Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256059
Rana Bakkar, Yusuf Bakkar
Current knowledge of polycystic ovarian syndrome is reviewed, with emphasis on diagnostic criteria, the role of imaging, and pertinent imaging parameters. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine abnormality in women of reproductive age and carries with it significant health risks, including infertility, endometrial hyperplasia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The workup of PCOS has evolved to include the use of pelvic ultrasonography (US). Ovarian imaging is crucial in the evaluation of patients with suspected PCOS. Although findings of polycystic ovaries are commonly seen at routine US and are frequently not associated with PCOS, awareness of the criteria and definitions used in the diagnosis of PCOS is important, especially in patients who are being evaluated for ovulatory dysfunction or hyperandrogenism. The imaging report should be specific and should include ovarian volumes and antral follicle counts, in addition to other pertinent findings (eg, the presence of a dominant follicle or corpus luteum). Because patients are frequently referred for radiologic imaging as a part of clinical workup, and polycystic ovaries are a common incidental finding in women undergoing US for other gynecologic complaints, radiologists should be aware of the current diagnostic criteria for PCOS, the role of imaging in workup for this abnormality, and the pertinent reporting parameters for pelvic US. Keywords: Poly Cystic ovaries assessment, Ultrasound
{"title":"The Role of Ultrasound in Poly Cystic Ovaries Assessment","authors":"Rana Bakkar, Yusuf Bakkar","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256059","url":null,"abstract":"Current knowledge of polycystic ovarian syndrome is reviewed, with emphasis on diagnostic criteria, the role of imaging, and pertinent imaging parameters. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine abnormality in women of reproductive age and carries with it significant health risks, including infertility, endometrial hyperplasia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The workup of PCOS has evolved to include the use of pelvic ultrasonography (US). Ovarian imaging is crucial in the evaluation of patients with suspected PCOS. Although findings of polycystic ovaries are commonly seen at routine US and are frequently not associated with PCOS, awareness of the criteria and definitions used in the diagnosis of PCOS is important, especially in patients who are being evaluated for ovulatory dysfunction or hyperandrogenism. The imaging report should be specific and should include ovarian volumes and antral follicle counts, in addition to other pertinent findings (eg, the presence of a dominant follicle or corpus luteum). Because patients are frequently referred for radiologic imaging as a part of clinical workup, and polycystic ovaries are a common incidental finding in women undergoing US for other gynecologic complaints, radiologists should be aware of the current diagnostic criteria for PCOS, the role of imaging in workup for this abnormality, and the pertinent reporting parameters for pelvic US. Keywords: Poly Cystic ovaries assessment, Ultrasound","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85792357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256056
W. Alghamdi, Osman Babiker Osman, Abd Allah Ibrahim Abd Alrahman Mudawi, Waled A M Ahmed
Background: The knowledge, attitude, and practice of health professionals in Covid-19 medical centers are considered as the cornerstone for improvement of Covid-19 patients. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the healthcare professionals in chest physiotherapy for COVID-19 patients. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study; it was conducted among healthcare professionals working at ICUs at King Fahad Hospital and Prince Meshari Hospital, in Al-Baha Region, Saudi Arabia. A convenient sampling technique was used to collect data using a questionnaire about knowledge attitude and practice toward chest physiotherapy for COVID-19 patients which was adopted from a previously validated questionnaire. A specific coding for knowledge, attitude and practice was used to calculate the overall scores. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Among 34 of healthcare providers working at King Fahad Hospital (44.1%) and Prince Meshari Hospital (55.9%), it was shown that 82.4% of healthcare providers have adequate knowledge, 91.2% have positive attitude and 70.6% have appropriate practice towards COVID-19 physiotherapy in ICUs. A significant relationship was reported between marital status of healthcare providers and adequate knowledge (p=0.39), where singles and divorced participants have 100% adequate knowledge compared to married workers. It was also reported that knowledge significantly enhances levels of attitude and practice of healthcare providers by 0.609 and 0.61 respectively. Furthermore, their attitude affects positively the level of practice by 0.572. Conclusions: This study highlighted that majority of healthcare providers (physiotherapists, nurses or medical) are knowledgeable; they also have positive attitude and appropriate practices about COVID-19 physiotherapy management in ICUs at Al-Baha governmental hospitals. Keywords: knowledge, attitude, practice, healthcare professionals, COVID-19, physiotherapy.