Während der Herstellung, Lagerung und Wärmebehandlung unterliegt Gänseschmalz einem oxidativen Verfall. In dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von natürlichen und synthetischen Antioxidantien und Synergisten (Rosmarinextrakt, Grüntee-Extrakt, Salbeiextrakt, Alpha-Tocopherol, Tocopherol-Mischung, Propylgallat, Zitronensäure, Ascorbinsäure, Kaffeesäure, Rosmarinsäure) auf die Oxidationsstabilität von Gänseschmalz untersucht. Die Oxidationsstabilität von Schmalz, mit und ohne zugesetzte Antioxidantien und Synergisten, wurde mit dem Schaal-Ofen-Test untersucht. Die Testergebnisse werden als Wert der Peroxidzahl nach einer bestimmten Zeit der Lagerung von Schmalz bei einer Temperatur von 63 °C angegeben. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass die Anwendung von Antioxidantien und Synergisten Gänseschmalz erfolgreich stabilisiert, nicht aber α-Tocopherol. Von den natürlichen Antioxidantien hat Grüntee-Extrakt die höchste antioxidative Aktivität in Gänseschmalz. Er erreichte die höchste Schutzwirkung gegen oxidativen Verfall. Rosmarinextrakt in Kombination mit einem Synergisten zeigt im Vergleich zu reinem Rosmarinextrakt einen höheren Schutz von Schmalz gegen Oxidation. Durch Zugabe einer Tocopherolmischung wurde eine bessere Stabilisierung von Schmalz erreicht als mit Salbeiextrakt. Das synthetische Antioxidans Propylgallat erhöhte erfolgreich die Stabilität von Gänseschmalz.
{"title":"Stabilizacija guščje masti s antioksidansima i sinergistima","authors":"Tihomir Moslavac, Stela Jokić, Ivan Flanjak","doi":"10.31727/m.24.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31727/m.24.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"Während der Herstellung, Lagerung und Wärmebehandlung unterliegt Gänseschmalz einem oxidativen Verfall. In dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von natürlichen und synthetischen Antioxidantien und Synergisten (Rosmarinextrakt, Grüntee-Extrakt, Salbeiextrakt, Alpha-Tocopherol, Tocopherol-Mischung, Propylgallat, Zitronensäure, Ascorbinsäure, Kaffeesäure, Rosmarinsäure) auf die Oxidationsstabilität von Gänseschmalz untersucht. Die Oxidationsstabilität von Schmalz, mit und ohne zugesetzte Antioxidantien und Synergisten, wurde mit dem Schaal-Ofen-Test untersucht. Die Testergebnisse werden als Wert der Peroxidzahl nach einer bestimmten Zeit der Lagerung von Schmalz bei einer Temperatur von 63 °C angegeben. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass die Anwendung von Antioxidantien und Synergisten Gänseschmalz erfolgreich stabilisiert, nicht aber α-Tocopherol. Von den natürlichen Antioxidantien hat Grüntee-Extrakt die höchste antioxidative Aktivität in Gänseschmalz. Er erreichte die höchste Schutzwirkung gegen oxidativen Verfall. Rosmarinextrakt in Kombination mit einem Synergisten zeigt im Vergleich zu reinem Rosmarinextrakt einen höheren Schutz von Schmalz gegen Oxidation. Durch Zugabe einer Tocopherolmischung wurde eine bessere Stabilisierung von Schmalz erreicht als mit Salbeiextrakt. Das synthetische Antioxidans Propylgallat erhöhte erfolgreich die Stabilität von Gänseschmalz.