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Chiral fiber supramolecular hydrogels for tissue engineering. 组织工程用手性纤维超分子水凝胶。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1847
Xueqian Wang, Chuanliang Feng

Tissue engineering (TE), as a new interdisciplinary discipline, aims to develop biological substitutes for repairing damaged tissues and organs. For the success of tissue regeneration, such biomaterials need to support the physiological activities of cells and allow the growth and maturation of tissues. Naturally, this regulation is achieved through the dynamic remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of cells. In recent years, chiral supramolecular hydrogels have shown higher application potential in the TE field than traditional polymer hydrogels due to their dynamic noncovalent interactions, adjustable self-assembly structure, and good biocompatibility. These advantages make it possible to construct hydrogels under physiological conditions with structure and function similar to those of the natural ECM. Meanwhile, the chiral characteristics of hydrogels play an important role in regulating cellular activities such as differentiation, adhesion, and proliferation, which is beneficial for tissue formation. In this review, a brief introduction is presented to highlight the importance of chiral fiber supramolecular hydrogels for TE at first. Afterward, the considerations for chiral supramolecular hydrogel design, as well as the influence of external stimuli on chiral hydrogel construction, are discussed. Finally, the potential application prospects of these materials in TE and the significant contribution made by our group in this field are summarized. This review not only helps to reveal the importance of chiral properties in TE but also provides new strategies for TE research based on chiral bionic microenvironments. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Peptide-Based Structures Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Cells at the Nanoscale Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.

组织工程(Tissue engineering, TE)是一门新兴的交叉学科,旨在开发生物替代品来修复受损组织和器官。为了组织再生的成功,这些生物材料需要支持细胞的生理活动,并允许组织的生长和成熟。自然,这种调节是通过细胞外基质(ECM)的动态重塑来实现的。近年来,手性超分子水凝胶由于其动态的非共价相互作用、可调节的自组装结构和良好的生物相容性,在TE领域显示出比传统聚合物水凝胶更大的应用潜力。这些优点使得在生理条件下构建具有与天然ECM相似结构和功能的水凝胶成为可能。同时,水凝胶的手性特性在调节细胞的分化、粘附、增殖等活动中发挥重要作用,有利于组织的形成。本文首先简要介绍了手性纤维超分子水凝胶在TE中的重要性。然后,讨论了手性超分子水凝胶设计的考虑因素,以及外界刺激对手性水凝胶构建的影响。最后总结了这些材料在TE领域的潜在应用前景以及本课题组在该领域的重大贡献。这一综述不仅有助于揭示手性特性在TE中的重要性,也为基于手性仿生微环境的TE研究提供了新的策略。本文分类如下:植入式材料和外科技术>组织修复和替代中的纳米技术-受生物学启发的纳米材料>肽基结构纳米技术生物学方法>纳米级细胞治疗方法和药物发现>新兴技术。
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引用次数: 20
High spin Fe(III)-doped nanostructures as T1 MR imaging probes. 高自旋Fe(III)掺杂纳米结构作为T1磁共振成像探针。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1858
Mauro Botta, Carlos F G C Geraldes, Lorenzo Tei

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) T1 contrast agents based on Fe(III) as an alternative to Gd-based compounds have been under intense scrutiny in the last 6-8 years and a number of nanostructures have been designed and proposed for in vivo diagnostic and theranostic applications. Excluding the large family of superparamagnetic iron oxides widely used as T2 -MR imaging agents that will not be covered by this review, a considerable number and type of nanoparticles (NPs) have been employed, ranging from amphiphilic polymer-based NPs, NPs containing polyphenolic binding units such as melanin-like or polycatechols, mixed metals such as Fe/Gd or Fe/Au NPs and perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions. Iron(III) exhibits several favorable magnetic properties, high biocompatibility and improved toxicity profile that place it as the paramagnetic ion of choice for the next generation of nanosized MRI and theranostic contrast agents. An analysis of the examples reported in the last decade will show the opportunities for relaxivity and MR-contrast enhancement optimization that could bring Fe(III)-doped NPs to really compete with Gd(III)-based nanosystems. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.

