Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-13
Y. Lysenko, A. Shantyz, E. Yeganyan, N. Machneva, R. V. Chus, V.A. Belyak, M. Kerzhner
The article presents the results of studies on the effect of a multi-enzyme feed additive "AGROFIT PRO" on the safety, live weight gain, feed conversion and morpho-biochemical blood parameters of piglets of the rearing group. The investigated additive contains at its core the enzyme phytase and a complex of NPS enzymes, a strain-producer of Penicillium verruculosum, as well as fillers: corn starch; sodium chloride. It is used to improve the digestibility of feed, increase the safety of growth and productivity of farm animals. To set up the experiment, four groups (three experimental and one control) of piglets, 56 heads each, were formed, which were kept in a specialized farm room for the rearing group. During the experiment, all piglets were in identical conditions of keeping and feeding. The research results showed that the safety of piglets in the first and second experimental groups was at the level of 100%, and in the control and third experimental groups it was 96.4%. The increase in the experimental group was 3.8%, 1.2% and 0.3% compared to the control group, and in the experimental groups there was a decrease in feed conversion by 2.1% and 3.4%. Based on the obtained data of the general analysis of the whole blood of piglets, it can be concluded that there are no allergic reactions, pathological and inflammatory processes in the body when giving the experimental animals the studied feed additive. When conducting biochemical studies of blood serum, all the studied parameters were within the intraspecies norms; according to the results of the study, there was no negative effect of the feed additive on the organ systems of the experimental animals under test. A statistically significant difference was recorded between the control and the third experimental group in terms of creatinine, which was higher by 12.9%, and triglycerides by 34.9%.
{"title":"The effectiveness of the use of feed additives \"AGROFIT PRO\" in the diets of piglets","authors":"Y. Lysenko, A. Shantyz, E. Yeganyan, N. Machneva, R. V. Chus, V.A. Belyak, M. Kerzhner","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-13","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies on the effect of a multi-enzyme feed additive \"AGROFIT PRO\" on the safety, live weight gain, feed conversion and morpho-biochemical blood parameters of piglets of the rearing group. The investigated additive contains at its core the enzyme phytase and a complex of NPS enzymes, a strain-producer of Penicillium verruculosum, as well as fillers: corn starch; sodium chloride. It is used to improve the digestibility of feed, increase the safety of growth and productivity of farm animals. To set up the experiment, four groups (three experimental and one control) of piglets, 56 heads each, were formed, which were kept in a specialized farm room for the rearing group. During the experiment, all piglets were in identical conditions of keeping and feeding. The research results showed that the safety of piglets in the first and second experimental groups was at the level of 100%, and in the control and third experimental groups it was 96.4%. The increase in the experimental group was 3.8%, 1.2% and 0.3% compared to the control group, and in the experimental groups there was a decrease in feed conversion by 2.1% and 3.4%. Based on the obtained data of the general analysis of the whole blood of piglets, it can be concluded that there are no allergic reactions, pathological and inflammatory processes in the body when giving the experimental animals the studied feed additive. When conducting biochemical studies of blood serum, all the studied parameters were within the intraspecies norms; according to the results of the study, there was no negative effect of the feed additive on the organ systems of the experimental animals under test. A statistically significant difference was recorded between the control and the third experimental group in terms of creatinine, which was higher by 12.9%, and triglycerides by 34.9%.","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83802039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-8
L. Kokolova, E. Sleptsov, L. Gavrilieva
In this article, the authors present the results of a helminthological study of the Vulpes lagopus in the Arctic territory of Yakutia. On the territory of Yakutia, three species of representatives of the Canidae family live in a wild state - the wolf, the red fox and the Arctic fox. Representatives of the Canidae family are among the most important commercial animals whose fur is highly valued. Over the last decade, the number of fur-bearing animals in the tundra zone of Yakutia has increased significantly. As the authors point out, monitoring of the epizootic situation for especially dangerous Helminthiasis is an integral part of a set of measures to preserve the health of animals and the population in the Arctic zone. The objects of the study are Arctic foxes. Materials for the study were brought from December to March in 2020 from 26, 2021 - 36, 2022 - 162, 2023 - 121 Arctic foxes, carcasses, internal organs and tissues. According to the results of helminthological studies, the composition of helminths was represented by 16 species. The main components of the helminth fauna, in terms of frequency of occurrence and very high rates of invasion intensity, are: the cestode Alveococcus multilocularis, found in 98.1% of the studied Arctic foxes, up to 18,000 ind. of mature Alveococcus in one animal, the nematode Toxascaris leonine occurs in 92.1%, on average up to 34.8±1.6 ind. for one Arctic fox. Also, it was found that the infection of arctic foxes with larvae of Trichinella spiralis is 3%, high intensity of invasion, the cestode Diphyllobothrium latum were infected with up to 5.5% of the examined, on average, 3.5 sp. for one Arctic fox.