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73767843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U radu se prikazuje kakvoća mesa pilećih brojlera na domaćem tržištu. Istraživanje je provedeno na trupovima pilića koji su kupljeni u trgovačkim centrima od dva proizvođača, A (n=20) i B (n=20) s ciljem da se ustanovi prinos najvrjednijih dijelova u trupu (prsa, bataci sa zabacima) i tkiva u njima te pokazatelji fizikalno-kemijskih svojstava mesa: boja (CIE L*, a*, b*), pH vrijednost, električna provodljivost, gubitak mesnog soka, %, kalo kuhanja, % , WBSF (N), profil masnih kiselina u mesu prsa i zabataka te TBARS vrijednosti kao pokazatelji oksidacijskih procesa u mesu (svježe i čuvano 28 dana na -20°C). Prosječne težine trupova brojlera od proizvođača A i B bile su 1916 g i 2165 g (P<0,001). Trupovi brojlera proizvođača B imali su statistički značajno veća prsa, batake sa zabacima, krila i leđa (P<0,001). Utvrđeni su veći udjeli kože s masnim tkivom u trupovima brojlera proizvođača A te veći udjeli kostiju u trupovima brojlera proizvođača B (P<0,001). Od pokazatelja tehnološke kakvoće mesa ustanovljene su razlike u boji mesa zabataka (CIE b*, P=0,03). Vrijednosti pokazatelja pH, gubitka mesnog soka, električne provodljivosti, kala kuhanja i WBSF, nisu se razlikovale između mesa obje skupine brojlera (P>0,05). Utvrđeni su nepovoljni omjeri ∑n-6 PUFA/∑n-3 PUFA u mesu brojlera kod oba proizvođača. Statistički značajne razlike između proizvođača A i B utvrđene su za vrijednosti TBARS-a u uzorcima smrznutog mesa zabataka (P<0,05). Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na to da je pileće meso na domaćem tržištu dobre tehnološke kakvoće, no da bi proizvođači trebali adekvatnijom hranidbom poboljšati profil masnih kiselina u brojlerskom mesu.
{"title":"Kakvoća mesa brojlera na domaćem tržištu","authors":"Zlata Kralik, Manuela Košević, Žarko Radišić, Kristina Gvozdanović, Ivona Djurkin Kušec, Gordana Kralik","doi":"10.31727/m.24.5.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31727/m.24.5.4","url":null,"abstract":"U radu se prikazuje kakvoća mesa pilećih brojlera na domaćem tržištu. Istraživanje je provedeno na trupovima pilića koji su kupljeni u trgovačkim centrima od dva proizvođača, A (n=20) i B (n=20) s ciljem da se ustanovi prinos najvrjednijih dijelova u trupu (prsa, bataci sa zabacima) i tkiva u njima te pokazatelji fizikalno-kemijskih svojstava mesa: boja (CIE L*, a*, b*), pH vrijednost, električna provodljivost, gubitak mesnog soka, %, kalo kuhanja, % , WBSF (N), profil masnih kiselina u mesu prsa i zabataka te TBARS vrijednosti kao pokazatelji oksidacijskih procesa u mesu (svježe i čuvano 28 dana na -20°C). Prosječne težine trupova brojlera od proizvođača A i B bile su 1916 g i 2165 g (P<0,001). Trupovi brojlera proizvođača B imali su statistički značajno veća prsa, batake sa zabacima, krila i leđa (P<0,001). Utvrđeni su veći udjeli kože s masnim tkivom u trupovima brojlera proizvođača A te veći udjeli kostiju u trupovima brojlera proizvođača B (P<0,001). Od pokazatelja tehnološke kakvoće mesa ustanovljene su razlike u boji mesa zabataka (CIE b*, P=0,03). Vrijednosti pokazatelja pH, gubitka mesnog soka, električne provodljivosti, kala kuhanja i WBSF, nisu se razlikovale između mesa obje skupine brojlera (P>0,05). Utvrđeni su nepovoljni omjeri ∑n-6 PUFA/∑n-3 PUFA u mesu brojlera kod oba proizvođača. Statistički značajne razlike između proizvođača A i B utvrđene su za vrijednosti TBARS-a u uzorcima smrznutog mesa zabataka (P<0,05). Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na to da je pileće meso na domaćem tržištu dobre tehnološke kakvoće, no da bi proizvođači trebali adekvatnijom hranidbom poboljšati profil masnih kiselina u brojlerskom mesu.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87316022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Janječić, Zdravko Banovec, Zlata Kralik, Dalibor Bedeković
