Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2008
Astika Gita Ningrum, Devi Eka Yulvianti
Introduction: Immunization significantly reduces infant and child morbidity and mortality rates globally. However, basic immunization coverage in 65 countries must catch up to the 90% global target. Multiple injection immunization involves administering multiple immunizations in one visit, enhancing early protection during vulnerable periods. This approach reduces the need for multiple health visits, which is particularly beneficial for children facing access barriers. It also improves healthcare efficiency, minimizes missed opportunities, and lessens the burden on parents needing frequent facility visits. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the factors influencing compliance with multiple injection immunization among mothers of toddlers at the Public Health Center Porong Integrated Health Service Post, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia Method: Conducted in March 2024 at Public Health Centre Porong, Indonesia, this study employed a consecutive sampling method. It involved 100 mothers with infants aged 13 to 24 months who had received immunizations at the Post. Data were collected through structured interviews and analyzed to determine compliance rates and associated factors. Result: Among the participants, 91% of mothers were aged between 20 to 35 years, indicating a productive age group. The compliance rate for multiple injection immunization was 61%. Additionally, 74% of mothers had completed high school, suggesting a positive association between higher education and enhanced health decision-making capabilities. A significant proportion of mothers (75%) were not employed, highlighting the influence of occupation on health-related knowledge and practices. Conclusion: The study underscores the necessity for targeted health education initiatives tailored to the diverse demographic and occupational characteristics of mothers. Such interventions should improve maternal knowledge and promote adherence to essential childhood immunizations, leveraging the cognitive advantages associated with higher education and non-working status. This approach aims to foster informed decision-making and proactive health behaviours among mothers in community health settings.
{"title":"Factors influencing compliance with multiple injection immunization among mothers of toddlers at The Public Health Center Porong Integrated Health Service Post, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia: A Descriptive Study","authors":"Astika Gita Ningrum, Devi Eka Yulvianti","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2008","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Immunization significantly reduces infant and child morbidity and mortality rates globally. However, basic immunization coverage in 65 countries must catch up to the 90% global target. Multiple injection immunization involves administering multiple immunizations in one visit, enhancing early protection during vulnerable periods. This approach reduces the need for multiple health visits, which is particularly beneficial for children facing access barriers. It also improves healthcare efficiency, minimizes missed opportunities, and lessens the burden on parents needing frequent facility visits. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the factors influencing compliance with multiple injection immunization among mothers of toddlers at the Public Health Center Porong Integrated Health Service Post, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia Method: Conducted in March 2024 at Public Health Centre Porong, Indonesia, this study employed a consecutive sampling method. It involved 100 mothers with infants aged 13 to 24 months who had received immunizations at the Post. Data were collected through structured interviews and analyzed to determine compliance rates and associated factors. Result: Among the participants, 91% of mothers were aged between 20 to 35 years, indicating a productive age group. The compliance rate for multiple injection immunization was 61%. Additionally, 74% of mothers had completed high school, suggesting a positive association between higher education and enhanced health decision-making capabilities. A significant proportion of mothers (75%) were not employed, highlighting the influence of occupation on health-related knowledge and practices. Conclusion: The study underscores the necessity for targeted health education initiatives tailored to the diverse demographic and occupational characteristics of mothers. Such interventions should improve maternal knowledge and promote adherence to essential childhood immunizations, leveraging the cognitive advantages associated with higher education and non-working status. This approach aims to foster informed decision-making and proactive health behaviours among mothers in community health settings.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2111
Moses Sodiq Sobajo