{"title":"Epizootological situation on particular helminthosis of the carnivores (Canidae) - Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) in the territory of Arctic Yakutia","authors":"L. Kokolova, E. Sleptsov, L. Gavrilieva","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-8","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the authors present the results of a helminthological study of the Vulpes lagopus in the Arctic territory of Yakutia. On the territory of Yakutia, three species of representatives of the Canidae family live in a wild state - the wolf, the red fox and the Arctic fox. Representatives of the Canidae family are among the most important commercial animals whose fur is highly valued. Over the last decade, the number of fur-bearing animals in the tundra zone of Yakutia has increased significantly. As the authors point out, monitoring of the epizootic situation for especially dangerous Helminthiasis is an integral part of a set of measures to preserve the health of animals and the population in the Arctic zone. The objects of the study are Arctic foxes. Materials for the study were brought from December to March in 2020 from 26, 2021 - 36, 2022 - 162, 2023 - 121 Arctic foxes, carcasses, internal organs and tissues. According to the results of helminthological studies, the composition of helminths was represented by 16 species. The main components of the helminth fauna, in terms of frequency of occurrence and very high rates of invasion intensity, are: the cestode Alveococcus multilocularis, found in 98.1% of the studied Arctic foxes, up to 18,000 ind. of mature Alveococcus in one animal, the nematode Toxascaris leonine occurs in 92.1%, on average up to 34.8±1.6 ind. for one Arctic fox. Also, it was found that the infection of arctic foxes with larvae of Trichinella spiralis is 3%, high intensity of invasion, the cestode Diphyllobothrium latum were infected with up to 5.5% of the examined, on average, 3.5 sp. for one Arctic fox.","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86546462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article describes the results of research on the development and study of the effect of feed additives on the productivity of cattle, specifically dairy calves. Currently, the issue of increasing the dairy productivity of cows is acute in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors have developed a feed additive based on baking yeast and humic substances to increase the dairy productivity of livestock. The composition of the feed additive includes domestic potassium humate produced by NPO Kaztechnougol LLP, obtained from brown coal from the Ekibastuz deposit with content of humic substances up to 56% by dry matter. The components of the nutrient substrate, the yeast brand, the concentration of potassium humate optimizing the accumulation of yeast biomass during cultivation, fermentation parameters, and the cultivation period were selected for the manufacture of the lump additive. For the first time, the effectiveness of the feed additive was tested when used on calves of the dairy period, and its effect on metabolic processes and increasing weight gain was studied. Laboratory tests of the effectiveness of the feed additive on white mongrel mice showed that the live weight of mice in the experimental groups has an average of 27.2 ± 0.4, which is significantly higher than in the control group by 2.8 g. In the production experiment for three months in Kamyshenka LLP on calves of the Holstein-Frisian breed at the age of 2 months, the effectiveness was determined as feed additives for calves. The average daily increase in the experimental group was on average at the level of 895, 856, and 780 g, which is higher than the increase in the control group by 75 g, 126 g, and 130 g, respectively. The live weight of calves of the experimental group increased by 6 kg from the first month of use, by the end of the experiment the difference was 13.1 kg or 7.9%. The revealed trend of increasing weight gain indicates the normalization of metabolism during the drinking of the feed additive "Konyr-su" and in the subsequent period.
