Veterinarno-meditsinski nauki最新文献

Immunodiffusion was used to investigate a total of 492 serum samples of buffaloes--buffalo calves up to the age of 6 months and buffalo heifers--on both private and public farms. Positive serological reagents for rotaviruses were established in 73.4 per cent of the cases. The study of the same samples via the blocking ELISA test revealed the presence of 86.2 per cent positive cases. It was demonstrated that this type of the ELISA technique was a more precise method for the demonstration of group specific rotavirus antibodies in buffaloes. The results obtained spoke of the widely occurring rotavirus infections among the buffalo populations in this country. Particularly intense was the circulation of rotaviruses in buffalo calves aged up to six months. The study of 46 fecal samples from buffalo calves with diarrhea by means of the immunodiffusion and ELISA tests revealed that in as many as seven of them there were rotaviruses. This unquestionably demonstrated the participation of these agents in the etiology of enteritis in buffaloes.

The intraperitoneal, the muscular, and the nasal infection with a virus, containing material (blood of a cow, affected by leukosis, with 48100 leucocytes in a cubic mm and 92% of lymphocytosis) and cell suspension FLK, producing leukosis virus, provokes leukosis infection. It was established that the peroral and the intraconjunctival application of virus material does not provoke leukosis till the 6th month (term of observation). With saliva and semen, obtained from positive serologic reagents with persistent lymphocytosis also does not provoke infection. By the immunofluorescent test, in the infected sheep were observed antibodies against the summary glycoprotein antigen, which appear after 1-2 months with continuous seroconversion till 18th month and precipitation titer 1:2 till 1:64. Among 30% of the sheep, after the 5th and 8th month, was established leucocytosis, up to 18800 leucocytes, and persistent lymphocytosis--91-93%.

Studied was the virus reproduction in cell cultures of MA-104 of the referent rotavirus strain Lincoln, and of the isolated from calves rotavirus Trebich 248/82 and Dolno-sakhrane 39/82. Observed were the following main morphologic structures: electron-dense oval fractions, fractions of with single and double membrane, fractions with supercapsular membrane and electronic-densely granulated zones--viroplasms. There were not established considerable differences between the referent and the isolated from calves rotavirus strains in our country.

Peritoneal exudate of a cat affected with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) was used to isolate an IgG-globulin, employing affinity chromatography, and conjugate it with fluorescein isothiocyanate. The conjugate was tested on cross sections of the small intestine of a pig infected with strain Miller-3 of the transmissive gastroenteritis (TGE) virus, simultaneously with an anti-TGE conjugate of an SPF pig. Identical results were obtained with both conjugates, however, the anti-FIP conjugate had a several-times higher titer. Discussed are the possibilities and advantages of using the anti-FIP conjugate in the immunofluorescence demonstration of the TGE virus antigen.

Studied was the effect of tuberculin and levamizole on the immune response following vaccination of calves against parainfluenza and Salmonella infections. It was found that in calves that had colostrum antibodies against parainfluenza the immunogenic stimulation with the two agents first led to a drop of the total protein and of the antibody titer of the blood serum; in later periods the antibody titer grew severalfold. The stimulation with tuberculin and levamizole in the case of Salmonella infection substantiated more abrupt humoral immune response as against the case of animals that were not stimulated. More effective was the stimulation when lemvamizole was applied on the 7th day following vaccination. It was established that both tuberculin and levamizole stimulated the phagocytic activity of the blood of calves vaccinated against a parainfluenza virus and did not influence essentially the same activity in calves vaccinated against Salmonella infection. The amount of erythrocyte-rosette forming cells (E-POK) also remained visibly unchanged by the effect of tuberculin and levamizole with the use of the two vaccines.

Studied were the changes, taking place in the thrombocytes, the cephalin-kaolin time, the fibrinogen, the prothrombin time, the presence and the quantity of the soluble fibrin monomer complexes. Used were 70 3-week-old turkey poults, divided into two groups--experimental and control. It was established that up to the 24th hour after the invasion no serious changes were observed. Changes take place on the 48th, 72nd, 96th and 120th hour, after the invasion, characterizing the disseminated intravascular coagulation. Most typical are the changes on the 96th and 120th hour after the invasion, which express in decreasing the number of thrombocytes and the quantity of fibrinogen and in increasing the content of the soluble fibrin monomer complexes.

An experiment in comparative developmental aspect was carried out with 5 horses and 5 cattle having a total of 60 skin and muscular wounds. Light microscopic studies on hematoxylin-eosin stained preparations revealed that the dystrophic changes in the underlying tissues were more strongly manifested in horses. This had to be taken into consideration in the surgical treatment of wounds with this animal species. The basic differences comprised the better manifested leukocytic reaction in horses and the more strongly expressed processes of growth and differentiation on the part of the connective tissue after the tenth day of wounding in cattle. The definitive formation of granular tissue in horses took place in shorter terms than in cattle. In the fully developed new tissue in horses three different layers were found: leukocytic, vascular-fibroblastic, and a maturing one, while in cattle the layers found were four: fibrous tissue, heterophilic-leukocytic, vascular-fibroblastic, and a maturing one.

Studied was the bacteriostatic activity of a total of 17 new esters and replaced 2-styryl derivatives of chlorquinaldol. Determined were also the lowest concentrations that suppressed the growth of organisms. Some of the compounds showed higher activity and broader spectrum of antibacterial qualities, mainly against Escherichia coli, Salmonella gallinarum, and Salmonella cholerae suis as compared to the initial therapeutic preparation chlorquinaldol. It was found that the presence of chlorine atoms either in the second or in the second and fourth place in the benzene nucleus of the esters studied, the presence of a NO2-group in the third place of the same nucleus, and the presence of an extranuclear hydroxyacetyl remainder in the ester grouping could lead to a rise of the antibacterial activity. The presence of an F atom in the second and third place of the benzene nucleus of the sterile grouping also raised the activity of these compounds.

The results are given of transplantation work with cattle embryos from Czechoslovakia. The embryos were taken in the stage of morula or blastocyst, frozen and stored for one to ten months. Following thawing they were transplanted via surgical methods to local, estrus-synchronized recipient heifers at the Ruzhevo Konare village, Plovdiv district. A calf was born to each of six of the recipients, while two heifers that were inseminated seven days prior to transplantation yielded twins. It was considered to be the result of both the embryo-transplantation and the fertilization of own ova. Discussed are the opportunities and advantages of long-term storage and shipping of animals in the form of frozen embryos.

A model was developed of the experimental injury of kidney parenchyma with the use of potassium bichromate with six calves. Studied was the activity of ChE, LAP, ALD, APh, GOT, GPT, OKT, and guanase as well as the level of blood sugar, calcium, and inorganic phosphorus. It was found that ALD, ChE, and LAP formed a good enzyme constellation to follow up the functional status of the kidney parenchyma. The results obtained needed further clinical processing.