Purpose: The use of various alpha-receptor antagonists (α-blocker) drugs as medical expulsive therapy (MET) for spontaneous clearance of ureteral calculi of various sizes has been extensive in the last decade by urologists across the world. Among all, α-blocker tamsulosin has been used widely. In contrast silodosin which is recently introduced in the market and more selective alpha-receptor antagonist and cardioselective drug but it has not been used widely as MET. In this study, silodosin (8 mg), tamsulosin (0.4 mg), and oral hydration therapy were compared in terms of efficacy and safety as MET in the management of ureteric stone along with rate of stone clearance, expulsion time, analgesic requirements, and adverse effects for treating ureteral stones size between ≥4 mm and ≤10 mm in diameter. Materials and Methods: Prospective randomized study was conducted between September 2018 and August 2020 with a total of 240 patients (80 patients in each arm) in tertiary care center of eastern India. First group received a single dose of silodosin (8 mg) daily, second group received a single dose of tamsulosin (0.4 mg) daily and third group received oral hydration therapy for 4 weeks. Results: There is no difference in the stone expulsion rate (SER), stone expulsion time (SET), and surgical intervention between tamsulosin, silodosin and oral hydration therapy group for ureteric stones ≤5 mm size. For ureteric stones of size 6 mm–10 mm, silodosin has better SER than tamsulosin with no difference in terms of SET. Analgesic requirement and pain episodes were more in the oral hydration group with no adverse effects (statistically significant). Conclusion: The proportion of passed-out stone was significantly higher among the patients treated with silodosin (65.0%) in comparison to other two groups (P < 0.05) with no difference in SET.
{"title":"A comparative study of the efficacy of silodosin versus tamsulosin versus oral hydration therapy in medical expulsion therapy for ureteral calculi","authors":"D. Pal, Ankit Kumar, D. Sarkar","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_16_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_16_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The use of various alpha-receptor antagonists (α-blocker) drugs as medical expulsive therapy (MET) for spontaneous clearance of ureteral calculi of various sizes has been extensive in the last decade by urologists across the world. Among all, α-blocker tamsulosin has been used widely. In contrast silodosin which is recently introduced in the market and more selective alpha-receptor antagonist and cardioselective drug but it has not been used widely as MET. In this study, silodosin (8 mg), tamsulosin (0.4 mg), and oral hydration therapy were compared in terms of efficacy and safety as MET in the management of ureteric stone along with rate of stone clearance, expulsion time, analgesic requirements, and adverse effects for treating ureteral stones size between ≥4 mm and ≤10 mm in diameter. Materials and Methods: Prospective randomized study was conducted between September 2018 and August 2020 with a total of 240 patients (80 patients in each arm) in tertiary care center of eastern India. First group received a single dose of silodosin (8 mg) daily, second group received a single dose of tamsulosin (0.4 mg) daily and third group received oral hydration therapy for 4 weeks. Results: There is no difference in the stone expulsion rate (SER), stone expulsion time (SET), and surgical intervention between tamsulosin, silodosin and oral hydration therapy group for ureteric stones ≤5 mm size. For ureteric stones of size 6 mm–10 mm, silodosin has better SER than tamsulosin with no difference in terms of SET. Analgesic requirement and pain episodes were more in the oral hydration group with no adverse effects (statistically significant). Conclusion: The proportion of passed-out stone was significantly higher among the patients treated with silodosin (65.0%) in comparison to other two groups (P < 0.05) with no difference in SET.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"19 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43173135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pai-Yen Pan, Ta-Min Wang, Kuo-Jen Lin, Hsu-Han Wang, S. Chu, Y. Chiang, Chih-Te Lin
Purpose: We report the outcomes of transperineal urethroplasty in patients with pelvic fracture urethral distraction defects (PFUDDs) over the past 12 years. Materials and Methods: Patients who received transperineal anastomotic repair of PFUDDs from January 2007 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, specifically focusing on demographic findings, pelvic fracture type, urethral distraction defect length (based on retrograde urethrography and cystography), previous treatments, and ancillary maneuvers during surgery. Simultaneously, differences in clinical factors between successful and failed cases were also analyzed. Results: A total of 36 patients were included, with a final success rate of 83%. The mean age was 40.4 years, whereas the mean urethral distraction defect length was 31.9 mm. Most patients (69%) presented with unstable pelvic fractures. Treatment before referral included endoscopic treatment and urethroplasty in 13 (36%) and 2 cases (6%), respectively. For difficult cases, ancillary procedures, which included corporeal splitting (61.1%) and inferior pubectomy (8.3%), were performed. The postoperative average peak flow rate was 14.9 mL/s in the success group. Age and urethral defect length differed significantly between the success and failure groups. Conclusions: Over the past 12 years, transperineal urethral reconstruction demonstrated a success rate of 83% in 36 patients with PFUDD. Age and urethral defect length were identified as the two main factors affecting surgical prognosis.