在过去的6-8年里,基于Fe(III)的磁共振成像(MRI) T1造影剂作为gd基化合物的替代品受到了严格的审查,许多纳米结构已经被设计和提出用于体内诊断和治疗应用。除了广泛用作T2 -MR显像剂的超顺磁性氧化铁(本文将不涉及)外,已经采用了相当数量和类型的纳米颗粒(NPs),包括基于两亲性聚合物的NPs,含有多酚结合单元(如黑色素样或多儿茶酚)的NPs,混合金属(如Fe/Gd或Fe/Au NPs)和全氟碳纳米乳液。铁(III)具有几种良好的磁性,高生物相容性和改进的毒性特征,使其成为下一代纳米核磁共振成像和治疗造影剂的顺磁性离子选择。对过去十年中报道的例子的分析将显示出弛豫度和mr对比度增强优化的机会,这可能使Fe(III)掺杂的纳米粒子真正与Gd(III)基纳米系统竞争。本文分类如下:诊断工具>体内纳米诊断和成像诊断工具>诊断纳米设备治疗方法和药物发现>肿瘤疾病的纳米医学。
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引用次数: 2
Nonviral nanoparticle gene delivery into the CNS for neurological disorders and brain cancer applications. 将非病毒纳米粒子基因递送到中枢神经系统,用于神经疾病和脑癌症应用。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1853
Joanna Yang, Kathryn M Luly, Jordan J Green

Nonviral nanoparticles have emerged as an attractive alternative to viral vectors for gene therapy applications, utilizing a range of lipid-based, polymeric, and inorganic materials. These materials can either encapsulate or be functionalized to bind nucleic acids and protect them from degradation. To effectively elicit changes to gene expression, the nanoparticle carrier needs to undergo a series of steps intracellularly, from interacting with the cellular membrane to facilitate cellular uptake to endosomal escape and nucleic acid release. Adjusting physiochemical properties of the nanoparticles, such as size, charge, and targeting ligands, can improve cellular uptake and ultimately gene delivery. Applications in the central nervous system (CNS; i.e., neurological diseases, brain cancers) face further extracellular barriers for a gene-carrying nanoparticle to surpass, with the most significant being the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Approaches to overcome these extracellular challenges to deliver nanoparticles into the CNS include systemic, intracerebroventricular, intrathecal, and intranasal administration. This review describes and compares different biomaterials for nonviral nanoparticle-mediated gene therapy to the CNS and explores challenges and recent preclinical and clinical developments in overcoming barriers to nanoparticle-mediated delivery to the brain. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.

非病毒纳米颗粒已成为基因治疗应用中病毒载体的一种有吸引力的替代品,利用了一系列基于脂质的、聚合物和无机材料。这些材料可以封装或功能化以结合核酸并保护它们免受降解。为了有效地引起基因表达的变化,纳米颗粒载体需要在细胞内经历一系列步骤,从与细胞膜相互作用以促进细胞摄取到内体逃逸和核酸释放。调整纳米颗粒的物理化学性质,如大小、电荷和靶向配体,可以提高细胞摄取并最终提高基因递送。在中枢神经系统(CNS;即神经系统疾病、脑癌)中的应用面临着携带基因的纳米颗粒超越的进一步细胞外屏障,其中最重要的是血脑屏障(BBB)。克服这些细胞外挑战将纳米颗粒输送到中枢神经系统的方法包括全身、侧脑室、鞘内和鼻内给药。这篇综述描述并比较了用于非病毒纳米粒子介导的中枢神经系统基因治疗的不同生物材料,并探讨了在克服纳米粒子介导递送至大脑的障碍方面的挑战以及最近的临床前和临床进展。本文分类为:治疗方法和药物发现>神经疾病的纳米医学治疗方法和药品发现>新兴技术生物学的纳米技术方法>生物学中的纳米系统。
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引用次数: 0
A narrative review on the role of carbon nanoparticles in oncology. 纳米碳在肿瘤学中的作用综述。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1845
Meghan M Watt, Parikshit Moitra, Zach Sheffield, Fatemeh Ostadhossein, Elizabeth A Maxwell, Dipanjan Pan