Artificial Grow Lighting has come to stay in the world of sports. It is becoming popular in the world of sport as a means of providing healthy and aesthetically looking turfs. The need to use this technology arises from several factors that contributes to the deterioration of the grasses on the playing surfaces. These factors include, shadowing caused by shading because of the design of the stadium, thereby not allowing the grass get enough sunlight for the growth of the grass, bad weather conditions: in the winter months when there is little to no sunlight the grasses suffer and ultimately wither away because of lack of sunlight to help them grow healthily. Despite the many benefits of this technology, like prolonging the playability of sports all year round, the technology has its drawbacks and disadvantages. The technology has very significant impacts on the environment. Many of the sports stadium uses high-intensity-discharge (HID) lamps to grow the turfs, these lamps are very bright and energy intensive. This in-turn causes environmental issues like light pollution, energy wastage and carbon emission. The light pollution from the use of artificial grow lighting can cause various degrees of health challenges for humans, and it can disrupt the natural balance in the ecosystem of the locality where the technology is in operation. Furthermore, not only does the technology causes light pollution, it also causes energy wastage as the lamps involved in this technology are energy intensive. It requires a large amount of energy to operate, energy needed in other essential sectors of the economy like agriculture and health sector. Additionally, the technology has other environmental challenges like carbon emission, because the energy used in operating the artificial grow lighting is from non-renewable sources. This study seeks to find out the relationship between artificial grow light and its environmental impacts, putting a focus on light pollution and energy wastage. The research also looks at light pollution laws and energy saving laws to prevent energy wastage, proffering recommendations to reduce and ultimately put an end to the environmental impacts of artificial grow lighting in sports stadiums.
{"title":"Environmental impact (light pollution and energy wastage) of artificial grow lighting to replenish grass pitches in sports stadiums","authors":"Moses Sodiq Sobajo","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2111","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Grow Lighting has come to stay in the world of sports. It is becoming popular in the world of sport as a means of providing healthy and aesthetically looking turfs. The need to use this technology arises from several factors that contributes to the deterioration of the grasses on the playing surfaces. These factors include, shadowing caused by shading because of the design of the stadium, thereby not allowing the grass get enough sunlight for the growth of the grass, bad weather conditions: in the winter months when there is little to no sunlight the grasses suffer and ultimately wither away because of lack of sunlight to help them grow healthily. Despite the many benefits of this technology, like prolonging the playability of sports all year round, the technology has its drawbacks and disadvantages. The technology has very significant impacts on the environment. Many of the sports stadium uses high-intensity-discharge (HID) lamps to grow the turfs, these lamps are very bright and energy intensive. This in-turn causes environmental issues like light pollution, energy wastage and carbon emission. The light pollution from the use of artificial grow lighting can cause various degrees of health challenges for humans, and it can disrupt the natural balance in the ecosystem of the locality where the technology is in operation. Furthermore, not only does the technology causes light pollution, it also causes energy wastage as the lamps involved in this technology are energy intensive. It requires a large amount of energy to operate, energy needed in other essential sectors of the economy like agriculture and health sector. Additionally, the technology has other environmental challenges like carbon emission, because the energy used in operating the artificial grow lighting is from non-renewable sources. This study seeks to find out the relationship between artificial grow light and its environmental impacts, putting a focus on light pollution and energy wastage. The research also looks at light pollution laws and energy saving laws to prevent energy wastage, proffering recommendations to reduce and ultimately put an end to the environmental impacts of artificial grow lighting in sports stadiums.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2135
Ashraf Soliman, ElSaid MA Bedair, Abbas N Moustafa, Fawzia Alyafei, Nada Alaaraj, Noor Hamed, Shayma Ahmed, Ahmed Adel Khalil, Abdelrahman Elsaid Bedair
Introduction: Thalassemia major is a genetic disorder characterized by chronic anemia requiring frequent blood transfusions, leading to iron overload in various organs, including the pituitary gland and brain. MRI is a pivotal tool in assessing the extent of iron deposition and its clinical consequences in these patients. Objective: To summarize the MRI findings related to pituitary and brain changes in thalassemia major and to elucidate their clinical implications based on existing literature. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies that employed MRI to investigate pituitary and brain changes in patients with thalassemia major. Data extracted from these studies included the number of patients, MRI findings, and associated clinical outcomes. Results: The review included studies published between 1998 and 2022. Key findings are as follows: Pituitary Gland Changes: Multiple studies reported reduced pituitary gland volume and signal intensity, correlating with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and delayed puberty. Specific MRI metrics such as pituitary-to-fat signal intensity ratios (SIRs) and pituitary-R2 values were elevated in patients with HH, indicating significant iron overload. Brain Changes: Increased brain T2* values indicative of iron overload was observed. Clinical Associations: The MRI findings were consistently associated with various endocrinal abnormalities, including hypogonadism, short stature, delayed puberty, and growth hormone deficiency. Severe pituitary iron deposition and volume loss were predictive of hypogonadism. Specific studies highlighted the independent progression of iron overload in different organs, emphasizing the importance of organ-specific MRI evaluation. Additional Findings: Notably, iron chelation therapy showed potential benefits in reversing some of the endocrinal and cardiac complications associated with iron overload. Discussion and Conclusions: MRI is a valuable diagnostic tool for detecting iron overload in the pituitary gland and brain in thalassemia major patients. The findings from various studies highlight significant clinical implications, including hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, delayed puberty, and growth hormone deficiency. Regular MRI assessments, along with appropriate chelation therapy, are crucial in managing and mitigating these complications. Further research is needed to establish standardized MRI protocols and improve early diagnosis and treatment outcomes in thalassemia major.
{"title":"MRI changes of the pituitary gland and brain in Thalassemia major: A comprehensive review of clinical implications","authors":"Ashraf Soliman, ElSaid MA Bedair, Abbas N Moustafa, Fawzia Alyafei, Nada Alaaraj, Noor Hamed, Shayma Ahmed, Ahmed Adel Khalil, Abdelrahman Elsaid Bedair","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2135","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Thalassemia major is a genetic disorder characterized by chronic anemia requiring frequent blood transfusions, leading to iron overload in various organs, including the pituitary gland and brain. MRI is a pivotal tool in assessing the extent of iron deposition and its clinical consequences in these patients. Objective: To summarize the MRI findings related to pituitary and brain changes in thalassemia major and to elucidate their clinical implications based on existing literature. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies that employed MRI to investigate pituitary and brain changes in patients with thalassemia major. Data extracted from these studies included the number of patients, MRI findings, and associated clinical outcomes. Results: The review included studies published between 1998 and 2022. Key findings are as follows: Pituitary Gland Changes: Multiple studies reported reduced pituitary gland volume and signal intensity, correlating with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and delayed puberty. Specific MRI metrics such as pituitary-to-fat signal intensity ratios (SIRs) and pituitary-R2 values were elevated in patients with HH, indicating significant iron overload. Brain Changes: Increased brain T2* values indicative of iron overload was observed. Clinical Associations: The MRI findings were consistently associated with various endocrinal abnormalities, including hypogonadism, short stature, delayed puberty, and growth hormone deficiency. Severe pituitary iron deposition and volume loss were predictive of hypogonadism. Specific studies highlighted the independent progression of iron overload in different organs, emphasizing the importance of organ-specific MRI evaluation. Additional Findings: Notably, iron chelation therapy showed potential benefits in reversing some of the endocrinal and cardiac complications associated with iron overload. Discussion and Conclusions: MRI is a valuable diagnostic tool for detecting iron overload in the pituitary gland and brain in thalassemia major patients. The findings from various studies highlight significant clinical implications, including hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, delayed puberty, and growth hormone deficiency. Regular MRI assessments, along with appropriate chelation therapy, are crucial in managing and mitigating these complications. Further research is needed to establish standardized MRI protocols and improve early diagnosis and treatment outcomes in thalassemia major.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2095
Ikuesewo-Akinbami Adebowale, Adeniga Wewe
This article examines the use of tweets, humorous texts, and memes for shaming purposes in the corruption case of Abba Kyari, a Nigerian police chief. Using insights from Arabella Lyon’s notions of agency and performative deliberation, the article argues that internet social media platforms such as Twitter have evolved into powerful cultural sites of protests and resistance for Nigerian users. Findings reveal that cultural forms of communication such as memes, humor, and tweets become tools of shaming used by Nigerian netizens to register online protests in the country. Further, the study reveals that social media platforms have made reallocation of power possible for ordinary Nigerians to have their say on political issues and to stage protests against political corruption and marginalization in society. The study orients Nigerians and others to online protest culture rhetoric in Nigeria and its social and political functions.