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi pojavnost oštećenja prsne kosti kod kokoši nesilica držanih u obogaćenim kavezima, štalskom višeetažnom sustavu te slobodnom sustavu držanja. Istraživanje je provedeno od strane 4 palpatora kojima je slučajnim odabirom nesilica iz svakog od tri sustava držanja bilo dodijeljeno 16 istih kokoši nesilica, ukupno 48 kokoši po svakom palpatoru. Pojavnost lomova prsne kosti bila je u volijerama 81,25 %, kod slobodnog sustava 57,75 %, a kod obogaćenih kaveza 17,19 %. Devijacije prsnih kosti su bile najizraženije kod držanja u obogaćenim kavezima (78,13 %), zatim kod držanja u volijerama (65,63 %) te kod slobodnog sustava držanja (57,81 %). Rezultati pokazuju da su u prosjeku mjesta loma kod obogaćenih kaveza i slobodnog sustava pozicionirana u zadnjoj trećini prsne kosti, dok su kod štalskog višeetažnog sustava lomovi u prosjeku bili locirani u središnjem dijelu prsne kosti. Devijacije su kod sva tri sustava držanja kokoši nesilica bile prisutne na prijelazu iz prednje u srednju trećinu prsne kosti. Dobiveni rezultati u provedenom istraživanju potvrđuju dosadašnje spoznaje o smanjenoj dobrobiti kokoši nesilica u obogaćenim kavezima glede devijacije i lomova prsne kosti u alternativnim sustavima držanja. Potrebno je provesti daljnja istraživanja koja bi uključila i utjecaj ovih oštećenja na proizvodnost kokoši nesilica.
{"title":"Utjecaj načina držanja na oštećenje prsne kosti kokoši nesilica","authors":"Z. Janječić, Zdravko Banovec, Zlata Kralik, Dalibor Bedeković","doi":"10.31727/m.24.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31727/m.24.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi pojavnost oštećenja prsne kosti kod kokoši nesilica držanih u obogaćenim kavezima, štalskom višeetažnom sustavu te slobodnom sustavu držanja. Istraživanje je provedeno od strane 4 palpatora kojima je slučajnim odabirom nesilica iz svakog od tri sustava držanja bilo dodijeljeno 16 istih kokoši nesilica, ukupno 48 kokoši po svakom palpatoru. Pojavnost lomova prsne kosti bila je u volijerama 81,25 %, kod slobodnog sustava 57,75 %, a kod obogaćenih kaveza 17,19 %. Devijacije prsnih kosti su bile najizraženije kod držanja u obogaćenim kavezima (78,13 %), zatim kod držanja u volijerama (65,63 %) te kod slobodnog sustava držanja (57,81 %). Rezultati pokazuju da su u prosjeku mjesta loma kod obogaćenih kaveza i slobodnog sustava pozicionirana u zadnjoj trećini prsne kosti, dok su kod štalskog višeetažnog sustava lomovi u prosjeku bili locirani u središnjem dijelu prsne kosti. Devijacije su kod sva tri sustava držanja kokoši nesilica bile prisutne na prijelazu iz prednje u srednju trećinu prsne kosti. Dobiveni rezultati u provedenom istraživanju potvrđuju dosadašnje spoznaje o smanjenoj dobrobiti kokoši nesilica u obogaćenim kavezima glede devijacije i lomova prsne kosti u alternativnim sustavima držanja. Potrebno je provesti daljnja istraživanja koja bi uključila i utjecaj ovih oštećenja na proizvodnost kokoši nesilica.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88219049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Die Isolierung von Curcuminoiden aus Kurkuma (Curcuma longa L.) wurde durch verschiedene Extraktionsmethoden und Lösungsmittel durchgeführt. Die erhaltenen Extrakte wurden mittels HPLC auf den Gehalt an Curcumin, Demethoxycurcumin und Bisdemethoxycurcumin analysiert. Darüber hinaus wurde das Einfangen freier Radikale und die antibakterielle Aktivität der Extrakte ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der höchste Ertrag des Extrakts durch herkömmliche Extraktion unter Rühren in Ethanol erzielt wird, was zur höchsten Konzentration an Curcuminoiden führt. Alle erhaltenen Extrakte zeigen starke antimykotische Eigenschaften, aber eine geringe antibakterielle Aktivität.