{"title":"Transperineal urethroplasty for urethral distraction defects caused by pelvic fracture: Outcome analysis in 36 patients","authors":"Pai-Yen Pan, Ta-Min Wang, Kuo-Jen Lin, Hsu-Han Wang, S. Chu, Y. Chiang, Chih-Te Lin","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_78_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_78_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We report the outcomes of transperineal urethroplasty in patients with pelvic fracture urethral distraction defects (PFUDDs) over the past 12 years. Materials and Methods: Patients who received transperineal anastomotic repair of PFUDDs from January 2007 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, specifically focusing on demographic findings, pelvic fracture type, urethral distraction defect length (based on retrograde urethrography and cystography), previous treatments, and ancillary maneuvers during surgery. Simultaneously, differences in clinical factors between successful and failed cases were also analyzed. Results: A total of 36 patients were included, with a final success rate of 83%. The mean age was 40.4 years, whereas the mean urethral distraction defect length was 31.9 mm. Most patients (69%) presented with unstable pelvic fractures. Treatment before referral included endoscopic treatment and urethroplasty in 13 (36%) and 2 cases (6%), respectively. For difficult cases, ancillary procedures, which included corporeal splitting (61.1%) and inferior pubectomy (8.3%), were performed. The postoperative average peak flow rate was 14.9 mL/s in the success group. Age and urethral defect length differed significantly between the success and failure groups. Conclusions: Over the past 12 years, transperineal urethral reconstruction demonstrated a success rate of 83% in 36 patients with PFUDD. Age and urethral defect length were identified as the two main factors affecting surgical prognosis.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"42 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47961617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aaron J Huang, John Heard, Isabelle Sharma, Fradah E. Gold, Omran Gdara, C. Weinstein, M. Kashani, A. Winer
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the urology residency application cycle on social media engagement and account creation by urology residency programs and applicants. Materials and Methods: A list of accredited urology residency programs was taken from the Electronic Residency Application Service, excluding military-sponsored programs. Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook accounts of programs and applicants were then identified through Google and individual platform searches. Results: One hundred and nineteen out of 140 urology programs had Twitter accounts, with 29 created in 2020. Urology program Instagram accounts had the largest growth rate in 2020 of 227.8%. Almost all urology programs that had Instagram or Facebook accounts also had a Twitter account. Urology programs promoted a total of 277 virtual events on Twitter, 83 on Instagram, and 48 on Facebook. Sixteen subinternships were promoted on Twitter, two on Instagram, and two on Facebook. In the 2021 match, 136 of the 237 matched applicants on Twitter made their accounts in the year leading up to the match and 42 of the 162 matched applicants on Twitter created their Twitter accounts during the 2019 cycle. Conclusion: The number of urology programs on Twitter and Instagram increased in 2020 at a faster rate than previous years. Many programs used their accounts to promote virtual events and subinternships. Applicants who matched in 2021 made Twitter accounts during their application year at a higher rate than the previous application cycle. During the COVID-19 pandemic, urology programs and applicants utilized social media, especially Twitter, to engage and learn about each other.
