Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1976
Jaira -Salayon- Hernandez, Fernando -Teston- Pardales Jr, Neña Mae -Sumaylo- Lendio, Ian Exequiel -Sibayan- Manalili, Eufemia -Acol- Garcia, Antonio -Calumba- Tee Jr.
Road accidents caused by driver drowsiness and distraction represent significant threats to worldwide road safety, with fatalities and injuries at alarming rates in the Philippines. With a significant number of casualties, the need for proactive measures is urgent. Recognizing the human factor as the primary cause of accidents, this study aimed to develop a real-time driver drowsiness and distraction detection system to mitigate risks. Using non-intrusive camera sensors and convolutional neural networks (CNN), the system monitors the driver’s behavior, including facial expressions, eye movements, and lane position, to detect signs of drowsiness and distraction. This study meticulously outlines the systematic procedures, employing a quantitative developmental research approach to design and assess the effectiveness of the system. Real-world on-road testing with participants engaged in long-duration driving ensures the authenticity of data collection. The findings highlight the system's promising performance in drowsiness and distraction detection, with high accuracy rates and an effective alert system triggered upon detection of potential risks. The integration of CNN technology underscores the system's potential to significantly enhance road safety, offering immediate benefits for drivers, vehicle manufacturers, and road safety authorities. This research sets a foundation for future advancements in proactive driver safety technologies, emphasizing the critical importance of addressing driver drowsiness and distraction on the roads.
{"title":"Real-time driver drowsiness and distraction detection using convolutional neural network with multiple behavioral features","authors":"Jaira -Salayon- Hernandez, Fernando -Teston- Pardales Jr, Neña Mae -Sumaylo- Lendio, Ian Exequiel -Sibayan- Manalili, Eufemia -Acol- Garcia, Antonio -Calumba- Tee Jr.","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1976","url":null,"abstract":"Road accidents caused by driver drowsiness and distraction represent significant threats to worldwide road safety, with fatalities and injuries at alarming rates in the Philippines. With a significant number of casualties, the need for proactive measures is urgent. Recognizing the human factor as the primary cause of accidents, this study aimed to develop a real-time driver drowsiness and distraction detection system to mitigate risks. Using non-intrusive camera sensors and convolutional neural networks (CNN), the system monitors the driver’s behavior, including facial expressions, eye movements, and lane position, to detect signs of drowsiness and distraction. This study meticulously outlines the systematic procedures, employing a quantitative developmental research approach to design and assess the effectiveness of the system. Real-world on-road testing with participants engaged in long-duration driving ensures the authenticity of data collection. The findings highlight the system's promising performance in drowsiness and distraction detection, with high accuracy rates and an effective alert system triggered upon detection of potential risks. The integration of CNN technology underscores the system's potential to significantly enhance road safety, offering immediate benefits for drivers, vehicle manufacturers, and road safety authorities. This research sets a foundation for future advancements in proactive driver safety technologies, emphasizing the critical importance of addressing driver drowsiness and distraction on the roads.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2114
Barsha Chakraborty, Suvendu Ray
School hygiene is a crucial practice in educational settings, involving personal hygiene practices, environmental factors, and regular cleaning to ensure the health and well-being of students and staff. This study has aimed to assess students' knowledge and attitudes towards hygiene in schools, aiming to inform targeted educational programs and policies to improve children's health and wellbeing. The researcher used a descriptive survey approach and a micro survey method among XI graded students in Murshidabad district, West Bengal, India. The study focuses on XI graded students in Murshidabad district, West Bengal, India, using a random sampling method to select 498 students. The researcher used a standardized scale and closed-ended questionnaire to collect data on knowledge and attitude towards school hygiene. The study revealed that significant differences in knowledge about school hygiene among male and female XI-graded students in Murshidabad district, West Bengal. Girls performed better than boys in terms of knowledge, with urban students having better knowledge than rural students. There are also differences in knowledge between arts and science faculties. The lack of hygiene promotion materials and supplies affects learners' attitudes and practices. Girls have a better attitude towards school hygiene, while rural and urban students have different attitudes. The positive attitude towards school hygiene depends on increasing knowledge among students. It has suggested educational interventions, awareness campaigns, and collaboration among schools, parents, and authorities to promote cleanliness and health consciousness.