{"title":"Isolation, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of curcuminoids from Curcuma longa L.","authors":"Tina Perko","doi":"10.31727/m.24.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31727/m.24.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Die Isolierung von Curcuminoiden aus Kurkuma (Curcuma longa L.) wurde durch verschiedene Extraktionsmethoden und Lösungsmittel durchgeführt. Die erhaltenen Extrakte wurden mittels HPLC auf den Gehalt an Curcumin, Demethoxycurcumin und Bisdemethoxycurcumin analysiert. Darüber hinaus wurde das Einfangen freier Radikale und die antibakterielle Aktivität der Extrakte ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der höchste Ertrag des Extrakts durch herkömmliche Extraktion unter Rühren in Ethanol erzielt wird, was zur höchsten Konzentration an Curcuminoiden führt. Alle erhaltenen Extrakte zeigen starke antimykotische Eigenschaften, aber eine geringe antibakterielle Aktivität.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82861177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasmina Redžovoić, Ćazim Crnkić, Muhamed Smajlović, Dinaida Tahirović
Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati utjecaj termičke obrade kuhanjem na sadržaj željeza (Fe), cinka (Zn), bakra (Cu) i magnezija (Mg) u mišićnom tkivu i jetri junadi u ovisnosti od sustava tova iz kojeg životinje potječu. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorcima mišićnog tkiva (but i plećka) i jetre junadi u dobi od 9 do 12 mjeseci koja su tovljena ekstenzivno (n=12) ili intenzivno (n=12). Svaki uzorak je podijeljen na dva jednaka dijela od kojih je jedan analiziran u sirovom stanju, a drugi nakon termičke obrade kuhanjem u vodi na 100°C. Rezultati su iskazani u apsolutno suhoj tvari mesa. Sadržaj pepela (mineralnog ostataka) u termički obrađenim uzorcima bio je smanjen u odnosu na sirove uzorke, ali to nije bilo praćeno značajmeso junadi, termička obrada, minerali nim promjenama u sadržaju Fe, Zn i Cu u mišićnom tkivu, niti promjenama Zn i Cu u jetri. Termička obrada dovela je do smanjenja sadržaja Mg u svim ispitivanim partijama mesa (za 40-50%), a do smanjenja sadržaja Fe došlo je samo u jetri (za 25-42 %). Učinak termičke obrade na sadržaj ispitivanih minerala u mišićnom tkivu i jetri bio je neovisan od sustava tova, iako su razlike po sustavu tova bile evidentne kod svih ispitivanih minerala, osim kod Fe. Sadržaj Zn u mišićnom tkivu buta junadi iz ekstenzivnog tova bio je manji, a sadržaj Cu veći u odnosu na uzorke buta iz intenzivnog sustava tova. Suprotno od buta, u jetri je sadržaj Cu bio veći kod junadi iz intenzivnog tova. U svim ispitivanim partijama mesa iz ekstenzivnog tova sadržaj Mg je bio značajno veći nego kod junadi iz intenzivnog tova.
