se creuse toujours entre la perception des fruits et des légumes par les consommateurs, et la réalité économique et sanitaire de la filière. La bonne image et la valeur-santé des fruits et légumes profite aux produits transformés, plus faciles d’accès, à préparer, occasionnant moins de perte et de gaspillage pour le consommateur, tandis que les fruits et légumes frais sont considérés comme chers et périssables. Les politiques publiques dans le monde entier se sont emparées du problème, pour encourager la consommation des produits frais et tenter de contrecarrer la montée des maladies non-communicables (NCD) liées aux carences, aux déséquilibres nutritionnels et à l’obésité. Il est différent de traiter les personnes individuellement (cas de la médecine) et de s’adresser à des populations tout-entières. Or la valeur santé des aliments concerne non-pas un individu isolé, mais toute sa descendance. La recherche à cependant mis en évidence des résultats significatifs : la réduction des NCD par une consommation de fruits et légumes variés, mais aussi par une moindre consommation de viande rouge et transformée (charcuterie) ; et cette tendance est nettement marquée chez les enfants dont la mère a suivi un régime alimentaire de ce type durant sa grossesse. Le plus étonnant dans les études scientifiques récentes sur les effets des fruits et des légumes, c’est leur degré de complexité à mesure que les outils analytiques s’affinent. Tel est le message-clé délivré par le Pr. Yves Desjardins (Université Laval, Québec) à la conférence InnoHort d’Avignon, en juin toujours2. L’impact du changement climatique et du système de culture (conventionnel, raisonné, intégré, biologique . . .) sur la composition nutritionnelle des fruits est déjà ardu à appréhender. Il n’est rien, selon lui, en comparaison de la complexité liée à l’environnement microbiologique digestif de chaque individu, qui détermine la biodisponibilité et l’efficacité biologique de tel ou tel composant nutritionnel dans le corps humain. Dans ces deux conférences, il a été dit et répété que des descripteurs biochimiques des fruits ou des légumes ne sont pas toujours directement liés à des effets sur la santé humaine. D","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"99 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41927154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_148_21
S. Abbosov, N. Sorokin, A. Shomarufov, A. Kadrev, Mikheev Vitalevich, Abdukodir A Fozilov, Y. Nadjimitdinov, O. Alexsandrovich, S. Giyasov, S. Mukhtarov, F. Akilov, A. Kamalov
Purpose: The aim was to assess the results of balloon dilation in patients with bladder neck contracture (BNC) after endoscopic surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods: The study involved 120 patients with recurrent BNC after transurethral interventions for BPH. All patients underwent transurethral resection (TUR) of the bladder neck and were divided into two groups: Group A (n = 45) included men who, after TUR, additionally underwent repeated balloon dilation, whereas the control group B (n = 75) included men who were treated with alpha-blockers alone. Results: In 9 months after TUR and 3 months after the 4th balloon dilation procedure in Group A, the mean international prostate symptom score (IPSS) decreased from 20.1 ± 8.4 to 17.2 ± 7.4, and the IPSS-quality of life was 4.2 ± 1.2 (P > 0.05). In Group B, they were 21.7 ± 7.7 and 4.7 ± 1.1 (P > 0.05), respectively. In addition, the mean flow rate in Group A was 13.2 ± 5.4 ml/s, whereas in Group B, it was 8.7 ± 4.9 ml/s (P < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the postvoid residual urine volume from 76.2 ± 96.1 ml to 37.6 ± 55.1 ml in Group A, whereas, in Group B, it increased from 63.0 ± 36.9 ml to 79.4 ± 71.6 ml (P > 0.05). Furthermore, 28.0% of patients of Group B and 13.3% of patients of Group A underwent repeated TUR of the bladder neck in 9 months follow-up period (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Balloon dilation is a safe less invasive procedure and can reduce the possibility of BNC recurrence and thus the rate of repeated transurethral interventions.