The lymphatic system is the first site of metastasis for most tumors and is a common reason for the failure of cancer therapy. The lymphatic system's anatomical properties make it difficult to deliver chemotherapy agents at therapeutic concentrations while avoiding systemic toxicity. Carbon nanoparticles offer a promising alternative for identifying and transporting therapeutic molecules. The larger diameter of lymphatic vessels compared to the diameter of blood vessels, allows carbon nanoparticles to selectively enter the lymphatic system once administered subcutaneously. Carbon nanoparticles stain tumor-draining lymph nodes black following intratumoral injection, making them useful in sentinel lymph node mapping. Drug-loaded carbon nanoparticles allow higher concentrations of chemotherapeutics to accumulate in regional lymph nodes while decreasing plasma drug accumulation. The use of carbon nanoparticles for chemotherapy delivery has been associated with lower mortality, fewer histopathology changes in vital organs, and lower serum concentrations of hepatocellular enzymes. This review will focus on the ability of carbon nanoparticles to target the lymphatics as well as their current and potential applications in sentinel lymph node mapping and oncology treatment regimens. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanoscale Tools and Techniques in Surgery.

淋巴系统是大多数肿瘤的第一个转移部位,也是癌症治疗失败的常见原因。淋巴系统的解剖特性使得化疗药物难以达到治疗浓度,同时避免全身毒性。碳纳米颗粒为识别和运输治疗分子提供了一种很有前途的选择。淋巴管的直径比血管的直径大,这使得碳纳米颗粒在皮下注射后可以选择性地进入淋巴系统。在瘤内注射后,碳纳米颗粒将肿瘤引流淋巴结染成黑色,这使得它们在前哨淋巴结定位中很有用。载药碳纳米颗粒允许更高浓度的化疗药物在区域淋巴结积聚,同时减少血浆药物积聚。使用碳纳米颗粒进行化疗可以降低死亡率,减少重要器官的组织病理学改变,降低肝细胞酶的血清浓度。本文将重点介绍碳纳米颗粒靶向淋巴的能力,以及它们在前哨淋巴结定位和肿瘤治疗方案中的当前和潜在应用。本文分类为:植入材料和外科技术>纳米尺度工具和外科技术。
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引用次数: 3
Nanovaccines to combat virus-related diseases. 抗击病毒相关疾病的纳米疫苗。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1857
Fuhua Wu, Ming Qin, Hairui Wang, Xun Sun

The invention and application of vaccines have made tremendous contributions to fight against pandemics for human beings. However, current vaccines still have shortcomings such as insufficient cellular immunity, the lack of cross-protection, and the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Thus, the prevention and control of pandemic viruses including Ebola Virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Influenza A viruses, Zika, and current SARS-CoV-2 are still extremely challenging. Nanoparticles with unique physical, chemical, and biological properties, hold promising potentials for the development of ideal vaccines against these viral infections. Moreover, the approval of the first nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccine BNT162b has established historic milestones that greatly inspired the clinical translation of nanovaccines. Given the safety and extensive application of subunit vaccines, and the rapid rise of mRNA vaccines, this review mainly focuses on these two vaccine strategies and provides an overview of the nanoparticle-based vaccine delivery platforms to tackle the current and next global health challenges. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.