{"title":"Utjecaj termičke obrade na sadržaj željeza, cinka, bakra i magnezija u mesu junadi iz intenzivnog i ekstenzivnog tova","authors":"Jasmina Redžovoić, Ćazim Crnkić, Muhamed Smajlović, Dinaida Tahirović","doi":"10.31727/m.24.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31727/m.24.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Cilj ovog rada bio je ispitati utjecaj termičke obrade kuhanjem na sadržaj željeza (Fe), cinka (Zn), bakra (Cu) i magnezija (Mg) u mišićnom tkivu i jetri junadi u ovisnosti od sustava tova iz kojeg životinje potječu. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorcima mišićnog tkiva (but i plećka) i jetre junadi u dobi od 9 do 12 mjeseci koja su tovljena ekstenzivno (n=12) ili intenzivno (n=12). Svaki uzorak je podijeljen na dva jednaka dijela od kojih je jedan analiziran u sirovom stanju, a drugi nakon termičke obrade kuhanjem u vodi na 100°C. Rezultati su iskazani u apsolutno suhoj tvari mesa. Sadržaj pepela (mineralnog ostataka) u termički obrađenim uzorcima bio je smanjen u odnosu na sirove uzorke, ali to nije bilo praćeno značajmeso junadi, termička obrada, minerali nim promjenama u sadržaju Fe, Zn i Cu u mišićnom tkivu, niti promjenama Zn i Cu u jetri. Termička obrada dovela je do smanjenja sadržaja Mg u svim ispitivanim partijama mesa (za 40-50%), a do smanjenja sadržaja Fe došlo je samo u jetri (za 25-42 %). Učinak termičke obrade na sadržaj ispitivanih minerala u mišićnom tkivu i jetri bio je neovisan od sustava tova, iako su razlike po sustavu tova bile evidentne kod svih ispitivanih minerala, osim kod Fe. Sadržaj Zn u mišićnom tkivu buta junadi iz ekstenzivnog tova bio je manji, a sadržaj Cu veći u odnosu na uzorke buta iz intenzivnog sustava tova. Suprotno od buta, u jetri je sadržaj Cu bio veći kod junadi iz intenzivnog tova. U svim ispitivanim partijama mesa iz ekstenzivnog tova sadržaj Mg je bio značajno veći nego kod junadi iz intenzivnog tova.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81525971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mateja Jež Rogelj, Tihana Kovačiček, Lari Hadelan, Ornella Mikuš
Dobrobit životinja se u EU promiče zadnjih četrdesetak godina dok je u Hrvatskoj veći značaj dobila 2018. godine početkom provedbe Mjere 14 (M14). M14 podržava više standarde u uzgoju stoke od uobičajenih iz četiri područja dobrobiti (poboljšana hranidba, poboljšani uvjeti smještaja, pristup na otvoreno, poboljšana skrb) za pet stočarskih sektora: govedarstvo, svinjogojstvo, peradarstvo, kozarstvo i ovčarstvo. Cilj rada je prikazati izmjene kod aktivnosti koje se podupiru, iznosima plaćanja i pravilima kroz prethodno i buduće programsko razdoblje Zajedničke poljoprivredne politike (ZPP). U promatranom je razdoblju u svim sektorima došlo do povećanja iznosa plaćanja po uvjetnom grlu (UG), dok su u svinjogojstvu, kozarstvu i ovčarstvu uvedene i neke nove vrste plaćanja u odnosu na početnu 2018. godinu. Kod aktivnosti obogaćivanje ležišta u govedarstvu su povećane potrebne količine slame/stelje, dok je kod svih sektora povećano potrebno vrijeme izobrazbe s četiri na 6 sati godišnje. Smatra se da će veći iznosi potpora potaknuti veće zanimanje i uključivanje poljoprivrednika u ovakav sustav uzgoja.
{"title":"Dobrobit životinja u Hrvatskoj kroz prethodno (2014.-2020.) i buduće (2023.-2027.) programsko razdoblje ZPP-a","authors":"Mateja Jež Rogelj, Tihana Kovačiček, Lari Hadelan, Ornella Mikuš","doi":"10.31727/m.24.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31727/m.24.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Dobrobit životinja se u EU promiče zadnjih četrdesetak godina dok je u Hrvatskoj veći značaj dobila 2018. godine početkom provedbe Mjere 14 (M14). M14 podržava više standarde u uzgoju stoke od uobičajenih iz četiri područja dobrobiti (poboljšana hranidba, poboljšani uvjeti smještaja, pristup na otvoreno, poboljšana skrb) za pet stočarskih sektora: govedarstvo, svinjogojstvo, peradarstvo, kozarstvo i ovčarstvo. Cilj rada je prikazati izmjene kod aktivnosti koje se podupiru, iznosima plaćanja i pravilima kroz prethodno i buduće programsko razdoblje Zajedničke poljoprivredne politike (ZPP). U promatranom je razdoblju u svim sektorima došlo do povećanja iznosa plaćanja po uvjetnom grlu (UG), dok su u svinjogojstvu, kozarstvu i ovčarstvu uvedene i neke nove vrste plaćanja u odnosu na početnu 2018. godinu. Kod aktivnosti obogaćivanje ležišta u govedarstvu su povećane potrebne količine slame/stelje, dok je kod svih sektora povećano potrebno vrijeme izobrazbe s četiri na 6 sati godišnje. Smatra se da će veći iznosi potpora potaknuti veće zanimanje i uključivanje poljoprivrednika u ovakav sustav uzgoja.