{"title":"Assessment of the balloon dilation efficiency in bladder neck contracture after transurethral interventions on the prostate","authors":"S. Abbosov, N. Sorokin, A. Shomarufov, A. Kadrev, Mikheev Vitalevich, Abdukodir A Fozilov, Y. Nadjimitdinov, O. Alexsandrovich, S. Giyasov, S. Mukhtarov, F. Akilov, A. Kamalov","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_148_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_148_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim was to assess the results of balloon dilation in patients with bladder neck contracture (BNC) after endoscopic surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods: The study involved 120 patients with recurrent BNC after transurethral interventions for BPH. All patients underwent transurethral resection (TUR) of the bladder neck and were divided into two groups: Group A (n = 45) included men who, after TUR, additionally underwent repeated balloon dilation, whereas the control group B (n = 75) included men who were treated with alpha-blockers alone. Results: In 9 months after TUR and 3 months after the 4th balloon dilation procedure in Group A, the mean international prostate symptom score (IPSS) decreased from 20.1 ± 8.4 to 17.2 ± 7.4, and the IPSS-quality of life was 4.2 ± 1.2 (P > 0.05). In Group B, they were 21.7 ± 7.7 and 4.7 ± 1.1 (P > 0.05), respectively. In addition, the mean flow rate in Group A was 13.2 ± 5.4 ml/s, whereas in Group B, it was 8.7 ± 4.9 ml/s (P < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the postvoid residual urine volume from 76.2 ± 96.1 ml to 37.6 ± 55.1 ml in Group A, whereas, in Group B, it increased from 63.0 ± 36.9 ml to 79.4 ± 71.6 ml (P > 0.05). Furthermore, 28.0% of patients of Group B and 13.3% of patients of Group A underwent repeated TUR of the bladder neck in 9 months follow-up period (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Balloon dilation is a safe less invasive procedure and can reduce the possibility of BNC recurrence and thus the rate of repeated transurethral interventions.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"130 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41712006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_141_21
C-C Kuo, B. Chiang, Jung-Yang Yu, Yu-Ting Hsieh, Chung-Hsin Chen, Y. Pu
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to compare the efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains, Connaught (ImmuCyst®), and TICE (OncoTICE®) in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (nMIBC). Materials and Methods: Patients with nMIBC who underwent transurethral resection between March 1997 and December 2017 were enrolled. TICE was used due to the Connaught strain shortage since 2012; hence, direct comparison of the two strains could not be performed. An intravesical instillation (IVI) regimen of mitomycin-C, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MDP) was used as the reference for comparison. The MDP group was separated into two cohorts (MDP-1 and MDP-2) that matched the same time period of Connaught and TICE treatment. Patients who did not complete the IVI course before disease recurrence or progression or were not followed up for at least 24 months were excluded. Results: A total of 730 patients were included in the analysis. There were 67 (9.2%), 38 (5.2%), and 625 (85.6%) patients who received the Connaught, TICE, and MDP treatment, respectively. During a median follow-up duration of 59 months, the recurrence rates of the Connaught, MDP-1, TICE, and MDP-2 groups were 10.5%, 22.8%, 28.9%, and 23.0%, respectively. Both BCG groups had higher tumor grades and more instances of carcinoma in situ than their corresponding MDP cohorts. The Connaught and TICE strains had similar effects in preventing tumor recurrence (Connaught vs. MDP, P = 0.876; TICE vs. MDP, P = 0.556). In the multivariable Cox proportional hazard model that included all patients, the Connaught and TICE groups had a similar risk (hazard ratio = 0.784 and 0.850) of recurrence compared to the MDP protocol. Although progression events were more frequently noticed in the Connaught group, the small number of events limited the analysis. Conclusion: The BCG strains, Connaught and TICE, had similar efficacy in reducing bladder tumor recurrence in nMIBC patients. Both strains resulted in similar bladder recurrence-free survival rates to chemotherapeutic agents.
