Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.009
Zhichao Gao , Hongyuan Guo , Ziqiao Wang , Pengcheng Wang , Xinran Sun , Shimei Zhang , Fei Feng , Chao Shan , Youhua Xie , Rong Zhang
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a high-containment pathogen that causes severe diseases in humans, with no approved therapeutics available. Its classification as a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) agent has limited research and therapeutic development due to safety concerns. In this study, we developed a stable replicon cell line maintaining the replication of L and S genomic segments of RVFV. Single-cycle viral replicon particles (VRPs) could be efficiently packaged through trans-complementation of glycoproteins from different strains, recapitulating authentic viral entry and replication while minimizing biosafety risks. Using this system, we conducted high-throughput screening of a small-molecule compound library and identified CNX-1351 as an antiviral agent for multiple RNA viruses. Mechanistic studies revealed that CNX-1351 inhibits viral replication, potentially by targeting the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. This single-cycle VRP system provides a valuable tool for studying RVFV biology, host interactions, antiviral and vaccine development under reduced biosafety constraints.
{"title":"Single-cycle Rift Valley fever virus particles from stable replicon cells enable discovery of antiviral CNX-1351 for multiple RNA viruses","authors":"Zhichao Gao , Hongyuan Guo , Ziqiao Wang , Pengcheng Wang , Xinran Sun , Shimei Zhang , Fei Feng , Chao Shan , Youhua Xie , Rong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a high-containment pathogen that causes severe diseases in humans, with no approved therapeutics available. Its classification as a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) agent has limited research and therapeutic development due to safety concerns. In this study, we developed a stable replicon cell line maintaining the replication of L and S genomic segments of RVFV. Single-cycle viral replicon particles (VRPs) could be efficiently packaged through <em>trans</em>-complementation of glycoproteins from different strains, recapitulating authentic viral entry and replication while minimizing biosafety risks. Using this system, we conducted high-throughput screening of a small-molecule compound library and identified CNX-1351 as an antiviral agent for multiple RNA viruses. Mechanistic studies revealed that CNX-1351 inhibits viral replication, potentially by targeting the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. This single-cycle VRP system provides a valuable tool for studying RVFV biology, host interactions, antiviral and vaccine development under reduced biosafety constraints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 636-646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.003
Miaomiao Lin , Lele Xiong , Wen Li , Lingyan Xiao , Wei Zhang , Xiaogui Zhao , Yishan Zheng
The treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) poses significant clinical challenges due to its multidrug/pan-drug resistance. In this study, we isolated a broad-spectrum lytic A. baumannii phage, named P425, from medical wastewater, targeting nine multidrug-resistant A. baumannii (MDRAB) with diverse capsular types. Biological characterization revealed that P425 maintains activity at pH range of 3–12 and temperature range of 4–50 °C. It resists UV irradiation for 20 minutes, and had an optimal multiplicity of infection (OMOI) is 0.00001. The adsorption kinetics showed that P425 achieves > 90% within 10 minutes of incubation, and the one-step growth curve indicated a 10-min latent period, with a burst size of 184 PFU/cell. The genome sequencing results indicated that it harbors a double-stranded DNA genome of 40,583 bp with a GC content of 39.39%. Intergenomic similarity analysis classified it as a novel species within the Friunavirus genus, while electron microscopy results showed that it belongs to the Podoviridae family. Notably, P425 exhibits potent 24-h in vitro inhibitory activity against MDRAB, and demonstrates synergistic effect at an MOI of 0.001 when combined with five classes of antibiotics targeting distinct antimicrobial mechanisms. Safety evaluations confirmed the absence of cytotoxicity, hemolytic activity, or systemic toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. In mouse infection models, P425 can significantly improve the survival rates of mice infected with Ab25 (ST1791/KL101). When co-administered with levofloxacin, it achieved 100% protection against mortality and promoted immune recovery. Collectively, P425 is a prospective lytic phage that could offer novel strategies for combating MDRAB infections.