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88642936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Supply Chain and logistics operations are high-cost operations that require planning to keep costs minimum. One of the most crucial supply chain stages is the distribution stage, including delivering products to retailers and/or customers. The problem of products’ distribution consumes considerable amounts of time and money and is modeled in many situations as a Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). In this paper, servicing and provision of power transactions to an electric micro-grid using a fleet of mobile energy storage systems (MESSs) during a specific time horizon is targeted using the developed model for the well-known Capacitated VRP with Time Windows (CVRPTW). The process of servicing power transactions of an electric micro-grid is repeated for each station periodically, which results in a problem known as periodic VRP (PVRP). The MESSs in the developed model do not necessarily return back to their original trip starting point (depot); hence, the problem at hand is considered as Open-Route as well. Therefore, the Open Route Capacitated Periodic VRP with Time Windows (OCPVRPTW) is studied in this paper. The model is formulated and solved using commercial software to obtain exact solutions to the tackled problem instances. For future work and due to the combinatorial nature of the problem, Ant Colony Optimization will be used to solve larger instances of the problem.
{"title":"Solving the Open Route Capacitated Periodic Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows to Service Microgrids Powered by Uncertain Renewable Generation","authors":"Waleed Shawky, Ahmed E. Azab, S. Kassem","doi":"10.1115/msec2022-81991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-81991","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Supply Chain and logistics operations are high-cost operations that require planning to keep costs minimum. One of the most crucial supply chain stages is the distribution stage, including delivering products to retailers and/or customers. The problem of products’ distribution consumes considerable amounts of time and money and is modeled in many situations as a Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). In this paper, servicing and provision of power transactions to an electric micro-grid using a fleet of mobile energy storage systems (MESSs) during a specific time horizon is targeted using the developed model for the well-known Capacitated VRP with Time Windows (CVRPTW). The process of servicing power transactions of an electric micro-grid is repeated for each station periodically, which results in a problem known as periodic VRP (PVRP). The MESSs in the developed model do not necessarily return back to their original trip starting point (depot); hence, the problem at hand is considered as Open-Route as well. Therefore, the Open Route Capacitated Periodic VRP with Time Windows (OCPVRPTW) is studied in this paper. The model is formulated and solved using commercial software to obtain exact solutions to the tackled problem instances. For future work and due to the combinatorial nature of the problem, Ant Colony Optimization will be used to solve larger instances of the problem.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"244 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73589502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bulk metallic glass (BMG), a comparatively new engineering material, is gaining popularity for its amorphous structure, improved mechanical properties, (i.e., high elasticity, hardness, and fracture toughness), and corrosion resistance. Some of the recent and prospective areas of applications of BMGs include biomedical implants, nuclear reactor, and space and electronic applications. As a result, machinability and surface treatment of BMGs have become an important area of research. In this study, a nanosecond laser with 1064 nm wavelength is used to modify the surface of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass Vitreloy 1b. (Zr67Cul0.6Ni9.8Ti8.8Be3.8). The effects of laser pulse energy level and the lens-to-sample distance on the crater and slot forming are assessed. Single shot mode of the laser system is used to generate craters, and totally six laser pulse energy levels are used. In addition, three lens-to-sample distance values are selected. These six energy levels are 0.053 J, 0.122 J, 0.296 J, 0.415 J, 0.526 J, and 0.662 J. The three different lens-to-sample distance values are 150 mm, 170 mm, and 190 mm. The focal length of the lens is 150 mm. Continuous shot mode of the laser system is used to machine slots on the BMG. For slot forming, two energy levels (0.296 J and 0.662 J) and two distance values between the lens and the workpiece (150 mm and 190 mm) along with two different overlapping ratios (0.75 and 0.95) are used. An interesting observation on the modified surface of BMG is the ripple formation at the edge of the craters, while the center of the crater has comparatively a smoother surface. The modified surface using focal length (150 mm) generated craters with higher number of wrinkles or ripples at the edge compared to the other distances between the lens and the workpiece. The characteristic of formation of ripples remains the same for slot forming also, although the intensity of ripple formation or number of ripples is decreased. Finally, a 3D surface profilometer is used to study the variation of crater depth with laser parameters. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses are used to investigate surface topography, ripple formation, surface modification, and laser-induced elemental composition on the BMG surfaces.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Nanosecond Laser Modification of Bulk Metallic Glass","authors":"J. Ma, M. P. Jahan, S. Lei, Mark Gueli","doi":"10.1115/msec2022-86075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-86075","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Bulk metallic glass (BMG), a comparatively new engineering material, is gaining popularity for its amorphous structure, improved mechanical properties, (i.e., high elasticity, hardness, and fracture toughness), and corrosion resistance. Some of the recent and prospective areas of applications of BMGs include biomedical implants, nuclear reactor, and space and electronic applications. As a result, machinability and surface treatment of BMGs have become an important area of research. In this study, a nanosecond laser with 1064 nm wavelength is used to modify the surface of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass Vitreloy 1b. (Zr67Cul0.6Ni9.8Ti8.8Be3.8). The effects of laser pulse energy level and the lens-to-sample distance on the crater and slot forming are assessed. Single shot mode of the laser system is used to generate craters, and totally six laser pulse energy levels are used. In addition, three lens-to-sample distance values are selected. These six energy levels are 0.053 J, 0.122 J, 0.296 J, 0.415 J, 0.526 J, and 0.662 J. The three different lens-to-sample distance values are 150 mm, 170 mm, and 190 mm. The focal length of the lens is 150 mm. Continuous shot mode of the laser system is used to machine slots on the BMG. For slot forming, two energy levels (0.296 J and 0.662 J) and two distance values between the lens and the workpiece (150 mm and 190 mm) along with two different overlapping ratios (0.75 and 0.95) are used. An interesting observation on the modified surface of BMG is the ripple formation at the edge of the craters, while the center of the crater has comparatively a smoother surface. The modified surface using focal length (150 mm) generated craters with higher number of wrinkles or ripples at the edge compared to the other distances between the lens and the workpiece. The characteristic of formation of ripples remains the same for slot forming also, although the intensity of ripple formation or number of ripples is decreased. Finally, a 3D surface profilometer is used to study the variation of crater depth with laser parameters. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses are used to investigate surface topography, ripple formation, surface modification, and laser-induced elemental composition on the BMG surfaces.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77244595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Adrian, Satchit Ramnath, Sai Chandu Sunkara, Y. Korkolis, J. Davidson, J. Shah
There are many sources of manufacturing variations in sheet metal assemblies, such as automotive bodies. These include non-isotropic material properties from cold rolling, springback in stamping, and distortion from residual stresses when components are clamped and spot welded. FE simulations have been used to predict these variations in order to better design tooling and processes. Such simulations require expertise in complex, multi-stage nonlinear analysis. We are investigating the feasibility of training machine learning algorithms in order to democratize these types of analyses. This requires the curation of large, validated, and balanced data sets. To this end, we have developed a multi-stage finite element simulation workflow encompassing component stamping and joining with a focus on examining deformations due to springback in two-part assemblies. Three connected simulations comprise the workflow: (1) component stamping with capture of springback, (2) assembly clamping, and (3) assembly joining, then release. The workflow utilizes explicit dynamic finite element analysis (FEA) and includes the transfer of intermediate solutions (geometries/stresses), as well as extraction of key geometric parameters of springback from both component- and assembly-level simulations. The NUMISHEET 1993 U-draw/bending benchmark was referenced for its tooling geometry and utilized for verification of the forming process simulation; variations of material and geometry were also simulated. In summary, this work provides a means of generating a design space of flexible two-part assemblies for applications such as dataset generation, design optimization, and machine learning.