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare providers towards chest physiotherapy for COVID-19 patients at Al Baha, Saudi Arabia","authors":"W. Alghamdi, Osman Babiker Osman, Abd Allah Ibrahim Abd Alrahman Mudawi, Waled A M Ahmed","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256056","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The knowledge, attitude, and practice of health professionals in Covid-19 medical centers are considered as the cornerstone for improvement of Covid-19 patients. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the healthcare professionals in chest physiotherapy for COVID-19 patients. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study; it was conducted among healthcare professionals working at ICUs at King Fahad Hospital and Prince Meshari Hospital, in Al-Baha Region, Saudi Arabia. A convenient sampling technique was used to collect data using a questionnaire about knowledge attitude and practice toward chest physiotherapy for COVID-19 patients which was adopted from a previously validated questionnaire. A specific coding for knowledge, attitude and practice was used to calculate the overall scores. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Among 34 of healthcare providers working at King Fahad Hospital (44.1%) and Prince Meshari Hospital (55.9%), it was shown that 82.4% of healthcare providers have adequate knowledge, 91.2% have positive attitude and 70.6% have appropriate practice towards COVID-19 physiotherapy in ICUs. A significant relationship was reported between marital status of healthcare providers and adequate knowledge (p=0.39), where singles and divorced participants have 100% adequate knowledge compared to married workers. It was also reported that knowledge significantly enhances levels of attitude and practice of healthcare providers by 0.609 and 0.61 respectively. Furthermore, their attitude affects positively the level of practice by 0.572. Conclusions: This study highlighted that majority of healthcare providers (physiotherapists, nurses or medical) are knowledgeable; they also have positive attitude and appropriate practices about COVID-19 physiotherapy management in ICUs at Al-Baha governmental hospitals. Keywords: knowledge, attitude, practice, healthcare professionals, COVID-19, physiotherapy.","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"330 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76567848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256051
Khalid A. Bin Abdulrahman, Mohammed Abdullah Almudawi, Saud Turki Alhazani, Fahad S. Alshehri, Khaled Abdulsalam Almodeth, Ali Thabet Alanazi
Background: Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermal medical conditions that affect adolescents and young adults. The psychosocial impacts of acne appear in terms of social, vocational, and academic performance. This study aimed to determine the self-reported prevalence of acne and its repercussions on the quality of life of high and secondary school pupils in Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted among secondary and high school students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted among 901 students from different schools in the Riyadh region who were randomly included using a questionnaire distributed online. The Cardiff Acne Disability Index was used to assess the quality of life of acne students. After collecting the data, MS Excel was used for data entry, cleaning, and coding. SPSS version 23 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) was used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of acne among students was 57.4 %. According to the Cardiff Acne Disability Index, 19.4 % of patients with acne had a high disability, 40.1 % had a moderate disability, and 40.5 % had a low disability. The index score in this study ranged from 0 (16 patients showed a score of zero with a percentage of 3.1%) to 15 (16 patients showed a score of 15 with a percentage of 3.1%) with a mean score of 6.15 (standard deviation=3.79). Conclusion: This study confirmed the results of previous studies that acne causes quality of life disabilities among school-age students. Our study showed a high prevalence of acne among students with a more significant negative impact than previous studies. Keywords: Acne vulgaris, teens, quality of life, Saudi Arabia
