Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257003
A. Alshehri, Lujain K. Bukhari, Shatha A Almasswary, Sahar M. Alotaibi, Raghad Y. AlQahatani, H. A. Althumairy, Enas A. Al Mudawi
Introduction: The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the nose. When it doesn’t function properly, it’s called Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD). This can lead to symptoms like muffled hearing, popping sounds, and discomfort. Recent studies in Saudi Arabia found high ETD prevalence rates (around 42.49%). ETD can cause ear issues and impact daily life. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of ETD in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among the population of Aseer region in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected through an online self-administered questionnaire (ETDQ-7). Data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: Only 4% of participants had a history of Eustachian tube dysfunction. Hearing loss was reported by 27.3%, with 23.3% having a family history of it. Gender-wise, 31.86% of females and 17.71% of males had a history of hearing loss, the difference being statistically significant (p=0.007). Smoking exhibited a strong correlation, with 60.98% of smokers and 22.01% of non-smokers reporting hearing loss, the difference being highly significant (p=0.0001). Ear-related issues were prevalent, such as severe pain (41%), underwater sensation (36%), and cold-related problems (23%). Additionally, symptoms like cracking sounds (12%), ringing (16%), and muffled hearing (22%) were noted, sometimes affecting both ears (29%). Conclusion: A significant association was found between smoking and hearing loss. Gender and smoking habits showed significant correlations with hearing loss. The low prevalence of ETD warrants further investigation. These findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge on auditory health and could inform targeted interventions for hearing-related issues in the region. Keywords: Eustachian Tube, Dysfunction, Prevalence, Risk factors, population, Saudi Arabia
{"title":"Prevalence of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction and Its Associated Factors among the General Public in Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia","authors":"A. Alshehri, Lujain K. Bukhari, Shatha A Almasswary, Sahar M. Alotaibi, Raghad Y. AlQahatani, H. A. Althumairy, Enas A. Al Mudawi","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the nose. When it doesn’t function properly, it’s called Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD). This can lead to symptoms like muffled hearing, popping sounds, and discomfort. Recent studies in Saudi Arabia found high ETD prevalence rates (around 42.49%). ETD can cause ear issues and impact daily life. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of ETD in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among the population of Aseer region in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected through an online self-administered questionnaire (ETDQ-7). Data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: Only 4% of participants had a history of Eustachian tube dysfunction. Hearing loss was reported by 27.3%, with 23.3% having a family history of it. Gender-wise, 31.86% of females and 17.71% of males had a history of hearing loss, the difference being statistically significant (p=0.007). Smoking exhibited a strong correlation, with 60.98% of smokers and 22.01% of non-smokers reporting hearing loss, the difference being highly significant (p=0.0001). Ear-related issues were prevalent, such as severe pain (41%), underwater sensation (36%), and cold-related problems (23%). Additionally, symptoms like cracking sounds (12%), ringing (16%), and muffled hearing (22%) were noted, sometimes affecting both ears (29%). Conclusion: A significant association was found between smoking and hearing loss. Gender and smoking habits showed significant correlations with hearing loss. The low prevalence of ETD warrants further investigation. These findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge on auditory health and could inform targeted interventions for hearing-related issues in the region. Keywords: Eustachian Tube, Dysfunction, Prevalence, Risk factors, population, Saudi Arabia","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"14 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257001
Samira Khatir Ali Fadlalla
Much research has been conducted in many countries on the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of haemodialysis patients, but few have been conducted in Khartoum, Sudan. All studies have shown that patients’ Quality of Life regarding the dimensions of physical, psychological, social, and environmental was affected by the disease. Previous research ignored the impact of religious beliefs on haemodialysis patients. We used the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (the English standard version) to collect data from 181 participating patients. Religious beliefs had a significant impact on the overall outcome of the study, and strong social relationships among the Sudanese population (which distinguishes the Sudanese population from other nations) increased the patients’ satisfaction rate with their social relationships. The lack of transport facilities from the patients’ homes to the dialysis center (and vice versa) forced the patients to reduce the number of prescribed sessions. Background: In recent decades, Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) endpoints have proven to be valuable research tools for evaluating the outcomes of therapeutic interventions in chronic diseases. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is one such chronic disease that leads to a high degree of disability in various aspects of the patient’s life and impairs their quality of life. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to assess the QoL in haemodialysis patients concerning their physical, psychological, social, and environmental health dimensions, and to assess the effects of age, sex, income, and level of education, in addition, to identify modifiable factors in Khartoum Sudan, associated with Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among chronic haemodialysis patients. Instrument and Material: A sample of 181 patients was recruited for this study. To collect the data we used the WHOQOL-BREF (the English standard version), a generic health-related questionnaire developed by the WHOQOL group and available in 19 different languagesThe English standard version was recommended by Mrs Sibel Volcan (WHOQOL representative) because it is best suited to Sudan. Scoring and Validation of WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire: A detailed step-by-step guide to using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was clearly explained to me in a separate document by the WHOQOL representative. Results: Religious beliefs have a significant impact on the overall outcome of the study. No correlation was found between patients’ age, gender, and quality of life. Physical pain prevented 63.5% of the participating patients from doing what they needed to do, 49.2% of the haemodialysis patients had the energy to carry out their daily activities, 71.8 were satisfied with their sleep, 34.3% often had a negative feeling, 83% were satisfied with their sex life, 2.8% do not have a physically healthy environment, 43.3% were dissatisfied with the condition of their living spaces, the transportation was a nightmare for the majority of pat
{"title":"Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Haemodialysis Patients in Khartoum, Sudan","authors":"Samira Khatir Ali Fadlalla","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257001","url":null,"abstract":"Much research has been conducted in many countries on the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of haemodialysis patients, but few have been conducted in Khartoum, Sudan. All studies have shown that patients’ Quality of Life regarding the dimensions of physical, psychological, social, and environmental was affected by the disease. Previous research ignored the impact of religious beliefs on haemodialysis patients. We used the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (the English standard version) to collect data from 181 participating patients. Religious beliefs had a significant impact on the overall outcome of the study, and strong social relationships among the Sudanese population (which distinguishes the Sudanese population from other nations) increased the patients’ satisfaction rate with their social relationships. The lack of transport facilities from the patients’ homes to the dialysis center (and vice versa) forced the patients to reduce the number of prescribed sessions. Background: In recent decades, Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) endpoints have proven to be valuable research tools for evaluating the outcomes of therapeutic interventions in chronic diseases. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is one such chronic disease that leads to a high degree of disability in various aspects of the patient’s life and impairs their quality of life. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to assess the QoL in haemodialysis patients concerning their physical, psychological, social, and environmental health dimensions, and to assess the effects of age, sex, income, and level of education, in addition, to identify modifiable factors in Khartoum Sudan, associated with Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among chronic haemodialysis patients. Instrument and Material: A sample of 181 patients was recruited for this study. To collect the data we used the WHOQOL-BREF (the English standard version), a generic health-related questionnaire developed by the WHOQOL group and available in 19 different languagesThe English standard version was recommended by Mrs Sibel Volcan (WHOQOL representative) because it is best suited to Sudan. Scoring and Validation of WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire: A detailed step-by-step guide to using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was clearly explained to me in a separate document by the WHOQOL representative. Results: Religious beliefs have a significant impact on the overall outcome of the study. No correlation was found between patients’ age, gender, and quality of life. Physical pain prevented 63.5% of the participating patients from doing what they needed to do, 49.2% of the haemodialysis patients had the energy to carry out their daily activities, 71.8 were satisfied with their sleep, 34.3% often had a negative feeling, 83% were satisfied with their sex life, 2.8% do not have a physically healthy environment, 43.3% were dissatisfied with the condition of their living spaces, the transportation was a nightmare for the majority of pat","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"68 S5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139396032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257007
Mohsin Younas, Mohammed Saliem
Introduction: Comprehensive analysis was conducted on available guidelines to identify gaps in the available evidence for effective approaches to lipid management. The four guidelines included in the review are NICE, ESC, CCS and AHA/ACC/MS. Method: Multiple databases were explored to locate relevant guidelines published within the past decade, until June 17, 2023. A qualitative comparison was made regarding recommendations on testing frequency, lipid-lowering therapies, and target cholesterol levels. Results: All the guidelines unanimously advocated for statins as the primary therapy for reducing lipid levels. Noteworthy disparities were observed in the recommended cholesterol targets across the various guidelines. Each guideline provided a specific target for the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). For long-term patient monitoring, many of the guidelines (n=2) recommended annual reviews, although some variations were noted, suggesting intervals ranging from 3 weeks to 12 months. Conclusion: All the guidelines have the same scope, despite a few disparities, future research should focus on resolving these differences and on optimizing the preventive measures for lipid management. Keywords: lipid management, guidelines, review