{"title":"Students’ knowledge and attitude towards school hygiene: A micro study in Murshidabad district","authors":"Barsha Chakraborty, Suvendu Ray","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2114","url":null,"abstract":"School hygiene is a crucial practice in educational settings, involving personal hygiene practices, environmental factors, and regular cleaning to ensure the health and well-being of students and staff. This study has aimed to assess students' knowledge and attitudes towards hygiene in schools, aiming to inform targeted educational programs and policies to improve children's health and wellbeing. The researcher used a descriptive survey approach and a micro survey method among XI graded students in Murshidabad district, West Bengal, India. The study focuses on XI graded students in Murshidabad district, West Bengal, India, using a random sampling method to select 498 students. The researcher used a standardized scale and closed-ended questionnaire to collect data on knowledge and attitude towards school hygiene. The study revealed that significant differences in knowledge about school hygiene among male and female XI-graded students in Murshidabad district, West Bengal. Girls performed better than boys in terms of knowledge, with urban students having better knowledge than rural students. There are also differences in knowledge between arts and science faculties. The lack of hygiene promotion materials and supplies affects learners' attitudes and practices. Girls have a better attitude towards school hygiene, while rural and urban students have different attitudes. The positive attitude towards school hygiene depends on increasing knowledge among students. It has suggested educational interventions, awareness campaigns, and collaboration among schools, parents, and authorities to promote cleanliness and health consciousness.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Proximal humerus fractures, are a major medical issue that are relatively prevalent. 4-5% of all fractures are proximal humeral fractures, most of which involve older and osteoporotic individuals. Objectives: To compare the functional outcome of philos plate vs. external fixator in the management of proximal humerus fracture. Material and Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore. From November 23, 2022, to May 23, 2023. After approval from the hospital's ethical board, 112(56 per group) patients were included in the study through an emergency. Informed consent was taken from parents. We stratified patients into two groups. Group A received the treatment of Philos, while Group B received the external fixator treatment. Functional outcome was assessed at the end of 3 months postoperatively using constant shoulder score. The collected data were entered and analyzed accordingly using SPSS version 27. Results: In the current study, a total of 112 patients included underwent two surgical interventions, among these, 56 patients underwent Philos plating while an equal number of patients underwent external fixation. In Group A and B, the majority were males (37:47) out of 112. The mean age of patients was equal in both groups (Group A=44.36±11.71), and the mean age of patients was (Group A=44.88±10.05), ranging from 20 to 80 years. In Group A, the average BMI was less than 24.29±4.23, ranging from 18-35 kg/m2, compared to Group B, 28.89±3.77, ranging from 22-35 kg/m2. 38(67.9%) were effected from right side as in Group A while 41(73.2%) were effected from right side in Group B. Majoruty 28(50.0%) had history of RTA in Group A while patients 24(42.9%) were observed with history of RTA in Group B25(44.6%) cases reported excellent outcome, 6(10.7%) reported very good outcome, 16(21.4%) good, 7(12.5%) fair and 2(3.6%) poor outcome in Group A. In Group B, 36(64.3%) excellent, 7(12.5%) very good, 12(21.4%) cases reported Good and 1(1%) reported fair outcome. So it is concluded that 25(44.6%) cases reported excellent outcome in Group A, comparatively low as compared to Group B 36(64.3%). Only age was significantly associated with excellent outcomes as p<.05. Conclusion: It is concluded that External fixation demonstrated a better outcome as compared to Philos Plating, so in Orthopaedic practice, External fixation should be preferred for patients diagnosed with proximal humerus fracture to get better results and reduce the complications.