{"title":"Shaming in digital discourses in Nigeria: Performative deliberation and agency in abba Kyari’s corruption allegation","authors":"Ikuesewo-Akinbami Adebowale, Adeniga Wewe","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2095","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the use of tweets, humorous texts, and memes for shaming purposes in the corruption case of Abba Kyari, a Nigerian police chief. Using insights from Arabella Lyon’s notions of agency and performative deliberation, the article argues that internet social media platforms such as Twitter have evolved into powerful cultural sites of protests and resistance for Nigerian users. Findings reveal that cultural forms of communication such as memes, humor, and tweets become tools of shaming used by Nigerian netizens to register online protests in the country. Further, the study reveals that social media platforms have made reallocation of power possible for ordinary Nigerians to have their say on political issues and to stage protests against political corruption and marginalization in society. The study orients Nigerians and others to online protest culture rhetoric in Nigeria and its social and political functions.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2110
Blessing OSIE-EFETIE, Joseph OGBE, Emaka A. NWACHUKWU
The study determined the effect of health education intervention on preventive health practices among Christian rural women in Delta State, Nigeria. Six research questions were raised and answered. Six hypotheses formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study. The population of this study consists of 2,718, 145 women in all the 25 Local Government Areas of Delta State. The sample of the study consist of 120 Christian women from six rural communities in six Local Government Area of Delta State. The sample size was drawn from the entire population using a multi-stage sampling technique. Preventive Health Practices Multiple Choice Test (PHPMCT) was used for data collection. Three experts validated the instruments and the reliability was carried out using the test-retest method. The reliability coefficient of 0.850 was obtained for the instrument. To collect data for the study the Health Education Intervention and the control groups were given pre-test using the Preventive Health Practices Multiple Choice Test (PHPMCT). After six weeks of health education intervention, the Preventive Health Practices Multiple Choice Test (PHPMCT) was re-administered to all the participants in both groups. Data were analysed using mean scores and standard deviation scores while the t-test and analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used to test the hypotheses at alpha level of 0.05 significance. The findings of the study include. there was no significant difference in the pre- test experimental and pre-test control groups on preventive health practices scores of health education intervention among Christian rural women in Delta State Nigeria; there was significant difference in the post-test and pre-test experimental groups on preventive health practices scores of health education intervention among Christian rural women in Delta State Nigeria.; there was significant difference in the post-test experimental and post-test control groups on preventive health practices scores of health education intervention among Christian rural women. Based on the findings it was recommended that Health workers should offer health education and preventive guidance to individuals during the check-up and screening process and emphasize the importance of early detection and healthy lifestyle choices.