{"title":"Feed additive \"Konyr-su\" to increase the productivity of dairy calves","authors":"Yelena Kukhar, К.H. Shaikenova, M.G. Slamiya, N.A. Fogelzan","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-10","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the results of research on the development and study of the effect of feed additives on the productivity of cattle, specifically dairy calves. Currently, the issue of increasing the dairy productivity of cows is acute in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors have developed a feed additive based on baking yeast and humic substances to increase the dairy productivity of livestock. The composition of the feed additive includes domestic potassium humate produced by NPO Kaztechnougol LLP, obtained from brown coal from the Ekibastuz deposit with content of humic substances up to 56% by dry matter. The components of the nutrient substrate, the yeast brand, the concentration of potassium humate optimizing the accumulation of yeast biomass during cultivation, fermentation parameters, and the cultivation period were selected for the manufacture of the lump additive. For the first time, the effectiveness of the feed additive was tested when used on calves of the dairy period, and its effect on metabolic processes and increasing weight gain was studied. Laboratory tests of the effectiveness of the feed additive on white mongrel mice showed that the live weight of mice in the experimental groups has an average of 27.2 ± 0.4, which is significantly higher than in the control group by 2.8 g. In the production experiment for three months in Kamyshenka LLP on calves of the Holstein-Frisian breed at the age of 2 months, the effectiveness was determined as feed additives for calves. The average daily increase in the experimental group was on average at the level of 895, 856, and 780 g, which is higher than the increase in the control group by 75 g, 126 g, and 130 g, respectively. The live weight of calves of the experimental group increased by 6 kg from the first month of use, by the end of the experiment the difference was 13.1 kg or 7.9%. The revealed trend of increasing weight gain indicates the normalization of metabolism during the drinking of the feed additive \"Konyr-su\" and in the subsequent period.","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77405128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-19
M. Chabaev, R. Nekrasov, M. I. Klementyev, N. Bogolyubova
During the scientific-economic experiment young cattle of the dairy and post-dairy period of growing of the 1st control group (C-) were fed with the basic diet (BD), whereas calves of the 2nd experimental group (C+) with BD feeding additional premix containing sodium selenite (0,30 mg Se per 1 kg of dry matter (DM) of a diet). Animals of the 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups (E100, E75, E50) were fed additional 0.30, 0.22 and 0.15 mg Se per 1 kg DM of diet in the form of proteinate. On average over the period of the experiment the total average daily gain (ADG) of body weight of calves in experimental groups was 719; 736; 781; 710 g or 6.8; 9.4; 16; 5.5% more compared to control. Calves from groups E100 and E75 fed 0.30 and 0.22 mg Se used 8.60, 13.75% and 8.56, 13.79% less energy fodder units (EFU) and digestible protein (DP) per 1 kg body weight gain compared to the control group (C-). The animals in the 3rd and 4th experimental groups fed 0.30 and 0.22 mg Se per 1 kg of diet had better digestible dry matter - by 3.18 and 3.92% (p<0.1), organic matter by 1.81% (p<0.1), and 3.64% (p<0.05), protein by 3.93 and 4.01% (p<0.1), fat by 1.02 and 1.80%, fibre by 1.01 and 2.79% (p<0.01), BEV by 1.91 (p<0.1) and 2.05% compared to control. Feeding calves of experimental groups 3, 4 and 5 with various levels of selenium proteinate promoted the increase of selenium concentration in hair (p<0,05) and blood serum (p>0,05) with decrease of Se removal with faeces (p<0,01, E75 vs C-) . In the experimental groups of calves calculation of conditional realization of the additionally gained live weight gain showed a higher level of gain compared to the control by 1481; 2008; 3468,5 and 1200 RUB per head respectively for the period of the experiment.