{"title":"A Review of Lipid Management Guidelines","authors":"Mohsin Younas, Mohammed Saliem","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257007","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Comprehensive analysis was conducted on available guidelines to identify gaps in the available evidence for effective approaches to lipid management. The four guidelines included in the review are NICE, ESC, CCS and AHA/ACC/MS. Method: Multiple databases were explored to locate relevant guidelines published within the past decade, until June 17, 2023. A qualitative comparison was made regarding recommendations on testing frequency, lipid-lowering therapies, and target cholesterol levels. Results: All the guidelines unanimously advocated for statins as the primary therapy for reducing lipid levels. Noteworthy disparities were observed in the recommended cholesterol targets across the various guidelines. Each guideline provided a specific target for the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). For long-term patient monitoring, many of the guidelines (n=2) recommended annual reviews, although some variations were noted, suggesting intervals ranging from 3 weeks to 12 months. Conclusion: All the guidelines have the same scope, despite a few disparities, future research should focus on resolving these differences and on optimizing the preventive measures for lipid management. Keywords: lipid management, guidelines, review","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"116 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139453785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257006
A. Alshehri, Marwah Saad Mohammed Al Jallal, Naif K Mahzara, Ghadah Alruwaili, Sara Ali Ahmed Asiri, Meshari Ghazi Alharbi, Ali Moteb S Alzahrani, Lama Abdulelah AlSenani, Abdullah Ahmad Alkurdi, Abdullah Awon A. Alsalooli
Introduction: Cerumen or ear wax is a normal secretion from sebaceous and ceruminous glands found in the external auditory canal with an antimicrobial effect. Self-ear cleaning practice is reported among different populations with different tools that may be harmful to the ear. Aim: The current study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of self-ear cleaning among the general population in KSA. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey based on an online structured questionnaire distributed over Saudi Arabia’s different regions was conducted during the period from……. to … . The final questionnaire was uploaded online using social media platforms till no more responses were added. The first section concerns demographic characteristics such as gender, age, education, and income. The second section is continuing questions about self-ear cleaning and awareness. The third covered data about self-ear cleaning practices and complications. Results: A total of 503 eligible participants completed the study questionnaire, 210 (41.7%) from the western region, 147 (29.2%) from the central region, 78 (15.5%) from the southern region, and others from other regions. Participants’ ages ranged from 18 to about 60 years with a mean age of 27.5 ± 12.9 years old. A total of 304 (60.4%) participants were females. A total of 324 (64.4%) of the participants had an overall good knowledge and perception of self-ear cleaning. Exactly 420 (83.5%) practice self-ear cleaning, and most of them (95.5%) do it for both ears; ear sticks were the most commonly used tools (61.9%) followed by tissues (28.8%). Conclusion: The study has shown that the public is highly aware of the risks, methods, and tools used in self-ear cleaning. More than three-quarters of people surveyed reported using ear sticks to clean their ears, and the majority of them experienced no negative symptoms or complications after cleaning. Keywords Self-ear cleaning, practice, knowledge, awareness, prevalence, attitude, complications, Saudi Arabia.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Self-ear cleaning among the General Population in KSA","authors":"A. Alshehri, Marwah Saad Mohammed Al Jallal, Naif K Mahzara, Ghadah Alruwaili, Sara Ali Ahmed Asiri, Meshari Ghazi Alharbi, Ali Moteb S Alzahrani, Lama Abdulelah AlSenani, Abdullah Ahmad Alkurdi, Abdullah Awon A. Alsalooli","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257006","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cerumen or ear wax is a normal secretion from sebaceous and ceruminous glands found in the external auditory canal with an antimicrobial effect. Self-ear cleaning practice is reported among different populations with different tools that may be harmful to the ear. Aim: The current study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of self-ear cleaning among the general population in KSA. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey based on an online structured questionnaire distributed over Saudi Arabia’s different regions was conducted during the period from……. to … . The final questionnaire was uploaded online using social media platforms till no more responses were added. The first section concerns demographic characteristics such as gender, age, education, and income. The second section is continuing questions about self-ear cleaning and awareness. The third covered data about self-ear cleaning practices and complications. Results: A total of 503 eligible participants completed the study questionnaire, 210 (41.7%) from the western region, 147 (29.2%) from the central region, 78 (15.5%) from the southern region, and others from other regions. Participants’ ages ranged from 18 to about 60 years with a mean age of 27.5 ± 12.9 years old. A total of 304 (60.4%) participants were females. A total of 324 (64.4%) of the participants had an overall good knowledge and perception of self-ear cleaning. Exactly 420 (83.5%) practice self-ear cleaning, and most of them (95.5%) do it for both ears; ear sticks were the most commonly used tools (61.9%) followed by tissues (28.8%). Conclusion: The study has shown that the public is highly aware of the risks, methods, and tools used in self-ear cleaning. More than three-quarters of people surveyed reported using ear sticks to clean their ears, and the majority of them experienced no negative symptoms or complications after cleaning. Keywords Self-ear cleaning, practice, knowledge, awareness, prevalence, attitude, complications, Saudi Arabia.","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"18 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139457967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257005
