During 2020 and 2021, numerous seafarers had to stay on board their ships long after their employment agreements expired due to a worldwide pandemic caused by COVID-19. In some cases, seafarers were forced to stay on board for more than a year after their employment contracts expired. Seafarers' employers found it impossible to arrange for a crew to embark and disembark from a ship. Furthermore, the seafarers who stayed home for a longer period of time due to a lack of possibility to embark, were deprived of exercising their fundamental right: the right to work. For this kind of situation, the crew change became a burning problem of the maritime industry, so it was necessary to bring legal sources that would regulate the problem. The aim of this paper is to analyze the content of legal sources adopted during 2020 and 2021 at the international and national level, the purpose of which is to regulate the undisturbed embarking and disembarking of the ship crew in the circumstances of COVID-19 pandemic. These sources are: UN resolution on International Cooperation to Address Challenges Faced by Seafarers as a Result of the COVID-19 Pandemic to Support Global Supply Chains, IMO’s industry recommended framework of protocols for ensuring safe ship crew changes and travel, The Neptune Declaration on Seafarer Wellbeing and Crew Change, European Union Guidelines on protection of health, repatriation and travel arrangements for seafarers and other persons on board and the Measures of the Ministry of the Sea of the Republic of Croatia for seafarers who have not been able to renew all the documents required for service on ships. After analyzing the content of mentioned legal sources, the key directives for the undisturbed ship crew changes during the COVID-19 pandemic are highlighted within this paper's conclusion.
{"title":"Legal Sources Regulating the Crew Change During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Marija Pijaca","doi":"10.56080/jms221110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56080/jms221110","url":null,"abstract":"During 2020 and 2021, numerous seafarers had to stay on board their ships long after their employment agreements expired due to a worldwide pandemic caused by COVID-19. In some cases, seafarers were forced to stay on board for more than a year after their employment contracts expired. Seafarers' employers found it impossible to arrange for a crew to embark and disembark from a ship. Furthermore, the seafarers who stayed home for a longer period of time due to a lack of possibility to embark, were deprived of exercising their fundamental right: the right to work. For this kind of situation, the crew change became a burning problem of the maritime industry, so it was necessary to bring legal sources that would regulate the problem. The aim of this paper is to analyze the content of legal sources adopted during 2020 and 2021 at the international and national level, the purpose of which is to regulate the undisturbed embarking and disembarking of the ship crew in the circumstances of COVID-19 pandemic. These sources are: UN resolution on International Cooperation to Address Challenges Faced by Seafarers as a Result of the COVID-19 Pandemic to Support Global Supply Chains, IMO’s industry recommended framework of protocols for ensuring safe ship crew changes and travel, The Neptune Declaration on Seafarer Wellbeing and Crew Change, European Union Guidelines on protection of health, repatriation and travel arrangements for seafarers and other persons on board and the Measures of the Ministry of the Sea of the Republic of Croatia for seafarers who have not been able to renew all the documents required for service on ships. After analyzing the content of mentioned legal sources, the key directives for the undisturbed ship crew changes during the COVID-19 pandemic are highlighted within this paper's conclusion.","PeriodicalId":236082,"journal":{"name":"Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125077679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boka is undeniably one of the most beautiful destinations in the world. This may be a subjective opinion, however being included in UNESCO’s world heritage list may be an objective proof of such a statement. This is recognized by the Government, and nautical tourism has been set as one of the main development strategies for this area. The economic growth, on the other side brings problems that our limited sources can hardly cope with. Increased traffic i.e. number and size of vessels (boats/yachts/ships) that are visiting Boka Bay, enormous fuel quantities burnt by giant engines on mega cruisers, by-products of every day processes such as garbage and sewage cause many side effects that could be hidden. These are all risks that could create catastrophic consequences if not handled properly, and in long term, may turn one of the finest destinations into a place to be avoided. Navigation is a skill. Years of experience are required to become professional navigator. It is not a sport and it is risky to treat it like that. Risk management concept will be utilized for assessing mentioned risks and for establishing controls that will definitely reduce them. After short introduction of the concept, priority will be given to analysis of all factors that must be taken into account for successful risk assessment. Special attention will be paid for database that must be established for Boka Bay area. Next step in the process is identification of all hazards related to visits of different types of vessels. Setting the criteria and matrixes that are relevant for this special area is essential before final part of the research focused on risk assessment.
