Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CASE.2011.6042491
D. Puiu, F. Moldoveanu
The latest advances in the field of microelectronics and modern control systems demand for more flexible control architectures. As a result of that, the centralized control architectures are replaced by flexible distributed control systems based on intelligent drives and powerful communication networks. CAN network was designed for car networking in order to reduce the complexity of the related wiring harnesses. To achieve the real-time communication constraints the traditional CAN application technique must be updated. This paper presents a new approach of using the dynamically priority allocation technique for a CAN network. Our solution is to increase gradually the message priority until it becomes the message with the highest priority from the network and it is transmitted. This method of message priority allocation allows us to determine its maximum transmission time.
{"title":"The time delay control of CAN messages for real-time communication","authors":"D. Puiu, F. Moldoveanu","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042491","url":null,"abstract":"The latest advances in the field of microelectronics and modern control systems demand for more flexible control architectures. As a result of that, the centralized control architectures are replaced by flexible distributed control systems based on intelligent drives and powerful communication networks. CAN network was designed for car networking in order to reduce the complexity of the related wiring harnesses. To achieve the real-time communication constraints the traditional CAN application technique must be updated. This paper presents a new approach of using the dynamically priority allocation technique for a CAN network. Our solution is to increase gradually the message priority until it becomes the message with the highest priority from the network and it is transmitted. This method of message priority allocation allows us to determine its maximum transmission time.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124422491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CASE.2011.6042471
W. Feng, Li Zheng, Jingshan Li
In this paper, a continuous time Markov chain model is introduced to study multi-product manufacturing systems with sequence-dependent setups, finite buffers, and cyclic scheduling policy. Analytical formulas to evaluate system throughput are developed, and system properties on setup time, buffer capacity, processing and arrival rates are investigated.
{"title":"Multi-product manufacturing systems with sequence-dependent setups: Performance evaluation and system properties","authors":"W. Feng, Li Zheng, Jingshan Li","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042471","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a continuous time Markov chain model is introduced to study multi-product manufacturing systems with sequence-dependent setups, finite buffers, and cyclic scheduling policy. Analytical formulas to evaluate system throughput are developed, and system properties on setup time, buffer capacity, processing and arrival rates are investigated.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124431945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CASE.2011.6042489
S. Aranovskiy, A. Bobtsov, V. Bardov
A method to identify parameters of the “motor—dual-section device” with the known plant's structure and unknown transfer function parameters has been suggested. The parameters are identified through experimental data acquired from ready-to-service device. The proposed approach uses the measurements of output signal only. It does not require data on median values; it allows achieving high speed identification. The results of mathematical simulation are set below to support the efficiency of this method. Also the results of the identification of the real plant and comparison with common identification methods are presented.
{"title":"The method of identification for the “motor-dual-section device” system through output signal measurements","authors":"S. Aranovskiy, A. Bobtsov, V. Bardov","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042489","url":null,"abstract":"A method to identify parameters of the “motor—dual-section device” with the known plant's structure and unknown transfer function parameters has been suggested. The parameters are identified through experimental data acquired from ready-to-service device. The proposed approach uses the measurements of output signal only. It does not require data on median values; it allows achieving high speed identification. The results of mathematical simulation are set below to support the efficiency of this method. Also the results of the identification of the real plant and comparison with common identification methods are presented.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121373669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CASE.2011.6042423
F. Boem, F. A. Pellegrino, G. Fenu, T. Parisini
We present new results in trajectory clustering, obtained by extending a recent methodology based on Earth Mover's Distance (EMD). The EMD can be adapted as a tool for trajectory clustering, taking advantage of an effective method for identifying the clusters' representatives by means of the p-median location problem. This methodology can be used either in an unsupervised fashion, or on-line, classifying new trajectories or part of them; it is able to manage different length and noisy trajectories, occlusions and takes velocity profiles and stops into account. We extend our previous work by taking into account other features besides the spatial locations, in particular we consider the direction of movement in correspondence of each trajectory point. We discuss the simulation results and we compare our approach with another trajectory clustering method.
{"title":"Multi-feature trajectory clustering using Earth Mover's Distance","authors":"F. Boem, F. A. Pellegrino, G. Fenu, T. Parisini","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042423","url":null,"abstract":"We present new results in trajectory clustering, obtained by extending a recent methodology based on Earth Mover's Distance (EMD). The EMD can be adapted as a tool for trajectory clustering, taking advantage of an effective method for identifying the clusters' representatives by means of the p-median location problem. This methodology can be used either in an unsupervised fashion, or on-line, classifying new trajectories or part of them; it is able to manage different length and noisy trajectories, occlusions and takes velocity profiles and stops into account. We extend our previous work by taking into account other features besides the spatial locations, in particular we consider the direction of movement in correspondence of each trajectory point. We discuss the simulation results and we compare our approach with another trajectory clustering method.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128992693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CASE.2011.6042530
Lanfranco Urli, S. Murgia
This paper introduces and completes the material presented in the tutorial “Automation and real-time simulation of steelmaking processes” and discusses the use of industrial protocols, based on IEEE 802.3 standard for data exchange between the layers of a real-time based automation system. Modern automation platform needs to replace legacy field bus, for drive and remote I/O, based on RS485 standard and the communication between the control systems, with Ethernet management. This improvement allows an increase in performance of the control system and makes the recovery of diagnostic information easier. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the application of modern Ethernet communications to a real-time based automation platform for the metals industry.