{"title":"#UroSoMe: Growth and innovation of the social media landscape of urology residency programs and applicants during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Aaron J Huang, John Heard, Isabelle Sharma, Fradah E. Gold, Omran Gdara, C. Weinstein, M. Kashani, A. Winer","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_83_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_83_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the urology residency application cycle on social media engagement and account creation by urology residency programs and applicants. Materials and Methods: A list of accredited urology residency programs was taken from the Electronic Residency Application Service, excluding military-sponsored programs. Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook accounts of programs and applicants were then identified through Google and individual platform searches. Results: One hundred and nineteen out of 140 urology programs had Twitter accounts, with 29 created in 2020. Urology program Instagram accounts had the largest growth rate in 2020 of 227.8%. Almost all urology programs that had Instagram or Facebook accounts also had a Twitter account. Urology programs promoted a total of 277 virtual events on Twitter, 83 on Instagram, and 48 on Facebook. Sixteen subinternships were promoted on Twitter, two on Instagram, and two on Facebook. In the 2021 match, 136 of the 237 matched applicants on Twitter made their accounts in the year leading up to the match and 42 of the 162 matched applicants on Twitter created their Twitter accounts during the 2019 cycle. Conclusion: The number of urology programs on Twitter and Instagram increased in 2020 at a faster rate than previous years. Many programs used their accounts to promote virtual events and subinternships. Applicants who matched in 2021 made Twitter accounts during their application year at a higher rate than the previous application cycle. During the COVID-19 pandemic, urology programs and applicants utilized social media, especially Twitter, to engage and learn about each other.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"14 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48282615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bohan Wang, A. Reed-Maldonado, Kim Ly, G. Lin, T. Lue
For many years, low-intensity extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (Li-ESWT) has been clinically applied as a noninvasive therapeutic method, for urological diseases. The major corresponding biological molecular mechanisms of Li-ESWT are to induce stem cell differentiation, neural regeneration, and angiogenesis. This narrative review aims to present an overview of the potential utility of Li-ESWT and its effects on stem cell therapies. Recent studies have also shown that the combination treatment of Li-ESWT and stem cell therapies can be a new option for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), urinary incontinence, bladder dysfunction, and other diseases. The potential contributions of Li-ESWT on stem cell therapies for these diseases are studied, highlighting the influence of Li-ESWT on proliferation, viability, and differentiation capacity of certain stem cells. The potential mechanisms, including the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, chemokine CXC motif ligand 5, and transforming growth factor-β1 are described herein. Li-ESWT can also activate many cellular signaling pathways. The combination of Li-ESWT and stem cell therapies is a promising strategy for urological diseases. However, a much greater understanding of the mechanisms by which Li-ESWT enhances the efficacy of stem cell therapy is still needed before this combined treatment can be recommended for large-scale clinical application.
{"title":"Potential applications of low-intensity extracorporeal shock-wave therapy in urological diseases via activation of tissue resident stem cells","authors":"Bohan Wang, A. Reed-Maldonado, Kim Ly, G. Lin, T. Lue","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_56_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_56_21","url":null,"abstract":"For many years, low-intensity extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (Li-ESWT) has been clinically applied as a noninvasive therapeutic method, for urological diseases. The major corresponding biological molecular mechanisms of Li-ESWT are to induce stem cell differentiation, neural regeneration, and angiogenesis. This narrative review aims to present an overview of the potential utility of Li-ESWT and its effects on stem cell therapies. Recent studies have also shown that the combination treatment of Li-ESWT and stem cell therapies can be a new option for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), urinary incontinence, bladder dysfunction, and other diseases. The potential contributions of Li-ESWT on stem cell therapies for these diseases are studied, highlighting the influence of Li-ESWT on proliferation, viability, and differentiation capacity of certain stem cells. The potential mechanisms, including the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, chemokine CXC motif ligand 5, and transforming growth factor-β1 are described herein. Li-ESWT can also activate many cellular signaling pathways. The combination of Li-ESWT and stem cell therapies is a promising strategy for urological diseases. However, a much greater understanding of the mechanisms by which Li-ESWT enhances the efficacy of stem cell therapy is still needed before this combined treatment can be recommended for large-scale clinical application.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"3 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44483644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mhaske, V. Sabale, V. Satav, Sonu Sharma, Shashikant Asabe, Hareesh Belagalli