{"title":"The relationship of selenium with the productivity of young cattle","authors":"M. Chabaev, R. Nekrasov, M. I. Klementyev, N. Bogolyubova","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-19","url":null,"abstract":"During the scientific-economic experiment young cattle of the dairy and post-dairy period of growing of the 1st control group (C-) were fed with the basic diet (BD), whereas calves of the 2nd experimental group (C+) with BD feeding additional premix containing sodium selenite (0,30 mg Se per 1 kg of dry matter (DM) of a diet). Animals of the 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups (E100, E75, E50) were fed additional 0.30, 0.22 and 0.15 mg Se per 1 kg DM of diet in the form of proteinate. On average over the period of the experiment the total average daily gain (ADG) of body weight of calves in experimental groups was 719; 736; 781; 710 g or 6.8; 9.4; 16; 5.5% more compared to control. Calves from groups E100 and E75 fed 0.30 and 0.22 mg Se used 8.60, 13.75% and 8.56, 13.79% less energy fodder units (EFU) and digestible protein (DP) per 1 kg body weight gain compared to the control group (C-). The animals in the 3rd and 4th experimental groups fed 0.30 and 0.22 mg Se per 1 kg of diet had better digestible dry matter - by 3.18 and 3.92% (p<0.1), organic matter by 1.81% (p<0.1), and 3.64% (p<0.05), protein by 3.93 and 4.01% (p<0.1), fat by 1.02 and 1.80%, fibre by 1.01 and 2.79% (p<0.01), BEV by 1.91 (p<0.1) and 2.05% compared to control. Feeding calves of experimental groups 3, 4 and 5 with various levels of selenium proteinate promoted the increase of selenium concentration in hair (p<0,05) and blood serum (p>0,05) with decrease of Se removal with faeces (p<0,01, E75 vs C-) . In the experimental groups of calves calculation of conditional realization of the additionally gained live weight gain showed a higher level of gain compared to the control by 1481; 2008; 3468,5 and 1200 RUB per head respectively for the period of the experiment.","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81374017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-7
I.A. Kitaev, D. Tyulin, A. V. Brigida, I.E. Lippo
The formation of reservoirs significantly changes all aspects of the life of various fish species, and especially the conditions for their reproduction. Creation of a new reservoir is accompanied by a change in the level and temperature regimes, which in turn leads to shifts in the ecosystem as a whole. The accumulation of significant water masses and their subsequent discharge causes a shift in the seasonal rhythm of the water runoff. With a sharp discharge of water, the spawning area is reduced, up to its complete loss, drying and death of the laid eggs. A favorable level regime, with a high parameters of spring water rise and prolonged standing of water at maximum levels, is rarely observed. For decades, the succession of the Volgograd reservoir has been observed, and at the moment it is not known what the climax point of this process will look like. All this makes it relevant to monitor the reproduction of the ichthyofauna of the reservoir as a whole and for individual water areas. This article presents the results of studies of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the ichthyofauna of the middle zone of the Volgograd reservoir in the waters near Akhmat and Zolotoye villages, Krasnoarmeisk district, Saratov region. The species composition of fish reproducing in the indicated water areas for a six-year period (from 2017 to 2022) and their number in the catches of fry net by years are shown. Dominant, subdominant and specific for each water area species were identified. The fluctuation of species diversity (Shannon index) and the dependence of the state of this indicator on the abundance of individual fish species were studied. The dynamics of the ratio of underyearlings of commercial and non-commercial fish species in catches is considered. Ichthyofauna, reproduced in the waters near the villages Akhmat and Zolotoye in the middle zone of Volgograd reservoir in the period from 2017 to 2022 represented by 21 species of various fish, of which 17 species breed in the water area near Akhmat village and 18 species breed in the water area near Zolotoye village.
{"title":"Characteristics of the ichthiofauna reproducing in the middle zone of the Volgograd reservoir in the water areas from 2017 to 2022","authors":"I.A. Kitaev, D. Tyulin, A. V. Brigida, I.E. Lippo","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-7","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of reservoirs significantly changes all aspects of the life of various fish species, and especially the conditions for their reproduction. Creation of a new reservoir is accompanied by a change in the level and temperature regimes, which in turn leads to shifts in the ecosystem as a whole. The accumulation of significant water masses and their subsequent discharge causes a shift in the seasonal rhythm of the water runoff. With a sharp discharge of water, the spawning area is reduced, up to its complete loss, drying and death of the laid eggs. A favorable level regime, with a high parameters of spring water rise and prolonged standing of water at maximum levels, is rarely observed. For decades, the succession of the Volgograd reservoir has been observed, and at the moment it is not known what the climax point of this process will look like. All this makes it relevant to monitor the reproduction of the ichthyofauna of the reservoir as a whole and for individual water areas. This article presents the results of studies of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the ichthyofauna of the middle zone of the Volgograd