{"title":"Isolation and identification of a newly discovered broad-spectrum Acinetobacter baumannii phage and therapeutic validation against pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","authors":"Miaomiao Lin , Lele Xiong , Wen Li , Lingyan Xiao , Wei Zhang , Xiaogui Zhao , Yishan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The treatment of <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (<em>A. baumannii</em>) poses significant clinical challenges due to its multidrug/pan-drug resistance. In this study, we isolated a broad-spectrum lytic <em>A. baumannii</em> phage, named P425, from medical wastewater, targeting nine multidrug-resistant <em>A. baumannii</em> (MDRAB) with diverse capsular types. Biological characterization revealed that P425 maintains activity at pH range of 3–12 and temperature range of 4–50 °C. It resists UV irradiation for 20 minutes, and had an optimal multiplicity of infection (OMOI) is 0.00001. The adsorption kinetics showed that P425 achieves > 90% within 10 minutes of incubation, and the one-step growth curve indicated a 10-min latent period, with a burst size of 184 PFU/cell. The genome sequencing results indicated that it harbors a double-stranded DNA genome of 40,583 bp with a GC content of 39.39%. Intergenomic similarity analysis classified it as a novel species within the <em>Friunavirus</em> genus, while electron microscopy results showed that it belongs to the <em>Podoviridae</em> family. Notably, P425 exhibits potent 24-h <em>in vitro</em> inhibitory activity against MDRAB, and demonstrates synergistic effect at an MOI of 0.001 when combined with five classes of antibiotics targeting distinct antimicrobial mechanisms. Safety evaluations confirmed the absence of cytotoxicity, hemolytic activity, or systemic toxicity both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. In mouse infection models, P425 can significantly improve the survival rates of mice infected with Ab25 (ST1791/KL101). When co-administered with levofloxacin, it achieved 100% protection against mortality and promoted immune recovery. Collectively, P425 is a prospective lytic phage that could offer novel strategies for combating MDRAB infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 587-600"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.006
Nan Cao , Yamei Li , Xiangmin Li , Ping Qian
{"title":"Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of swinepox virus from pigs in China","authors":"Nan Cao , Yamei Li , Xiangmin Li , Ping Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 676-679"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.011
Mingkun Wu , Liru Guo , Mei Kong , Ming Zou , Xiaochang Liu , Xiaoyan Li
Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a global public health concern, causing influenza-like illness and severe respiratory tract infections. Two major subtypes, A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2, circulate globally, and their epidemics are influenced by multiple factors, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on data from the National Influenza Surveillance Program in China, we analyzed the epidemiological and genomic data in Tianjin collected from 2017 to 2025. A total of 77,473 throat swabs were collected, of which 9144 were IAV-positive. The A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2 lineages exhibited distinct epidemics across different influenza seasons, with a decline in cases observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sequenced the genomes of 128 A/pdm09 H1N1 and 113 A/H3N2 clinical isolates and characterized their temporal evolution and genetic diversity using time-scaled phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, we conducted a genetic risk evaluation of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase segments, identifying key amino acid residues associated with viral adaptation, transmissibility, virulence, and drug resistance. Moreover, no antigenic variants were found in clinical isolates during the recent influenza seasons, though reduced sensitivity to oseltamivir and zanamivir was observed in individual strains. Our surveillance highlights the epidemiology and evolution of IAV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Tianjin.
{"title":"Epidemiological and genomic surveillance of influenza A virus (pdm09 H1N1 and H3N2) strains from 2017 to 2025 in Tianjin, China","authors":"Mingkun Wu , Liru Guo , Mei Kong , Ming Zou , Xiaochang Liu , Xiaoyan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a global public health concern, causing influenza-like illness and severe respiratory tract infections. Two major subtypes, A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2, circulate globally, and their epidemics are influenced by multiple factors, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on data from the National Influenza Surveillance Program in China, we analyzed the epidemiological and genomic data in Tianjin collected from 2017 to 2025. A total of 77,473 throat swabs were collected, of which 9144 were IAV-positive. The A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2 lineages exhibited distinct epidemics across different influenza seasons, with a decline in cases observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sequenced the genomes of 128 A/pdm09 H1N1 and 113 A/H3N2 clinical isolates and characterized their temporal evolution and genetic diversity using time-scaled phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, we conducted a genetic risk evaluation of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase segments, identifying key amino acid residues associated with viral adaptation, transmissibility, virulence, and drug resistance. Moreover, no antigenic variants were found in clinical isolates during the recent influenza seasons, though reduced sensitivity to oseltamivir and zanamivir was observed in individual strains. Our surveillance highlights the epidemiology and evolution of IAV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Tianjin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 535-545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.005
