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Volume 7A: Dynamics, Vibration, and Control最新文献

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Research on Dynamic Characteristics of the High-Speed Cable Force Transmission 高速电缆传力动态特性研究
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-23293
Senhao Hou, Xiaoqiang Tang, Wang Yuheng, Dianjun Wang
During the landing and detection missions of the Moon, Mars, and asteroids, due to the complexity and unpredictability of the landing process, it is necessary and critical to carry out simulation tests on the ground to simulate the stress state during the separation of the backshell from the lander. A high-speed cable-driven mechanism adopted. The cable force is different at the end actuator and the drum. There are many factors causing this difference, such as high acceleration, cable stiffness, cable density, cable length. In this paper, the cable force transmission of spacecraft during high-speed separation is studied. The dynamic model of high-speed cable-driven mechanism is established based on Newton principle, then the trial function is introduced, and the second-order partial differential equation is solved by using the method of space discretization. The force relationship of the cable in the process of motion is obtained, and the influencing factors of the cable force are explored. Finally, the correctness of the research content in this paper is verified by numerical simulation and experiment. The results show that the model can accurately simulate the force state of the cable, and it has guiding significance for the active high-speed separation test of spacecraft.
在月球、火星、小行星等着陆探测任务中,由于着陆过程的复杂性和不可预测性,对着陆器后壳与着陆器分离过程中的应力状态进行地面模拟试验是必要的,也是至关重要的。采用高速电缆驱动机构。末端执行器和卷筒处的缆索受力不同。造成这种差异的因素很多,如高加速度、电缆刚度、电缆密度、电缆长度等。本文研究了航天器高速分离时的索力传递问题。基于牛顿原理建立了高速缆索驱动机构的动力学模型,引入试函数,采用空间离散化方法求解二阶偏微分方程。得到了索在运动过程中的受力关系,探讨了索受力的影响因素。最后,通过数值模拟和实验验证了本文研究内容的正确性。结果表明,该模型能较准确地模拟索的受力状态,对航天器主动高速分离试验具有指导意义。
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引用次数: 0
Nonlinear Control Design for a Gravity Compensation Mechanism for Human Lower Limb Rehabilitation 人体下肢康复重力补偿机构的非线性控制设计
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-24148
Z. Ilhan, M. Chew
Dynamics of a two degree-of-freedom suspension mechanism is incorporated into nonlinear control design to facilitate its potential use as a rehabilitation device to aid people with lower-limb injuries. The proposed mechanism is a variation of the standard four-bar linkage with an extra link and two springs. The system dynamic model is first extracted based on the Lagrange’s equations in conservative form. The performance deviations due to the link inertia is demonstrated in open-loop numerical simulations under an impulsive force scenario. Finally, the dynamic model of the suspension mechanism is incorporated into feedback control design based on nonlinear, sliding mode control strategy that can add robustness against modeling uncertainties and external disturbances. The tracking performance of the proposed nonlinear controller is validated in closed-loop numerical simulations to demonstrate possible performance improvements under feedback control.
将两自由度悬架机构的动力学特性纳入非线性控制设计中,以促进其作为下肢损伤患者康复装置的潜在应用。所提出的机构是标准四杆机构的一种变体,带有一个额外的连杆和两个弹簧。首先根据拉格朗日方程的保守形式提取系统动力学模型。通过开环数值模拟,验证了在脉冲力作用下连杆惯量引起的性能偏差。最后,将悬架机构的动力学模型纳入基于非线性滑模控制策略的反馈控制设计中,该策略可以增加对建模不确定性和外部干扰的鲁棒性。在闭环数值仿真中验证了所提出的非线性控制器的跟踪性能,以证明在反馈控制下可能的性能改进。
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引用次数: 0
Edge Coil Force Fitting and Current Optimal Commutation Algorithm for Magnetic Levitation Planar Motor With Moving Magnet 动磁体悬浮平面电机边缘线圈力拟合及电流优化换相算法
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-23534
Haobo Sun, Yu Zhu, Kaiming Yang, Sen Lu
In this paper, edge coils are added to the commutation algorithm of the coil array. In order to reduce the theoretical modeling error of the edge coil force, a method of edge coil force fitting based on radial basis function (RBF) network is proposed. The obtained attenuation function of edge force can replace the weighting function in the switching algorithm, so it can effectively reduce the current density of the central coils and the heat loss power of the coil array. On this basis, a non-iterative current optimal commutation algorithm is proposed. The algorithm takes the weighted sum of the 2-norm of the coil current and the 2-norm of the difference between the coil current and the saturation current as the optimization objective, and obtains the analytical expression of the instantaneous current by solving the Karush Kuhn Tucker (KKT) equation. The results of simulation show that, compared with the direct decoupling algorithm with weighting function, the proposed commutation algorithm can reduce the heat loss power of the coil array and allow the translator to provide greater acceleration under the same maximum current limitation.