{"title":"Effect of health education intervention on preventive health practices among Christian rural women in Delta State","authors":"Blessing OSIE-EFETIE, Joseph OGBE, Emaka A. NWACHUKWU","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2110","url":null,"abstract":"The study determined the effect of health education intervention on preventive health practices among Christian rural women in Delta State, Nigeria. Six research questions were raised and answered. Six hypotheses formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study. The population of this study consists of 2,718, 145 women in all the 25 Local Government Areas of Delta State. The sample of the study consist of 120 Christian women from six rural communities in six Local Government Area of Delta State. The sample size was drawn from the entire population using a multi-stage sampling technique. Preventive Health Practices Multiple Choice Test (PHPMCT) was used for data collection. Three experts validated the instruments and the reliability was carried out using the test-retest method. The reliability coefficient of 0.850 was obtained for the instrument. To collect data for the study the Health Education Intervention and the control groups were given pre-test using the Preventive Health Practices Multiple Choice Test (PHPMCT). After six weeks of health education intervention, the Preventive Health Practices Multiple Choice Test (PHPMCT) was re-administered to all the participants in both groups. Data were analysed using mean scores and standard deviation scores while the t-test and analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used to test the hypotheses at alpha level of 0.05 significance. The findings of the study include. there was no significant difference in the pre- test experimental and pre-test control groups on preventive health practices scores of health education intervention among Christian rural women in Delta State Nigeria; there was significant difference in the post-test and pre-test experimental groups on preventive health practices scores of health education intervention among Christian rural women in Delta State Nigeria.; there was significant difference in the post-test experimental and post-test control groups on preventive health practices scores of health education intervention among Christian rural women. Based on the findings it was recommended that Health workers should offer health education and preventive guidance to individuals during the check-up and screening process and emphasize the importance of early detection and healthy lifestyle choices.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The integration of cutting-edge remote sensing technologies, biophysical principles, and advanced spatial statistics enables innovative landscape analysis across various spatial and temporal scales. Traditional approaches relied on classification methods and indices derived from multi-spectral imagery to assess landscape degradation. However, modern techniques can extract biophysical indices like leaf area index and canopy chemistry from satellite imagery. Long-term remote sensing archives (e.g., Landsat, AVHRR) facilitate retrospective studies of landscape changes and trajectories. Recent advancements in sensors and analysis techniques, such as sub-pixel classifications and continuous fields, have improved the accuracy of variable retrieval (e.g., Albedo, chlorophyll concentration). These developments enable powerful monitoring tools for land use/cover change detection, leading to a better understanding of landscape dynamics and the mapping of previously unexplored features. However, a trade-off exists between high spatial and high temporal resolution depending on the platform used.
{"title":"Advanced remote sensing technologies for tracking landscape changes and environmental conditions","authors":"Chibuike Godswill Nzeanorue, Raphael Aduramimo Olusola, Peter Dayo Fakoyede, Merinubi Sunday Daramola, Ewemade Cornelius Enabulele, Agada Olowu Innocent, Adeleke Olaniyi Benjamin, Eze Kelechi Nnaji, Mame Diarra Bousso Diouf, Grace Agbons Aruya","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2057","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of cutting-edge remote sensing technologies, biophysical principles, and advanced spatial statistics enables innovative landscape analysis across various spatial and temporal scales. Traditional approaches relied on classification methods and indices derived from multi-spectral imagery to assess landscape degradation. However, modern techniques can extract biophysical indices like leaf area index and canopy chemistry from satellite imagery. Long-term remote sensing archives (e.g., Landsat, AVHRR) facilitate retrospective studies of landscape changes and trajectories. Recent advancements in sensors and analysis techniques, such as sub-pixel classifications and continuous fields, have improved the accuracy of variable retrieval (e.g., Albedo, chlorophyll concentration). These developments enable powerful monitoring tools for land use/cover change detection, leading to a better understanding of landscape dynamics and the mapping of previously unexplored features. However, a trade-off exists between high spatial and high temporal resolution depending on the platform used.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The demand for natural and effective antimicrobial agents in oral care products has led to the exploration of botanical extracts such as Moringa and Neem. In this study, we aimed to prepare extracts from Moringa and Neem leaves and incorporate them into toothpaste formulations to evaluate their antimicrobial properties against oral pathogens. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was assessed using well-established agar diffusion assays against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative oral bacteria. Additionally, the pH and consistency of the toothpaste formulations were optimized for usability and stability. Our results demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity of the Moringa and Neem extracts against a range of oral bacteria, including common pathogens associated with dental caries and periodontal diseases. The formulated toothpaste containing these extracts exhibited promising inhibitory effects, suggesting their potential as natural alternatives or adjuncts to synthetic antimicrobial agents in oral hygiene products. This research work contributes to the ongoing exploration of plant-derived compounds for oral health applications.