Xiaomei Tan , Liangliang Lin , Qi Zhang , Na Li , Ningning Dong , Shishi Wang , Wenqi Zhu , Maoqing Luo , Shuaisai Pang , Yanzhao Xu , Guangqing Liu , Chunchun Meng
{"title":"First isolation and genomic characterization of a novel inter-genotype recombinant feline calicivirus from domestic cats: Implications for viral evolution","authors":"Xiaomei Tan , Liangliang Lin , Qi Zhang , Na Li , Ningning Dong , Shishi Wang , Wenqi Zhu , Maoqing Luo , Shuaisai Pang , Yanzhao Xu , Guangqing Liu , Chunchun Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 672-675"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.008
Wen Deng , Hongxiao Hao , Ziyu Zhang , Xinxin Li , Weihua Cao , Yaqin Zhang , Shiyu Wang , Zixuan Gao , Linmei Yao , Shuojie Wang , Xin Wei , Wei Yi , Linqing Zhao , Yao Xie , Minghui Li
To investigate the risk and influencing factors of long-term liver adverse events in chronic hepatitis B patients achieving hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance after pegylated interferon α (Peg-IFN α) treatment, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 456 patients at Beijing Ditan Hospital from 2008 to 2023 who achieved HBsAg clearance and discontinued Peg-IFN α treatment. The baseline was defined as the time of HBsAg clearance and treatment cessation. The endpoint was the first occurrence of liver adverse events (hepatocellular carcinoma or ascites) or last follow-up. Subsequently, we evaluated the incidence and risk factors of liver adverse events, along with changes in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver function indicators. During a median follow-up of 70 months, the incidence of liver adverse events was 2.30%, hepatocellular carcinoma 1.76%, and ascites 0.55%. Older age and cirrhosis were significant risk factors (HR 1.075 and 41.393, both P < 0.01). The APRI score significantly improved at follow-up compared to baseline (0.53 vs. 0.25, P < 0.001), and cirrhosis prevalence decreased from 5.70% to 0.88% (P < 0.001). In conclusion, patients who achieved HBsAg clearance and discontinued Peg-IFN α treatment have a low risk of liver adverse events, while advanced age and cirrhosis remain major risk factors.
为探讨聚乙二醇化干扰素α (Peg-IFN α)治疗后hbv表面抗原（HBsAg）清除的慢性乙型肝炎患者发生长期肝脏不良事件的危险因素及影响因素，回顾性分析2008年至2023年北京地坛医院456例HBsAg清除后停用Peg-IFN α治疗的患者。基线定义为HBsAg清除和停止治疗的时间。终点是首次发生肝脏不良事件（肝细胞癌或腹水）或最后一次随访。随后，我们评估了肝脏不良事件的发生率和危险因素，以及肝纤维化、肝硬化和肝功能指标的变化。在中位随访70个月期间，肝脏不良事件发生率为2.30%，肝细胞癌发生率为1.76%，腹水发生率为0.55%。年龄较大、肝硬化为重要危险因素（HR 1.075、41.393，P均< 0.01）。与基线相比，APRI评分在随访时显著提高（0.53 vs. 0.25, P < 0.001），肝硬化患病率从5.70%降至0.88% （P < 0.001）。总之，获得HBsAg清除并停止Peg-IFN α治疗的患者肝脏不良事件的风险较低，而高龄和肝硬化仍然是主要的危险因素。
{"title":"Clinical outcomes after HBsAg clearance in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with Peg-IFN α: A study with an 11- to 173-month follow-up","authors":"Wen Deng , Hongxiao Hao , Ziyu Zhang , Xinxin Li , Weihua Cao , Yaqin Zhang , Shiyu Wang , Zixuan Gao , Linmei Yao , Shuojie Wang , Xin Wei , Wei Yi , Linqing Zhao , Yao Xie , Minghui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the risk and influencing factors of long-term liver adverse events in chronic hepatitis B patients achieving hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance after pegylated interferon α (Peg-IFN α) treatment, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 456 patients at Beijing Ditan Hospital from 2008 to 2023 who achieved HBsAg clearance and discontinued Peg-IFN α treatment. The baseline was defined as the time of HBsAg clearance and treatment cessation. The endpoint was the first occurrence of liver adverse events (hepatocellular carcinoma or ascites) or last follow-up. Subsequently, we evaluated the incidence and risk factors of liver adverse events, along with changes in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver function indicators. During a median follow-up of 70 months, the incidence of liver adverse events was 2.30%, hepatocellular carcinoma 1.76%, and ascites 0.55%. Older age and cirrhosis were significant risk factors (HR 1.075 and 41.393, both <em>P</em> < 0.01). The APRI score significantly improved at follow-up compared to baseline (0.53 vs. 0.25, <em>P</em> < 0.001), and cirrhosis prevalence decreased from 5.70% to 0.88% (<em>P</em> < 0.001). In conclusion, patients who achieved HBsAg clearance and discontinued Peg-IFN α treatment have a low risk of liver adverse events, while advanced age and cirrhosis remain major risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 579-586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.010
Annete Itzel Apodaca-Medina , José Israel Torres-Avendaño , Hipólito Castillo-Ureta , Edith Hilario Torres-Montoya , Sergio Alonso Durán-Pérez , Lorenzo Ulises Osuna-Martínez , María Elena Báez-Flores , José Guadalupe Rendón-Maldonado
{"title":"Co-circulation of all four DENV serotypes during 2016 outbreak in Sinaloa, Mexico: First report of DENV-4 in patients","authors":"Annete Itzel Apodaca-Medina , José Israel Torres-Avendaño , Hipólito Castillo-Ureta , Edith Hilario Torres-Montoya , Sergio Alonso Durán-Pérez , Lorenzo Ulises Osuna-Martínez , María Elena Báez-Flores , José Guadalupe Rendón-Maldonado","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 680-683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.006