Ahmed Mohammed Mohialdin, Salem Hmoud Salem Alswayda, Hammad Yousef Alomaim, Motab Ali Saud Alsulaiman, Hamoud Ali Almatrood, Hassan Salamah Alfuhaid, Shamekh Rshaid Alshammari, Ibrahim Abdullah Alnais, O. M. Alassaf
This is a cross-sectional study conducted on the adult female population of Hail city. Informed consent was obtained from the participants through the electronic survey. The sample size needed to enroll was 384, estimated from the total female population of Hail city 267,113 by Raosoft sample size calculator, with a 95% confidence interval and 5% margin of error (General Authority for statistics). All Saudi females in Hail city constituted the study population. However, all non-Saudi females and males, Saudi or otherwise, were excluded from the study population. We used the Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT) which was pre-validated, translated to Arabic, and self-answered questionnaire. The OKAT survey is a valid measurement of knowledge of risk factors for osteoporosis, (Tania M Winzenberg et al, 2003). It consists of 20 statements; the first 12 assess the knowledge of osteoporosis, 4 questions assess the attitude towards osteoporosis and the last 4 questions assess the preventive factors of osteoporosis. Each statement has three choices, true, false, and I do not know. The OKAT survey was translated into Arabic language which is found to be reliable and acceptable according to Sayed-Hassan et al. The questionnaire was distributed randomly through social media platforms during the period from March to May 2020. Keywords: Knowledge, awareness, practice, osteoporosis, Saudi Arabia
{"title":"The Level of Knowledge, Awareness, and Practice Regarding Osteoporosis among Female Adults in Hail city, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Ahmed Mohammed Mohialdin, Salem Hmoud Salem Alswayda, Hammad Yousef Alomaim, Motab Ali Saud Alsulaiman, Hamoud Ali Almatrood, Hassan Salamah Alfuhaid, Shamekh Rshaid Alshammari, Ibrahim Abdullah Alnais, O. M. Alassaf","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2024.95257005","url":null,"abstract":"This is a cross-sectional study conducted on the adult female population of Hail city. Informed consent was obtained from the participants through the electronic survey. The sample size needed to enroll was 384, estimated from the total female population of Hail city 267,113 by Raosoft sample size calculator, with a 95% confidence interval and 5% margin of error (General Authority for statistics). All Saudi females in Hail city constituted the study population. However, all non-Saudi females and males, Saudi or otherwise, were excluded from the study population. We used the Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT) which was pre-validated, translated to Arabic, and self-answered questionnaire. The OKAT survey is a valid measurement of knowledge of risk factors for osteoporosis, (Tania M Winzenberg et al, 2003). It consists of 20 statements; the first 12 assess the knowledge of osteoporosis, 4 questions assess the attitude towards osteoporosis and the last 4 questions assess the preventive factors of osteoporosis. Each statement has three choices, true, false, and I do not know. The OKAT survey was translated into Arabic language which is found to be reliable and acceptable according to Sayed-Hassan et al. The questionnaire was distributed randomly through social media platforms during the period from March to May 2020. Keywords: Knowledge, awareness, practice, osteoporosis, Saudi Arabia","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"81 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139458246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256214
Ali Alshareef, Bandar Saeed Alqahtani, T. Alasiri, Waleed Ali A Alqahtani, Mohaned Saeed Mohaned Saeed, Abdulaziz Atiah Alshehri, Mohammed Abdullah, Saeed Ibrahim Alqahtani
Background: Chronic pain is a common clinical feature that accompanies osteopathy. Knowledge and attitudes of both patients and their treating clinicians would influence the patients’ outcomes and pain control. Objective: This systematic review will provide an understanding of the knowledge and attitudes of patients and clinicians towards musculoskeletal pain accompanying osteopathy. Method: Different keywords were used to search the medical literature, including: “knowledge” OR “Attitude” AND “Osteopathy” AND “Pain” AND “patient” OR “clinician.” The search databases included Medline, Embase PubMed, and SCOPUS. The following step was reviewing the results to ensure that they were original research articles that examined the knowledge and attitudes about chronic musculoskeletal pain with osteopathy. All the eligible studies needed to mention the type of participants examined (either patients or clinicians). Result: A total of 89 studies were obtained. After removing review articles and choosing original research studies solely, 11 studies appeared from the filtration process. Eight research articles were eligible. All the included studies had a quantitative cross-sectional design. Only health care professionals were asked about osteopathy, where all the studies included osteopaths from different countries, except one study that included physiotherapists. Osteopaths knew about the benefits of osteopathy, particularly for lower back pain; however, their knowledge about biopsychosocial factors requires improvement. Conclusion: Knowledge about osteopathy benefits for controlling chronic musculoskeletal pain should be improved even among osteopaths. Awareness campaigns about osteopathy are also needed for patients in orthopedic and physiotherapy clinics. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Chronic pain, Musculoskeletal, Osteopathy.