{"title":"Use of Ethernet communications for real-time control systems in the metals industry","authors":"Lanfranco Urli, S. Murgia","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042530","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces and completes the material presented in the tutorial “Automation and real-time simulation of steelmaking processes” and discusses the use of industrial protocols, based on IEEE 802.3 standard for data exchange between the layers of a real-time based automation system. Modern automation platform needs to replace legacy field bus, for drive and remote I/O, based on RS485 standard and the communication between the control systems, with Ethernet management. This improvement allows an increase in performance of the control system and makes the recovery of diagnostic information easier. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the application of modern Ethernet communications to a real-time based automation platform for the metals industry.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129137325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CASE.2011.6042409
C. H. Park, S. Choi, S. Ham
21,000RPM, 145RT class turbo refrigerant compressor which is supported by magnetic bearings are under development. Oil-free bearing has merits that the continuous operation is possible because the lubrication system is not required and the refrigerant is not contaminated by the oil. This paper presents the design procedure of thrust hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB) and its controller for turbo refrigerant compressor. Thrust HMB consists of permanent magnet and electromagnet and it is designed to support 2,000N thrust force by compressor at 21,000rpm operating speed. After building the thrust bearing test rig and control system with PID controller, plant model of hybrid thrust bearing was established by measuring FRF(frequency response function) from the test rig. Based on FRF, PID gain was optimized and the test rotor was successfully levitated with 4.7µm standard deviation from the reference axial position. The additional DOB(disturbance observer) was designed to attenuate the low frequency disturbance and the measured error sensitivity transfer function shows that DOB works well as it has designed.
{"title":"Design and control for hybrid magnetic thrust bearing for turbo refrigerant compressor","authors":"C. H. Park, S. Choi, S. Ham","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042409","url":null,"abstract":"21,000RPM, 145RT class turbo refrigerant compressor which is supported by magnetic bearings are under development. Oil-free bearing has merits that the continuous operation is possible because the lubrication system is not required and the refrigerant is not contaminated by the oil. This paper presents the design procedure of thrust hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB) and its controller for turbo refrigerant compressor. Thrust HMB consists of permanent magnet and electromagnet and it is designed to support 2,000N thrust force by compressor at 21,000rpm operating speed. After building the thrust bearing test rig and control system with PID controller, plant model of hybrid thrust bearing was established by measuring FRF(frequency response function) from the test rig. Based on FRF, PID gain was optimized and the test rotor was successfully levitated with 4.7µm standard deviation from the reference axial position. The additional DOB(disturbance observer) was designed to attenuate the low frequency disturbance and the measured error sensitivity transfer function shows that DOB works well as it has designed.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117022122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Servo press is more flexible for forming process than conventional press. The position control of the slider is the key technique in the servo presses. In order to achieve an excellent position control performance of the slider, a position servo control strategy of the slider in a servo press - double toggle mechanical press is proposed in this paper. The control strategy combines the Bezier curve model and the fuzzy control methods. Firstly, the controlled mechanical object is described. Then, a Bezier curve model is established to accurately describe the control curves. Based on this Bezier curve model, the position servo control given curves of the crank for different processes are obtained. Afterwards, transverse flux machine (TFM) is selected as the servo motor for the control system because of its high force densities. Since TFM has complex nonlinear features, a Fuzzy-Proportional-Integral (fuzzy-PI) control method is presented to control the crank position for tracking the given curves. At last, the tracking curves for different processes are obtained. The results show that the control strategy can effectively achieve the flexible manufacturing of the press.
{"title":"Position servo control of the slider in double toggle mechanical press using Bezier curve model and fuzzy control","authors":"Jia Xie, Shengdun Zhao, Zhenghui Sha, Jintao Liang","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042424","url":null,"abstract":"Servo press is more flexible for forming process than conventional press. The position control of the slider is the key technique in the servo presses. In order to achieve an excellent position control performance of the slider, a position servo control strategy of the slider in a servo press - double toggle mechanical press is proposed in this paper. The control strategy combines the Bezier curve model and the fuzzy control methods. Firstly, the controlled mechanical object is described. Then, a Bezier curve model is established to accurately describe the control curves. Based on this Bezier curve model, the position servo control given curves of the crank for different processes are obtained. Afterwards, transverse flux machine (TFM) is selected as the servo motor for the control system because of its high force densities. Since TFM has complex nonlinear features, a Fuzzy-Proportional-Integral (fuzzy-PI) control method is presented to control the crank position for tracking the given curves. At last, the tracking curves for different processes are obtained. The results show that the control strategy can effectively achieve the flexible manufacturing of the press.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115667559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CASE.2011.6042480
S. Miremadi, B. Lennartson, K. Åkesson
In this paper, we settle some problems that are encountered when modeling and synthesizing complex industrial systems by the supervisory control theory. First, modeling such huge systems with explicit state-transition models typically results in an intractable model. An alternative modeling approach is to use extended finite automata (EFAs), which is an augmentation of ordinary automata with variables. The main advantage of utilizing EFAs for modeling is that more compact models are obtained. The second problem concerns the ease to understand and implement the supervisor. To handle this problem, we represent the supervisor in a modular manner by extending the original EFAs by compact conditional expressions generated from the monolithic supervisor. In order to, potentially, be able to handle complex systems efficiently, the models are symbolically represented by binary decision diagrams (BDDs). All computations that are performed in this framework are based on BDD operations. The framework has been implemented in a supervisory control tool and applied to industrially relevant benchmark problems.