背景:寻常性痤疮是影响青少年和年轻人最常见的皮肤疾病之一。痤疮的社会心理影响表现在社交、职业和学业表现方面。本研究旨在确定沙特阿拉伯利雅得地区中学生自我报告的痤疮患病率及其对生活质量的影响。方法:本横断面研究在沙特阿拉伯利雅得的中学生中进行。这项研究是在利雅得地区不同学校的901名学生中进行的，他们是通过在线分发的问卷随机抽取的。采用卡迪夫痤疮残疾指数评价痤疮学生的生活质量。收集数据后，使用MS Excel进行数据录入、清理、编码。使用SPSS version 23 (SPSS Inc .， Chicago, IL, USA)进行数据分析。结果:大学生痤疮患病率为57.4%。根据卡迪夫痤疮残疾指数，19.4%的痤疮患者为高残疾，40.1%为中度残疾，40.5%为低残疾。本研究的指标评分范围从0(16例患者得分为0，百分比为3.1%)到15(16例患者得分为15，百分比为3.1%)，平均得分为6.15(标准差=3.79)。结论:本研究证实了以往的研究结果，痤疮导致学龄学生的生活质量障碍。我们的研究表明，痤疮在学生中的患病率很高，其负面影响比以往的研究更显著。关键词:寻常性痤疮;青少年;生活质量
{"title":"Prevalence and quality of life of secondary school students with acne vulgaris in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Khalid A. Bin Abdulrahman, Mohammed Abdullah Almudawi, Saud Turki Alhazani, Fahad S. Alshehri, Khaled Abdulsalam Almodeth, Ali Thabet Alanazi","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256051","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermal medical conditions that affect adolescents and young adults. The psychosocial impacts of acne appear in terms of social, vocational, and academic performance. This study aimed to determine the self-reported prevalence of acne and its repercussions on the quality of life of high and secondary school pupils in Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted among secondary and high school students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted among 901 students from different schools in the Riyadh region who were randomly included using a questionnaire distributed online. The Cardiff Acne Disability Index was used to assess the quality of life of acne students. After collecting the data, MS Excel was used for data entry, cleaning, and coding. SPSS version 23 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) was used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of acne among students was 57.4 %. According to the Cardiff Acne Disability Index, 19.4 % of patients with acne had a high disability, 40.1 % had a moderate disability, and 40.5 % had a low disability. The index score in this study ranged from 0 (16 patients showed a score of zero with a percentage of 3.1%) to 15 (16 patients showed a score of 15 with a percentage of 3.1%) with a mean score of 6.15 (standard deviation=3.79). Conclusion: This study confirmed the results of previous studies that acne causes quality of life disabilities among school-age students. Our study showed a high prevalence of acne among students with a more significant negative impact than previous studies. Keywords: Acne vulgaris, teens, quality of life, Saudi Arabia","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"190 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84029310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256058
Ahmed Y Mobarki, Ibrahim M. Dighriri, A. Alotaibi, M. M. Mobarki, Wael M. Alsufyani, Sultan F. Almutairi, Fahad N. Alharthi, Mohammed H. Alessa, Dhafer G Alqahtani, Mohammed S. Almurayt, Shoug M. Aljuaid, R. A. Alotaibi, Nawaf R. Alsuwayidi, Khalaf A. Albaqqar, Othayman G. Alqahtani
The spread of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus continues to threaten global health. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the common causes of bacterial infections in hospitals and communities. Despite vancomycin being an effective treatment for MRSA, from 2006 to 2020, vancomycin-resistant MRSA increased 3.5-fold, from 5% to 7%. Bacterial genome mutations, as well as bacteria’s ability to transfer genetic material with other bacteria, allowing them to obtain resistance genes from different strains, are all factors contributing to the development of vancomycin resistance in MRSA. As a result, combination therapy may be a potential treatment for MRSA infection. We searched in PubMed and Google Scholar, and our search yielded 92 articles, out of which 74 full-text articles were reviewed and 56 were selected for this study. This literature review examines combination therapies for MRSA infections, such as -Lactams with vancomycin, linezolid and imipenem, daptomycin and ceftaroline. The review yielded several studies looking at the synergy between -lactams and vancomycin. Although linezolid and rifampicin demonstrate synergy against MRSA in vivo and in vitro in various invasion diseases, more clinical research is required to prove their efficacy. Furthermore, daptomycin plus ceftaroline shows synergy for refractory staphylococcal bacteremia in vivo and in vitro. Combining ceftaroline and daptomycin has two benefits: they work synergistically together and make the innate host defense peptide cathelicidin leucine-leucine-37 (LL-37) more sensitizing. Ceftaroline plus daptomycin was recently used in MRSA biofilm infections, demonstrating a potentially promising treatment as the first combination used without side effects in humans. Keywords: Bacteremia, Vancomycin, Daptomycin, Ceftaroline, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA.