{"title":"Knowledge and attitude towards chronic musculoskeletal pain treated with osteopathy, a systematic review","authors":"Ali Alshareef, Bandar Saeed Alqahtani, T. Alasiri, Waleed Ali A Alqahtani, Mohaned Saeed Mohaned Saeed, Abdulaziz Atiah Alshehri, Mohammed Abdullah, Saeed Ibrahim Alqahtani","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256214","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic pain is a common clinical feature that accompanies osteopathy. Knowledge and attitudes of both patients and their treating clinicians would influence the patients’ outcomes and pain control. Objective: This systematic review will provide an understanding of the knowledge and attitudes of patients and clinicians towards musculoskeletal pain accompanying osteopathy. Method: Different keywords were used to search the medical literature, including: “knowledge” OR “Attitude” AND “Osteopathy” AND “Pain” AND “patient” OR “clinician.” The search databases included Medline, Embase PubMed, and SCOPUS. The following step was reviewing the results to ensure that they were original research articles that examined the knowledge and attitudes about chronic musculoskeletal pain with osteopathy. All the eligible studies needed to mention the type of participants examined (either patients or clinicians). Result: A total of 89 studies were obtained. After removing review articles and choosing original research studies solely, 11 studies appeared from the filtration process. Eight research articles were eligible. All the included studies had a quantitative cross-sectional design. Only health care professionals were asked about osteopathy, where all the studies included osteopaths from different countries, except one study that included physiotherapists. Osteopaths knew about the benefits of osteopathy, particularly for lower back pain; however, their knowledge about biopsychosocial factors requires improvement. Conclusion: Knowledge about osteopathy benefits for controlling chronic musculoskeletal pain should be improved even among osteopaths. Awareness campaigns about osteopathy are also needed for patients in orthopedic and physiotherapy clinics. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Chronic pain, Musculoskeletal, Osteopathy.","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"7 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139188490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256220
Fatimah Khalid Alonazi, Ranyah Mohammed Almass, Intisar Ayed Alkhaldi
Background: Paediatric palliative care is a specialized approach designed to improve the quality of life for children facing life-limiting illnesses, and their families. This comprehensive review explores the various interventions implemented within the realm of paediatric palliative care, encompassing physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions. Methods : A systematic literature search was conducted across major medical databases, identifying studies, reviews, and guidelines related to paediatric palliative care interventions. The selected articles were critically appraised to extract information on diverse aspects of care, including symptom management, psychosocial support, family-centred approaches, and ethical considerations. Results: The review synthesizes evidence on the holistic nature of paediatric palliative care, highlighting the effectiveness of multidisciplinary teams in addressing the complex needs of children and their families. Physical symptom management, encompassing pain control and other symptom alleviation strategies, emerged as a crucial component. Psychosocial support interventions, including counselling and therapeutic approaches, were found to enhance emotional well-being for both children and their caregivers. Discussion: Effective communication emerged as a fundamental aspect, fostering shared decision-making and open dialogue about the child’s illness, prognosis, and treatment options. The family-centred approach recognized the pivotal role of families in the care continuum, emphasizing their needs and preferences. Ethical considerations surrounding end-of-life care were explored, emphasizing the importance of navigating complex decision-making processes with sensitivity and respect for cultural and religious beliefs. Conclusion: Paediatric palliative care, as revealed through this comprehensive review, constitutes a multifaceted and evolving field. The integration of diverse interventions, coupled with ongoing research and advancements, underscores the commitment to enhancing the quality of life for children facing life-limiting illnesses and their families. Future directions include continued collaboration between healthcare professionals, increased awareness, and further research to optimize care practices and outcomes in paediatric palliative care. Keywords: paediatric palliative care, multidisciplinary care, symptom management, psychosocial support, family-centred care, ethical considerations
{"title":"Paediatric Palliative Care: Challenges and Opportunities for Nurses: A Literature Review","authors":"Fatimah Khalid Alonazi, Ranyah Mohammed Almass, Intisar Ayed Alkhaldi","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256220","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Paediatric palliative care is a specialized approach designed to improve the quality of life for children facing life-limiting illnesses, and their families. This comprehensive review explores the various interventions implemented within the realm of paediatric palliative care, encompassing physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions. Methods : A systematic literature search was conducted across major medical databases, identifying studies, reviews, and guidelines related to paediatric palliative care interventions. The selected articles were critically appraised to extract information on diverse aspects of care, including symptom management, psychosocial support, family-centred approaches, and ethical considerations. Results: The review synthesizes evidence on the holistic nature of paediatric palliative care, highlighting the effectiveness of multidisciplinary teams in addressing the complex needs of children and their families. Physical symptom management, encompassing pain control and other symptom alleviation strategies, emerged as a crucial component. Psychosocial support interventions, including counselling and therapeutic approaches, were found to enhance emotional well-being for both children and their caregivers. Discussion: Effective communication emerged as a fundamental aspect, fostering shared decision-making and open dialogue about the child’s illness, prognosis, and treatment options. The family-centred approach recognized the pivotal role of families in the care continuum, emphasizing their needs and preferences. Ethical considerations surrounding end-of-life care were explored, emphasizing the importance of navigating complex decision-making processes with sensitivity and respect for cultural and religious beliefs. Conclusion: Paediatric palliative care, as revealed through this comprehensive review, constitutes a multifaceted and evolving field. The integration of diverse interventions, coupled with ongoing research and advancements, underscores the commitment to enhancing the quality of life for children facing life-limiting illnesses and their families. Future directions include continued collaboration between healthcare professionals, increased awareness, and further research to optimize care practices and outcomes in paediatric palliative care. Keywords: paediatric palliative care, multidisciplinary care, symptom management, psychosocial support, family-centred care, ethical considerations","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139189845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256225
Ali MH Alshehri, H. Alshehri, Amer MH Alshehri, Salem MH Alshehri, Saeed Doos S. Almontashri, S. A. Algarni, Dafer Abdullah Alshehri, Khalid Hassan Alasmri
Objectives: To determine the prevalence and determinants of self-medication practices among attendants of primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) in Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: The researchers interviewed 400 patients attending Al-Numees PHCC. A data collection sheet was constructed for data collection, which comprised participants’ personal features and self-medication practices. Results: About one-third of participants practiced self-medication during the last year, mostly 1-3 times (22.5%). The main motive toward self-medication was a previous positive personal experience with the medication (31.4%), while the main complaint was having minor ailments (41.5%). Analgesics were mainly sought (47.9%), with pharmacists being the main advice providers (50.2%). The condition of 70.7% improved after self-medication. Self-medication was significantly more practiced by older participants (p=0.028), males (p=0.016), Saudis (p=0.001), and both illiterate and university-educated participants than others (p=0.018). It was also significantly influenced by participants’ occupation, being highest among retired participants (100%). Conclusions: Self-medication is commonly practiced in Abha City, mainly due to having prior experience. It is mainly practiced when having a minor ailment. Analgesics are the most frequently purchased drugs for self-medication. Pharmacists are the main source of advice for self-medication. Determinants of more practice of self-medication include older age, male gender, Saudi nationality, and educational level. Key Words: Self-medication; prevalence; primary health care.