{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of moringa and neem herbal toothpaste for comprehensive oral care","authors":"Christina Viju John, Swati Suresh Pawane, Sayali Sandeep Marchande, Neha Sanjay Shinde, Abhishek Charudatta Patil, Rutuja Dattatray Machale, Shrutika Dipesh Patil","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2034","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for natural and effective antimicrobial agents in oral care products has led to the exploration of botanical extracts such as Moringa and Neem. In this study, we aimed to prepare extracts from Moringa and Neem leaves and incorporate them into toothpaste formulations to evaluate their antimicrobial properties against oral pathogens. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was assessed using well-established agar diffusion assays against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative oral bacteria. Additionally, the pH and consistency of the toothpaste formulations were optimized for usability and stability. Our results demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity of the Moringa and Neem extracts against a range of oral bacteria, including common pathogens associated with dental caries and periodontal diseases. The formulated toothpaste containing these extracts exhibited promising inhibitory effects, suggesting their potential as natural alternatives or adjuncts to synthetic antimicrobial agents in oral hygiene products. This research work contributes to the ongoing exploration of plant-derived compounds for oral health applications.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2048
Washima Tuleun
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a rapidly advancing technology that facilitates the transmission of voice and audio signals over the Internet or an IP-based network in real-time. This technology has seen a significant rise in demand due to its advantages over traditional circuit-switched telephony, including lower call rates, reduced operational costs, easier management, and enhanced call features. However, the growth in VoIP usage has also increased the potential for various security threats and attacks, jeopardizing the privacy, confidentiality, and integrity of transmitted data. This paper presents the design of an Asterisk-based VoIP system and the implementation of a comprehensive security solution across the VoIP network. The study involves an in-depth analysis of VoIP technology, identifying its vulnerabilities and addressing potential threats. A security framework is proposed and implemented to safeguard the VoIP network. The designed system and security solutions are rigorously tested and evaluated to ensure robustness and effectiveness. The findings highlight critical security measures necessary for protecting VoIP infrastructures and provide a framework for future research and development in securing VoIP networks.
网络电话（VoIP）是一种快速发展的技术，可通过互联网或 IP 网络实时传输语音和音频信号。与传统的电路交换电话相比，这种技术具有通话费率低、运营成本低、管理方便和通话功能增强等优势，因此需求量大幅增加。然而，VoIP 使用量的增长也增加了各种安全威胁和攻击的可能性，危及传输数据的隐私性、保密性和完整性。本文介绍了基于 Asterisk 的 VoIP 系统的设计和整个 VoIP 网络综合安全解决方案的实施。研究涉及对 VoIP 技术的深入分析，确定其漏洞并解决潜在威胁。为保护 VoIP 网络，提出并实施了一个安全框架。对设计的系统和安全解决方案进行了严格的测试和评估，以确保其稳健性和有效性。研究结果强调了保护 VoIP 基础设施所需的关键安全措施，并为今后研究和开发 VoIP 网络安全提供了一个框架。
{"title":"Design of an asterisk-based VoIP system and the implementation of security solution across the VoIP network","authors":"Washima Tuleun","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2048","url":null,"abstract":"Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a rapidly advancing technology that facilitates the transmission of voice and audio signals over the Internet or an IP-based network in real-time. This technology has seen a significant rise in demand due to its advantages over traditional circuit-switched telephony, including lower call rates, reduced operational costs, easier management, and enhanced call features. However, the growth in VoIP usage has also increased the potential for various security threats and attacks, jeopardizing the privacy, confidentiality, and integrity of transmitted data. This paper presents the design of an Asterisk-based VoIP system and the implementation of a comprehensive security solution across the VoIP network. The study involves an in-depth analysis of VoIP technology, identifying its vulnerabilities and addressing potential threats. A security framework is proposed and implemented to safeguard the VoIP network. The designed system and security solutions are rigorously tested and evaluated to ensure robustness and effectiveness. The findings highlight critical security measures necessary for protecting VoIP infrastructures and provide a framework for future research and development in securing VoIP networks.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1943