Zixiao Yang , Xinrong Zhou , Xikui Sun , Liu Cao , Tiefeng Xu , Kun Li , Hongchao Liu , Yanxi Ji , Lihong Liu , Konstantin I. Ivanov , Zhonghan Yang , Deyin Guo , Chun-Mei Li
Rapid and accurate detection of infectious virus particles, not just viral nucleic acid, is essential to avoid unnecessary quarantine and effectively control the spread of viral diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was the most widely used detection technique during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, it cannot discriminate between intact infectious viruses and surface-distorted, non-infectious virus particles or naked viral RNA. In this study, we present a strategy for the specific detection of infectious coronaviruses by combining viral receptor capture and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). We successfully applied this strategy to detect infectious virus particles of the SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus and the human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63). Virus particles were first captured on ELISA plates coated with the recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor. Viral RNA was then extracted from the particles and detected by RT-LAMP using virus-specific primers. In our experimental setting, the proposed method had a minimum detection limit (LOD) of 90 PFU/mL, sensitivity of 96.2%, and specificity of 100%. Our study provides a proof-of-concept that viral receptor capture combined with RT-LAMP can differentiate infectious coronaviruses from non-infectious virions or naked viral RNA. This paves the way for this virus detection strategy to become a mainstream tool for the management, prevention and control of epidemic coronavirus diseases.
{"title":"Rapid and accurate detection of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by viral receptor capture combined with loop-mediated isothermal amplification","authors":"Zixiao Yang , Xinrong Zhou , Xikui Sun , Liu Cao , Tiefeng Xu , Kun Li , Hongchao Liu , Yanxi Ji , Lihong Liu , Konstantin I. Ivanov , Zhonghan Yang , Deyin Guo , Chun-Mei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid and accurate detection of infectious virus particles, not just viral nucleic acid, is essential to avoid unnecessary quarantine and effectively control the spread of viral diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was the most widely used detection technique during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, it cannot discriminate between intact infectious viruses and surface-distorted, non-infectious virus particles or naked viral RNA. In this study, we present a strategy for the specific detection of infectious coronaviruses by combining viral receptor capture and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). We successfully applied this strategy to detect infectious virus particles of the SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus and the human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63). Virus particles were first captured on ELISA plates coated with the recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor. Viral RNA was then extracted from the particles and detected by RT-LAMP using virus-specific primers. In our experimental setting, the proposed method had a minimum detection limit (LOD) of 90 PFU/mL, sensitivity of 96.2%, and specificity of 100%. Our study provides a proof-of-concept that viral receptor capture combined with RT-LAMP can differentiate infectious coronaviruses from non-infectious virions or naked viral RNA. This paves the way for this virus detection strategy to become a mainstream tool for the management, prevention and control of epidemic coronavirus diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 613-623"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.009
Xia Huang , Siyuan Wang , Yan Huang , Yue Wang , Guangchao Zang , Yan Liang , Juntong Liu , Xinyue Han , Jingjing Liao , Tingting Chen , Nan Lu , Guangyuan Zhang
Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) and enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) are two major types of enteroviruses that pose emerging challenges to public health and have the potential to cause outbreaks, yet their pathogenic mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Arrestin domain containing 3 (ARRDC3) is a vital regulator of glucose metabolism, cancer development, and inflammation. Whether ARRDC3 contributes to innate antiviral immunity is undefined. Here, we found that enterovirus infection induces ARRDC3 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, thereby inhibiting enterovirus replication. Moreover, we demonstrate that the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP), a key effector of the Hippo pathway, is severely downregulated by ARRDC3 via lysosomal pathway. YAP facilitates enterovirus replication by suppressing the interferon pathway during the later stage of enterovirus infection, independent of its transcriptional activity. Finally, the ARRDC3-YAP pathway exhibits a broad-spectrum antiviral effect in various viral infections, including those caused by human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Collectively, our results identify the critical role of ARRDC3 and its negative regulatory effect on YAP in the innate antiviral response, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy against virus infection.