{"title":"Prevalence and Determinants of Self-medication among Attendants of Primary Health Care Centers in Abha City, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Ali MH Alshehri, H. Alshehri, Amer MH Alshehri, Salem MH Alshehri, Saeed Doos S. Almontashri, S. A. Algarni, Dafer Abdullah Alshehri, Khalid Hassan Alasmri","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256225","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the prevalence and determinants of self-medication practices among attendants of primary healthcare centers (PHCCs) in Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: The researchers interviewed 400 patients attending Al-Numees PHCC. A data collection sheet was constructed for data collection, which comprised participants’ personal features and self-medication practices. Results: About one-third of participants practiced self-medication during the last year, mostly 1-3 times (22.5%). The main motive toward self-medication was a previous positive personal experience with the medication (31.4%), while the main complaint was having minor ailments (41.5%). Analgesics were mainly sought (47.9%), with pharmacists being the main advice providers (50.2%). The condition of 70.7% improved after self-medication. Self-medication was significantly more practiced by older participants (p=0.028), males (p=0.016), Saudis (p=0.001), and both illiterate and university-educated participants than others (p=0.018). It was also significantly influenced by participants’ occupation, being highest among retired participants (100%). Conclusions: Self-medication is commonly practiced in Abha City, mainly due to having prior experience. It is mainly practiced when having a minor ailment. Analgesics are the most frequently purchased drugs for self-medication. Pharmacists are the main source of advice for self-medication. Determinants of more practice of self-medication include older age, male gender, Saudi nationality, and educational level. Key Words: Self-medication; prevalence; primary health care.","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.952562441
Zahra S.A. Assiry, A. AlHazmi, Saeed M. Al-Ahmari, Fatimah Saad Asiri, A. Alshomrani, Waleed S.H. Al Ahmary, Sulaiman A. Jaber Alwadani, Khalid A. Alshamrani, Bandar F. Al-Shahrani, Ali A. Almusa
Aim of Study: To investigate the relationship between shift work status, eating habits, and body mass index among nurses. Methods: This study followed a cross-sectional research design. It included all nurses with at least one year of experience in the nursing field, at all main governmental healthcare facilities in Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Eligible nurses were invited via e-mail to respond to a self-administered questionnaire in the English Language, which was generated using an online survey system (Google Form). The questionnaire consisted of an interface and three parts: sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and a validated food frequency questionnaire. Results: The total number of participants was 403. The age of most participants (78.7%) was 30-40 years. They were mostly females (82.1%), Saudis (65%), and married (56.6%). Almost half of the participants (47.1%) had rotating work shifts, while 52.9% of them reported that they had fixed day work shifts. About one-third of nurses (32.5%) were overweight, while obesity and underweight were prevalent among 24.6%, and 3% of them, respectively. Chicken kabsa was the most commonly consumed type of meat (82.6%), while sausages were the least (18.1%). Biryani or red rice was the most commonly consumed type of bread and cereals food category (93.1%), while the least was maasoub (banana bread) (34%). Boiled egg sandwiches were the most commonly consumed (77.9%), while chicken sandwiches were the least (34.7%). White cheese was the most commonly consumed of dairy products (72.2%), while fat-free labneh was the least consumed (26.3%). Nuts were most commonly consumed in the sweets and snacks category (75.4%), while ice cream was the least (48.9%). Red tea was the most commonly consumed drink (85.4%), while caffeine-free coffee was the least consumed (34.2%). Dates were the most commonly consumed fruits (92.6%), while dried fruits were the least (41.9%). The green salad was the most commonly consumed type of vegetable (91.3%), while the mushroom was the least (30%). The prevalence of obesity among participants with rotating work shifts was significantly higher than those in the fixed-day work shift (31.6% and 18.3%, respectively, p=0.001). Moreover, means of consumed food categories were higher among participants with rotating work shifts than those with fixed days’ work shifts. Significant differences were observed regarding participants’ consumption of meat and fish (p=0.035), bread and cereals (p=0.044), and sandwiches and burgers (p=0.039). Conclusions: Prevalence rates of obesity and overweight are high among nurses. Rotating work shift nurses have poor eating habits, which might lead to an imbalance in their diet. They consumed more food categories with high energy values than those with fixed day shifts. Moreover, rotating work shift nurses tend to consume more snacks than complete meals. Key Words: Nurses, Shift work, Eating habits, Body mass index, Saudi Arabia