{"title":"What is a Risk of Increased Traffic in Boka Bay?","authors":"Igor Petrovic, Špiro Ivošević, Miroslav Vukičević","doi":"10.56080/jms221106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56080/jms221106","url":null,"abstract":"Boka is undeniably one of the most beautiful destinations in the world. This may be a subjective opinion, however being included in UNESCO’s world heritage list may be an objective proof of such a statement. This is recognized by the Government, and nautical tourism has been set as one of the main development strategies for this area. The economic growth, on the other side brings problems that our limited sources can hardly cope with. Increased traffic i.e. number and size of vessels (boats/yachts/ships) that are visiting Boka Bay, enormous fuel quantities burnt by giant engines on mega cruisers, by-products of every day processes such as garbage and sewage cause many side effects that could be hidden. These are all risks that could create catastrophic consequences if not handled properly, and in long term, may turn one of the finest destinations into a place to be avoided. Navigation is a skill. Years of experience are required to become professional navigator. It is not a sport and it is risky to treat it like that. Risk management concept will be utilized for assessing mentioned risks and for establishing controls that will definitely reduce them. After short introduction of the concept, priority will be given to analysis of all factors that must be taken into account for successful risk assessment. Special attention will be paid for database that must be established for Boka Bay area. Next step in the process is identification of all hazards related to visits of different types of vessels. Setting the criteria and matrixes that are relevant for this special area is essential before final part of the research focused on risk assessment.","PeriodicalId":236082,"journal":{"name":"Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129683041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ship’s stability is one among the foremost important and complicated concept regarding ship and navigation’s safety and it's governed by maritime law as well as maritime codes. In Albanian bays, there has been considerable maritime tourism development in recent years, which has consequently brought about an increasing demand for passenger ships offering mainly one day cruises. The ships intended for this type of service are of different typologies: tourist vessels built especially for this destination, but there are many vessels which have changed the destination mainly from fishing vessel to tourist vessel. From the field observations along with contacts with the port authorities and Albanian maritime administration, it is revealed that these ships bare problems related to meeting service and security standards that they offer. Considering existence of such problems and the absence of technical data related to the safety of ships, it is required that geometric and stability calculations are performed with the view meeting the norms of stability. In this paper we will be presenting the causes that lead to ship stability failure and their impact on navigation safety. A case study of the calculation of the ship stability is going to be presented, the causes are going to be analysed and the possible ways of stability failures are going to be assessed. Vessel’s intact stability is a fundamental component of seaworthiness so it's in the interest of all owners/operators to be aware of this subject and make sure that their vessel has a satisfactory level of stability in order to ensure its safety as well as that of people on board.