{"title":"Overview Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Combination Treatment Options in Vivo and in Vitro","authors":"Ahmed Y Mobarki, Ibrahim M. Dighriri, A. Alotaibi, M. M. Mobarki, Wael M. Alsufyani, Sultan F. Almutairi, Fahad N. Alharthi, Mohammed H. Alessa, Dhafer G Alqahtani, Mohammed S. Almurayt, Shoug M. Aljuaid, R. A. Alotaibi, Nawaf R. Alsuwayidi, Khalaf A. Albaqqar, Othayman G. Alqahtani","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256058","url":null,"abstract":"The spread of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus continues to threaten global health. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the common causes of bacterial infections in hospitals and communities. Despite vancomycin being an effective treatment for MRSA, from 2006 to 2020, vancomycin-resistant MRSA increased 3.5-fold, from 5% to 7%. Bacterial genome mutations, as well as bacteria’s ability to transfer genetic material with other bacteria, allowing them to obtain resistance genes from different strains, are all factors contributing to the development of vancomycin resistance in MRSA. As a result, combination therapy may be a potential treatment for MRSA infection. We searched in PubMed and Google Scholar, and our search yielded 92 articles, out of which 74 full-text articles were reviewed and 56 were selected for this study. This literature review examines combination therapies for MRSA infections, such as -Lactams with vancomycin, linezolid and imipenem, daptomycin and ceftaroline. The review yielded several studies looking at the synergy between -lactams and vancomycin. Although linezolid and rifampicin demonstrate synergy against MRSA in vivo and in vitro in various invasion diseases, more clinical research is required to prove their efficacy. Furthermore, daptomycin plus ceftaroline shows synergy for refractory staphylococcal bacteremia in vivo and in vitro. Combining ceftaroline and daptomycin has two benefits: they work synergistically together and make the innate host defense peptide cathelicidin leucine-leucine-37 (LL-37) more sensitizing. Ceftaroline plus daptomycin was recently used in MRSA biofilm infections, demonstrating a potentially promising treatment as the first combination used without side effects in humans. Keywords: Bacteremia, Vancomycin, Daptomycin, Ceftaroline, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA.","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85111292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256052
M. Helvaci, A. Ozer, Aysenur Ceylan, M. Zengin, A. Abyad, Lesley Pocock
Background: We tried to understand whether or not there is a relationship between smoking and diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Current regular smokers for the last six months and age and sex-matched non-smokers were included. Patients with current alcohol consumption (one drink a day) and patients with malignancies or inflammatory, infectious, or devastating disorders were excluded. Results: The study included 247 smokers and 167 non-smokers. The mean age and body mass index (BMI) of smokers were 46.2 years and 26.6 kg/m2, respectively, and 70.0% of them were male. Although the mean weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and hematocrit values were similar in both groups, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and DM were lower in the smokers (102.3 versus 111.6 mg/dL, p=0.007 and 8.9% versus 14.3%, p<0.05, respectively). Similarly, high density lipoproteins (HDL) were lower in the smokers, again (40.9 versus 44.0 mg/dL, p<0.05). On the other hand, triglycerides (163.1 versus 151.3 mg/dL, p<0.05) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) (123.8 versus 117.5 mg/dL, p<0.05) were higher in the smokers. Parallel to triglycerides and LDL, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (10.6 versus 9.3 mm/h, p<0.05) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (2.3 versus 2.0 mg/L, p<0.05) were also higher in them. Conclusion: Smoking-induced low-grade inflammation on vascular endothelium in whole body may terminate with the endothelial dysfunction, accelerated atherosclerosis, end-organ insufficiencies, early aging, and premature death. FPG and HDL may be negative whereas triglycerides, LDL, ESR, and CRP positive acute phase reactants terminating with lower prevalence of DM but higher incidence of dyslipidemia in smokers. Key words: Smoking, fasting plasma glucose, diabetes mellitus, high density lipoproteins, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, dyslipidemia