{"title":"Comparison of the functional outcome of Philos Plate Vs. external fixator in the management of proximal humerus fracture","authors":"Hazrat Akbar, Umar Faheem, Bilal Hassan Khan, Zaigham Bajwa, Farasat Umar, Sajid Hussain, Zain Naseer, Asad Riaz, Syed Saifullah Shah, Nadeem Siraj","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2106","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Proximal humerus fractures, are a major medical issue that are relatively prevalent. 4-5% of all fractures are proximal humeral fractures, most of which involve older and osteoporotic individuals. Objectives: To compare the functional outcome of philos plate vs. external fixator in the management of proximal humerus fracture. Material and Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore. From November 23, 2022, to May 23, 2023. After approval from the hospital's ethical board, 112(56 per group) patients were included in the study through an emergency. Informed consent was taken from parents. We stratified patients into two groups. Group A received the treatment of Philos, while Group B received the external fixator treatment. Functional outcome was assessed at the end of 3 months postoperatively using constant shoulder score. The collected data were entered and analyzed accordingly using SPSS version 27. Results: In the current study, a total of 112 patients included underwent two surgical interventions, among these, 56 patients underwent Philos plating while an equal number of patients underwent external fixation. In Group A and B, the majority were males (37:47) out of 112. The mean age of patients was equal in both groups (Group A=44.36±11.71), and the mean age of patients was (Group A=44.88±10.05), ranging from 20 to 80 years. In Group A, the average BMI was less than 24.29±4.23, ranging from 18-35 kg/m2, compared to Group B, 28.89±3.77, ranging from 22-35 kg/m2. 38(67.9%) were effected from right side as in Group A while 41(73.2%) were effected from right side in Group B. Majoruty 28(50.0%) had history of RTA in Group A while patients 24(42.9%) were observed with history of RTA in Group B25(44.6%) cases reported excellent outcome, 6(10.7%) reported very good outcome, 16(21.4%) good, 7(12.5%) fair and 2(3.6%) poor outcome in Group A. In Group B, 36(64.3%) excellent, 7(12.5%) very good, 12(21.4%) cases reported Good and 1(1%) reported fair outcome. So it is concluded that 25(44.6%) cases reported excellent outcome in Group A, comparatively low as compared to Group B 36(64.3%). Only age was significantly associated with excellent outcomes as p<.05. Conclusion: It is concluded that External fixation demonstrated a better outcome as compared to Philos Plating, so in Orthopaedic practice, External fixation should be preferred for patients diagnosed with proximal humerus fracture to get better results and reduce the complications.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1893
Kiran P. Kolkar, Ravindra B. Malabadi, Sadiya MR, Veena Sharada B, Raju K. Chalannavar
This literature review paper highlights morphology, distribution, medicinal properties of commercially important tree species, Thespesia populnea, Terminalia arjuna, Butea monosperma (Palas), Silver oak (Grevillea robusta), Mangifera indica, Madhuca longifolia,Melia azadirachta, Michelia champaca, Moringa oleifera, Peltophorum pterocarpum, and Aegle marmelos. These plants have been used for centuries by local communities and traditional healers for their therapeutic and medicinal properties. Medicinal plants play a crucial role in the Western Ghats, both ecologically and culturally. The use of herbal medicines for the treatment of diseases is safe and traditional. Therefore, medicinal plants have been receiving great attention because of their safety. The Western Ghats harbors more than 7,500 flowering plant species, of which nearly 1,500 are recognized for their medicinal values by local communities and traditional healers. The Western Ghats population traditional medical practices frequently center on using plant-based treatments. These medicinal plants are carefully chosen, and preparation techniques have been perfected through many years of practice. Studies indicated that Mangifera indica possesses antidiabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, cardiotonic, hypotensive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Mango contains Mangiferin, a polyphenolic antioxidant and a glucosyl xanthone, has strong antioxidant, anti lipid peroxidation, immunomodulation, cardiotonic, hypotensive, wound healing, antidegenerative and antidiabetic activities.