{"title":"Relationship between Shift Work Status, Eating Habits, and Body Mass Index among Nurses in Abha City, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Zahra S.A. Assiry, A. AlHazmi, Saeed M. Al-Ahmari, Fatimah Saad Asiri, A. Alshomrani, Waleed S.H. Al Ahmary, Sulaiman A. Jaber Alwadani, Khalid A. Alshamrani, Bandar F. Al-Shahrani, Ali A. Almusa","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.952562441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.952562441","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of Study: To investigate the relationship between shift work status, eating habits, and body mass index among nurses. Methods: This study followed a cross-sectional research design. It included all nurses with at least one year of experience in the nursing field, at all main governmental healthcare facilities in Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Eligible nurses were invited via e-mail to respond to a self-administered questionnaire in the English Language, which was generated using an online survey system (Google Form). The questionnaire consisted of an interface and three parts: sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and a validated food frequency questionnaire. Results: The total number of participants was 403. The age of most participants (78.7%) was 30-40 years. They were mostly females (82.1%), Saudis (65%), and married (56.6%). Almost half of the participants (47.1%) had rotating work shifts, while 52.9% of them reported that they had fixed day work shifts. About one-third of nurses (32.5%) were overweight, while obesity and underweight were prevalent among 24.6%, and 3% of them, respectively. Chicken kabsa was the most commonly consumed type of meat (82.6%), while sausages were the least (18.1%). Biryani or red rice was the most commonly consumed type of bread and cereals food category (93.1%), while the least was maasoub (banana bread) (34%). Boiled egg sandwiches were the most commonly consumed (77.9%), while chicken sandwiches were the least (34.7%). White cheese was the most commonly consumed of dairy products (72.2%), while fat-free labneh was the least consumed (26.3%). Nuts were most commonly consumed in the sweets and snacks category (75.4%), while ice cream was the least (48.9%). Red tea was the most commonly consumed drink (85.4%), while caffeine-free coffee was the least consumed (34.2%). Dates were the most commonly consumed fruits (92.6%), while dried fruits were the least (41.9%). The green salad was the most commonly consumed type of vegetable (91.3%), while the mushroom was the least (30%). The prevalence of obesity among participants with rotating work shifts was significantly higher than those in the fixed-day work shift (31.6% and 18.3%, respectively, p=0.001). Moreover, means of consumed food categories were higher among participants with rotating work shifts than those with fixed days’ work shifts. Significant differences were observed regarding participants’ consumption of meat and fish (p=0.035), bread and cereals (p=0.044), and sandwiches and burgers (p=0.039). Conclusions: Prevalence rates of obesity and overweight are high among nurses. Rotating work shift nurses have poor eating habits, which might lead to an imbalance in their diet. They consumed more food categories with high energy values than those with fixed day shifts. Moreover, rotating work shift nurses tend to consume more snacks than complete meals. Key Words: Nurses, Shift work, Eating habits, Body mass index, Saudi Arabia","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"33 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256211
M. Helvaci, Valeria Pappel, Kubra Piral, Asuman Caylar, Huseyin Sencan, R. Davran, Mustafa Yaprak, A. Abyad, Lesley Pocock