Purpose: This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of transperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (TPLU) and retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (RPLU) in the surgical management of ureterolithiasis. Materials and Methods: The current prospective study was conducted at the Department of Urology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College. The complete patient medical history including patient's age, sex, stone (size, number, and laterality), and past history of stone surgeries were evaluated. Based on the treatment method, the patients were divided into TPLU and RPLU group. Both the procedures were evaluated for parameters including operative technique, operating time, hospital stay, intra- and postoperative complications, conversion rate, success rate, and surgical ergonomics. Results: A total of 50 patients were included (TPLU, n = 25; and RPLU, n = 25). The average age was 43.6 years in the TPLU and 46.7 years in the RPLU group. The average size of calculi was >15 mm in both the groups. The operation time and blood loss were relatively higher in the TPLU group than RPLU group. The complete stone clearance was observed in both the groups. The pain in loin area and burning micturition were the most common complaints reported by the patients from both the groups. One patient from RPLU group was converted to open surgery. The calculi size in TPLU group was positively correlated with operative time (r = 0.535, P = 0.006), blood loss (r = 0.440, P = 0.028), and hospital stay (r = 0.430, P = 0.032). Conclusion: TPLU and RPLU are feasible techniques for the management of large ureteric stones that are not amenable to ureteroscopy or extracorporeal shockwave therapy.
目的:评价经腹腔腹腔镜输尿管取石术(TPLU)和后腹腔腹腔镜输尿管取石术(RPLU)在输尿管结石手术治疗中的有效性和安全性。材料和方法:目前的前瞻性研究是在帕蒂尔医学院泌尿外科进行的。评估患者的完整病史，包括患者的年龄、性别、结石(大小、数量和侧边性)和既往结石手术史。根据治疗方法将患者分为TPLU组和RPLU组。评估两种手术的参数包括手术技术、手术时间、住院时间、手术内和术后并发症、转换率、成功率和手术工效学。结果:共纳入患者50例(TPLU, n = 25;RPLU, n = 25)。TPLU组平均年龄为43.6岁，RPLU组平均年龄为46.7岁。两组结石平均大小均为50 ~ 15 mm。TPLU组手术时间和出血量均高于RPLU组。两组均观察到结石完全清除。腰痛和排尿灼烧是两组患者最常见的主诉。RPLU组1例转为开腹手术。TPLU组结石大小与手术时间(r = 0.535, P = 0.006)、出血量(r = 0.440, P = 0.028)、住院时间(r = 0.430, P = 0.032)呈正相关。结论:TPLU和RPLU是治疗输尿管镜检查或体外冲击波治疗无效的大结石的可行技术。
{"title":"Comparative study of transperitoneal laparoscopic versus retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy techniques","authors":"S. Mhaske, V. Sabale, V. Satav, Sonu Sharma, Shashikant Asabe, Hareesh Belagalli","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_83_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_83_20","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of transperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (TPLU) and retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (RPLU) in the surgical management of ureterolithiasis. Materials and Methods: The current prospective study was conducted at the Department of Urology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College. The complete patient medical history including patient's age, sex, stone (size, number, and laterality), and past history of stone surgeries were evaluated. Based on the treatment method, the patients were divided into TPLU and RPLU group. Both the procedures were evaluated for parameters including operative technique, operating time, hospital stay, intra- and postoperative complications, conversion rate, success rate, and surgical ergonomics. Results: A total of 50 patients were included (TPLU, n = 25; and RPLU, n = 25). The average age was 43.6 years in the TPLU and 46.7 years in the RPLU group. The average size of calculi was >15 mm in both the groups. The operation time and blood loss were relatively higher in the TPLU group than RPLU group. The complete stone clearance was observed in both the groups. The pain in loin area and burning micturition were the most common complaints reported by the patients from both the groups. One patient from RPLU group was converted to open surgery. The calculi size in TPLU group was positively correlated with operative time (r = 0.535, P = 0.006), blood loss (r = 0.440, P = 0.028), and hospital stay (r = 0.430, P = 0.032). Conclusion: TPLU and RPLU are feasible techniques for the management of large ureteric stones that are not amenable to ureteroscopy or extracorporeal shockwave therapy.