{"title":"Updates on some medicinal and ornamental plants- Ayurvedic medicines","authors":"Kiran P. Kolkar, Ravindra B. Malabadi, Sadiya MR, Veena Sharada B, Raju K. Chalannavar","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1893","url":null,"abstract":"This literature review paper highlights morphology, distribution, medicinal properties of commercially important tree species, Thespesia populnea, Terminalia arjuna, Butea monosperma (Palas), Silver oak (Grevillea robusta), Mangifera indica, Madhuca longifolia,Melia azadirachta, Michelia champaca, Moringa oleifera, Peltophorum pterocarpum, and Aegle marmelos. These plants have been used for centuries by local communities and traditional healers for their therapeutic and medicinal properties. Medicinal plants play a crucial role in the Western Ghats, both ecologically and culturally. The use of herbal medicines for the treatment of diseases is safe and traditional. Therefore, medicinal plants have been receiving great attention because of their safety. The Western Ghats harbors more than 7,500 flowering plant species, of which nearly 1,500 are recognized for their medicinal values by local communities and traditional healers. The Western Ghats population traditional medical practices frequently center on using plant-based treatments. These medicinal plants are carefully chosen, and preparation techniques have been perfected through many years of practice. Studies indicated that Mangifera indica possesses antidiabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-viral, cardiotonic, hypotensive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Mango contains Mangiferin, a polyphenolic antioxidant and a glucosyl xanthone, has strong antioxidant, anti lipid peroxidation, immunomodulation, cardiotonic, hypotensive, wound healing, antidegenerative and antidiabetic activities.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"11 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1989
Adil Liaqat, Made Sukresna
The rising demand for charitable organizations is fueled by increasing numbers of people in need, growing inequalities, and crises such as wars, natural disasters, and inflation. Charities face the challenge of securing sufficient funding, worsened by increased competition and a decline in public donation behavior. Developing new marketing strategies is crucial, particularly leveraging social media in the digital age. While previous research underscores the persuasive power of emotional advertising, gaps remain in understanding which emotions most effectively drive donation intentions. This thesis explores the impact of emotional advertising appeals in digital charity marketing campaigns on donation intention, investigating whether positive or negative appeals are more influential. Additionally, it examines gender differences in altruism and how altruistic values moderate the effects of negative emotional appeals on guilt and shame. An experimental research design was used, with a between-subject design involving three groups exposed to positive, negative, or neutral advertising stimuli. The sample consisted of 200 respondents over 18 years old, representative of the Indonesian population. Participants were randomly assigned to groups and answered questions on donation intentions, altruistic values, emotional reactions, and demographics. Statistical analysis revealed that positive and negative advertising appeals elicit different emotions. Surprisingly, no significant difference was found between positive and negative appeals on donation intention, suggesting emotional orientation does not influence donation intentions. The study also found stronger altruistic beliefs in women and that altruistic values amplify guilt and shame in response to negative emotional appeals.
{"title":"Investigating the moderating role of altruistic beliefs on negative emotional appeals in digital charity advertising: A study on guilt, shame, and donation intention among Indonesian donors","authors":"Adil Liaqat, Made Sukresna","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.1989","url":null,"abstract":"The rising demand for charitable organizations is fueled by increasing numbers of people in need, growing inequalities, and crises such as wars, natural disasters, and inflation. Charities face the challenge of securing sufficient funding, worsened by increased competition and a decline in public donation behavior. Developing new marketing strategies is crucial, particularly leveraging social media in the digital age. While previous research underscores the persuasive power of emotional advertising, gaps remain in understanding which emotions most effectively drive donation intentions. This thesis explores the impact of emotional advertising appeals in digital charity marketing campaigns on donation intention, investigating whether positive or negative appeals are more influential. Additionally, it examines gender differences in altruism and how altruistic values moderate the effects of negative emotional appeals on guilt and shame. An experimental research design was used, with a between-subject design involving three groups exposed to positive, negative, or neutral advertising stimuli. The sample consisted of 200 respondents over 18 years old, representative of the Indonesian population. Participants were randomly assigned to groups and answered questions on donation intentions, altruistic values, emotional reactions, and demographics. Statistical analysis revealed that positive and negative advertising appeals elicit different emotions. Surprisingly, no significant difference was found between positive and negative appeals on donation intention, suggesting emotional orientation does not influence donation intentions. The study also found stronger altruistic beliefs in women and that altruistic values amplify guilt and shame in response to negative emotional appeals.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"11 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A rapid and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the validated of Nilutamide, in its pure form as well as in tablet dosage form. Chromatography was carried out on a Symmetry C18 (4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm) column using a mixture of Methanol and water (45: 55 % v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min, the detection was carried out at 260 nm. The retention time of the Nilutamide was 2.379 ± 0.02 min respectively. The method produce linear responses in the concentration range of 24-120 mg/ml of Nilutamide. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0 % RSD. The method is useful in the quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, robustness, ruggedness and LOD & LOQ of standard solution. The developed RP-HPLC method was found to be accurate, precise, linear, and robust and was successful applied to a pharmaceutical tablet formulation for qualitative estimation of Nilutamide in Bulk form and Marketed Pharmaceutical Dosage forms.