目的:比较卡介苗(Bacillus calmette - gusamrin, BCG)、Connaught (ImmuCyst®)和TICE (OncoTICE®)治疗非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌(nMIBC)的疗效。材料和方法:纳入1997年3月至2017年12月期间接受经尿道切除术的nMIBC患者。自2012年以来，由于康诺特菌株短缺，使用了TICE;因此，无法对两株进行直接比较。以丝裂霉素- c、阿霉素、顺铂(MDP)静脉滴注(IVI)方案为对照进行比较。MDP组被分为两个队列(MDP-1和MDP-2)，它们与Connaught和TICE治疗的同一时间段相匹配。在疾病复发或进展前未完成IVI疗程或未随访至少24个月的患者被排除在外。结果:共有730例患者被纳入分析。分别有67例(9.2%)、38例(5.2%)和625例(85.6%)患者接受Connaught、TICE和MDP治疗。在中位随访59个月期间，Connaught、MDP-1、TICE和MDP-2组的复发率分别为10.5%、22.8%、28.9%和23.0%。与相应的MDP组相比，BCG组有更高的肿瘤分级和更多的原位癌病例。Connaught与TICE菌株在预防肿瘤复发方面效果相似(Connaught vs. MDP, P = 0.876;TICE vs. MDP, P = 0.556)。在纳入所有患者的多变量Cox比例风险模型中，与MDP方案相比，Connaught组和TICE组的复发风险相似(风险比分别为0.784和0.850)。虽然进展事件在Connaught组更常被注意到，但事件数量少限制了分析。结论:康诺特卡介苗株与TICE卡介苗株减少nMIBC患者膀胱肿瘤复发的疗效相似。两种菌株的膀胱无复发生存率与化疗药物相似。
{"title":"The comparison of efficacy between the connaught and tice strains of bacillus calmette-guérin in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in Taiwan","authors":"C-C Kuo, B. Chiang, Jung-Yang Yu, Yu-Ting Hsieh, Chung-Hsin Chen, Y. Pu","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_141_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_141_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the study is to compare the efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains, Connaught (ImmuCyst®), and TICE (OncoTICE®) in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (nMIBC). Materials and Methods: Patients with nMIBC who underwent transurethral resection between March 1997 and December 2017 were enrolled. TICE was used due to the Connaught strain shortage since 2012; hence, direct comparison of the two strains could not be performed. An intravesical instillation (IVI) regimen of mitomycin-C, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MDP) was used as the reference for comparison. The MDP group was separated into two cohorts (MDP-1 and MDP-2) that matched the same time period of Connaught and TICE treatment. Patients who did not complete the IVI course before disease recurrence or progression or were not followed up for at least 24 months were excluded. Results: A total of 730 patients were included in the analysis. There were 67 (9.2%), 38 (5.2%), and 625 (85.6%) patients who received the Connaught, TICE, and MDP treatment, respectively. During a median follow-up duration of 59 months, the recurrence rates of the Connaught, MDP-1, TICE, and MDP-2 groups were 10.5%, 22.8%, 28.9%, and 23.0%, respectively. Both BCG groups had higher tumor grades and more instances of carcinoma in situ than their corresponding MDP cohorts. The Connaught and TICE strains had similar effects in preventing tumor recurrence (Connaught vs. MDP, P = 0.876; TICE vs. MDP, P = 0.556). In the multivariable Cox proportional hazard model that included all patients, the Connaught and TICE groups had a similar risk (hazard ratio = 0.784 and 0.850) of recurrence compared to the MDP protocol. Although progression events were more frequently noticed in the Connaught group, the small number of events limited the analysis. Conclusion: The BCG strains, Connaught and TICE, had similar efficacy in reducing bladder tumor recurrence in nMIBC patients. Both strains resulted in similar bladder recurrence-free survival rates to chemotherapeutic agents.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"86 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47395504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_114_21
Chun-Kai Chang, Cheng-Hsueh Lee, Chunhsuan Lin, Ching-Chia Li, Sheng-Chen Wen, H. Yeh, J. Geng
Purpose: The surgical treatment for severe benign prostatic hyperplasia is challenging. The aim of our study was to compare the safety and efficacy of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (M-TURP) and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HOLEP) for prostate size >100 ml. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated our database of two groups of patients. Thirteen patients underwent M-TURP (group 1), and 27 underwent HOLEP (group 2). Results: The mean prostate size was 163.1 ± 49.0 ml in group 1 and 143.4 ± 40.9 ml in group 2 (P = 0.19). There was no significant difference in resected tissue volume, days of catheter removal, admission days, and postoperative serum hemoglobin between treatment groups. However, in group 1, mean postoperative serum sodium dropped from 137.1 mmol/L to 131.4 mmol/L, which was significantly lower than postoperative serum sodium in group 2 (P < 0.0001). There were more complications in group 1 than group 2, especially for patients undergoing transfusion (76.9% in group 1 and 22.2% in group 2) and with hyponatremia (15.4% in group 1 and 0% in group 2). At 3-month follow-up, the international prostate symptom score, quality of life score, and residual urine volume revealed no significant differences between groups. Conclusion: M-TURP and HOLEP in men with prostate volume greater 100 ml had similar operative time, admission days and postoperative functional outcomes. However, higher transfusion rates and postoperative hyponatremia were noted in the M-TURP group comparing to the HOLEP group.