本文在线圈阵列的换流算法中加入了边缘线圈。为了减小边缘线圈力的理论建模误差,提出了一种基于径向基函数(RBF)网络的边缘线圈力拟合方法。得到的边力衰减函数可以代替开关算法中的加权函数,从而有效地降低中心线圈的电流密度和线圈阵列的热损失功率。在此基础上,提出了一种非迭代电流最优换易算法。该算法以线圈电流2范数与线圈电流与饱和电流之差2范数的加权和为优化目标,通过求解Karush Kuhn Tucker (KKT)方程得到瞬时电流的解析表达式。仿真结果表明,与带加权函数的直接解耦算法相比,所提出的换流算法可以降低线圈阵列的热损失功率,并在相同的最大电流限制下使转换器提供更大的加速度。
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引用次数: 0
Mobile Carrying Platform: i-Explore 移动携带平台:i-Explore
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-23106
Kiwon Sohn, Aurian Emami, Jaesung Yang
This paper presents the development of mobile transportation robot, i-Explore which has been designed and built by ART (Assistive Robot Team) in University of Hartford since 2018. The main objective of i-Explore is to assist and carry children who have severe physical disabilities in indoor environments, especially for domestic uses. In this paper, the mechanical design and building processes of i-Explore which focused on fast reactiveness and low-cost manufacturing as its main technical design requirements are described first. Then, the kinematic analysis and its implementation in the low-level body controller of the mobile robot are described. Lastly, i-Explore is tested and evaluated both in cleaned and cluttered works spaces with its semi-autonomous motions which are designed for the robot’s navigation in human centered environments.
本文介绍了美国哈特福德大学(University of Hartford)辅助机器人团队(ART)自2018年以来设计和制造的移动运输机器人i-Explore的发展情况。i-Explore的主要目标是在室内环境中帮助和携带有严重身体残疾的儿童,特别是在家庭使用中。本文首先描述了以快速反应性和低成本制造为主要技术设计要求的i-Explore的机械设计和制造过程。然后,描述了移动机器人的运动学分析及其在底层本体控制器中的实现。最后,i-Explore在清洁和混乱的工作空间中进行了测试和评估,其半自动运动是为机器人在以人为中心的环境中导航而设计的。
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引用次数: 0
On the Uses of Linear-Quadratic Methods in Solving Nonlinear Dynamic Optimization Problems With Direct Transcription 线性二次方法在求解直接转录非线性动态优化问题中的应用
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-23885
Daniel R. Herber, Athul K. Sundarrajan
Solving nonlinear dynamic optimization (NLDO) and optimal control problems can be quite challenging, but the need for effective methods is ever increasing as more engineered systems become more dynamic and integrated. In this article, we will explore the various uses of linear-quadratic dynamic optimization (LQDO) in the direct transcription-based solution strategies for NLDO. Three general LQDO-based strategies are discussed, including direct incorporation, two-level optimization, and quasi-linearization. Connections are made between a variety of existing approaches, including sequential quadratic programming. The case studies are solved with the various methods using a publicly available, MATLAB-based tool. Results indicate that the LQDO-based strategies can improve existing solvers and be effective solution strategies. However, there are robustness issues and problem derivative requirements that must be considered.
解决非线性动态优化(NLDO)和最优控制问题是相当具有挑战性的,但随着越来越多的工程系统变得更加动态和集成,对有效方法的需求也在不断增加。在本文中,我们将探讨线性二次动态优化(LQDO)在基于直接转录的NLDO解决策略中的各种用途。讨论了三种基于lqdo的策略,包括直接合并、两级优化和准线性化。在各种现有方法之间建立了联系,包括顺序二次规划。案例研究是通过使用一个公开的、基于matlab的工具用各种方法来解决的。结果表明,基于lqdo的策略可以改进现有的求解器,是一种有效的求解策略。但是,必须考虑健壮性问题和问题派生需求。
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引用次数: 6
Delaying the Chaotic Onset in the Flow-Field of Flapping Foil With Flexible Aft Tail 延迟柔性尾翼扑翼流场混沌起始的研究
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-23868
C. Shah, Dipanjan Majumdar, Sunetra Sarkar
The present study is focused on examining the flow-field dynamics of a flapping foil with a flexible aft tail as compared to a rigid configuration where tail flexibility is infinite. The flow around the oscillating body is governed by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. An in-house Fluid-Structure Interaction solver has been developed following a discrete forcing type Immersed Boundary Method coupled with an inextensible filament structural model. The flapping amplitude is considered as a bifurcation parameter, and as the bifurcation parameter is increased, the periodic wake transitions into the chaotic patterns. The periodic to chaotic transition happens through an intermittency route. However, the elliptic foil with flexible aft tail exhibits chaotic onsets much later compared to the foil with a rigid tail. Time series analysis techniques, such as frequency spectra and recurrence plots, have been used to establish the intermittency and the chaotic dynamics conclusively.