{"title":"A new analytical RP-HPLC method development and validation for the estimation of Nilutamide in bulk form and marketed pharmaceutical dosage form","authors":"Dhayapanthullapally Shireesha, Rizwana Begum, Kankala Sujatha, Arumugam Yasodha","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2211","url":null,"abstract":"A rapid and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the validated of Nilutamide, in its pure form as well as in tablet dosage form. Chromatography was carried out on a Symmetry C18 (4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm) column using a mixture of Methanol and water (45: 55 % v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min, the detection was carried out at 260 nm. The retention time of the Nilutamide was 2.379 ± 0.02 min respectively. The method produce linear responses in the concentration range of 24-120 mg/ml of Nilutamide. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0 % RSD. The method is useful in the quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, robustness, ruggedness and LOD & LOQ of standard solution. The developed RP-HPLC method was found to be accurate, precise, linear, and robust and was successful applied to a pharmaceutical tablet formulation for qualitative estimation of Nilutamide in Bulk form and Marketed Pharmaceutical Dosage forms.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"2 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2014
Chukwu Udoka, Ugochukwu Remigius, Njoku Marilyn
The study examined the challenges and prospects of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world: The specific objectives were to: determine the challenges of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world and examine the prospects of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world. The research design was descriptive survey method. Study Area was Enugu State. The sample size of 163 respondents were taken from population of 276 apprentices from different major markets – Kenyetha market (44), Ogbete market (41), Timber market Abakpa (53), Artisans markets (64) and Gariki market (74) Enugu Metropolis business clusters in Enugu state, Nigeria. Research questions of the study were answered using mean score and standard deviation. The hypotheses stated would be tested with chi-square and single regression analysis. The empirical result showed that there are significant challenges of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world (Chi-square: 33.62 > Critical-value: 0.000) and there are significant prospects of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world (Chi-square: 98.48 > Critical-value: 0.000). The study recommended that Nigerian government should formulate policy that enforce justice between apprentice master and his apprentice to control non-settlement of apprentice after several years of patience.
{"title":"Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world: Challenges and prospects","authors":"Chukwu Udoka, Ugochukwu Remigius, Njoku Marilyn","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2014","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the challenges and prospects of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world: The specific objectives were to: determine the challenges of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world and examine the prospects of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world. The research design was descriptive survey method. Study Area was Enugu State. The sample size of 163 respondents were taken from population of 276 apprentices from different major markets – Kenyetha market (44), Ogbete market (41), Timber market Abakpa (53), Artisans markets (64) and Gariki market (74) Enugu Metropolis business clusters in Enugu state, Nigeria. Research questions of the study were answered using mean score and standard deviation. The hypotheses stated would be tested with chi-square and single regression analysis. The empirical result showed that there are significant challenges of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world (Chi-square: 33.62 > Critical-value: 0.000) and there are significant prospects of Igbo apprenticeship system in the modern world (Chi-square: 98.48 > Critical-value: 0.000). The study recommended that Nigerian government should formulate policy that enforce justice between apprentice master and his apprentice to control non-settlement of apprentice after several years of patience.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2076
Bhaskar Mahanayak
This study evaluates the water quality of Chaltia Beel, a significant wetland in Murshidabad, West Bengal, India. Chaltia Beel serves as a crucial habitat for a variety of aquatic species and supports local communities through its use in agriculture and fisheries. The primary objective of this research is to assess the microbiological and chemical characteristics of the beel's water to determine its suitability for ecological and human use. Water samples were collected from three different sites within the beel during the post-monsoon season of 2023. The parameters analyzed include pH, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate (NO3), phosphate (PO4), ammoniacal nitrogen, total alkalinity, and total coliform bacteria. Standard methods prescribed by the American Public Health Association (APHA) and the Indian Standards Institution (ISI) were employed for the analyses. The results indicate that the pH values (7.74 to 7.77) are within the neutral range, which is favorable for most aquatic life. The