{"title":"ARRDC3 promotes lysosome-mediated YAP degradation to inhibit enterovirus replication","authors":"Xia Huang , Siyuan Wang , Yan Huang , Yue Wang , Guangchao Zang , Yan Liang , Juntong Liu , Xinyue Han , Jingjing Liao , Tingting Chen , Nan Lu , Guangyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) and enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) are two major types of enteroviruses that pose emerging challenges to public health and have the potential to cause outbreaks, yet their pathogenic mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Arrestin domain containing 3 (ARRDC3) is a vital regulator of glucose metabolism, cancer development, and inflammation. Whether ARRDC3 contributes to innate antiviral immunity is undefined. Here, we found that enterovirus infection induces ARRDC3 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, thereby inhibiting enterovirus replication. Moreover, we demonstrate that the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP), a key effector of the Hippo pathway, is severely downregulated by ARRDC3 via lysosomal pathway. YAP facilitates enterovirus replication by suppressing the interferon pathway during the later stage of enterovirus infection, independent of its transcriptional activity. Finally, the ARRDC3-YAP pathway exhibits a broad-spectrum antiviral effect in various viral infections, including those caused by human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Collectively, our results identify the critical role of ARRDC3 and its negative regulatory effect on YAP in the innate antiviral response, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy against virus infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 658-668"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.007
Yubin Yu , Sihao Liu , Qinghua Liu , Xiuping Liu , Kaili Wu
Quercetin is a natural compound with potent antiviral effects; however, its role in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) remains underexplored. Here, we investigated the antiviral effects of quercetin against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). By examining different phases of viral infection in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs), we found that 30 μmol/L quercetin inhibits HSV-1 replication primarily by disrupting viral attachment. RNA-sequencing and subsequent analyses revealed that the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was upregulated by quercetin in a dose-dependent manner. Knocking down Nrf2 partially compromised quercetin's antiviral effect. Importantly, topical application of 100 μmol/L quercetin alleviated HSK severity in mice, reduced viral titers in tears, and inhibited VP16 expression in the cornea and trigeminal ganglia. These findings demonstrate the antiviral effect of quercetin against HSV-1 and provide a foundation for mechanistic studies to elucidate its therapeutic potential in HSK.
{"title":"Quercetin inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 replication in corneal epithelium and suppresses keratitis progression","authors":"Yubin Yu , Sihao Liu , Qinghua Liu , Xiuping Liu , Kaili Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quercetin is a natural compound with potent antiviral effects; however, its role in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) remains underexplored. Here, we investigated the antiviral effects of quercetin against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). By examining different phases of viral infection in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs), we found that 30 μmol/L quercetin inhibits HSV-1 replication primarily by disrupting viral attachment. RNA-sequencing and subsequent analyses revealed that the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (<em>Nrf2</em>) was upregulated by quercetin in a dose-dependent manner. Knocking down <em>Nrf2</em> partially compromised quercetin's antiviral effect. Importantly, topical application of 100 μmol/L quercetin alleviated HSK severity in mice, reduced viral titers in tears, and inhibited VP16 expression in the cornea and trigeminal ganglia. These findings demonstrate the antiviral effect of quercetin against HSV-1 and provide a foundation for mechanistic studies to elucidate its therapeutic potential in HSK.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 647-657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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