本文主要研究了具有柔性尾翼的扑翼与具有无限柔性尾翼的刚性尾翼的流场动力学特性。围绕振荡体的流动由不可压缩的纳维-斯托克斯方程控制。采用离散强迫浸入边界法结合不可扩展细丝结构模型,开发了一种内部流固耦合求解器。将扑动幅值作为分岔参数,随着分岔参数的增大,周期尾迹转变为混沌模式。周期性到混沌的转变是通过间歇路径发生的。然而,具有柔性尾尾的椭圆型翼比具有刚性尾的椭圆型翼表现出更晚的混沌起动。时间序列分析技术,如频谱和递归图,已被用来确定间歇性和混沌动力学。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of High-Frequency Vibration Loads in Deep Drilling Systems Using Augmented Kalman Filters 基于增广卡尔曼滤波的深钻系统高频振动载荷估计
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-23824
M. Ichaoui, G. Ostermeyer, Mathias Tergeist, A. Hohl
Deep drilling operations are primarily used to produce oil, gas, and geothermal heat from reservoirs in the earth’s crust. A drill string built of thread-connected components is used to transfer mechanical energy from a drill rig on the surface to a drill bit at the bottom end. The lowest part of a drill string, which is called bottom-hole assembly (BHA), contains sophisticated sub-assemblies for process and trajectory control, formation evaluation, surface communication, power generation, and system diagnostics. The BHA can experience critical vibrations without indication further up to the string. These vibrations need to be closely monitored for process control, fatigue management, and design feedback. However, the number of sensors is too small to provide reliable indication of loads on all critical components of the drill string. Adding sensors to each component is currently neither economically nor technically viable. This paper presents an application of existing Kalman Filters, merging information from available sensors and dynamic models to obtain state estimates for all components of the BHA. The expected accuracy and limitations are discussed. The results of load extrapolation are confirmed by comparison with measurements proving the concept under inaccurately defined interaction with a downhole environment.
深层钻井作业主要用于从地壳中的储层中开采石油、天然气和地热。由螺纹连接部件组成的钻柱用于将机械能从表面的钻机传递到底部的钻头。钻柱的最低部分,称为底部钻具组合(BHA),包含复杂的子组件,用于过程和轨迹控制、地层评估、地面通信、发电和系统诊断。BHA可以在没有任何指示的情况下经历临界振动。为了过程控制、疲劳管理和设计反馈,需要密切监测这些振动。然而,传感器的数量太少,无法可靠地指示钻柱所有关键部件的负载。为每个部件添加传感器目前在经济上和技术上都不可行。本文介绍了现有卡尔曼滤波器的一种应用,将来自现有传感器和动态模型的信息合并,以获得井下钻具组合所有部件的状态估计。讨论了期望的精度和局限性。载荷外推的结果通过与测量结果的比较得到了证实,证明了在与井下环境不准确定义的相互作用下的概念。
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引用次数: 1
Development of a 3D Printed Soft Parallel Robot 三维打印软并联机器人的研制
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-23138
Martin Garcia, Amir Ali Amiri Moghadam, A. Tekes, R. Emert
This paper reports on design, fabrication, and kinematics modeling of a 3D printed soft parallel robot equipped with soft pneumatic actuators. Soft robotics is an emerging field of research which facilitates safe human machine interface. Soft elastomeric actuators made through molding process are one of the key elements of soft robotic systems. However, molding process is tedious and time consuming making the fabrication process undesirable. Recently reported 3D printed soft pneumatic actuators pave the way for manufacturing of novel soft actuators and robots with complex geometries. The current work can be considered as a proof of concept for 3D printing of a soft parallel robot. The robot consists of two soft pneumatic actuators that are connected to two passive links by mean of flexible hinges. The robot has two degrees of freedom and can be used in planar manipulation tasks. Moreover, a number of robots can be configured to operate in a cooperative manner to increase the manipulation dexterity. A kinematic model is developed to simulate the motion of robot end-effector. Through application of the kinematic model it has been shown that the robot is capable of following any planar trajectories within its workspace. Also, pseudo-rigid-body model (PRBM) is used to develop a dynamic model of the soft robot to more accurately predict the robot interaction with its environment and also develop advanced control system for robust position control of the robot.