疫苗的发明和应用为人类防治流行病作出了巨大贡献。然而,目前的疫苗仍然存在缺陷,如细胞免疫不足、缺乏交叉保护和抗体依赖性增强(ADE)的风险。因此,预防和控制包括埃博拉病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、甲型流感病毒、寨卡病毒和目前的SARS-CoV-2在内的大流行性病毒仍然极具挑战性。纳米粒子具有独特的物理、化学和生物特性,在开发针对这些病毒感染的理想疫苗方面具有很大的潜力。此外,首个基于纳米颗粒的mRNA疫苗BNT162b的批准建立了历史性的里程碑,极大地启发了纳米疫苗的临床翻译。鉴于亚单位疫苗的安全性和广泛应用,以及mRNA疫苗的迅速崛起,本综述主要关注这两种疫苗策略,并概述了基于纳米颗粒的疫苗递送平台,以应对当前和未来的全球卫生挑战。本文分类如下:治疗方法和药物发现>传染病纳米医学治疗方法和药物发现>新兴技术。
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引用次数: 3
Current development of cabazitaxel drug delivery systems. 卡巴他赛给药系统的发展现状。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1854
Boyang Sun, Jonathan F Lovell, Yumiao Zhang

The second-generation taxane cabazitaxel has been clinically approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after docetaxel failure. Compared with the first-generation taxanes paclitaxel and docetaxel, cabazitaxel has potent anticancer activity and is less prone to drug resistance due to its lower affinity for the P-gp efflux pump. The relatively high hydrophobicity of cabazitaxel and the poor aqueous colloidal stability of the commercial formulation, following its preparation for injection, presents opportunities for new cabazitaxel formulations with improved features. This review provides an overview of cabazitaxel drug formulations and hydrophobic taxane drug delivery systems in general, and particularly focuses on emerging cabazitaxel delivery systems discovered in the past 5 years. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.

第二代紫杉烷类卡巴他赛已被临床批准用于治疗多西他赛失败后转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌。与第一代紫杉醇类紫杉醇和多西紫杉醇相比,卡巴他赛对P-gp外排泵的亲和力较低,具有较强的抗癌活性,不易产生耐药。卡巴他赛相对较高的疏水性和商业制剂较差的水胶体稳定性,在其制备用于注射后,为具有改进特性的卡巴他赛新制剂提供了机会。本文综述了卡巴他赛药物配方和疏水性紫杉烷给药系统的总体情况,并特别关注了过去5年来发现的新卡巴他赛给药系统。本文的分类如下:治疗方法和药物发现>肿瘤疾病的纳米医学治疗方法和药物发现>新兴技术。
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引用次数: 7
Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology applications of magnetoelectric nanoparticles. 磁电纳米粒子的纳米医学和纳米生物技术应用。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1849
Isadora Takako Smith, Elric Zhang, Yagmur Akin Yildirim, Manuel Alberteris Campos, Mostafa Abdel-Mottaleb, Burak Yildirim, Zeinab Ramezani, Victoria Louise Andre, Aidan Scott-Vandeusen, Ping Liang, Sakhrat Khizroev

Unlike any other nanoparticles known to date, magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) can generate relatively strong electric fields locally via the application of magnetic fields and, vice versa, have their magnetization change in response to an electric field from the microenvironment. Hence, MENPs can serve as a wireless two-way interface between man-made devices and physiological systems at the molecular level. With the recent development of room-temperature biocompatible MENPs, a number of novel potential medical applications have emerged. These applications include wireless brain stimulation and mapping/recording of neural activity in real-time, targeted delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), tissue regeneration, high-specificity cancer cures, molecular-level rapid diagnostics, and others. Several independent in vivo studies, using mice and nonhuman primates models, demonstrated the capability to deliver MENPs in the brain across the BBB via intravenous injection or, alternatively, bypassing the BBB via intranasal inhalation of the nanoparticles. Wireless deep brain stimulation with MENPs was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo in different rodents models by several independent groups. High-specificity cancer treatment methods as well as tissue regeneration approaches with MENPs were proposed and demonstrated in in vitro models. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies were dedicated to understand the underlying mechanisms of MENPs-based high-specificity targeted drug delivery via application of d.c. and a.c. magnetic fields. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.