Background: Sickle cell diseases (SCDs) are inborn and catastrophic processes on vascular endothelium, particularly at the capillaries. Methods: All patients were included. Results: We studied 222 males and 212 females with similar mean ages (30.8 vs 30.3 years, p>0.05, respectively). Beside cirrhosis (8.1% vs 1.8%, p<0.001), smoking (23.8% vs 6.1%, p<0.001), alcohol (4.9% vs 0.4%, p<0.001), transfused red blood cells (RBCs) in their lives (48.1 vs 28.5 units, p=0.000), disseminated teeth losses (5.4% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), ileus (7.2% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (25.2% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), leg ulcers (19.8% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), digital clubbing (14.8% vs 6.6%, p<0.001), coronary heart disease (CHD) (18.0% vs 13.2%, p<0.05), chronic renal disease (CRD) (9.9% vs 6.1%, p<0.05), and stroke (12.1% vs 7.5%, p<0.05) were all higher, and autosplenectomy (50.4% vs 53.3%, p<0.05) and mean age of mortality were lower in males, significantly (30.2 vs 33.3 years, p<0.05). Conclusion: The hardened RBCs-induced capillary endothelial damage initiates at birth, and terminates with multiorgan failures even at childhood. Parallel to cirrhosis, all of the atherosclerotic risk factors or consequences including smoking, alcohol, disseminated teeth losses, ileus, COPD, leg ulcers, digital clubbing, CHD, CRD, and stroke were higher, and autosplenectomy and mean age of mortality were lower in males which can not be explained by effects of smoking and alcohol alone at the relatively younger mean age. So autosplenectomy may be a good whereas male gender alone may be a bad prognostic factor, and cirrhosis may have an atherosclerotic background in the SCDs. Key words: Sickle cell diseases, hardened red blood cells, capillary endothelial damage, capillary endothelial edema, sudden deaths, atherosclerosis, cirrhosis
背景：镰状细胞病（SCDs）是对血管内皮，尤其是毛细血管造成灾难性影响的先天性疾病。研究方法纳入所有患者。研究结果我们研究了平均年龄相似的 222 名男性和 212 名女性（分别为 30.8 岁和 30.3 岁，P>0.05）。除了肝硬化（8.1% 对 1.8%，P<0.001）、吸烟（23.8% 对 6.1%，P<0.001）、酗酒（4.9% 对 0.4%，P<0.001）、生前输过红细胞（48.1 对 28.5 单位，P=0.000）、播散性牙齿脱落（5.4% vs 1.4%，P<0.001）、回肠炎（7.2% vs 1.4%，P<0.001）、慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）（25.2% vs 7.0%，P<0.001）、腿部溃疡（19.8% vs 7.0%，p<0.001）、数字性跛行（14.8% vs 6.6%，p<0.001）、冠心病（CHD）（18.0% vs 13.2%，p<0.05）、慢性肾病（CRD）（9.9% vs 6.1%，p<0.05）和中风（12.1% vs 7.5%，P<0.05）均较高，而男性的自体脾切除率（50.4% vs 53.3%，P<0.05）和平均死亡年龄明显较低（30.2 vs 33.3 岁，P<0.05）。结论红细胞硬化引起的毛细血管内皮损伤始于出生，甚至在儿童期就以多器官功能衰竭而告终。与肝硬化相似，所有动脉粥样硬化的危险因素或后果，包括吸烟、酗酒、牙齿脱落、回肠梗阻、慢性阻塞性肺病、腿部溃疡、小儿佝偻病、冠心病、慢性阻塞性肺病和中风，在男性中都较高，而在平均年龄相对较小的男性中，自体脾切除术和平均死亡年龄都较低，这不能仅用吸烟和酗酒的影响来解释。因此，自体脾切除可能是一个好的预后因素，而单纯的男性性别可能是一个坏的预后因素，肝硬化在 SCD 中可能有动脉粥样硬化的背景。关键词镰状细胞病、红细胞硬化、毛细血管内皮损伤、毛细血管内皮水肿、猝死、动脉粥样硬化、肝硬化
{"title":"Atherosclerotic background of cirrhosis in sickle cell diseases","authors":"M. Helvaci, Valeria Pappel, Kubra Piral, Asuman Caylar, Huseyin Sencan, R. Davran, Mustafa Yaprak, A. Abyad, Lesley Pocock","doi":"10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5742/mewfm.2023.95256211","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sickle cell diseases (SCDs) are inborn and catastrophic processes on vascular endothelium, particularly at the capillaries. Methods: All patients were included. Results: We studied 222 males and 212 females with similar mean ages (30.8 vs 30.3 years, p>0.05, respectively). Beside cirrhosis (8.1% vs 1.8%, p<0.001), smoking (23.8% vs 6.1%, p<0.001), alcohol (4.9% vs 0.4%, p<0.001), transfused red blood cells (RBCs) in their lives (48.1 vs 28.5 units, p=0.000), disseminated teeth losses (5.4% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), ileus (7.2% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (25.2% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), leg ulcers (19.8% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), digital clubbing (14.8% vs 6.6%, p<0.001), coronary heart disease (CHD) (18.0% vs 13.2%, p<0.05), chronic renal disease (CRD) (9.9% vs 6.1%, p<0.05), and stroke (12.1% vs 7.5%, p<0.05) were all higher, and autosplenectomy (50.4% vs 53.3%, p<0.05) and mean age of mortality were lower in males, significantly (30.2 vs 33.3 years, p<0.05). Conclusion: The hardened RBCs-induced capillary endothelial damage initiates at birth, and terminates with multiorgan failures even at childhood. Parallel to cirrhosis, all of the atherosclerotic risk factors or consequences including smoking, alcohol, disseminated teeth losses, ileus, COPD, leg ulcers, digital clubbing, CHD, CRD, and stroke were higher, and autosplenectomy and mean age of mortality were lower in males which can not be explained by effects of smoking and alcohol alone at the relatively younger mean age. So autosplenectomy may be a good whereas male gender alone may be a bad prognostic factor, and cirrhosis may have an atherosclerotic background in the SCDs. Key words: Sickle cell diseases, hardened red blood cells, capillary endothelial damage, capillary endothelial edema, sudden deaths, atherosclerosis, cirrhosis","PeriodicalId":23895,"journal":{"name":"World Family Medicine Journal /Middle East Journal of Family Medicine","volume":"55 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139192961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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