{"title":"Some Considerations Regarding the Safety of Touristic Vessels Operating in the Albanian Bays","authors":"Miranda Vidhaj, K. Lapa","doi":"10.56080/jms221107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56080/jms221107","url":null,"abstract":"Ship’s stability is one among the foremost important and complicated concept regarding ship and navigation’s safety and it's governed by maritime law as well as maritime codes. In Albanian bays, there has been considerable maritime tourism development in recent years, which has consequently brought about an increasing demand for passenger ships offering mainly one day cruises. The ships intended for this type of service are of different typologies: tourist vessels built especially for this destination, but there are many vessels which have changed the destination mainly from fishing vessel to tourist vessel. From the field observations along with contacts with the port authorities and Albanian maritime administration, it is revealed that these ships bare problems related to meeting service and security standards that they offer. Considering existence of such problems and the absence of technical data related to the safety of ships, it is required that geometric and stability calculations are performed with the view meeting the norms of stability. In this paper we will be presenting the causes that lead to ship stability failure and their impact on navigation safety. A case study of the calculation of the ship stability is going to be presented, the causes are going to be analysed and the possible ways of stability failures are going to be assessed. Vessel’s intact stability is a fundamental component of seaworthiness so it's in the interest of all owners/operators to be aware of this subject and make sure that their vessel has a satisfactory level of stability in order to ensure its safety as well as that of people on board.","PeriodicalId":236082,"journal":{"name":"Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126358696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Globalization has had its established dynamics for many years. The world markets became more and more integrated, the availability of goods and security of supply was very high. However, the year 2020 and the COVID-19 crisis, followed by the war in Ukraine, showed the great vulnerability of the global economy and its dependence on established logistics routes. Price competitiveness of goods and services for the entire range of products is no longer the primary goal, but the key factor is ensuring security of supply. In such conditions, the market of new heavy commercial vehicles, which enables the smooth flow of goods between the economies of different countries, is under special attention.
{"title":"Competitiveness of the Market of New Heavy Commercial Vehicles - the Case of Slovenia","authors":"Alen Host, Lari Host, Alen Jugović","doi":"10.56080/jms221102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56080/jms221102","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization has had its established dynamics for many years. The world markets became more and more integrated, the availability of goods and security of supply was very high. However, the year 2020 and the COVID-19 crisis, followed by the war in Ukraine, showed the great vulnerability of the global economy and its dependence on established logistics routes. Price competitiveness of goods and services for the entire range of products is no longer the primary goal, but the key factor is ensuring security of supply. In such conditions, the market of new heavy commercial vehicles, which enables the smooth flow of goods between the economies of different countries, is under special attention.","PeriodicalId":236082,"journal":{"name":"Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132421264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ladislav Stazić, Karlo Bratić, Tatjana Stanivuk, Frane Vidović
This paper presents the organization and results of a test that attempted to evaluate the success of training students of Marine Engineering on the simulator during the regular course in the third year of the Faculty of Maritime Studies in Split. Sixteen students were assessed at the beginning of the course, then after completing the first part of the training, and finally at the end. The progress of the students was measured using a questionnaire and by performing actual tasks on the simulator. Measuring the success of the simulator training showed a very high success rate that 93.75% of the students met all requirements and passed all tests.
{"title":"Student Advancement During Simulator Training","authors":"Ladislav Stazić, Karlo Bratić, Tatjana Stanivuk, Frane Vidović","doi":"10.56080/jms221104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56080/jms221104","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the organization and results of a test that attempted to evaluate the success of training students of Marine Engineering on the simulator during the regular course in the third year of the Faculty of Maritime Studies in Split. Sixteen students were assessed at the beginning of the course, then after completing the first part of the training, and finally at the end. The progress of the students was measured using a questionnaire and by performing actual tasks on the simulator. Measuring the success of the simulator training showed a very high success rate that 93.75% of the students met all requirements and passed all tests.","PeriodicalId":236082,"journal":{"name":"Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126091126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In September 2022 the Maritime Museum of Montenegro celebrated the solemn academy on its seventieth anniversary. This significant anniversary was marked by the solemn academy held in the church of Saint Spirit – the concert hall of the Music School “Vida Matjan” Kotor. Also, we arranged the exhibition named A Walk through Time and Events by the authors Radojka Abramović, Danijela Nikčević, Dijana Đurašković, Ilija Mlinarević and Tomislav Bonić. The aim of the solemn academy and the exhibition was to sum up, reflect and recapitulate the achievements during the last seven decades of the existence and work of the Maritime Museum of Montenegro. According to the Decision of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs of 17 December 1949 on the establishment of the Museum, the Museum had the task to “collect and purchase, arrange, exhibit and maintain objects and documents of relevance for the historical heritage of Boka with the aim to explore history and publish the results of its work”. The founders of the Museum were aware of the importance of the historical and cultural heritage that has been accumulated for centuries in the palaces and captains’ mansions. With its establishment, the existence of the museum and archival material was officially declared, and the collecting process was continued during all seventy years by enriching the records through purchase and donations. Nowadays, the Maritime Museum is a public institution of a specialized type, the institution dealing with collecting, protecting, archiving and professional procession and the presentation of the object and portable cultural goods from the maritime past of the Montenegrin coast. In 2012 the Maritime Museum of Montenegro was named the home museum for maritime-technical collections preserving the maritime heritage of Montenegro.