与迄今为止已知的任何其他纳米颗粒不同,磁电纳米颗粒(MENPs)可以通过施加磁场在局部产生相对强大的电场,反之亦然,它们的磁化强度会随着微环境的电场而变化。因此,MENPs可以在分子水平上作为人造设备和生理系统之间的无线双向接口。随着室温生物相容性MENPs的发展,出现了许多新的潜在医疗应用。这些应用包括无线脑刺激和实时绘制/记录神经活动、通过血脑屏障(BBB)的靶向递送、组织再生、高特异性癌症治疗、分子水平快速诊断等。几个独立的体内研究,使用小鼠和非人灵长类动物模型,证明了通过静脉注射或通过鼻内吸入纳米颗粒绕过血脑屏障将MENPs输送到大脑中的能力。几个独立的研究小组在体外和体内对不同啮齿动物模型进行了MENPs无线脑深部刺激的实验。高特异性的癌症治疗方法以及MENPs的组织再生方法被提出并在体外模型中得到证实。许多体外和体内研究致力于了解基于menps的高特异性靶向药物通过施加直流和交流磁场的潜在机制。本文分类如下:纳米技术生物学方法>生物学治疗方法和药物发现的纳米系统>神经系统疾病治疗方法和药物发现的纳米医学>肿瘤疾病治疗方法和药物发现的纳米医学>新兴技术。
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引用次数: 3
Optimal delivery of poorly soluble drugs using electrospun nanofiber technology: Challenges, state of the art, and future directions. 利用电纺纳米纤维技术实现难溶性药物的最佳递送:挑战、现状和未来方向。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1859
Satyanarayan Pattnaik, Kalpana Swain, Seeram Ramakrishna

Poor aqueous solubility of both, existing drug molecules and those which are currently in the developmental stage, have posed a great challenge to pharmaceutical scientists because they often exhibit poor dissolution behavior and subsequent poor and erratic bioavailability. This has triggered extensive research to explore nanotechnology-based technology platforms for possible rescue. Recently, nanofibers have been exploited widely for diverse biomedical applications including for drug delivery. Electrospun nanofibers are capable of preserving the homogeneously loaded therapeutic agents in amorphous state potentialy impairing devitrification. The present review aims at providing an overview of the various key factors that affect the electrospinning process and characteristics of the nanofibers while fabrication of drug loaded nanofibers for poorly soluble drug candidates. The review explores various methodological advancements in the electrospinning process and set-ups for production scale-up. The various types of electrospun nanofibers (like simple matrix, core-sheath, Janus, and inclusion complex nanofibers) that have been exploited for the delivery of poorly soluble drugs are also critically assessed. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.

现有药物分子和目前处于开发阶段的药物分子的水溶性都很差,这给制药科学家带来了巨大的挑战,因为它们往往表现出较差的溶解行为,从而导致较差和不稳定的生物利用度。这引发了广泛的研究,以探索基于纳米技术的技术平台,以实现可能的救援。近年来,纳米纤维已广泛应用于多种生物医学应用,包括药物输送。静电纺丝纳米纤维能够将均匀负载的治疗剂保持在无定形状态,从而可能损害脱氮作用。本文综述了影响静电纺丝工艺和制备耐难溶性候选药物负载纳米纤维性能的各种关键因素。综述探讨了静电纺丝工艺的各种方法进步和生产规模的设置。各种类型的电纺丝纳米纤维(如简单基质、核心鞘、Janus和包涵复合纳米纤维)已被用于输送难溶性药物也进行了严格的评估。本文分类如下:治疗方法与药物发现>新兴技术。
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引用次数: 18
Recent approaches in nanocarrier-based therapies for neglected tropical diseases. 基于纳米载体治疗被忽视热带病的最新方法。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1852
Ana C Mengarda, Bruno Iles, João Paulo F Longo, Josué de Moraes

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) remain major public health problems in developing countries. Reducing the burden of NTDs requires sustained collaborative drug discovery efforts to achieve the goals of the new NTDs roadmap launched by the World Health Organization. Oral drugs are the most convenient choice and usually the safest and least expensive. However, the oral use of some drugs for NTDs treatment has many drawbacks, including toxicity, adverse reactions, drug resistance, drug low solubility, and bioavailability. Since there is an imperative need for novel and more effective drugs to treat the various NTDs, in recent years, several compound-loaded nanoparticles have been prepared with the objective of evaluating their application as an oral drug delivery system for the treatment of NTDs. This review focuses on the various types of nanoparticle drug delivery systems that have been recently used against the major NTDs caused by parasites such as leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and schistosomiasis. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.