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"9 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41439656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate the incidence and clinical features of patients who have undergone nephroureterectomy with nonmalignant upper tract lesions presumed to be urothelial carcinoma from images in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: Between October 2004 and October 2015, our institute had 350 patients who underwent retroperitoneoscopic nephroureterectomy for possible upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma without a routine diagnostic ureteroscopy (URS) or ureteroscopic biopsy. Trauma, urolithiasis, or infection were excluded. We collected imaging findings; urine cytology results; renal function status; previous urothelial history; and the final pathology results. Twenty-three (6.6%) patients had nonmalignant benign lesions found from pathology. Results: The 23 patients comprised nine men and fourteen women. Most patients were middle-aged. Initial symptoms included gross hematuria, hydronephrosis, and flank pain. From self-voided urine cytology, the most common result was atypical cells. The number of patients was equal in the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) plus postkidney transplantation group and the non-ESRD group. In addition, we divided patients into two groups according to lesioned kidney function status: Nonfunctional kidney (NFK) or functional kidney (FK). The most common pathologic feature found in the NFK group was atrophic kidneys. On the other hand, the most common diagnosis in the FK group was pyelonephritis. Conclusion: Nonmalignant pathologic lesions were detected in 23 patients who had undergone retroperitoneoscopic nephroureterectomy without preoperative diagnostic URS for upper tract lesions. Self-voided urine cytology provided limited information for diagnosis in this group. For the almost 75% of patients with NFK, nephroureterectomy may be a feasible diagnostic and therapeutic method.
{"title":"Clinical features of patients with nonmalignant upper tract lesions mimicking urothelial cancer","authors":"Ze‐Hong Lu, C. Ou, Kun Lin","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_3_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_3_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate the incidence and clinical features of patients who have undergone nephroureterectomy with nonmalignant upper tract lesions presumed to be urothelial carcinoma from images in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: Between October 2004 and October 2015, our institute had 350 patients who underwent retroperitoneoscopic nephroureterectomy for possible upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma without a routine diagnostic ureteroscopy (URS) or ureteroscopic biopsy. Trauma, urolithiasis, or infection were excluded. We collected imaging findings; urine cytology results; renal function status; previous urothelial history; and the final pathology results. Twenty-three (6.6%) patients had nonmalignant benign lesions found from pathology. Results: The 23 patients comprised nine men and fourteen women. Most patients were middle-aged. Initial symptoms included gross hematuria, hydronephrosis, and flank pain. From self-voided urine cytology, the most common result was atypical cells. The number of patients was equal in the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) plus postkidney transplantation group and the non-ESRD group. In addition, we divided patients into two groups according to lesioned kidney function status: Nonfunctional kidney (NFK) or functional kidney (FK). The most common pathologic feature found in the NFK group was atrophic kidneys. On the other hand, the most common diagnosis in the FK group was pyelonephritis. Conclusion: Nonmalignant pathologic lesions were detected in 23 patients who had undergone retroperitoneoscopic nephroureterectomy without preoperative diagnostic URS for upper tract lesions. Self-voided urine cytology provided limited information for diagnosis in this group. For the almost 75% of patients with NFK, nephroureterectomy may be a feasible diagnostic and therapeutic method.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"151 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48768474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tzu-Chun Lai, T. Cha, Yi-Ta Tsai, Shu-yu Liu, Sheng‐Tang Wu, E. Meng, C. Tsao, C. Kao, Chin‐Li Chen, Guang‐Huan Sun, Dah-Shyong Yu, Ming‐Hsin Yang
Purpose: To conduct research on the molecular oncology, physiology, and immunology of urologic tumors requires dissociated viable samples. Improper collection compromises the quality of data attained in molecular and functional assays due to the increased quantities of degraded proteins and RNA. We sought to improve the methods for tissue collection which can avoid generating considerable loss in the viability of cells for further analyses. Materials and Methods: Fifty resected tumor samples from 35 patients were obtained with different surgical techniques and at various time points for viability and RNA quality evaluation. The degradation of RNA was evaluated by its Qubit IQ score, OD 260/280 ratio, total yield, and quantity of β-actin. Results: Snap-frozen tissue samples obtained within 30 min showed better cell viability (P < 0.0001), RNA total yield (P = 0.0081), Qubit ratio (P = 0.003), OD 260/280 ratio (P = 0.4213), and quantity of β-actin (P = 0.0015). Moreover, the bladder tumor samples collected from transurethral biopsy presented more satisfied cell viability results than the ones resected by transurethral electroresection (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Tumor samples should be processed or frozen freshly within 30 min once removed from human body. Furthermore, transurethral biopsy of bladder tumor is considered a better method for collecting samples for further molecular oncology studies. The high-quality RNA produced enable researchers to conduct more reliable studies by avoiding the experimental artifacts due to the presence of cellular debris or dead cells.