{"title":"Monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate versus holmium laser enucleation in men with prostate volume greater than 100 mL","authors":"Chun-Kai Chang, Cheng-Hsueh Lee, Chunhsuan Lin, Ching-Chia Li, Sheng-Chen Wen, H. Yeh, J. Geng","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_114_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_114_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The surgical treatment for severe benign prostatic hyperplasia is challenging. The aim of our study was to compare the safety and efficacy of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (M-TURP) and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HOLEP) for prostate size >100 ml. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated our database of two groups of patients. Thirteen patients underwent M-TURP (group 1), and 27 underwent HOLEP (group 2). Results: The mean prostate size was 163.1 ± 49.0 ml in group 1 and 143.4 ± 40.9 ml in group 2 (P = 0.19). There was no significant difference in resected tissue volume, days of catheter removal, admission days, and postoperative serum hemoglobin between treatment groups. However, in group 1, mean postoperative serum sodium dropped from 137.1 mmol/L to 131.4 mmol/L, which was significantly lower than postoperative serum sodium in group 2 (P < 0.0001). There were more complications in group 1 than group 2, especially for patients undergoing transfusion (76.9% in group 1 and 22.2% in group 2) and with hyponatremia (15.4% in group 1 and 0% in group 2). At 3-month follow-up, the international prostate symptom score, quality of life score, and residual urine volume revealed no significant differences between groups. Conclusion: M-TURP and HOLEP in men with prostate volume greater 100 ml had similar operative time, admission days and postoperative functional outcomes. However, higher transfusion rates and postoperative hyponatremia were noted in the M-TURP group comparing to the HOLEP group.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"70 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42245882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_140_21
Chin Ooi, Y. Wong, S. Thevarajah
Purpose: This study aimed to determine the reliability and validity of a new baseline renal function calculator after radical nephrectomy in Malaysian patients. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively collected data on patients' demographics, tumor characteristics, and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during radical nephrectomy from a single urology center from 2015 to 2020. The predicted eGFR was determined using a calculator. Predicted eGFR was validated by performing simple linear regression and Pearson coefficient correlations; reliability was determined by calculating Shrout and Fleiss's intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: Fifty-two patients (mean age, 57.5 years) were enrolled in this study. Thirty-seven (71.2%) patients were men, and 15 (28.8%) had diabetes. Most of the patients (90.2%) had a baseline eGFR of >60 mL/min/1.73 m2. The mean preoperative eGFR was 85.33 mL/min/1.73 m2, whereas the mean postoperative eGFR was 59.88 mL/min/1.73 m2. Simple linear regression analysis resulted in an R2 value of 0.700. The predicted eGFR was significantly correlated with the actual eGFR 6 months after radical nephrectomy (r = 0.837, P < 0.0001). The intraclass correlation coefficient value of 0.83 indicated good reliability of the formula. Conclusion: Our new validated and reliable baseline renal function calculator can provide easy and rapid prediction of renal function in patients scheduled for radical nephrectomy in a sample Malaysian population.
{"title":"Reliability and validity of a new baseline renal function calculator after radical nephrectomy in a Malaysian population","authors":"Chin Ooi, Y. Wong, S. Thevarajah","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_140_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_140_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to determine the reliability and validity of a new baseline renal function calculator after radical nephrectomy in Malaysian patients. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively collected data on patients' demographics, tumor characteristics, and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during radical nephrectomy from a single urology center from 2015 to 2020. The predicted eGFR was determined using a calculator. Predicted eGFR was validated by performing simple linear regression and Pearson coefficient correlations; reliability was determined by calculating Shrout and Fleiss's intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: Fifty-two patients (mean age, 57.5 years) were enrolled in this study. Thirty-seven (71.2%) patients were men, and 15 (28.8%) had diabetes. Most of the patients (90.2%) had a baseline eGFR of >60 mL/min/1.73 m2. The mean preoperative eGFR was 85.33 mL/min/1.73 m2, whereas the mean postoperative eGFR was 59.88 mL/min/1.73 m2. Simple linear regression analysis resulted in an R2 value of 0.700. The predicted eGFR was significantly correlated with the actual eGFR 6 months after radical nephrectomy (r = 0.837, P < 0.0001). The intraclass correlation coefficient value of 0.83 indicated good reliability of the formula. Conclusion: Our new validated and reliable baseline renal function calculator can provide easy and rapid prediction of renal function in patients scheduled for radical nephrectomy in a sample Malaysian population.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"82 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46976772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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