{"title":"BDD-based supervisory control on extended finite automata","authors":"S. Miremadi, B. Lennartson, K. Åkesson","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042480","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we settle some problems that are encountered when modeling and synthesizing complex industrial systems by the supervisory control theory. First, modeling such huge systems with explicit state-transition models typically results in an intractable model. An alternative modeling approach is to use extended finite automata (EFAs), which is an augmentation of ordinary automata with variables. The main advantage of utilizing EFAs for modeling is that more compact models are obtained. The second problem concerns the ease to understand and implement the supervisor. To handle this problem, we represent the supervisor in a modular manner by extending the original EFAs by compact conditional expressions generated from the monolithic supervisor. In order to, potentially, be able to handle complex systems efficiently, the models are symbolically represented by binary decision diagrams (BDDs). All computations that are performed in this framework are based on BDD operations. The framework has been implemented in a supervisory control tool and applied to industrially relevant benchmark problems.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"5 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115675347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CASE.2011.6042404
D. Kurz, Johannes Kaspar, J. Pilz
In semiconductor manufacturing, in order to guarantee an optimal production flow it is necessary to perform a quick and correct equipment repair when an error message occurs. Since most equipment types are very complex, maintenance engineers are provided with manuals of troubleshooting flow charts. These manuals offer guidelines for finding the cause of the problem. Since such manuals are often static, clumsy and difficult to extend, it might be hard for maintenance engineers to efficiently perform cause-effect testing. For this reason, we employed a Bayesian network model that is developed from troubleshooting flow charts, which is able to overcome these deficiencies. The network is built as a self-learning diagnostic system. Troubleshooting sessions are used to train the network, so that the order of potential root causes is dynamically updated by actual maintenance experience. An Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm is used to update the network. Furthermore, by ordering symptoms according to a mutual information criterion, it is possible to provide maintenance engineers with a ranking of the most informative and efficient tests to run.
{"title":"Dynamic Maintenance in semiconductor manufacturing using Bayesian networks","authors":"D. Kurz, Johannes Kaspar, J. Pilz","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042404","url":null,"abstract":"In semiconductor manufacturing, in order to guarantee an optimal production flow it is necessary to perform a quick and correct equipment repair when an error message occurs. Since most equipment types are very complex, maintenance engineers are provided with manuals of troubleshooting flow charts. These manuals offer guidelines for finding the cause of the problem. Since such manuals are often static, clumsy and difficult to extend, it might be hard for maintenance engineers to efficiently perform cause-effect testing. For this reason, we employed a Bayesian network model that is developed from troubleshooting flow charts, which is able to overcome these deficiencies. The network is built as a self-learning diagnostic system. Troubleshooting sessions are used to train the network, so that the order of potential root causes is dynamically updated by actual maintenance experience. An Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm is used to update the network. Furthermore, by ordering symptoms according to a mutual information criterion, it is possible to provide maintenance engineers with a ranking of the most informative and efficient tests to run.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114514969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-13DOI: 10.1109/CASE.2011.6042422
Ilie Talpasanu, Shankar Krishnan
This paper presents a novel technique for the kinematic analysis of exoskeleton systems, based on incidence matrices in an edge-oriented graph. Kinematic equations are generated in matrix form using a base of circuits from a cycle matroid. This set of independent equations, automatically generated due to matrix orthogonalities, allows efficient computation of system's joint velocities. The method has general applicability and can be employed for modeling complex body segments and joints as complex mechanisms with large number of links and degrees of freedom. This paper illustrates the model of a particular exoskeleton system having six links.
{"title":"Exoskeleton systems kinematics analysis with graph-matroid approach","authors":"Ilie Talpasanu, Shankar Krishnan","doi":"10.1109/CASE.2011.6042422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CASE.2011.6042422","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel technique for the kinematic analysis of exoskeleton systems, based on incidence matrices in an edge-oriented graph. Kinematic equations are generated in matrix form using a base of circuits from a cycle matroid. This set of independent equations, automatically generated due to matrix orthogonalities, allows efficient computation of system's joint velocities. The method has general applicability and can be employed for modeling complex body segments and joints as complex mechanisms with large number of links and degrees of freedom. This paper illustrates the model of a particular exoskeleton system having six links.","PeriodicalId":236208,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124501160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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