reservoir in the waters near Akhmat and Zolotoye villages, Krasnoarmeisk district, Saratov region. The species composition of fish reproducing in the indicated water areas for a six-year period (from 2017 to 2022) and their number in the catches of fry net by years are shown. Dominant, subdominant and specific for each water area species were identified. The fluctuation of species diversity (Shannon index) and the dependence of the state of this indicator on the abundance of individual fish species were studied. The dynamics of the ratio of underyearlings of commercial and non-commercial fish species in catches is considered. Ichthyofauna, reproduced in the waters near the villages Akhmat and Zolotoye in the middle zone of Volgograd reservoir in the period from 2017 to 2022 represented by 21 species of various fish, of which 17 species breed in the water area near Akhmat village and 18 species breed in the water area near Zolotoye village.","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78542244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-18
E. Sleptsov, N. Vinokurov, .. T. Rumyantseva
The system of anti-brucellosis measures requires constant improvement in order to increase its effectiveness and reliability. At the same time, the priority remains the creation of high specific protection for brucellosis in animals. Live vaccines from agglutinogenic strains of B.abortus 19, 104M and 82 turned out to be the most immunogenic and effective in antiepizootic relation. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that the most pronounced general and local reactions were noted in calves vaccinated subcutaneously with a standard dose of vaccine from strain 19, less pronounced in vaccinated with vaccine from strain 104M and weakly in vaccinated with vaccine from strain 82. According to the results of serological studies of blood serum, it can be seen that all animals (100%) reacted in calves for 10-20 days after immunization with vaccines from strains 19 and 104M, and only 40% of calves vaccinated with vaccine from strain 82 reacted. At the same time, calves vaccinated with the strain 19 vaccine reacted in RA in the titers 400-1600 ME. Vaccine from strain 104M - in titers 400-800 ME, vaccine from strain 82 - in titers 25-50 ME. According to the results of serological studies, the state of tolerance was not noted in calves received from re-immunized cows after immunization with agglutinogenic anti-brucellosis vaccines. Further study of the dynamics of antibodies after the introduction of vaccines from strains 19, 104М and 82 by subcutaneous method in a full dose to calves of 3-5 months of age received from re-vaccinated cows showed that the timing of the maximum rise and extinction of the titers of agglutinating and complement-binding antibodies in the blood serum of vaccinated animals is also directly dependent on the properties of the vaccine used. Thus, as a result of serological studies, it was found that the repeated reimunization of pregnant cows with vaccines from strains B.abortus 19, 104M and 82 have no significant effect on the immunological reactivity of the offspring obtained from them, which is confirmed by the absence of a state of tolerance in calves after immunization with agglutinogenic anti-brucellosis vaccines.
{"title":"Immunological reactivity in calves obtained from revaccinated cows during immunization with vaccines from B.abortus strains 19, 104M and 82","authors":"E. Sleptsov, N. Vinokurov, .. T. Rumyantseva","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-18","url":null,"abstract":"The system of anti-brucellosis measures requires constant improvement in order to increase its effectiveness and reliability. At the same time, the priority remains the creation of high specific protection for brucellosis in animals. Live vaccines from agglutinogenic strains of B.abortus 19, 104M and 82 turned out to be the most immunogenic and effective in antiepizootic relation. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that the most pronounced general and local reactions were noted in calves vaccinated subcutaneously with a standard dose of vaccine from strain 19, less pronounced in vaccinated with vaccine from strain 104M and weakly in vaccinated with vaccine from strain 82. According to the results of serological studies of blood serum, it can be seen that all animals (100%) reacted in calves for 10-20 days after immunization with vaccines from strains 19 and 104M, and only 40% of calves vaccinated with vaccine from strain 82 reacted. At the same time, calves vaccinated with the strain 19 vaccine reacted in RA in the titers 400-1600 ME. Vaccine from strain 104M - in titers 400-800 ME, vaccine from strain 82 - in titers 25-50 ME. According to the results of serological studies, the state of tolerance was not noted in calves received from re-immunized cows after immunization with agglutinogenic anti-brucellosis vaccines. Further study of the dynamics of antibodies after the introduction of vaccines from strains 19, 104М and 82 by subcutaneous method in a full dose to calves of 3-5 months of age received from re-vaccinated cows showed that the timing of the maximum rise and extinction of the titers of agglutinating and complement-binding antibodies in the blood serum of vaccinated animals is also directly dependent on the properties of the vaccine used. Thus, as a result of serological studies, it was found that the repeated reimunization of pregnant cows with vaccines from strains B.abortus 19, 104M and 82 have no significant effect on the immunological reactivity of the offspring obtained from them, which is confirmed by the absence of a state of tolerance in calves after immunization with agglutinogenic anti-brucellosis vaccines.","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80371382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-5