{"title":"Achieving the best RNA quality in urologic tumor samples intended for transcriptome analysis","authors":"Tzu-Chun Lai, T. Cha, Yi-Ta Tsai, Shu-yu Liu, Sheng‐Tang Wu, E. Meng, C. Tsao, C. Kao, Chin‐Li Chen, Guang‐Huan Sun, Dah-Shyong Yu, Ming‐Hsin Yang","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_61_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_61_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To conduct research on the molecular oncology, physiology, and immunology of urologic tumors requires dissociated viable samples. Improper collection compromises the quality of data attained in molecular and functional assays due to the increased quantities of degraded proteins and RNA. We sought to improve the methods for tissue collection which can avoid generating considerable loss in the viability of cells for further analyses. Materials and Methods: Fifty resected tumor samples from 35 patients were obtained with different surgical techniques and at various time points for viability and RNA quality evaluation. The degradation of RNA was evaluated by its Qubit IQ score, OD 260/280 ratio, total yield, and quantity of β-actin. Results: Snap-frozen tissue samples obtained within 30 min showed better cell viability (P < 0.0001), RNA total yield (P = 0.0081), Qubit ratio (P = 0.003), OD 260/280 ratio (P = 0.4213), and quantity of β-actin (P = 0.0015). Moreover, the bladder tumor samples collected from transurethral biopsy presented more satisfied cell viability results than the ones resected by transurethral electroresection (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Tumor samples should be processed or frozen freshly within 30 min once removed from human body. Furthermore, transurethral biopsy of bladder tumor is considered a better method for collecting samples for further molecular oncology studies. The high-quality RNA produced enable researchers to conduct more reliable studies by avoiding the experimental artifacts due to the presence of cellular debris or dead cells.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"186 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46889803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_164_20
F. Atac, Unal Oztekin, M. Caniklioğlu, Sercan Sarı, A. Tokpınar, G. Sonmez
Purpose: The relationship between sleep quality and testosterone levels has been known. However, there are no data whether sleep quality and varicocelectomy have a relationship. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of varicocelectomy on sleep quality and testosterone levels. Materials and Methods: A total of 39 patients with painful left grade 3 varicocele were included in the study. Visual analog scale, serum testosterone levels, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) including subparameters of sleep were questioned and recorded preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: There was a significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative parameters of both PSQI and subparameters of sleep (P < 0.05). After the operation, 36 (92.3%) patients had remarkable pain relief. Testosterone levels of 32 (82%) patients increased. Conclusion: We concluded that a remarkable improvement in sleep quality was provided after varicocelectomy. Furthermore, evaluation of varicocele may be useful in male patients with unexplained sleep disorders.