temperature of the water (28.1°C to 28.2°C) is stable and conducive to the ecosystem. TDS levels (398 mg/l to 406 mg/l) are within acceptable limits, though continuous monitoring is recommended to detect any potential increases. Turbidity levels (1.1 NTU to 1.4 NTU) are low, indicating good water clarity. DO levels (6.3 mg/l to 6.6 mg/l) are adequate to support aerobic aquatic organisms. Nitrate levels were consistently below 0.5 mg/l, suggesting minimal agricultural runoff impact. However, phosphate levels (1.38 mg/l to 1.41 mg/l) are relatively high, indicating a risk of eutrophication. Ammoniacal nitrogen levels (0.56 mg/l to 0.61 mg/l) are within acceptable limits but need monitoring to prevent potential toxicity. Total alkalinity (277.4 mg/l to 285 mg/l) provides a good buffering capacity, maintaining pH stability. Microbiological analysis revealed significant contamination with total coliform bacteria ranging from 190 to 204 CFU/100ml, which highlights potential health risks if the water is used for drinking or recreational purposes. The study concludes that while some water quality parameters of Chaltia Beel are within acceptable limits, others require attention to prevent environmental and health issues. Regular monitoring, pollution control, public awareness, habitat restoration, and sustainable practices are recommended to improve and maintain the water quality of Chaltia Beel. These efforts are essential for preserving the ecological health of the wetland and ensuring its continued benefit to the local communities.
{"title":"Sustainability and water quality management in Chaltia Beel: Addressing ecological and public health challenges","authors":"Bhaskar Mahanayak","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2076","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates the water quality of Chaltia Beel, a significant wetland in Murshidabad, West Bengal, India. Chaltia Beel serves as a crucial habitat for a variety of aquatic species and supports local communities through its use in agriculture and fisheries. The primary objective of this research is to assess the microbiological and chemical characteristics of the beel's water to determine its suitability for ecological and human use. Water samples were collected from three different sites within the beel during the post-monsoon season of 2023. The parameters analyzed include pH, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate (NO3), phosphate (PO4), ammoniacal nitrogen, total alkalinity, and total coliform bacteria. Standard methods prescribed by the American Public Health Association (APHA) and the Indian Standards Institution (ISI) were employed for the analyses. The results indicate that the pH values (7.74 to 7.77) are within the neutral range, which is favorable for most aquatic life. The temperature of the water (28.1°C to 28.2°C) is stable and conducive to the ecosystem. TDS levels (398 mg/l to 406 mg/l) are within acceptable limits, though continuous monitoring is recommended to detect any potential increases. Turbidity levels (1.1 NTU to 1.4 NTU) are low, indicating good water clarity. DO levels (6.3 mg/l to 6.6 mg/l) are adequate to support aerobic aquatic organisms. Nitrate levels were consistently below 0.5 mg/l, suggesting minimal agricultural runoff impact. However, phosphate levels (1.38 mg/l to 1.41 mg/l) are relatively high, indicating a risk of eutrophication. Ammoniacal nitrogen levels (0.56 mg/l to 0.61 mg/l) are within acceptable limits but need monitoring to prevent potential toxicity. Total alkalinity (277.4 mg/l to 285 mg/l) provides a good buffering capacity, maintaining pH stability. Microbiological analysis revealed significant contamination with total coliform bacteria ranging from 190 to 204 CFU/100ml, which highlights potential health risks if the water is used for drinking or recreational purposes. The study concludes that while some water quality parameters of Chaltia Beel are within acceptable limits, others require attention to prevent environmental and health issues. Regular monitoring, pollution control, public awareness, habitat restoration, and sustainable practices are recommended to improve and maintain the water quality of Chaltia Beel. These efforts are essential for preserving the ecological health of the wetland and ensuring its continued benefit to the local communities.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"7 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2162
Joseph Nnaemeka Chukwunweike, Samakinwa Michael, Martin Ifeanyi Mbamalu MNSE, Chinonso Emeh
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Electrocardiography (ECG) and Photoplethysmography (PPG) signifies AI's profound influence on heart rate monitoring and analysis. ECG traditionally offers critical insights into cardiac health, necessitating expert interpretation. This study introduces an AI framework with Fast Fourier Transformation Analysis for swift, human-like interpretation of complex ECG signals. A multilayer AI Network accurately detects intricate features, enhancing ECG analysis precision. Leveraging comprehensive datasets, AI models proficiently identify heart dysfunctions like atrial fibrillation and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and can estimate age, sex, and race. The proliferation of mobile ECG technologies has spurred AI-based ECG phenotyping, impacting clinical and population health. This research explores AI's role in enhancing cardiac health assessment and clinical decision-making using MATLAB, acknowledging its transformative potential and inherent limitations.