N. German, A. Vetokh, A. Dzhagaev, E.R. Ilyina, T. Kotova
The paper shows the results of assessing eggs quality by morphometric and morphological indicators from meat-type quails, identifying significant differences in the quality indicators of the egg, which are responsible for the incubation and commercial qualities of the egg. In total, 360 eggs from 50 females were tested from Pharaoh and Texas White quails per month. Eggs for this study were collected from the age of 90 days. The shelf life of quail eggs was no more than 2 days from the moment of laying; the storage temperature was not higher than 15 ? at an average air humidity was 75%. The collection of morphological parameters (weight of the whole egg and its components) and biophysical parameters (elastic deformation of the egg, strength and thickness of the shell) was carried out on a highly sensitive analyzer Stable Micro Systems, Ohaus laboratory electronic scales and using a caliper. During the analysis of the eggs, significant differences in the morphological parameters of the eggs were established. The Texas White quail was superior to the Pharaoh quail and had at 2% more elongated shape (at the egg index). In both meat breeds shell thickness was 0.27 mm an average, howewer the difference was found in the shell thickness without an under shell membrane, namely the true shell. From the Texas quail it was 1.12 times thinner than from the Pharaoh quail. The color of the yolk in Texas white quails was more yellow, under the same conditions of keeping and feeding. The quality of protein in quails of both genotypes in our study was high, which indicates their suitability for incubation, and corresponds to good commercial qualities. However, it should be noted that the Pharaoh breed was inferior in HU by 3.78%, in IQU by 4.19%, and the protein index was 1.28 times less than that of the Texas quail.
{"title":"Morphometric parameters of eggs from breeds quail for meat","authors":"N. German, A. Vetokh, A. Dzhagaev, E.R. Ilyina, T. Kotova","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-5","url":null,"abstract":"The paper shows the results of assessing eggs quality by morphometric and morphological indicators from meat-type quails, identifying significant differences in the quality indicators of the egg, which are responsible for the incubation and commercial qualities of the egg. In total, 360 eggs from 50 females were tested from Pharaoh and Texas White quails per month. Eggs for this study were collected from the age of 90 days. The shelf life of quail eggs was no more than 2 days from the moment of laying; the storage temperature was not higher than 15 ? at an average air humidity was 75%. The collection of morphological parameters (weight of the whole egg and its components) and biophysical parameters (elastic deformation of the egg, strength and thickness of the shell) was carried out on a highly sensitive analyzer Stable Micro Systems, Ohaus laboratory electronic scales and using a caliper. During the analysis of the eggs, significant differences in the morphological parameters of the eggs were established. The Texas White quail was superior to the Pharaoh quail and had at 2% more elongated shape (at the egg index). In both meat breeds shell thickness was 0.27 mm an average, howewer the difference was found in the shell thickness without an under shell membrane, namely the true shell. From the Texas quail it was 1.12 times thinner than from the Pharaoh quail. The color of the yolk in Texas white quails was more yellow, under the same conditions of keeping and feeding. The quality of protein in quails of both genotypes in our study was high, which indicates their suitability for incubation, and corresponds to good commercial qualities. However, it should be noted that the Pharaoh breed was inferior in HU by 3.78%, in IQU by 4.19%, and the protein index was 1.28 times less than that of the Texas quail.","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80991895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-9
R. B. Korochkin, P. Krasochko, M. Ponaskov
The acquisition of aberrant morphological variations by microorganisms can serve as a phenotypic manifestation of antibiotic resistance, which results from ad-aptation to growth in a potentially toxic environment. Therefore, morphogenesis should be considered as an adaptive process that makes a great contribution to the ubiquity and universality of prokaryotes. The aim of the research was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of silver and oxidized graphene nanoparticles on pheno-typically aberrant forms of Escherichia coli. As a result of research, it was found that the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is significantly higher compared to that of oxidized graphene nanoparticles on pleomorphic varieties of Escherichia coli, as the minimum inhibitory concentration of silver nanoparticles is lower (13.1 µg/ml) than that of oxidized graphene nanoparticles (75.3-94.9 µg/ml). The mor-phological variance of E. coli correlated with the acquisition of antibiotic resistance by the bacterium, but was not accompanied by a simultaneous increase in resistance to the nanoparticles. According to the results of atomic force microscopy, the toxic effect of oxidized graphene nanoparticles at supratoxic concentrations on aberrant forms of E. coli did not differ from that on canonical forms of the bacterium and was expressed in the destruction of the bacterial population and filling the intercel-lular space with biomass of degraded bacterial cells.