OCHE Innocent Onuche, EZE Robert Martins
This paper examines non-traditional approaches to enhancing security reliability in Nigeria, with a specific focus on combating banditry and kidnapping. The core objective was achieved through the analysis of secondary data sourced from national and international journals, relevant textbooks, and official government gazettes. This evaluative research employs conflict transformation theory and critical security studies theory as its theoretical framework. The study finds that non-traditional security approaches have significantly contributed to addressing banditry and kidnapping in Nigeria, particularly through community engagement, socio-economic development, and conflict resolution. However, their effectiveness has been limited by challenges such as lack of coordination, resource constraints, and inadequate addressing of structural injustices. The paper recommends integrating task forces, investing in technology-driven solutions, supporting community-led peace-building initiatives that promote dialogue and reconciliation at the grassroots level, and implementing targeted socio-economic development programs to address the underlying drivers of banditry and kidnapping, including poverty, unemployment, and marginalization.
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The reversal reaction on Morbus Hansen is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction to M. leprae antigens. The clinical symptoms of a reversal reaction are that some or all of the existing lesions become more numerous and active in a short time. Hypopigmented lesions become more erythematous, erythematous lesions become increasingly erythematous, macular lesions become infiltrating, and old lesions increase in size. The histopathological feature of the reversal reaction showing dermal edema, stretching of the granulomas followed by loss of the well form granuloma arrangement, and predominance of lymphocytes are described as the hallmarks of a reversal reaction. Several additional characteristics were obtained in the form of an increase in the number of Langhans giant cells, as well as pyknosis/shrinkage of the lymphocyte nucleus. Although not a diagnostic criterion for a reversal reaction, histopathological examination of a lesion biopsy is needed to differentiate a reversal reaction in Morbus Hansen from other differential diagnoses.
Morbus Hansen 的逆转反应是对麻风杆菌抗原的 IV 型超敏反应。逆转反应的临床症状是部分或全部现有皮损在短时间内变得更多和更活跃。色素减退的皮损变得更加红斑，红斑皮损变得越来越红，黄斑皮损变得浸润，旧皮损增大。逆转反应的组织病理学特征表现为真皮水肿、肉芽肿伸展，随后形态良好的肉芽肿排列消失，以及淋巴细胞占优势，这些都被描述为逆转反应的特征。此外，朗汉斯巨细胞数量的增加以及淋巴细胞核的焦性/收缩也是逆转录反应的几个特征。虽然这不是逆转反应的诊断标准，但需要对病变活检进行组织病理学检查，以将汉森氏病的逆转反应与其他鉴别诊断区分开来。
{"title":"Histopathological features of reversal reactions in Morbus Hansen","authors":"Riski Bagus Suhendra, Diah Prabawati Retnani, Anggun Putri Yuniaswan","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1194","url":null,"abstract":"The reversal reaction on Morbus Hansen is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction to M. leprae antigens. The clinical symptoms of a reversal reaction are that some or all of the existing lesions become more numerous and active in a short time. Hypopigmented lesions become more erythematous, erythematous lesions become increasingly erythematous, macular lesions become infiltrating, and old lesions increase in size. The histopathological feature of the reversal reaction showing dermal edema, stretching of the granulomas followed by loss of the well form granuloma arrangement, and predominance of lymphocytes are described as the hallmarks of a reversal reaction. Several additional characteristics were obtained in the form of an increase in the number of Langhans giant cells, as well as pyknosis/shrinkage of the lymphocyte nucleus. Although not a diagnostic criterion for a reversal reaction, histopathological examination of a lesion biopsy is needed to differentiate a reversal reaction in Morbus Hansen from other differential diagnoses.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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