在钣金组件中有许多制造变化的来源，例如汽车车身。这些包括冷轧时的非各向同性材料特性，冲压时的回弹，以及零件夹紧和点焊时的残余应力造成的变形。有限元模拟已用于预测这些变化，以便更好地设计工具和工艺。这样的模拟需要复杂的、多阶段的非线性分析方面的专业知识。我们正在研究训练机器学习算法的可行性，以便使这些类型的分析大众化。这就需要管理大型的、经过验证的、平衡的数据集。为此，我们开发了一个多阶段的有限元模拟工作流程，包括组件冲压和连接，重点是检查两部分组件中由于回弹引起的变形。三个连接的模拟包括工作流程:(1)组件冲压与回弹捕获，(2)装配夹紧，(3)装配连接，然后释放。该工作流程利用明确的动态有限元分析(FEA)，包括中间解决方案(几何形状/应力)的传递，以及从组件和装配级模拟中提取回弹的关键几何参数。参考NUMISHEET 1993 u -拉伸/弯曲基准的模具几何形状，并用于成形过程仿真的验证;材料和几何形状的变化也进行了模拟。总之，这项工作提供了一种为数据集生成、设计优化和机器学习等应用生成灵活的两部分组件的设计空间的方法。
{"title":"Curating Datasets of Flexible Assemblies to Predict Spring-Back Behavior for Machine Learning Purposes","authors":"Alex Adrian, Satchit Ramnath, Sai Chandu Sunkara, Y. Korkolis, J. Davidson, J. Shah","doi":"10.1115/msec2022-85718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-85718","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There are many sources of manufacturing variations in sheet metal assemblies, such as automotive bodies. These include non-isotropic material properties from cold rolling, springback in stamping, and distortion from residual stresses when components are clamped and spot welded. FE simulations have been used to predict these variations in order to better design tooling and processes. Such simulations require expertise in complex, multi-stage nonlinear analysis. We are investigating the feasibility of training machine learning algorithms in order to democratize these types of analyses. This requires the curation of large, validated, and balanced data sets. To this end, we have developed a multi-stage finite element simulation workflow encompassing component stamping and joining with a focus on examining deformations due to springback in two-part assemblies. Three connected simulations comprise the workflow: (1) component stamping with capture of springback, (2) assembly clamping, and (3) assembly joining, then release. The workflow utilizes explicit dynamic finite element analysis (FEA) and includes the transfer of intermediate solutions (geometries/stresses), as well as extraction of key geometric parameters of springback from both component- and assembly-level simulations. The NUMISHEET 1993 U-draw/bending benchmark was referenced for its tooling geometry and utilized for verification of the forming process simulation; variations of material and geometry were also simulated. In summary, this work provides a means of generating a design space of flexible two-part assemblies for applications such as dataset generation, design optimization, and machine learning.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76696053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A simple strategy for the reduction of vibrations during robotic milling is proposed. Here, the vibrations are reduced through a sinusoidal variation of the spindle speed as has been done in machine tools. Experimental results show a significant reduction in the measured forces. Furthermore, an improvement of the generated surfaces through modulation of the spindle speed is observed. Based on the experimental results, a simple empirically-based control strategy for the on-line detection and reduction of vibrations through spindle speed modulation is implemented. On-line detection of vibrations is achieved through comparison of the measured and the expected forces, which are calculated using a mechanistic milling force model.
{"title":"Vibration Reduction in Robotic Milling Through Spindle Speed Modulation","authors":"Dominic Huschke, S. Melkote","doi":"10.1115/msec2022-85024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-85024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A simple strategy for the reduction of vibrations during robotic milling is proposed. Here, the vibrations are reduced through a sinusoidal variation of the spindle speed as has been done in machine tools. Experimental results show a significant reduction in the measured forces. Furthermore, an improvement of the generated surfaces through modulation of the spindle speed is observed. Based on the experimental results, a simple empirically-based control strategy for the on-line detection and reduction of vibrations through spindle speed modulation is implemented. On-line detection of vibrations is achieved through comparison of the measured and the expected forces, which are calculated using a mechanistic milling force model.","PeriodicalId":23676,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2: Manufacturing Processes; Manufacturing Systems; Nano/Micro/Meso Manufacturing; Quality and Reliability","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82454894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：