本文报道了一个配备软气动执行器的3D打印软并联机器人的设计、制造和运动学建模。软机器人技术是一个新兴的研究领域,它促进了安全的人机界面。柔性弹性作动器是柔性机器人系统的关键部件之一。然而,成型过程是繁琐和耗时的,使制造过程不受欢迎。最近报道的3D打印软气动执行器为制造具有复杂几何形状的新型软执行器和机器人铺平了道路。目前的工作可以被认为是软并联机器人3D打印的概念验证。该机器人由两个软气动执行器组成,通过柔性铰链连接到两个被动连杆上。该机器人具有两个自由度,可用于平面操作任务。此外,可以配置多个机器人以协作方式操作,以增加操作灵巧性。建立了仿真机器人末端执行器运动的运动学模型。通过运动学模型的应用表明,该机器人能够在其工作空间内沿任意平面轨迹运动。同时,利用拟刚体模型(PRBM)建立了软体机器人的动力学模型,以更准确地预测机器人与环境的相互作用,并开发了先进的控制系统,实现了机器人的鲁棒位置控制。
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引用次数: 3
Application of Alternative Support Fixture System in Vibration Suppression of Thin-Walled Parts 备选支撑夹具系统在薄壁件减振中的应用
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-23343
Zenglin Liu, Yu Sun, Yu Wang
The machining vibration of thin-walled parts affects the quality of the products. Thus, this paper proposes a new alternative support fixture system for vibration suppression of thin-walled parts. The system includes two movable supporting heads, which are periodically repositioned along the machining path in the form of alternating support to support the area close to the cutter, so as to improve the rigidity of the actual machining position of the thin-walled part. Around this new system, a dynamic model is established to analyze the workpiece vibration. Takeing as an example simply suppoted thin-plate, the influence of the supporting head’s location, stiffness coefficient and damping coefficient on vibration suppression are numerically analyzed in this paper. The result of the simulation demonstrates the alternative support fixture system is effective in vibration suppression of thin-walled parts.
薄壁件的加工振动直接影响产品的质量。为此,本文提出了一种新的薄壁件减振替代支撑夹具系统。该系统包括两个可移动支撑头,其沿加工路径以交替支撑的形式周期性地重新定位,以支撑靠近刀具的区域,从而提高薄壁零件实际加工位置的刚性。围绕该系统,建立了工件振动分析的动力学模型。本文以简支薄板为例,数值分析了支承头位置、刚度系数和阻尼系数对减振的影响。仿真结果表明,替代支撑夹具系统对薄壁件的振动抑制是有效的。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive Iterative Learning Control of Fluidic Muscle Driven Parallel Manipulators for Force Control With Sliding Mode Technique 滑模控制流体肌肉驱动并联机器人的自适应迭代学习控制
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2020-24466
Zhang Xinxin, Min Li, Huafeng Ding
In this paper, an adaptive iterative learning control (AILC) method combined with sliding mode technique is proposed to improve the force control performance for repeating tasks of fluidic muscle (FM) driven parallel manipulators. Different from the traditional iterative learning control method, the proposed AILC is to learn the controller time-varying parameters rather than to learn the control signals. Since the AILC is sensitive to non-repetitive disturbances, the sliding mode technique is introduced to enhance the robustness. Since no model information involved in the controller design, the proposed method is a complete data-driven method. Hence, the difficulty of obtaining accurate model is avoided. Simulation studies are performed on a two degrees of freedom FM driven parallel manipulator. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve high force tracking performance and robustness.
本文提出了一种结合滑模控制技术的自适应迭代学习控制(AILC)方法,以提高流体肌肉驱动并联机器人重复任务的力控制性能。与传统的迭代学习控制方法不同,本文提出的AILC是学习控制器时变参数,而不是学习控制信号。针对AILC对非重复干扰敏感的特点,引入了滑模变结构技术来增强其鲁棒性。由于控制器设计中不涉及模型信息,因此该方法是一种完整的数据驱动方法。从而避免了获得精确模型的困难。对二自由度调频驱动并联机械臂进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,该方法具有良好的力跟踪性能和鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Volume 7A: Dynamics, Vibration, and Control
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