{"title":"The Seventieth Anniversary of the Maritime Museum of Montenegro in Kotor","authors":"Danijela Nikčević","doi":"10.56080/jms221101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56080/jms221101","url":null,"abstract":"In September 2022 the Maritime Museum of Montenegro celebrated the solemn academy on its seventieth anniversary. This significant anniversary was marked by the solemn academy held in the church of Saint Spirit – the concert hall of the Music School “Vida Matjan” Kotor. Also, we arranged the exhibition named A Walk through Time and Events by the authors Radojka Abramović, Danijela Nikčević, Dijana Đurašković, Ilija Mlinarević and Tomislav Bonić. The aim of the solemn academy and the exhibition was to sum up, reflect and recapitulate the achievements during the last seven decades of the existence and work of the Maritime Museum of Montenegro. According to the Decision of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs of 17 December 1949 on the establishment of the Museum, the Museum had the task to “collect and purchase, arrange, exhibit and maintain objects and documents of relevance for the historical heritage of Boka with the aim to explore history and publish the results of its work”. The founders of the Museum were aware of the importance of the historical and cultural heritage that has been accumulated for centuries in the palaces and captains’ mansions. With its establishment, the existence of the museum and archival material was officially declared, and the collecting process was continued during all seventy years by enriching the records through purchase and donations. Nowadays, the Maritime Museum is a public institution of a specialized type, the institution dealing with collecting, protecting, archiving and professional procession and the presentation of the object and portable cultural goods from the maritime past of the Montenegrin coast. In 2012 the Maritime Museum of Montenegro was named the home museum for maritime-technical collections preserving the maritime heritage of Montenegro.","PeriodicalId":236082,"journal":{"name":"Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121611185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, we can observe a dynamic development of numerically tested algorithms dedicated to AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) and ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle). Simulations can provide valuable experience at the preparation stage to avoid irregularities in research in the real environment. This article presents a mathematical model of the echosounder for measuring the distance from the bottom implemented and simulated in MATLAB. The presented algorithm's operation example confirms the correctness of the model.
{"title":"Numerical Research on the Mathematical Model of Echosounder for Distance to Bottom Measurement","authors":"P. Szymak, R. Kot, Tomislav Batur","doi":"10.56080/jms221103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56080/jms221103","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, we can observe a dynamic development of numerically tested algorithms dedicated to AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) and ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle). Simulations can provide valuable experience at the preparation stage to avoid irregularities in research in the real environment. This article presents a mathematical model of the echosounder for measuring the distance from the bottom implemented and simulated in MATLAB. The presented algorithm's operation example confirms the correctness of the model.","PeriodicalId":236082,"journal":{"name":"Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116725031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coronavirus (COVID-19) has significantly slowed down the global economy, affecting global shipping and impacting all shipping sectors. COVID19 slowdowns disrupt port operations and cause delays in planned schedules at major ports around the world. Around of 2,4 million TEUs (10 % of the Container fleet at the end of 2021) was waiting globally due to port´s congestion. Ship operators are facing increasing problems from biofouling, which occurs during idle periods. The considerable extent of hard fouling appears to be due to increasing idle time; COVID-19 shows the extent of unnecessarily increasing fuel consumption, emissions and speed losses due to increased hydrodynamic drag. Most antifouling paints are toxic and extremely harmful to the environment, and increasing idle time causes additional amounts of leached biocides in the port area. Ship operators are increasingly demanding antifouling paints that are suitable for specific ship routes as well as for the different activities of the ships. This paper focuses on the possibility of reviewing