被忽视的热带病(NTDs)仍然是发展中国家的主要公共卫生问题。减轻被忽视的热带病的负担需要持续的药物发现合作努力,以实现世界卫生组织发起的新的被忽视的热带病路线图的目标。口服药物是最方便的选择,通常也是最安全、最便宜的。然而,一些口服药物治疗被忽视的热带病存在许多缺点,包括毒性、不良反应、耐药性、药物溶解度低和生物利用度。由于迫切需要新的和更有效的药物来治疗各种被忽视的热带病,近年来,几种负载化合物的纳米颗粒被制备出来,目的是评估它们作为治疗被忽视的热带病的口服给药系统的应用。本文综述了最近用于治疗由寄生虫引起的主要被忽视热带病(如利什曼病、恰加斯病和血吸虫病)的各种类型的纳米颗粒给药系统。本文分类为:治疗方法与药物发现>传染病纳米医学。
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引用次数: 9
New insights in osteoarthritis diagnosis and treatment: Nano-strategies for an improved disease management. 骨关节炎诊断和治疗的新见解:改善疾病管理的纳米策略。
IF 8.6 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1844
Monica Paesa, Teresa Alejo, Felicito Garcia-Alvarez, Manuel Arruebo, Gracia Mendoza
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic joint pathology that has become a predominant cause of disability worldwide. Even though the origin and evolution of OA rely on different factors that are not yet elucidated nor understood, the development of novel strategies to treat OA has emerged in the last years. Cartilage degradation is the main hallmark of the pathology though alterations in bone and synovial inflammation, among other comorbidities, are also involved during OA progression. From a molecular point of view, a vast amount of signaling pathways are implicated in the progression of the disease, opening up a wide plethora of targets to attenuate or even halt OA. The main purpose of this review is to shed light on the recent strategies published based on nanotechnology for the early diagnosis of the disease as well as the most promising nano-enabling therapeutic approaches validated in preclinical models. To address the clinical issue, the key pathways involved in OA initiation and progression are described as the main potential targets for OA prevention and early treatment. Furthermore, an overview of current therapeutic strategies is depicted. Finally, to solve the drawbacks of current treatments, nanobiomedicine has shown demonstrated benefits when using drug delivery systems compared with the administration of the equivalent doses of the free drugs and the potential of disease-modifying OA drugs when using nanosystems. We anticipate that the development of smart and specific bioresponsive and biocompatible nanosystems will provide a solid and promising basis for effective OA early diagnosis and treatment. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement.
骨关节炎(OA)是一种常见的慢性关节病理,已成为世界范围内致残的主要原因。尽管骨性关节炎的起源和演变依赖于尚未阐明或理解的不同因素,但近年来出现了治疗骨性关节炎的新策略。软骨退化是骨性关节炎的主要病理标志,尽管骨和滑膜炎症的改变以及其他合并症也与骨性关节炎进展有关。从分子的角度来看,大量的信号通路与疾病的进展有关,开辟了大量的靶点来减轻甚至停止OA。这篇综述的主要目的是阐明最近发表的基于纳米技术的疾病早期诊断策略,以及在临床前模型中得到验证的最有前途的纳米治疗方法。为了解决临床问题,本文将OA发生和进展的关键途径描述为OA预防和早期治疗的主要潜在靶点。此外,概述了当前的治疗策略。最后,为了解决当前治疗方法的缺点,纳米生物医学在使用药物传递系统时已经显示出与使用同等剂量的游离药物相比的益处,并且在使用纳米系统时具有改善疾病的OA药物的潜力。我们预计,智能和特异性生物反应和生物相容性纳米系统的发展将为有效的OA早期诊断和治疗提供坚实和有希望的基础。本文分类如下:诊断工具>体内纳米诊断和成像植入材料和外科技术>组织修复和替代中的纳米技术。
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引用次数: 4
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