背景:我们试图了解吸烟与糖尿病(DM)之间是否存在关系。方法:包括最近六个月的经常吸烟者和年龄和性别匹配的非吸烟者。目前饮酒(每天一杯)的患者和患有恶性肿瘤或炎症性、传染性或破坏性疾病的患者被排除在外。结果:该研究包括247名吸烟者和167名非吸烟者。吸烟者的平均年龄为46.2岁，体重指数(BMI)为26.6 kg/m2，男性占70.0%。尽管两组的平均体重、BMI、收缩压和舒张压以及红细胞压比值相似，但吸烟者的空腹血糖(FPG)和糖尿病(DM)较低(102.3对111.6 mg/dL, p=0.007和8.9%对14.3%，p<0.05)。同样，吸烟者的高密度脂蛋白(HDL)也较低(40.9 mg/dL比44.0 mg/dL, p<0.05)。另一方面，吸烟者的甘油三酯(163.1 vs 151.3 mg/dL, p<0.05)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL) (123.8 vs 117.5 mg/dL, p<0.05)较高。与甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白平行，红细胞沉降率(ESR)(10.6比9.3 mm/h, p<0.05)和c反应蛋白(CRP)(2.3比2.0 mg/L, p<0.05)也较高。结论:吸烟引起的全身血管内皮低度炎症可导致内皮功能障碍、动脉粥样硬化加速、终末器官功能不全、早衰、早死。FPG和HDL可能呈阴性，而甘油三酯、LDL、ESR和CRP急性期反应物呈阳性，在吸烟者中DM患病率较低，但血脂异常发生率较高。关键词:吸烟，空腹血糖，糖尿病，高密度脂蛋白，甘油三酯，低密度脂蛋白，血脂异常
{"title":"What a lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus but higher incidence of dyslipidemia in smokers","authors":"M. Helvaci, A. Ozer, Aysenur Ceylan, M. Zengin, A. Abyad, Lesley Pocock","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256052","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We tried to understand whether or not there is a relationship between smoking and diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Current regular smokers for the last six months and age and sex-matched non-smokers were included. Patients with current alcohol consumption (one drink a day) and patients with malignancies or inflammatory, infectious, or devastating disorders were excluded. Results: The study included 247 smokers and 167 non-smokers. The mean age and body mass index (BMI) of smokers were 46.2 years and 26.6 kg/m2, respectively, and 70.0% of them were male. Although the mean weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and hematocrit values were similar in both groups, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and DM were lower in the smokers (102.3 versus 111.6 mg/dL, p=0.007 and 8.9% versus 14.3%, p<0.05, respectively). Similarly, high density lipoproteins (HDL) were lower in the smokers, again (40.9 versus 44.0 mg/dL, p<0.05). On the other hand, triglycerides (163.1 versus 151.3 mg/dL, p<0.05) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) (123.8 versus 117.5 mg/dL, p<0.05) were higher in the smokers. Parallel to triglycerides and LDL, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (10.6 versus 9.3 mm/h, p<0.05) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (2.3 versus 2.0 mg/L, p<0.05) were also higher in them. Conclusion: Smoking-induced low-grade inflammation on vascular endothelium in whole body may terminate with the endothelial dysfunction, accelerated atherosclerosis, end-organ insufficiencies, early aging, and premature death. FPG and HDL may be negative whereas triglycerides, LDL, ESR, and CRP positive acute phase reactants terminating with lower prevalence of DM but higher incidence of dyslipidemia in smokers. Key words: Smoking, fasting plasma glucose, diabetes mellitus, high density lipoproteins, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, dyslipidemia","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78805744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256096m
Hanaa Hamadallah
This case report introduces a 9-year-old girl with a known case of Williams Syndrome (WS) who presented with chronic dry cough to the pediatric pulmonologist clinic. The diagnosis of asthma was established based on detailed history, physical examination, and chest x-rays. She was treated with Budesonide nebulizer twice a day and Montelukast once daily. Afterwards, the patient had immediate clinical improvement. In reviewing the literature, we found that some individuals with WS had a history of asthma or wheezing. However, more research is needed to fully understand the exact relationship between the development of respiratory diseases and Williams Syndrome. Key words: Williams syndrome, Asthma, Children
{"title":"The manifestations of asthma in a child with Williams Syndrome","authors":"Hanaa Hamadallah","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256096m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256096m","url":null,"abstract":"This case report introduces a 9-year-old girl with a known case of Williams Syndrome (WS) who presented with chronic dry cough to the pediatric pulmonologist clinic. The diagnosis of asthma was established based on detailed history, physical examination, and chest x-rays. She was treated with Budesonide nebulizer twice a day and Montelukast once daily. Afterwards, the patient had immediate clinical improvement. In reviewing the literature, we found that some individuals with WS had a history of asthma or wheezing. However, more research is needed to fully understand the exact relationship between the development of respiratory diseases and Williams Syndrome. Key words: Williams syndrome, Asthma, Children","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73909713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256088
Amer Omer Bin Al-Zou