{"title":"Effects of varicocelectomy on sleep quality: Varicocele may affect sleep quality","authors":"F. Atac, Unal Oztekin, M. Caniklioğlu, Sercan Sarı, A. Tokpınar, G. Sonmez","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_164_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_164_20","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The relationship between sleep quality and testosterone levels has been known. However, there are no data whether sleep quality and varicocelectomy have a relationship. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of varicocelectomy on sleep quality and testosterone levels. Materials and Methods: A total of 39 patients with painful left grade 3 varicocele were included in the study. Visual analog scale, serum testosterone levels, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) including subparameters of sleep were questioned and recorded preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: There was a significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative parameters of both PSQI and subparameters of sleep (P < 0.05). After the operation, 36 (92.3%) patients had remarkable pain relief. Testosterone levels of 32 (82%) patients increased. Conclusion: We concluded that a remarkable improvement in sleep quality was provided after varicocelectomy. Furthermore, evaluation of varicocele may be useful in male patients with unexplained sleep disorders.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"182 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49145175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cheng-Han Tsai, I. Huang, Wei-Jen Chen, W. Cheng, Cheng-Yen Chiang, Wei-Tang Kao, E. Huang, William J. Huang
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe and validate a method for calculating ureteral length using computed tomography (CT) images acquired before ureteral stent placement and to evaluate the appropriateness of fit based on this calculation. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 57 patients who underwent computed tomography urography (CTU). The axial ureteral length (AUL) and coronal ureteral length (CUL) were derived from measurements made on the CTU images, and the length of each patient-specific ureteral stent was chosen based on the calculated ureteral length. Results: Overall, 105 ureters were measured: 54 (51.4%) right side and 51 (48.6%) left side ureters. The mean CUL and AUL of right ureters were 22.5 ± 2.3 cm and 22.5 ± 2.3 cm, respectively, whereas the mean CUL and AUL of left ureters were 23.6 ± 2.2 cm and 23.4 ± 2.1 cm, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that body height was significantly correlated with ureteric length (right CUL and patient height: r =0.441, P = 0.001; right AUL and patient height: R = 0.445, P = 0.001; left CUL: R = 0.341, P = 0.029; left AUL: R = 0.339, P = 0.015). Thirteen of 57 patients underwent ureteral stent insertion; none experienced stent migration (upward or downward) before the removal of the ureteral stent. Comparison of proposed stent size with actual stent size in the 13 patients shows the percentage of size appropriateness (as defined by concordance between proposed and actual stent length) to be 76.9% (10/13). Conclusion: The patient's height was found to correlate significantly with CT-derived measurements of ureteral length. Accordingly, the choice of ureteral stent length can be reliably decided from CT measurements.
目的:本研究的目的是描述和验证一种利用输尿管支架置入前获得的计算机断层扫描(CT)图像计算输尿管长度的方法，并在此基础上评估输尿管支架置入的适宜性。材料和方法:我们分析了57例行计算机断层尿路造影(CTU)的患者。根据CTU图像测量得出输尿管轴向长度(AUL)和冠状输尿管长度(CUL)，并根据计算出的输尿管长度选择每个患者特异性输尿管支架的长度。结果:共检测到105条输尿管:右侧输尿管54条(51.4%)，左侧输尿管51条(48.6%)。右侧输尿管CUL和AUL分别为22.5±2.3 cm和22.5±2.3 cm，左侧输尿管CUL和AUL分别为23.6±2.2 cm和23.4±2.1 cm。Pearson相关分析显示，身高与输尿管长度(右CUL)、身高显著相关:r =0.441, P = 0.001;右侧AUL与患者身高:R = 0.445, P = 0.001;左CUL: R = 0.341, P = 0.029;左侧AUL: R = 0.339, P = 0.015)。57例患者中有13例接受输尿管支架置入;在取下输尿管支架之前，没有患者经历过支架的向上或向下移动。将13例患者的建议支架尺寸与实际支架尺寸进行比较，尺寸合适的百分比(以建议支架长度与实际支架长度的一致性来定义)为76.9%(10/13)。结论:患者的身高与ct测量的输尿管长度有显著的相关性。因此，输尿管支架长度的选择可以可靠地由CT测量决定。
{"title":"Measuring individual ureteral length using computed tomography urography to determine the appropriate lengths of ureteral stents","authors":"Cheng-Han Tsai, I. Huang, Wei-Jen Chen, W. Cheng, Cheng-Yen Chiang, Wei-Tang Kao, E. Huang, William J. Huang","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_68_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_68_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe and validate a method for calculating ureteral length using computed tomography (CT) images acquired before ureteral stent placement and to evaluate the appropriateness of fit based on this calculation. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 57 patients who underwent computed tomography urography (CTU). The axial ureteral length (AUL) and coronal ureteral length (CUL) were derived from measurements made on the CTU images, and the length of each patient-specific ureteral stent was chosen based on the calculated ureteral length. Results: Overall, 105 ureters were measured: 54 (51.4%) right side and 51 (48.6%) left side ureters. The mean CUL and AUL of right ureters were 22.5 ± 2.3 cm and 22.5 ± 2.3 cm, respectively, whereas the mean CUL and AUL of left ureters were 23.6 ± 2.2 cm and 23.4 ± 2.1 cm, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that body height was significantly correlated with ureteric length (right CUL and patient height: r =0.441, P = 0.001; right AUL and patient height: R = 0.445, P = 0.001; left CUL: R = 0.341, P = 0.029; left AUL: R = 0.339, P = 0.015). Thirteen of 57 patients underwent ureteral stent insertion; none experienced stent migration (upward or downward) before the removal of the ureteral stent. Comparison of proposed stent size with actual stent size in the 13 patients shows the percentage of size appropriateness (as defined by concordance between proposed and actual stent length) to be 76.9% (10/13). Conclusion: The patient's height was found to correlate significantly with CT-derived measurements of ureteral length. Accordingly, the choice of ureteral stent length can be reliably decided from CT measurements.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"177 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42870427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is associated with male infertility and abnormal semen parameters. However, the effect of SDF on each parameter may differ. In this study, we evaluated the correlation between different semen parameters and SDF to identify the most suitable predictor for abnormal SDF. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review from a prospective database. Enrollees who underwent conventional semen analysis and an SDF test for medical purposes or elective examinations were enrolled. SDF ≥20% was regarded as abnormal. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlations. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to determine the predictive value. Youden index was used to determine the optimal cutoff value of conventional semen parameters to predict abnormal SDF. Results: In total, 90 men were enrolled, of whom 44 (48.89%) visited for infertility and 51 (56.67%) had abnormal semen analysis. Immotile sperm (IM) and nonprogressive sperm (NPS, NPS = nonprogressive motility + IM) were significantly correlated with SDF (r = 0.50, P < 0.001 for NPS; r = 0.49, P < 0.001 for IM) and were the most predictive for abnormal SDF (AUC = 0.77 for NPS; AUC = 0.78 for IM). By using Youden index, the cutoff values for the prediction of abnormal SDF were 66.37% for NPS and 48.73% for IM. Conclusion: Sperm motility is the most predictive and relevant parameter for the prediction of abnormal SDF. Suboptimal sperm motility should be considered an indication for SDF testing.
{"title":"Sperm motility is the best semen parameter to predict sperm DNA fragmentation","authors":"Wei-lun Huang, Yi-Kai Chang, Sheng-Yung Tung, Bo-Hua Peng, Hong-Chiang Chang","doi":"10.4103/uros.uros_175_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/uros.uros_175_20","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is associated with male infertility and abnormal semen parameters. However, the effect of SDF on each parameter may differ. In this study, we evaluated the correlation between different semen parameters and SDF to identify the most suitable predictor for abnormal SDF. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review from a prospective database. Enrollees who underwent conventional semen analysis and an SDF test for medical purposes or elective examinations were enrolled. SDF ≥20% was regarded as abnormal. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlations. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to determine the predictive value. Youden index was used to determine the optimal cutoff value of conventional semen parameters to predict abnormal SDF. Results: In total, 90 men were enrolled, of whom 44 (48.89%) visited for infertility and 51 (56.67%) had abnormal semen analysis. Immotile sperm (IM) and nonprogressive sperm (NPS, NPS = nonprogressive motility + IM) were significantly correlated with SDF (r = 0.50, P < 0.001 for NPS; r = 0.49, P < 0.001 for IM) and were the most predictive for abnormal SDF (AUC = 0.77 for NPS; AUC = 0.78 for IM). By using Youden index, the cutoff values for the prediction of abnormal SDF were 66.37% for NPS and 48.73% for IM. Conclusion: Sperm motility is the most predictive and relevant parameter for the prediction of abnormal SDF. Suboptimal sperm motility should be considered an indication for SDF testing.","PeriodicalId":23449,"journal":{"name":"Urological Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"157 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49392035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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