{"title":"Artificial intelligence and electrocardiography: A modern approach to heart rate monitoring","authors":"Joseph Nnaemeka Chukwunweike, Samakinwa Michael, Martin Ifeanyi Mbamalu MNSE, Chinonso Emeh","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2162","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Electrocardiography (ECG) and Photoplethysmography (PPG) signifies AI's profound influence on heart rate monitoring and analysis. ECG traditionally offers critical insights into cardiac health, necessitating expert interpretation. This study introduces an AI framework with Fast Fourier Transformation Analysis for swift, human-like interpretation of complex ECG signals. A multilayer AI Network accurately detects intricate features, enhancing ECG analysis precision. Leveraging comprehensive datasets, AI models proficiently identify heart dysfunctions like atrial fibrillation and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and can estimate age, sex, and race. The proliferation of mobile ECG technologies has spurred AI-based ECG phenotyping, impacting clinical and population health. This research explores AI's role in enhancing cardiac health assessment and clinical decision-making using MATLAB, acknowledging its transformative potential and inherent limitations.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"7 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2098
Eltom Ishaq Osman Musa, Hardi Warsono, Budi Puspo Priyadi
This research investigates the challenges encountered by the Ministry of Higher Education in Sudan as it digitalizes its human resources management processes. The study identifies significant obstacles, such as limited technological infrastructure, insufficient digital literacy among staff, and inadequate training programs. Adopting a quantitative descriptive approach, primary data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to the entire employee population, with 150 out of 201 respondents participating. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 20.0 software, incorporating validity and reliability tests and content validation by a panel of 20 experts. The instrument's validity was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha-split-half method, with Aiken's V indicating that all items were valid (not less than 0.64 at a 0.05 significance level). The findings reveal a strong consensus among respondents regarding the challenges of digitalizing HRM within the Ministry. The study's comprehensive coverage, demonstrated by the sample size and the range of recorded values (15.00 to 75.00), highlights the diversity and extent of these challenges.
{"title":"The challenges of digitalizing human resources management in sudan at the ministry of higher education and scientific research","authors":"Eltom Ishaq Osman Musa, Hardi Warsono, Budi Puspo Priyadi","doi":"10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2098","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates the challenges encountered by the Ministry of Higher Education in Sudan as it digitalizes its human resources management processes. The study identifies significant obstacles, such as limited technological infrastructure, insufficient digital literacy among staff, and inadequate training programs. Adopting a quantitative descriptive approach, primary data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to the entire employee population, with 150 out of 201 respondents participating. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 20.0 software, incorporating validity and reliability tests and content validation by a panel of 20 experts. The instrument's validity was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha-split-half method, with Aiken's V indicating that all items were valid (not less than 0.64 at a 0.05 significance level). The findings reveal a strong consensus among respondents regarding the challenges of digitalizing HRM within the Ministry. The study's comprehensive coverage, demonstrated by the sample size and the range of recorded values (15.00 to 75.00), highlights the diversity and extent of these challenges.","PeriodicalId":23739,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews","volume":"1 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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