Background: Pemphigus is a rare disease with an incidence range from 0.5 to 32.0 per 1,000,000 in different geographic areas and ethnic groups. Objective: To describe the epidemiological and clinical pattern of pemphigus. Materials and methods: The records of 68 patients diagnosed with pemphigus were reviewed. Documented information of the patients during the period of January 2018 to December 2022 were extracted. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The collected data were tabulated and statistical analysis was done by estimating rates, means and standard deviations. The chi-square test was used to compare final outcomes. Fisher test was used and p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The total study patients were 68. They were (61.8%) females and (38.2%) males. The mean age at the onset of disease was 49.1 ± 14.4 years. Pemphigus vulgaris was the most common type (88.2%), followed by pemphigus foliaceus (10.3%). The most common site of involvement of pemphigus was in mucocutaneous (72.1%). Most of the patients (60.3%) were treated by a combination of corticosteroid and azathioprine, (p = 0.000). The complete remission of lesions after 2 months was (73.5%). Conclusion: Pemphigus vulgaris was the most common type. Females were predominant and the patients of the age group 50 years and the age group > 50 years were to some extent equally affected. The most common site of involvement was mucocutaneous. Most of the patients were treated by a combination of corticosteroid and azathioprine. Key words: Pemphigus, clinical study, Aden, Yemen
{"title":"Pemphigus: Clinical study of 68 patients 5 years ago in Aden, Yemen","authors":"Amer Omer Bin Al-Zou","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256088","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pemphigus is a rare disease with an incidence range from 0.5 to 32.0 per 1,000,000 in different geographic areas and ethnic groups. Objective: To describe the epidemiological and clinical pattern of pemphigus. Materials and methods: The records of 68 patients diagnosed with pemphigus were reviewed. Documented information of the patients during the period of January 2018 to December 2022 were extracted. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The collected data were tabulated and statistical analysis was done by estimating rates, means and standard deviations. The chi-square test was used to compare final outcomes. Fisher test was used and p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The total study patients were 68. They were (61.8%) females and (38.2%) males. The mean age at the onset of disease was 49.1 ± 14.4 years. Pemphigus vulgaris was the most common type (88.2%), followed by pemphigus foliaceus (10.3%). The most common site of involvement of pemphigus was in mucocutaneous (72.1%). Most of the patients (60.3%) were treated by a combination of corticosteroid and azathioprine, (p = 0.000). The complete remission of lesions after 2 months was (73.5%). Conclusion: Pemphigus vulgaris was the most common type. Females were predominant and the patients of the age group 50 years and the age group > 50 years were to some extent equally affected. The most common site of involvement was mucocutaneous. Most of the patients were treated by a combination of corticosteroid and azathioprine. Key words: Pemphigus, clinical study, Aden, Yemen","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80396834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256032
Abdullah M. Al-Shahrani
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading chronic disease worldwide. During the COVID-19 pandemic, primary healthcare centers were the main entry point for patients with diabetes. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic strained the primary healthcare system, including diabetic care. Objective: This study aimed to carry out an assessment of diabetes care challenges from the perspective of primary care physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 May 2021 and 30 June 2021 in primary health centers using a self-report questionnaire from PHC physicians. Challenges in providing health services for type 2 diabetes were assessed. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS software using descriptive statistics, T-tests, chi-square tests, and the ANOVA test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Two hundred and twenty-two primary care physicians participated in the study. Half of them, 114 (51%), had adequate confidentiality in treating patients with COVID-19. The majority of participating physicians (216; 97.3%) faced challenges in managing diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic (p-value 0.05). Male, non-Saudi physicians > 40 years, working in rural areas, without training were more likely to have faced challenges managing DM patients during COVID-19 (p-value 0.05). Conclusions: Most PHC physicians face challenges in managing patients with diabetes mellitus who have COVID-19. Decision makers should increase preparedness for future emergencies to address the significant challenges identified. Keywords: primary healthcare; physicians; COVID-19; chronic diseases; diabetes