the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the efficiency of container shipping. The authors emphasis the need for the use of a new environmentally friendly technology against biofouling, as container ship lay times increase significantly in the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Impact of the COVID–19 on Container Ships Efficiency","authors":"R. Ivce, Leon Tomić, A. Zekić, Darijo Mišković","doi":"10.56080/jms221109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56080/jms221109","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus (COVID-19) has significantly slowed down the global economy, affecting global shipping and impacting all shipping sectors. COVID19 slowdowns disrupt port operations and cause delays in planned schedules at major ports around the world. Around of 2,4 million TEUs (10 % of the Container fleet at the end of 2021) was waiting globally due to port´s congestion. Ship operators are facing increasing problems from biofouling, which occurs during idle periods. The considerable extent of hard fouling appears to be due to increasing idle time; COVID-19 shows the extent of unnecessarily increasing fuel consumption, emissions and speed losses due to increased hydrodynamic drag. Most antifouling paints are toxic and extremely harmful to the environment, and increasing idle time causes additional amounts of leached biocides in the port area. Ship operators are increasingly demanding antifouling paints that are suitable for specific ship routes as well as for the different activities of the ships. This paper focuses on the possibility of reviewing the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the efficiency of container shipping. The authors emphasis the need for the use of a new environmentally friendly technology against biofouling, as container ship lay times increase significantly in the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":236082,"journal":{"name":"Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115915676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seafarers represent a special category of workers, since their living and working conditions differ in many respects from those of other workers. Therefore, the legal regulation of the employment status of seafarers is particularly important. In the Republic of Croatia and Montenegro, there is no comprehensive legal act regulating the working, social and living conditions of seafarers. Relevant provisions are contained in various legal regulations. Collective agreements are of crucial importance in regulating the employment status of seafarers. In the Republic of Croatia, the National Collective Agreement for Croatian Seafarers on Board Ships in the International Shipping (2021-2022) entered into force in 2021. In Montenegro, the Collective Agreement for ship crew concluded at the end of 2020 with the employer Crnogorska plovidba a.d. Kotor is still in force. In this paper, the author provides an overview of the collective bargaining process and focuses on the comparative analysis of collective agreements.
海员是一类特殊的工人，因为他们的生活和工作条件在许多方面与其他工人不同。因此，对海员就业地位的法律规制就显得尤为重要。在克罗地亚和黑山共和国，没有管理海员工作、社会和生活条件的综合性法律。各种法律法规都有相关规定。集体协议对于调节海员的就业状况至关重要。在克罗地亚共和国，《国际航运船上克罗地亚海员国家集体协议(2021-2022年)》于2021年生效。在黑山，2020年底与雇主Crnogorska plovidba and d. Kotor签订的船员集体协议仍然有效。在本文中，作者概述了集体谈判的过程，并着重于集体协议的比较分析。
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Seafarersʼ Collective Agreements in the Republic of Croatia and Montenegro","authors":"Tony Vuković","doi":"10.56080/jms221108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56080/jms221108","url":null,"abstract":"Seafarers represent a special category of workers, since their living and working conditions differ in many respects from those of other workers. Therefore, the legal regulation of the employment status of seafarers is particularly important. In the Republic of Croatia and Montenegro, there is no comprehensive legal act regulating the working, social and living conditions of seafarers. Relevant provisions are contained in various legal regulations. Collective agreements are of crucial importance in regulating the employment status of seafarers. In the Republic of Croatia, the National Collective Agreement for Croatian Seafarers on Board Ships in the International Shipping (2021-2022) entered into force in 2021. In Montenegro, the Collective Agreement for ship crew concluded at the end of 2020 with the employer Crnogorska plovidba a.d. Kotor is still in force. In this paper, the author provides an overview of the collective bargaining process and focuses on the comparative analysis of collective agreements.","PeriodicalId":236082,"journal":{"name":"Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128743199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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