{"title":"Cytotoxic effect of silver and oxide graphene nanoparticles on aberrant forms of Escherichia coli","authors":"R. B. Korochkin, P. Krasochko, M. Ponaskov","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-9","url":null,"abstract":"The acquisition of aberrant morphological variations by microorganisms can serve as a phenotypic manifestation of antibiotic resistance, which results from ad-aptation to growth in a potentially toxic environment. Therefore, morphogenesis should be considered as an adaptive process that makes a great contribution to the ubiquity and universality of prokaryotes. The aim of the research was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of silver and oxidized graphene nanoparticles on pheno-typically aberrant forms of Escherichia coli. As a result of research, it was found that the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles is significantly higher compared to that of oxidized graphene nanoparticles on pleomorphic varieties of Escherichia coli, as the minimum inhibitory concentration of silver nanoparticles is lower (13.1 µg/ml) than that of oxidized graphene nanoparticles (75.3-94.9 µg/ml). The mor-phological variance of E. coli correlated with the acquisition of antibiotic resistance by the bacterium, but was not accompanied by a simultaneous increase in resistance to the nanoparticles. According to the results of atomic force microscopy, the toxic effect of oxidized graphene nanoparticles at supratoxic concentrations on aberrant forms of E. coli did not differ from that on canonical forms of the bacterium and was expressed in the destruction of the bacterial population and filling the intercel-lular space with biomass of degraded bacterial cells.","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86759420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-11
I.E. Lippo, D. Tyulin, A. V. Brigida, I.A. Kitaev
Hydrochemical regime is one of the important factors affecting the species composition and the amount of benthic invertebrate communities in a water body. With heavy metal pollution and high eutrophication, the oligochaete index increases, the species diversity of benthic invertebrate communities decreases, and almost all representatives of the entomofauna disappear, with the exception of chironomids. Pollution with phosphates and ammonium nitrogen has an adverse effect on the development of benthic invertebrate communities. At present, the amount of available scientific data on the influence of hydrochemical factors on the development of benthic invertebrate communities in pond farms seems to be insufficient, the focus is on hydrological factors, and this suggests the relevance of new research in this area. The purpose of this study was to compare hydrochemical and temperature indicators with the quantitative and qualitative composition of benthic invertebrate communities in three ponds of Noginsk district of Moscow region in December 2022 - January 2023. The selection of hydrobiological materials and water samples for hydrochemical analysis was carried out in December 2022 - January 2023 in the ponds of Noginsk district of Moscow region in EPB RRIFF, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FRC RIAH named after L.K. Ernst. Pond № 1 has an area of 4,48 ha, pond № 2 has an area of 1,7 ha, pond № 3 has an area of 0,61 ha. The studies conducted in December 2022 - January 2023 showed the presence of correlation between water quality (the sum of hydrochemical indicators: concentration of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, phosphates, total iron, general and carbonate hardness, total mineralization, as well as water temperature) and benthic invertebrate communities (qualitative and quantitative) development indicators. The best indicators of benthic invertebrate communities development were observed in the pond with the best water quality (from a fishery point of view), the worst ones were observed in the pond with the worst water quality (zoobenthos was not found in samples from this pond). In total, 6 taxones of benthic invertebrate communities were found in the studied ponds.