{"title":"Diabetic Care Challenges during COVID-19 Pandemic: Primary Healthcare Physicians’ Perspective","authors":"Abdullah M. Al-Shahrani","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256032","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading chronic disease worldwide. During the COVID-19 pandemic, primary healthcare centers were the main entry point for patients with diabetes. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic strained the primary healthcare system, including diabetic care. Objective: This study aimed to carry out an assessment of diabetes care challenges from the perspective of primary care physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bisha, Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 May 2021 and 30 June 2021 in primary health centers using a self-report questionnaire from PHC physicians. Challenges in providing health services for type 2 diabetes were assessed. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS software using descriptive statistics, T-tests, chi-square tests, and the ANOVA test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Two hundred and twenty-two primary care physicians participated in the study. Half of them, 114 (51%), had adequate confidentiality in treating patients with COVID-19. The majority of participating physicians (216; 97.3%) faced challenges in managing diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic (p-value 0.05). Male, non-Saudi physicians > 40 years, working in rural areas, without training were more likely to have faced challenges managing DM patients during COVID-19 (p-value 0.05). Conclusions: Most PHC physicians face challenges in managing patients with diabetes mellitus who have COVID-19. Decision makers should increase preparedness for future emergencies to address the significant challenges identified. Keywords: primary healthcare; physicians; COVID-19; chronic diseases; diabetes","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78475272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256071
H. Hussein, Radwa M. Elsayed, Eman I. Elmeshmeshy, Eman M. Abd el-Sattar
Background: Vaccines are the most important strategy to overcome the global pandemic of COVID 19. Although the vaccine’s protective effectiveness is commonly addressed, little is known regarding the adverse effects after vaccination. Therefore, this study’s primary objective was to study the prevalence of different COVID-19 vaccine side effects among the early vaccinated healthcare workers in Egypt. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done to assess the post vaccination symptoms among the health care workers who were vaccinated with COVID vaccine in Egypt. Results: One hundred and ninety-two health care workers (HCWs) responded to this questionnaire. The most common symptoms reported after the 1st dose of vaccination were pain at injection site (81.7%), followed by tiredness (70.7%) then myalgia and bone pain (62.8%). The most reported distressing symptoms after the 2nd dose were local pain at injection site (18.8%), tiredness (13.6%) and headache (10.5%). Conclusion: We concluded that post vaccination symptoms among health care workers were mild, short symptoms, and there were no serious adverse effects after the first dose as well as the second dose. The majority of participants did not report COVID-19 infection after vaccination which confirms the efficacy and safety of the vaccine. Key words: Covid vaccine, healthcare workers, Egypt
{"title":"Post COVID 19 vaccination symptoms among the health care workers in Egypt","authors":"H. Hussein, Radwa M. Elsayed, Eman I. Elmeshmeshy, Eman M. Abd el-Sattar","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256071","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vaccines are the most important strategy to overcome the global pandemic of COVID 19. Although the vaccine’s protective effectiveness is commonly addressed, little is known regarding the adverse effects after vaccination. Therefore, this study’s primary objective was to study the prevalence of different COVID-19 vaccine side effects among the early vaccinated healthcare workers in Egypt. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done to assess the post vaccination symptoms among the health care workers who were vaccinated with COVID vaccine in Egypt. Results: One hundred and ninety-two health care workers (HCWs) responded to this questionnaire. The most common symptoms reported after the 1st dose of vaccination were pain at injection site (81.7%), followed by tiredness (70.7%) then myalgia and bone pain (62.8%). The most reported distressing symptoms after the 2nd dose were local pain at injection site (18.8%), tiredness (13.6%) and headache (10.5%). Conclusion: We concluded that post vaccination symptoms among health care workers were mild, short symptoms, and there were no serious adverse effects after the first dose as well as the second dose. The majority of participants did not report COVID-19 infection after vaccination which confirms the efficacy and safety of the vaccine. Key words: Covid vaccine, healthcare workers, Egypt","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88057060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256075
Khalid A. Bin Abdulrahman, Abdulmajeed A Al-Habdan, Mazen A. Al-Bogami, Abdulmalik E. Al-Dhafyan, Ahmed A. Basendwah
Background: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a group of eye and vision-related symptoms resulting from prolonged and extensive use of electronic devices. Such symptoms include blurry vision, dry eyes, watery eyes, headaches, fatigue, and neck pain. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of CVS and the frequency of exercising ergonomic practices among undergraduate medical students attending several medical colleges in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study surveyed 1,014 undergraduate medical students from several medical colleges in Riyadh. Data collection was held for four weeks throughout July-August 2021. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21. CVS-Q manual was implemented as the scoring system. Results: Out of the total surveyed medical students, 85.5% reported using electronic devices for educational purposes. Neck pains (42.5%), headaches (39.4%), and eye dryness (38.6%) were the most frequent symptoms. 60.8% of students were found CVS-positive. Male students were significantly less predicted to have CVS than female students (P<0.001). Brightness levels of screens correlated substantially with the risk of CVS (P=0.035) as more students who used bright backlight were found CVS-positive compared to those who did not. Conclusion: CVS and its associated symptoms were relatively common among medical students. Future studies are necessary to measure CVS across larger samples. Further awareness and routine ophthalmic assessments are imperative to mitigate this issue and promote ocular health. Keywords: Computer Vision Syndrome, Medical Students, Saudi Arabia, Electronic Devices.
背景:计算机视觉综合征(Computer Vision Syndrome, CVS)是由于长时间和广泛使用电子设备而引起的一组眼睛和视力相关症状。这些症状包括视力模糊、眼睛干涩、流泪、头痛、疲劳和颈部疼痛。本研究旨在测量在沙特阿拉伯利雅得的几所医学院就读的本科医学生的CVS患病率和进行人体工程学实践的频率。方法:一项横断面研究调查了来自利雅得几所医学院的1,014名本科医学生。数据收集在2021年7月至8月期间进行了四周。使用IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21对数据进行分析。CVS-Q手册作为评分系统实现。结果:在接受调查的医学生中，85.5%的人报告使用电子设备用于教育目的。颈痛(42.5%)、头痛(39.4%)和眼干(38.6%)是最常见的症状。60.8%的学生检测出cvs阳性。男生的CVS预测值明显低于女生(P<0.001)。屏幕亮度水平与CVS风险显著相关(P=0.035)，因为使用明亮背光的学生比不使用明亮背光的学生更容易患CVS。结论:CVS及其相关症状在医学生中较为常见。未来的研究需要在更大的样本中测量CVS。进一步的认识和常规眼科评估是必要的，以减轻这一问题，促进眼部健康。关键词:计算机视觉综合征，医学生，沙特阿拉伯，电子设备
{"title":"Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome among undergraduate medical students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A multi-university cross-sectional study","authors":"Khalid A. Bin Abdulrahman, Abdulmajeed A Al-Habdan, Mazen A. Al-Bogami, Abdulmalik E. Al-Dhafyan, Ahmed A. Basendwah","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256075","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a group of eye and vision-related symptoms resulting from prolonged and extensive use of electronic devices. Such symptoms include blurry vision, dry eyes, watery eyes, headaches, fatigue, and neck pain. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of CVS and the frequency of exercising ergonomic practices among undergraduate medical students attending several medical colleges in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study surveyed 1,014 undergraduate medical students from several medical colleges in Riyadh. Data collection was held for four weeks throughout July-August 2021. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21. CVS-Q manual was implemented as the scoring system. Results: Out of the total surveyed medical students, 85.5% reported using electronic devices for educational purposes. Neck pains (42.5%), headaches (39.4%), and eye dryness (38.6%) were the most frequent symptoms. 60.8% of students were found CVS-positive. Male students were significantly less predicted to have CVS than female students (P<0.001). Brightness levels of screens correlated substantially with the risk of CVS (P=0.035) as more students who used bright backlight were found CVS-positive compared to those who did not. Conclusion: CVS and its associated symptoms were relatively common among medical students. Future studies are necessary to measure CVS across larger samples. Further awareness and routine ophthalmic assessments are imperative to mitigate this issue and promote ocular health. Keywords: Computer Vision Syndrome, Medical Students, Saudi Arabia, Electronic Devices.","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83979213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：