{"title":"State of benthic invertebrate communities and water quality in the ponds of Noginsk district of Moscow region","authors":"I.E. Lippo, D. Tyulin, A. V. Brigida, I.A. Kitaev","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-11","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrochemical regime is one of the important factors affecting the species composition and the amount of benthic invertebrate communities in a water body. With heavy metal pollution and high eutrophication, the oligochaete index increases, the species diversity of benthic invertebrate communities decreases, and almost all representatives of the entomofauna disappear, with the exception of chironomids. Pollution with phosphates and ammonium nitrogen has an adverse effect on the development of benthic invertebrate communities. At present, the amount of available scientific data on the influence of hydrochemical factors on the development of benthic invertebrate communities in pond farms seems to be insufficient, the focus is on hydrological factors, and this suggests the relevance of new research in this area. The purpose of this study was to compare hydrochemical and temperature indicators with the quantitative and qualitative composition of benthic invertebrate communities in three ponds of Noginsk district of Moscow region in December 2022 - January 2023. The selection of hydrobiological materials and water samples for hydrochemical analysis was carried out in December 2022 - January 2023 in the ponds of Noginsk district of Moscow region in EPB RRIFF, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FRC RIAH named after L.K. Ernst. Pond № 1 has an area of 4,48 ha, pond № 2 has an area of 1,7 ha, pond № 3 has an area of 0,61 ha. The studies conducted in December 2022 - January 2023 showed the presence of correlation between water quality (the sum of hydrochemical indicators: concentration of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, phosphates, total iron, general and carbonate hardness, total mineralization, as well as water temperature) and benthic invertebrate communities (qualitative and quantitative) development indicators. The best indicators of benthic invertebrate communities development were observed in the pond with the best water quality (from a fishery point of view), the worst ones were observed in the pond with the worst water quality (zoobenthos was not found in samples from this pond). In total, 6 taxones of benthic invertebrate communities were found in the studied ponds.","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73833751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-17
K.A. Savenkov, D. A. Makarov, O. I. Lavrukhina, A. V. Tretyakov
Raw feed materials of animal origin intended to produce feed for livestock and “companion animals may contain undesired chemical substances able to be carried-“over in the final produce: toxic elements and veterinary drug residues “(antimicrobials, coccidiostats, antiprotozoal and sedative drugs). The carry-over of “contaminant from raw materials to ready feed is determined by it’s structure and “chemical properties, resistance to environmental conditions and processing. “Elevated levels of toxic elements in the environment are often a result of industrial “and agricultural activities (e.g. use pesticides containing toxic elements, use of “manure as fertilizers and industrial wastewaters), however in some cases “contamination may have natural geological sources. Organic forms of cadmium “and mercury may be more toxic than their inorganic forms due to higher biological “activity. Rise of anthropogenic load leads to t elevated levels of raw feed materials “contamination and susbsequently of feed contamination, posing the risk to animal “health. Literature analysis showed that monitoring of cadmium, lead, mercury and “arsenic should be focused at raw feed materials of mineral and marine origin, “especially at the fishmeal, which contains large amounts of arsenic. The main “source of companion animals feed contamination by antimicrobials are raw “materials, and for livestock cross-contamination is an important factor. Control of “cross-contamination is possible only if good manufacturing practices are applied.“
{"title":"Chemical contamination of feed, containing animal raw materials","authors":"K.A. Savenkov, D. A. Makarov, O. I. Lavrukhina, A. V. Tretyakov","doi":"10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30917/att-vk-1814-9588-2023-2-17","url":null,"abstract":"Raw feed materials of animal origin intended to produce feed for livestock and “companion animals may contain undesired chemical substances able to be carried-“over in the final produce: toxic elements and veterinary drug residues “(antimicrobials, coccidiostats, antiprotozoal and sedative drugs). The carry-over of “contaminant from raw materials to ready feed is determined by it’s structure and “chemical properties, resistance to environmental conditions and processing. “Elevated levels of toxic elements in the environment are often a result of industrial “and agricultural activities (e.g. use pesticides containing toxic elements, use of “manure as fertilizers and industrial wastewaters), however in some cases “contamination may have natural geological sources. Organic forms of cadmium “and mercury may be more toxic than their inorganic forms due to higher biological “activity. Rise of anthropogenic load leads to t elevated levels of raw feed materials “contamination and susbsequently of feed contamination, posing the risk to animal “health. Literature analysis showed that monitoring of cadmium, lead, mercury and “arsenic should be focused at raw feed materials of mineral and marine origin, “especially at the fishmeal, which contains large amounts of arsenic. The main “source of companion animals feed contamination by antimicrobials are raw “materials, and for livestock cross-contamination is an important factor. Control of “cross-contamination is possible only if good manufacturing practices are applied.“","PeriodicalId":23579,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria i kormlenie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77403858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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